Unit 3 Period 3 Using Language课后巩固 多维提能（Word练习）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

[基础知识巩固练] 维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换 1．He was a professional(profession) basketball player who gained recognition from home and abroad. 2．Now a special TV network gives live coverage(cover) of most races. 3．Afterwards，he seemed to run out of fortune and finally lost all his possessions(possess). 4．A mixture(mix) of fear and mercy seized me, which made me like an ant on hot bricks. 5．All the merchants stayed silent, listened to me carefully and gave me a big round of applause(applaud) at the end. 6．If we are blind to our own faults, we will not be merciful(mercy) to others. 7．The police have been searching for the murderer(murder) for months, but so far, they have not found any solid leads. 维度二　固定用法和搭配 1．Changbai Mountain is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals. 2．By profession, she is a teacher, but she also has a passion for writing and has published several short stories. 3．The small fishing village, which is often hit by severe storms, is at the mercy of the unpredictable forces of nature. 4．The young artist is possessed of great creativity and unique insights, so her works always attract a lot of attention. 5．The criminal is currently under arrest and being questioned by the police. 6．I find it is no use arguing(argue) with him, because he is so stubborn. 维度三　完成句子/一句多译 1．奇怪的声音引起了他的注意，尽管害怕，他还是决定去调查一下。 The strange noise arrested his attention, and he decided to investigate it despite his fear. 2．幸福不是渴望我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。 Happiness is not wishing for what we don't have, but enjoying what we take possession of/are in possession of． 3．他是如此紧张，以至于他感觉自己舌头打结，手心出汗。(so...that...) (1)He was so nervous that he felt his tongue tied and palms sweating. (2)So nervous was he that he felt his tongue tied and palms sweating. 4．随着时间的推移，我逐渐适应了学校生活。 (1)With time going by, I gradually adapted myself to the school life.(with) (2)As time went by, I gradually adapted myself to the school life.(as) 维度四　融合教材·主题探究 【改编自译林选必三U2】 With technologies first researched and developed for space exploration, we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind, making our lives safer and easier.One of these is earthquake shock absorbers.Shock absorbers originally applied to the space shuttle launch have also been set up in the cities with a high frequency of earthquakes in order to protect buildings and save lives.Some technologies need further research to better solve real­life problems.For example, liquid hydrogen is a clean alternative energy source that is used widely as rocket fuel, and it is likely that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will be mass­produced and launched in the near future.These scientific and technological advances can provide benefits to societies on the Earth in many areas including health, energy and information technology.This should be a strong motive for continuing to explore space. Although space exploration demands huge investment, the space industry can actually bring great economic value.It has been calculated that the global space economy is increasing by billions of dollars every year.At the same time, space exploration can provide a variety of career opportunities for young people.Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the astronauts that receive widespread media coverage.There are many support staff on the ground, such as engineers, mechanics and research assistants. Moreover, the amazing work these people do can provide education and inspiration for the next generation.For me personally, this is by far the biggest reason for humanity to explore space.Such wonders as a space shuttle launch or astronauts walking on the Moon are incredibly exciting and inspiring to witness, and it can be these moments that shape children's lives forever and motivate them to become the scientists and engineers of the future.It is this kind of inspiration that keeps our thirst for knowledge alive and ensures that advances in space exploration and many other fields will continue to be made.When you have seen a man walk on the Moon, you grow up believing that anything is possible! 1．What have shock absorbers originally used for the space shuttle launch been applied to? A．Protecting the spacecraft. B．Saving lives in earthquakes. C．Reducing the noise in the cities. D．Improving the building cost. 2．Which of the following is a clean alternative energy source mentioned in the passage? A．Liquid hydrogen. B．Coal. C．Oil. D．Natural gas. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．The space industry will have no more career opportunities in the future. B．Space exploration will only bring economic benefits. C．More advanced technologies will be developed for space exploration. D．Children will not be interested in space exploration. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The high cost of space exploration. B．The benefits of space exploration. C．The difficulties in space exploration. D．The history of space exploration. 答案：1～4.BACB [综合能力提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·湖北楚天协作体期中)Climate change is causing Europe to heat up more quickly than any other continent, and that heat is deadly, according to a new report by European climate officials. The whole planet is warming up because of heat­trapping pollution (吸热污染) from oil, gas and coal. But Europe is getting warmer faster. Samantha Burgess is the deputy director of the Copernicus Climate Change Service, which is the EU's official weather and climate organization. She says Europe is warming about twice as fast as the global average. “Globally, we're looking at about a 0.2 degrees Celsius change per decade, whereas Europe is, I think, about 0.4 degrees Celsius per decade.” Those tenths of a degree add up quickly. Europe is already more than 4 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than it was in the late 1800s. One reason Europe is heating up so quickly is that it's very close to the Arctic, and the polar regions feel the effects of climate change more intensely. Another reason is that the ocean and atmospheric currents around Europe are warmer in general than those at similar latitudes (纬度) in other parts of the world. That's why London's winters are so much more temperate than Chicago's, even though London is farther north. And it means that as the oceans and atmosphere heat up, Europe feels it in a big way. Last year was tied for the hottest year on record in Europe. A new report by the Copernicus Climate Change Service and the United Nations finds that the number of deaths from hot weather in Europe has grown by at least 30% in the last 20 years. Last summer was a prime (最典型的) example. During a heat wave in July, intense heat and humidity made it feel like it was 110 degrees Celsius or hotter in nearly half of southern Europe. That's the kind of heat that can kill people if they don't have access to air conditioning. Preliminary estimates say tens of thousands of people likely died. European cities are scrambling to make sure residents have access to air conditioning and reliable electricity for that air conditioning. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了气候变化导致欧洲的升温速度比其他任何大陆都要快，其两个主要原因是：欧洲离北极很近；欧洲周围的海洋和大气环流总体上比世界上其他地区的更温暖。 1．Why does the author mention what Samantha Burgess said in paragraph 2? A．To indicate that Europe used the most oil, gas and coal. B．To suggest that Europe had the most people killed by heat. C．To prove that Europe was getting warmer the fastest. D．To tell us that Europe is in the Arctic region. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Globally...about 0.4 degrees Celsius per decade.”可推知，作者提到萨曼莎·伯吉斯的话是为了证明欧洲变暖速度最快。 2．What caused London's winter to be warmer than that of Chicago? A．The difference of latitudes. B．The distance from the equator. C．The impact of heat­trapping pollution. D．The effect of ocean and atmospheric currents. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Another reason is that...in other parts of the world.”可知，伦敦的冬天比芝加哥暖和是因为海洋和大气流的影响。 3．What does the underlined word “scrambling” in the last paragraph mean? A．Climbing hard to the top of a mountain. B．Writing words too casually to be readable. C．Competing with others in order to get something. D．Managing to do something in a hurry. C　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“That's the kind of heat...thousands of people likely died.”可知，如果没有空调，这种高温可以致人死亡，因此欧洲各大城市才争先恐后地(抢占资源)让其居民能用得上空调，并为空调提供可靠的电力。 4．Which column of a newspaper does this article belong to? A．Environment.　　　 B．History. C．Source. D．Health. A　解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了气候变化导致欧洲的升温速度比其他任何大陆都要快。因此，这篇文章属于报纸的环境栏目。 B (2025·茂名期末) Hundreds of emperor penguin chicks jumped off a 15­meter cliff (悬崖), as high as a five­story building. This scene was captured by drones in January at Atka Bay, Antarctica, and was put out recently in a documentary series called Secrets of the Penguins. This jump seems brave but could be lethal to these young penguins. According to National Geographic, emperor penguins usually raise their chicks on sea ice platforms. Not long after they turn 5 months old, the chicks have to begin their first swim in the ocean to hunt for themselves. Normally, they just need to jump from the sea ice, which is less than a meter high. However, the fast­melting ice in Antarctica changes the situation. The Antarctic summer sea ice has decreased sharply since 2016, reported the BBC. In February 2023, the total area of sea ice reached a record low of 1.91 million square kilometers. “Emperors depend on sea ice for their breeding cycle, it's the stable platform they use to bring up their young，” Peter Fretwell from the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) told the BBC. If the ice platform melts or breaks apart before they could swim, they are more likely to drown or freeze to death. For this reason emperor penguins are now choosing to raise their babies on the ice shelf, which is firmly attached to the land. Therefore, chicks must face the challenge of jumping off a high cliff. “When the chicks get to this cliff face, they're like... ‘This does not look like a fun jump, but I guess I'm gonna have to go’，” Michelle LaRue, a scientist at the University of Canterbury, New Zealand, told National Geographic. “Alarmingly, the decline in the ice has caused thousands of emperor penguin chicks' death in West Antarctica in 2022. The continuing decline of sea ice may force more emperors to make their nests on ice shelves, ” said Fretwell. “It's heartbreaking to think that the whole species may be gone if climate change continues on the path that it's on at the moment，” he added. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了企鹅幼崽因南极海冰融化被迫从高崖跳海，气候变化加剧，企鹅生存面临严重威胁。 5．What does the underlined word “lethal” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Deadly. B．Pleasant. C．Unusual. D．Boring. A　解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“For this reason...a high cliff.”和最后一段中的“Alarmingly...in 2022.”可知，这次跳跃看起来很勇敢，但对这些幼小的企鹅来说可能是致命的，lethal意为“致命的”。 6．Why do emperor penguin chicks jump off cliffs? A．They want to travel across the ocean. B．They are trying to escape predators. C．They are celebrating getting their adult feathers. D.They have no other way to enter the water to hunt. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容和第四段中的“However, the fast­melting ice in Antarctica changes the situation.”可推知，小企鹅们跳下悬崖是因为它们没有其他办法进入水中捕猎。 7．What factor is leading to emperor penguins raising their young on ice shelves? A．Declining sea levels. B．The rapid melting of sea ice. C．More available food for the chicks. D．Bigger size of ice shelves. B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“However, the fast­melting ice in Antarctica changes the situation.”和第五段内容可推知，南极洲快速融化的冰导致帝企鹅在冰架上抚养幼崽。 8．What is the main concern Fretwell expressed regarding emperor penguins? A．The shorter breeding cycle. B．Their ability to hunt for themselves. C．The potential extinction of the species. D．Their increased dependence on sea ice. C　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“‘It's heartbreaking to think...it's on at the moment，’ he added.”可知，弗雷特威尔主要担心的是帝企鹅物种潜在的灭绝风险。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·梅州期末)Do you love food? Whether you're a foodie or someone who just likes eating, there is so much to choose from. We know that too much of the wrong kind of food can be bad for our health, but for some people having a food allergy means that eating certain things can actually be harmful. Such cases may seem uncommon. 1. An allergy is caused by the immune (免疫的) system fighting substances in the environment. 2. It means that people have to follow strict dietary restrictions, otherwise their lives may be put at risk. Allergy specialist Dr. Adam Fox says, “If you look back over, say，30 or 40 years...there are much more serious allergic problems around now than there were.” 3. Last year a teenager died after suffering an allergic reaction from eating a piece of bread containing peanuts. This led to a call for better food­labeling laws. Research has found that this problem is particularly affecting children. 4. Dr. Alexandra Santos from King's College London says, “Food allergy now affects about 7% of children in the UK and 9% of those in Australia, for example. Across Europe, 2% of adults have food allergies.” So what might be the cause? Dr. Santos says, the increase in allergies is not simply the effect of society becoming more aware of them and better at diagnosing them. 5. She adds that possible factors are pollution, dietary changes and less exposure to bacteria, which change how our immune systems respond. She points out that it's very common for migrants who move to another country to develop food allergies in their new location. A．It seems to be more environmental. B．A food allergy can affect you at any age. C．Yet in fact, food allergies are affecting more and more of us. D．Food allergies can result in some life­threatening reactions. E．A lot of work is being done to try and find a cure, but that's not easy. F．More and more of them are having allergic reactions to certain food. G．We often hear about people having allergies to dairy products or to nuts. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了食物过敏问题及其对人们健康的影响。 1．C　解析：根据上文“Such cases may seem uncommon.”和下文介绍的食物过敏的现象可知，空处前后句存在转折关系，且空处引出下文，因此空处应表示食物过敏现象其实很普遍，C项符合语境。 2．D　解析：下文指出了食物过敏的严重性，由此可推知，空处内容应与食物过敏的严重性有关，D项引出下文，符合语境。 3．G　解析：根据上下文内容可知，空处应举例说明过敏问题，G项引出下文，且与下文的举例相呼应，符合语境。 4．F　解析：根据上下文内容可知，空处内容应与儿童对某些食物产生过敏反应有关，F项承上启下，符合语境。 5．A　解析：上文指出过敏增加的原因不仅仅是认知和诊断能力的增强，下文指出可能导致过敏增加的一些环境因素，由此可推知，空处内容应与环境因素有关，A项承上启下，符合语境。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2025·淮安期末) I was auditioning (试唱) to be in a festival parade. Although I practiced each movement and 1 myself to ensure I finished my solo performance within the allowed amount, I was still shaking. My musical director gave me the nod. 2 ， I smiled back and gave the cue (暗示) to start. After singing the first line, I was stopped and was asked to change another song. I froze 3 . Never had I expected this. My words got 4 in my throat. Hesitantly, I honestly 5 not preparing a second song. However, if given a few minutes, I would gladly return with a new one. The head judge praised my 6 and allowed me 15 minutes. I began to panic. My musical director 7 that I had already done fine. After an anxious 8 ， she inspired me, “Show them your voice.” At that moment, it 9 me that the only song that really worked was Bring Him Home! I returned. “We will 10 you when we have heard what we need，” one judge stated. I sang with all my heart. Before I realized it, I had sung the whole song through. I apologized if I had 11 their cue to stop. Laughing, the judge instructed me to take a 12 . The next two hours, I sat there feeling accomplished yet 13 when I heard so many other beautiful voices. Finally, hearing I was chosen, I held my breath so long that the judges 14 me to breathe. When choosing to audition for a dream of mine at first, I was scared my hard work wouldn't 15 and it would be meaningless. But I wanted to be “the star” of a show. I wanted to shine. It is a memory that I will value for the rest of my life. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加节日巡游活动试唱的故事。 1．A.timed　　　　　　 B．convinced C．requested D．asked A　解析：根据下文“to ensure I finished my solo performance within the allowed amount”可知，此处应表示作者计时(time)以确保在规定的时间内完成自己的独唱。 2．A.Luckily B．Nervously C．Curiously D．Amazingly B　解析：根据上文“I was still shaking”可知，作者紧张地(nervously)对音乐总监笑了笑，示意她开始。 3．A.damp B．liquid C．solid D．steamy C　解析：根据上文“After singing the first line, I was stopped and was asked to change another song.”可知，作者僵住(solid)了。 4．A.hidden B．choked C．broken D．involved B　解析：根据上文“Never had I expected this.”可知，发生了意料之外的事情，作者的话哽(choke)在喉咙里了。 5．A.avoided B．continued C．minded D．admitted D　解析：根据语境以及下文“not preparing a second song”可知，作者诚实地承认(admit)自己没有准备第二首歌。 6．A.bravery B．humor C．honesty D．generosity C　解析：根据上文“I honestly...a second song”可知，此处应表示主评委称赞了作者的诚实(honesty)，给了作者15分钟的时间。 7．A.warned B．insisted C．predicted D．shouted B　解析：根据下文“that I had already done fine”可知，此处应表示音乐总监坚持认为(insist)作者已经做得很好了。 8．A.survey B．quarrel C．lecture D．exchange D　解析：根据下文“she inspired me, ‘Show them your voice.’”可知，在一次焦虑的交流(exchange)之后，音乐总监鼓励了作者。 9．A.struck B．escaped C．shocked D．worried A　解析：根据上文At that moment以及下文“that the only song that really worked was Bring Him Home”可知，作者突然想到(strike)唯一一首真正管用的歌。 10．A.applaud B．evaluate C．stop D．cheer C　解析：根据下文“I apologized if I had their cue to stop.”可知，评委说当听到他们需要的东西时就会叫停(stop)作者。 11．A.heard B．missed C．rejected D．followed B　解析：根据上文“Before I realized it, I had sung the whole song through.”可知，作者担心自己错过(miss)了评委叫停的暗示，向评委道歉。 12．A.seat B．stand C．chance D．step A　解析：根据下文“The next two hours, I sat there”可知，评委笑着让作者坐下(seat)。 13．A.defeated B．refreshed C．relaxed D．tired A　解析：根据下文“when I heard so many other beautiful voices”可知，作者听到其他很多美妙的声音，觉得自己完成了试唱但又有挫败感(defeat)。 14．A.required B．reminded C．permitted D．persuaded B　解析：根据句意以及上文“I held my breath so long”可知，作者听到自己被选中，激动得屏住呼吸，评委提醒(remind)作者呼吸。 15．A.pay off B．kick off C．break off D．take off A　解析：根据语境以及下文“and it would be meaningless”可知，作者一开始害怕自己的努力不会得到回报(pay off)。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $