Unit 1 单元过关检测（一）Science Fiction（Word练习）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

单元过关检测一。第一部分听力。第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。Text one, yesterday, I booked a flight for my trip to osaka. Next week. I'm leaving soon. great. You haven't had any time off for almost two years. Text two, i'm having trouble meeting people here in the city. Any ideas? The gym is a good place to meet people or play in a team sport such as baseball and volleyball. That sounds fine. I'm good at playing tennis. Text three hello, jim, that window is very clean. Oh, hello. mom. Dad and I washed IT before lunch, but the car is dirty, and I need to help . that do that now. Okay, but have a bottle of milk first. Text for, can I help you? Yes, i'm looking for . some suit that I can wear at the office as well as on weekends. Let me show you a new summer collection. Text five, mike is good at tennis, isn't he? Yes, but . speaking of tennis, Stephen is the best in our school. I don't think so. David is the best in my mind because he had won many prizes in tennis matches. 第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍，听第六段材料，回答第六、七题。Texas, so what are we going to do tonight, dave? Let's watch T. V. There's a soccer match between the U. S. And brazil on . no way we are on vacation. I refuse to sit in a hotel room and watch soccer on T. V. I want to go to see a play. Come on. I'm sure it's too late to get tickets now. Nice try, but you don't know for sure without trying. All right, all right. Which shows are popular . right now? I read in new york magazine yesterday that Jessica lang and alec baldwin are cold, starting in a streak car named desire isn't IT great. Let me first call the ticket agent to see if there are any tickets. So what are we going to do tonight, dave? Let's watch T. V. There's a soccer match between the U. S. And brazil. on no way we are on vacation. I refuse to sit in a hotel room and watch soccer on T. V. I want to go to see a play. Come on. I'm sure it's too late to get tickets now. Nice try, but you don't know for sure without trying. All right, all right. Which shows are popular . right now? I read in new york magazine yesterday that Jessica lang and alec baldwin, a coast starting in a street car named desire, isn't IT great. Let me first call the ticket agent to see if there are any tickets. 听第七段材料，回答第8至10题。Tex seven, hello, this is tom speaking. Hi tom. This is AManda. How are you doing . today what i'm calling . to ask you if you want to come to my party on the twenty second? It's next friday. Well, i'm not sure if i'll be there that day. I have a customer from leads coming to london next wednesday, and i'll have to take him to bath to visit our factory. I'll call you back as soon as I can make the decision. By the way, when will the party begin? Eight thirty at my house. You know where IT is? Yes, okay. Hope to see you then. Hello, this is tom speaking. Hi tom. This is AManda. How are you doing lately? Nothing special. What's up? I'm calling to ask you if you want to come to my party on the twenty second. It's next friday. Well, i'm not sure if i'll be there that day. I have a customer from leads coming to london next wednesday, and i'll have to take him to bath to visit our factory. I'll call you back as soon as I can make the decision. By the way, when will the party . begin at eight thirty at my house? You know where IT is? Yes, okay, hope to see you then. 听第八段材料，回答第11至13题。Text eight, hi, you must be Robert. Yeah. that's right. Deby charm, head of the I. T. department. okay. So what experience do you have in computer programing? Well. over the past three years, i've had a lot of experience with many different programing languages. okay. So what's the attraction for working for our company? Well, i've seen some of the computer games you've come up with, and therefore, I think you're a very useful company with a . very good future. Okay, excEllent. Well, I need somebody to work right away. Do you think you can do that? certainly. okay. We'll have your salary on one thousand and four hundred dollars a month to start with. Does that sound good? That sounds fine. Okay. you'll be working in the game section of our department. So why don't you come . on monday? okay. Hi, you must be Robert. Yeah. that's right. Debby charm, head of the I. T. department. okay. So what experience do you have in computer programming? Well. over the past three years, i've had a lot of experience with many different programing languages. okay. So what's the attraction for working for our company? Well, seen some of the computer games you've come up with and therefore, I think you're a very useful company with a very . good future. Okay, excEllent. Well, I need somebody to work right away. Do you think you can do that? certainly. Yeah, okay. We'll have your salary on one thousand and four hundred dollars a month to start with. Does that sound good? That sounds fine. okay. You'll be working in the game section of our department, so why don't you come . on monday? okay. 听第九段材料，回答第14至16题。Text nine hi, Susan, how are you? I've been wondering when I drug into you, what are you busy with? Nice to meet you here, jack. I'm buying some new year gifts for those who work with me, but it's really a headache. Maybe I could give you some advice. Firstly, you'd Better divide them into different groups, who are the people that are your friends as well as your workmates, and who are the people that you do not know well, but you see pretty much daily. Okay, then what should I do . for the friends you want to give them personal gifts? Do they like chocolate? This is what I always give. But I know mary is on a diet. Does he like ruit or coffee? Anyway, think of a gift that you know your . friend likes. Well, I think fruit is helpful to keep fit. How about the rest of them? Leave cards in their mailboxes are on their desks. New year's cards? Yes, you can afford that. More importantly, IT shows them that you are thinking of them. Thank you for your suggestion, jack. You really have saved me and my money as well. Hi, Susan. How are you? I've been wondering when i'd run into you. What are you busy with? Nice to meet you here, jack. I'm buying some new year gifts for those who work with me, but it's really a headache. Maybe I could give you some advice. Firstly, you'd Better divide them into different groups, who are the people that are your friends as well as your workmates, and who are the people that you do not know well, but you see pretty much daily. Okay, then what should I . do for the friends you want to give them personal gifts? Do they like chocolate? This is what I always give. But I know mary is on a diet. Does he like fruit or coffee? Anyway, think of a gift that you know your . friend likes. Well, I think fruit is helpful to keep fit. How about the rest of them . leave cards in their mailboxes. on their desks? new? Yeah, cards. Yes, you can afford that. More importantly, IT shows them that you are thinking of them. Thank you for your suggestion, jack. You really have saved me and my money as well. 听第十段材料，回答第17至20题。Texted, congratulations, everybody. Welcome to our university. The starting of the university can be exciting on the one hand, hand can also be worrying on the other. No matter how you are going to learn, you have to make plans in the first few months, spend some time walking around the university and find out what IT is like. Do your best to get used to the life here, and get to know your professors and classmates trying to understand what are university aspects of you. I'll help you to become clear about your own goals. During this time, you have, of course, study hard to pass the exams, but what's more important for you is to put some energy into learning how to learn, thinking about what you want from the university and how you can reach your goals. You should have some difficulties in your studies, and learning is not always a pleasant journey. Some of you may find your studies are not exciting and are thinking of stopping learning. In this case, just think IT over before you make the decision for learning is so important that you will change your future life. Our university can answer your real learning if you can make up your mind to go go through with IT. This is what I like to say to you at the moment. If you still have any questions, please come to my office. Thank you. Congratulations, everybody. Welcome to our university. The starting of the university can be exciting on the one hand and can also be worrying on the other. No matter how you are going to learn, you have to make plans in the first few months, spend some time walking around the university and find out what IT is like. Do your best to get used to the life here, and get to know your professors and classmates. Trying to understand what our university aspects of you will help you to become clear about your own goals. During this time, you have, of course, to study hard to pass the exams, but what's more important for you is to put some energy into learning how to learn, thinking about what you want from the university and how you can reach your goals. You should have some difficulties in your studies, and learning is not always a pleasant journey. Some of you may find your studies are not exciting, and they are thinking of stopping learning. In this case, just think IT over before you make the decision for learning is so important that IT will change your future life. Our university can answer your real learning if you can make up your mind to go through with IT. This is what I like to say to you at the moment. If you still have any questions, please come to my office. Thank you. 单元过关检测(一) (时间：120分钟，满分：150分) 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What is the woman going to do? A．Having a holiday. B．Asking for a sick leave. C．Working in Osaka. 2．What does the man want to know? A．What sports to play. B．Where to do sports. C．How to meet people. 3．What will the boy clean? A．The window. B．The bottle. C．The car. 4．Where does the conversation take place? A．At the man's office. B．At a clothing store. C．At a travel agency. 5．Who plays tennis best in the woman's opinion? A．David. B．Steven. C．Mike. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．Where are the two speakers? A．In a hotel. B．In a theater. C．At home. 7．What does the man want to do? A．See a play. B．Play football. C．Watch TV. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．Why does Amanda call Tom? A．To visit his factory. B．To invite him to her party. C．To ask about his party plan. 9．When will the customer come to London? A．On the 20th. B．On the 22nd. C．On the 25th. 10．Where is the factory? A．In London. B．In Leeds. C．In Bath. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Boss and clerk. B．Customer and manager. C．Interviewer and interviewee. 12．What do we know about the woman? A．She is in charge of the IT Department. B．She is dissatisfied with the man's work. C．She knows many programming languages. 13．What attracts the man to work for the company? A．An offer of a high salary. B．The company's bright future. C．The opportunity to play games. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14．What are the two speakers talking about? A．Buying holiday presents. B．Making a Christmas plan. C．Sharing opinions on friendship. 15．What does Susan say about Mary? A．She prefers fruit to coffee. B．She is trying to lose weight. C．She usually goes abroad during holidays. 16．How does Susan feel about Jack's suggestion? A．Doubtful. B．Satisfied. C．Surprised. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．How will students feel about the university life at its beginning? A．Disappointed and fearful. B．Satisfied and hopeful. C．Excited and anxious. 18．What will help the students to become clear about their own goals? A．Walking around the university. B．Understanding the university requirements. C．Getting used to university life. 19．Why does the speaker advise the students not to give up learning? A．Learning can help them understand their own value. B．Learning can help them improve their life. C．Learning can help them get university degrees. 20．What is the most important for the new students? A．Fields of learning. B．Results of learning. C．Ways of learning. 答案：1～5.ACCBA　6～10.ACBAC 11～15.CABAB　16～20.BCBBC 听力材料 (Text 1) W：Yesterday I booked a flight for my trip to Osaka next week.I'm leaving soon.① M：Great! You haven't had any time off for almost two years. (Text 2) M：I'm having trouble meeting people here in the city.Any ideas？② W：The gym is a good place to meet people.Or play in a team sport, such as baseball and volleyball. M：That sounds fine.I'm good at playing tennis. (Text 3) W：Hello, Jim.That window is very clean. M：Oh, hello, Mum.Dad and I washed it before lunch.But the car is dirty and I need to help Dad do that now.③ W：OK, but have a bottle of milk first. (Text 4) W：Can I help you? M：Yes, I'm looking for some suit that I can wear at the office as well as on weekends.④ W：Let me show you a new summer collection. (Text 5) W：Mike is good at tennis, isn't he? M：Yes.But speaking of tennis, Steven is the best in our school. W：I don't think so.David is the best in my mind because he had won many prizes in tennis matches.⑤ (Text 6) W：So, what are we going to do tonight, Dave? M：Let's watch TV.⑦ There's a soccer match between the US and Brazil on. W：No way! We are on VACATION.I refuse to sit in a hotel room and watch soccer on TV.⑥ I want to go to see a play. M：Come on.I'm sure it's too late to get tickets now. W：Nice try, but you don't know for sure without trying. M：All right, all right.Which shows are popular right now? W：I read in New York magazine yesterday that Jessica Lange and Alec Baldwin are co-starring in A Streetcar Named Desire.Isn't it great? Let me first call the ticket agent to see if there are any tickets. (Text 7) M：Hello.This is Tom speaking. W：Hi, Tom.This is Amanda.How are you doing lately? M：Nothing special.What's up? W：I'm calling to ask you if you want to come to my party on the 22nd.It's next Friday.⑧⑨ M：Well, I'm not sure if I'll be there that day.I have a customer from Leeds coming to London next Wednesday and I'll have to take him to Bath to visit our factory.⑨⑩ I'll call you back as soon as I can make the decision.By the way, when will the party begin? W：At 8：30.At my house.You know where it is? M：Yes. W：OK.Hope to see you then. (Text 8) W：Hi, you must be Robert. M：Yeah, that's right. W：Debbie Charm, head of the IT Department.⑫ OK, so what experience do you have in computer programming? M：Well, over the past three years I've had a lot of experience with many different programming languages. W：OK, so what's the attraction for working for our company? M：Well, I've seen some of the computer games you've come up with and therefore I think you're a very youthful company with a very good future.⑬ W：OK, excellent. Well, I need somebody to work right away. Do you think you can do that？⑪ M：Certainly, yeah. W：OK, we'll have your salary on $ 1，400 a month to start with. Does that sound good? M：That sounds fine. W：OK, you'll be working in the game section of our department. So why don't you come on Monday? M：OK. (Text 9) M：Hi, Susan.How are you? I've been wondering when I'd run into you.What are you busy with? W：Nice to meet you here, Jack. I'm buying some New Year gifts for those who work with me，⑭ but it's really a headache. M：Maybe I could give you some advice.Firstly, you'd better divide them into different groups.Who are the people that are your friends as well as your workmates? And who are the people that you do not know well but you see pretty much daily? W：OK.Then what should I do? M：For the friends, you want to give them personal gifts.Do they like chocolate? W：This is what I always give. But I know Mary is on a diet.⑮ M：Does she like fruit or coffee? Anyway, think of a gift that you know your friend likes. W：Well, I think fruit is helpful to keep fit.How about the rest of them? M：Leave cards in their mailboxes or on their desks. W：New Year cards? M：Yes.You can afford that.More importantly, it shows them that you are thinking of them. W：Thank you for your suggestion, Jack.You really have saved me, and my money as well！⑯ (Text 10) Congratulations，everybody. Welcome to our university. The starting of the university can be exciting on the one hand，and can also be worrying on the other.⑰No matter how you are going to learn，you have to make plans.In the first few months，spend some time walking around the university and find out what it is like.Do your best to get used to the life here and get to know your professors and classmates.Trying to understand what our university expects of you will help you to become clear about your own goals.⑱During this time you have of course to study hard to pass the exams.But what's more important for you is to put some energy into learning how to learn.⑳ Thinking about what you want from the university and how you can reach your goals.You should have some difficulties in your studies and learning is not always a pleasant journey.Some of you may find your studies are not exciting and are thinking of stopping learning.In this case，just think it over before you make the decision.For learning is so important that it will change your future life.⑲ Our university can answer your real learning if you can make up your mind to go through with it.This is what I like to say to you at the moment. If you still have any questions，please come to my office.Thank you. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Frugal (节俭的) living might seem boring on a tight budget, but it can be fun.Check out some TV shows that can give you unique insights into creating a more manageable budget. Eat Well for Less It is a UK reality show that helps families on a budget by improving their eating and cooking habits.The hosts visit families, observe their grocery shopping, and then offer advice on reducing weekly food costs.They clear up misunderstanding about food, teach how to reduce waste, and suggest healthier, budget-friendly meals. Living Smaller It offers insights into maximizing space in limited areas.You'll see how others have creatively improved their tiny homes, built budget-friendly yet exceptionally functional spaces, created renting opportunities, and more.It gives a view into how you can enjoy your small space better or save money by reducing your space. The Minimalist: Less Is Now It is a documentary that shows how you can enjoy your life with less.The show will offer great suggestions on tidying your home and changing your spending mindset (思维模式).If you don't know how to start, begin with your closet: get rid of clothes that are worn and torn, sell some clothes for profit, and limit your shopping budget to avoid getting back into your old habits. Get Smart with Money It's a short documentary-style movie which is filled with valuable suggestions you won't find in many popular reality TV shows.People facing financial (财务的)difficulties are introduced to well-known economic advisers throughout the year.Each story is unique yet connects with the audience, and you'll want to remember each piece of financial advice offered in the movie. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四部电视节目，这些节目为观众提供了关于如何在预算有限的情况下过上更加节俭、有趣的生活的实用建议。 21．Which show is related to clearing up your living space? A．Eat Well for Less. B．Living Smaller. C．The Minimalist: Less Is Now. D．Get Smart with Money. C　解析：细节理解题。根据The Minimalist: Less Is Now部分中的“The show will...spending mindset.”可知，《极简主义者：简单就是潮》节目会提供清理生活空间的建议。 22．What is special about Get Smart with Money? A．It clarifies some confusion on food. B．It promotes budget-friendly products. C．It tracks people's daily spending habits. D．It features the sharing of financial experts. D　解析：细节理解题。根据Get Smart with Money部分中的“People facing financial difficulties...economic advisers throughout the year.”可知，《聪明生活经济学》节目以金融专家的分享为特点。 23．What are the shows mainly about? A．Hobbies to kill time. B．Tips on economical living. C．Ideas about having fun. D．Ways to live a quality life. B　解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Check out...manageable budget.”可知，文章主要介绍了四部与节俭生活相关的电视节目，即这些节目主要是关于经济生活的建议。 B One of the world's rarest birds, the greater adjutant stork (大秃鹳), known locally as the Hargila, was once considered “a disease carrier” and “ugly” by the villagers in Assam who would destroy their nests.Dr Purnima Devi Barman, an Indian wildlife biologist, has been committed to protecting the endangered birds and changing the opinion of villagers. Barman's love of animals started at age five while she lived with her grandparents by the Brahmaputra River, where she often encountered all sorts of birds coming to the fields and wetlands. Recalling one of the moments that changed her life, Barman said that while she was doing her PhD paper on the greater adjutant stork, she got a call telling her that a villager had cut the nest-tree of adjutant storks and nine chicks fell down.When she communicated with the villager and his neighbours, she was shouted at and laughed at.“The villager was so angry at me for rescuing the birds.One of his neighbours said that ‘we cannot keep it in our backyard.It makes our area very dirty and smelly’，” Barman recalled.But with her tireless effort, she managed to change his views and the villager joined her in protecting the birds. “After that, I experienced the power of the community and decided to make use of it for stork conservation，” Barman added.She then started the Hargila Army of villagers, especially the network of thousands of families across villages who traveled door to door with her in spreading awareness and educating people about stork conservation. “Initially women hesitated to come out and volunteer.But one day, I organized a cooking contest and scores of people participated and that's how all our gatherings revolved (围绕) around stork conservation and restoring their ecosystem.Slowly and gradually, we increased the network, and now we are saving many other endangered species，” Barman said. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了印度野生生物学家普尔尼玛·德维·巴曼博士保护大秃鹳的故事。 24．What has led to the decrease of the storks in Assam? A．The attack of diseases. B．High demand for wood. C．Villagers' negative attitude. D．Ignorance of their situation. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“One of the world's rarest birds...destroy their nests.”可知，村民的消极态度导致了大秃鹳的减少。 25．What drove Barman to found the Hargila Army of villagers? A．Her bird-watching experience. B．Her PhD study on the bird. C．Her effort to prevent tree cutting. D．Her communication with a villager. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When she communicated with the villager...protecting the birds.”和第四段中的“After that...for stork conservation”可推知，和一个村民的交流驱使巴曼成立了“哈吉拉村民军”。 26．How did Barman involve women at first? A．By visiting them door to door. B．By organizing a cooking contest. C．By giving away food to them. D．By hosting voluntary activities. B　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I organized a cooking contest...restoring their ecosystem”可知，巴曼一开始通过组织烹饪比赛让女人参与进来。 27．What can we learn about Barman from her deeds? A．She strives to preserve wildlife. B．She values diverse views. C．She prioritises academic education. D．She cares about villagers' welfare. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Dr Purnima Devi Barman, an Indian wildlife biologist...opinion of villagers.”和倒数第二段中的“She then started...stork conservation.”可知，巴曼努力保护野生动物。 C Some Virginia Tech researchers have developed a new method for upcycling plastics into high-value chemicals to create soaps, cleaners, and more. Plastics and soaps seemingly have little in common, but there is a surprising connection between the two on a molecular (分子的) level: The chemical structure of polyethylene—one of the most commonly used plastics—is strikingly similar to that of a fatty acid, which is used in making soap.Guoliang Liu, an associate professor of chemistry at Virginia Tech, believed the similarity meant polyethylene could be turned into fatty acids and eventually soap with a few extra steps.The challenge was how to break a long polyethylene chain (链) into many short—but not too short—chains and how to do it efficiently. Liu, along with two PhD chemistry students Zhen Xu and Eric Munyaneza, built a small, oven-like reactor where they could heat polyethylene.The lower part of the reactor reaches a high temperature to break the long chains, while the upper part is cooled to a low enough temperature to prevent further breakdown.After that, they gathered the leftover and found that Liu's assumption had been right: It was composed of “short-chain polyethylene”， or more precisely, waxes (蜡).This was the first step in developing a method for upcycling plastics into soap. One of the exciting features of Liu's new upcycling method is that it can be used on both polyethylene and polypropylene, meaning that it's not necessary to separate the two plastics from each other.This is a major advantage over some recycling methods used today.The upcycling technique also requires only plastic and heat, making it cost-effective with minimal environmental impact. Liu advised being careful, though.This method is just one part of a larger solution to the global plastic pollution crisis and a joint effort is needed between the research and industrial communities.“The best way to avoid plastic pollution is to minimise the use of plastics，” said Liu. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了弗吉尼亚理工大学的研究人员开发的一种将塑料升级转化为高价值化学品，用以制造肥皂、清洁剂等东西的新方法。 28．What is the main purpose of paragraph 2? A．To stress the challenge. B．To explain the process. C．To present the significance. D．To introduce the assumption. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，本段主要介绍了刘国梁教授的一个假设，即聚乙烯可以转化为脂肪酸，最终转化为肥皂。 29．How does the upcycling process work? A．By heating plastics intensively. B．By mixing a chemical with plastics. C．By breaking down plastics in a reactor. D．By collecting the leftover to make waxes. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Liu, along with...could heat polyethylene.The lower part of the reactor...to prevent further breakdown.”可知，升级转化过程是通过在反应器中分解塑料来进行的。 30．What makes this upcycling method stand out? A．Simple processing. B．Zero-waste practice. C．Potential market value. D．Low-energy consumption. A　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“One of the exciting features...from each other.”和“The upcycling technique also requires only plastic and heat”可推知，这种升级转化方法的突出之处在于其加工过程简单。 31．What is the best title for this passage? A．Plastic Waste, Precious Products B．From Waste to Wash C．Fighting Pollution with Innovation D．Saying No to Plastics B　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种将塑料废物转化为洗涤用品的新方法。因此，B项最适合作文章标题。 D A new study examines possible harm caused by microscopic pieces of plastic that end up inside people's bodies.These materials—known as microplastics and nanoplastics—can enter the body through the air or in food or drinks. One new study suggests the buildup of such plastics inside the body can increase the risk of a stroke, heart attack or death.But the researchers noted the evidence presented cannot prove a direct link between tiny plastic materials and heart problems. The study involved 257 people who had medical operations to clear blocked blood vessels(血管) in their necks.Italian researchers examined the fatty buildup the doctors removed from the carotid arteries, which supply blood and oxygen to the brain.Using two methods, they found evidence of plastics—mostly nanoplastics that cannot be seen—in the artery plaque (动脉斑块) of 150 patients.No evidence of plastics was seen in 107 patients. The team followed these people for three years.During that time, 30 individuals, or 20 percent of the group with plastics, had a heart attack, stroke, or died from any cause.These rates dropped to about eight percent among those with no evidence of plastics.Research results were recently published in a study in the New England Journal of Medicine. The researchers admitted their study was very small.For example, it only looked at people with narrowed arteries who were already at risk for heart attacks and stroke. Steve Nissen is a heart expert at the Cleveland Clinic in the state of Ohio who was not part of the study.He told the Associated Press he thinks the team's estimate that the risk of heart attack, stroke or death was four times greater seems too high.“It would mean that these microplastics are the most important cause of coronary heart disease (冠心病) yet discovered.And I just don't think that's likely to be right，” Nissen said.“Maybe, it's just a wake-up call that perhaps we need to take the problem of microplastics more seriously，” Nissen added. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。一项新的科学研究表明人体内积累的微塑料可能增加中风、心脏病发作或死亡的风险。 32．How did the researchers carry out their study? A．By doing online surveys. B．By interviewing participants. C．By comparing with former experiments. D.By conducting experiments and analyzing data. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容和第四段中的“During that time, 30 individuals...those with no evidence of plastics.”可知，研究人员通过做实验和分析数据进行研究。 33．What did the team find about the 150 patients? A．They were in good health before the study. B．No evidence of plastics were found in them. C．20 percent of them died from heart attacks. D.They developed many more health problems than the 107 patients. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Using two methods...plastics was seen in 107 patients.”和第四段中的“During that time, 30 individuals...or died from any cause.”可知，动脉斑块中发现了塑料的150个病人与没有发现塑料的107个病人相比，前者中出现了更多的健康问题。 34．What can be inferred from Nissen's words? A.There was no relationship between microplastics and heart diseases. B．We should pay more attention to the harm of microplastics to our body. C．The result proved a direct link between tiny plastic materials and heart problems. D．The result was inaccurate because they only looked at people with narrowed arteries. B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Maybe, it's just a wake-up call...microplastics more seriously”可知，我们应该更多地关注微塑料可能对我们的健康造成的伤害。 35．Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A．Tiny Plastic Materials—Harmful to Our Body? B．Tiny Plastic Materials—Exist in Our Body? C．Tiny Plastic Materials—A Leading Cause of Our Health D．Tiny Plastic Materials—A Direct Reason for Heart Diseases A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了一项关于微塑料在人体内积累可能带来的危害的研究，这些危害包括增加中风、心脏病发作或死亡的风险。因此，A项最适合作为文章标题。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Imagine that you are feeling down and inadequate.Someone who loves you wants to help by saying something really comforting.How about “You're perfect just the way you are”？ That sounds nice! 36. The truth is that you are not perfect, and neither is anyone else. We humans have a natural tendency to overstate our positive qualities, and compare ourselves favorably with others.37. And it gives rise to all sorts of misrepresentations in how we see ourselves and the world around us.For example, back in the 1980s, researchers showed that up to 80 percent of motorists considered themselves to have above-average driving skills. 38． It acts as shelter from the mental pain that comes from negative comparisons with others.Being told that you're wonderful, even perfect, meets your need of self-enhancement. Although self-enhancement feels good in the short term, it is not a long-term solution to life's problems.For instance, researchers showed that when college students held an overestimated view of their own academic ability, it enhanced their mood and positive emotion.39. In fact, the students tended to fail at their academic expectations, and that in part led to lower self-respect over the long term. So we face a dilemma in life: we want to feel better and make others feel better, but people's tendency to do so through self-enhancement is a short-lived solution with possibly enduring ultimate costs.A better approach might be to reconsider our imperfections, and those of others, not as shortcomings but as interesting challenges to overcome.40. A．It helps us to avoid negative feedback. B．This is what we call self-enhancement. C．One reason for this tendency is its protective function. D．Being told you're perfect can make you feel good temporarily. E．After all, if you're already perfect, what is there left to fight for? F．This, however, may be the most misleading thing that people tell us. G．But the overestimation did not translate into better academic performance. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了自我提升现象，以及这种现象虽然短期内让人感觉良好，但并非解决问题的长久之计，更好的方法是正视不完美，将其视为有待克服的有趣挑战。 36．F　解析：上文提出了一句听起来很不错的安慰话，F项与上文构成转折关系，指出这句话可能是最误导人的，引出下文对“没有人是完美的”这一事实的讨论，符合语境。 37．B　解析：上文描述了人类的一种自然倾向，B项对上文进行总结，指出这种倾向就是“自我提升”，且下文“And it gives rise to...the world around us.”中的指示代词“it”指代B项中的“self-enhancement”。 38．C　解析：下文指出某种东西可以保护我们免受精神痛苦，C项中的“protective function”与下文“shelter from the mental pain”相对应，说明自我提升具有保护功能，可以让我们免受精神痛苦，符合语境。 39．G　解析：上文举例说明自我提升在短期内让人感觉良好，G项与上文构成转折关系，指出自我提升并不能带来更好的学术表现，引出下文对学生未能达到学术期望的讨论，符合语境。 40．E　解析：上文提出了一种更好的方法，即正视不完美并将其视为挑战，E项强调了正视不完美的重要性，与上文观点相呼应。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 At forty-one years old, I still stutter (口吃).I'm fine with it now but that wasn't always the 41 ．It wasn't too difficult the first couple of years of school.In fact, I don't recall being 42 at all, although there was a great deal of curiosity about my 43 speech. A few years later, I began to dislike being different.I felt that I 44 for all the wrong reasons.Just 45 the pain of not even being able to say your own name, I would often give 46 names when meeting new people.It was 47 for me to be Jason or Mike, Chris or Kevin. Sometime in eighth grade my 48 changed.I turned what I'd always perceived as a negative into a positive.I finally 49 that difference and ran with it. 50 waiting in fear for the teacher to 51 my name, I raised my hand when I knew the answer.I became a stuttering man who now speaks for a 52 ．Self-acceptance continues to be essential in the success I've experienced as a speaker.My only 53 is that it didn't happen sooner. It's never easy to be a kid.It's especially 54 when you're different, but it doesn't have to be.The time to accept your 55 is now. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候因为口吃而备受困扰，但随着时间的推移，他学会了接纳自己的不同，从容面对，也因此获得了成功的故事。 41．A.target　　　　　 B．reason C．case D．match C　解析：根据上文“I'm fine with it now”和转折词but可知，此处指过去情况(case)并非总是如此。 42．A.made use of B．taken hold of C．taken care of D．made fun of D　解析：根据上文“At forty-one years old, I still stutter.”和“It wasn't too difficult the first couple of years of school.”可推知，作者在上学的时候，没有被嘲笑(make fun of)过。 43．A.abnormal B．long C．informal D．chosen A　解析：根据上文stutter以及常识可知，作者言语异常(abnormal)。 44．A.gave away B．calmed down C．stood out D．stayed up C　解析：根据上文“A few years later, I began to dislike being different.”和下文“for all the wrong reasons”可知，作者觉得自己总是以错误原因突出(stand out)。 45．A.imagine B．avoid C．predict D．record A　解析：根据下文“the pain of not even being able to say your own name”可知，此处是作者让读者想象(imagine)这种痛苦。 46．A.similar B．false C．official D．personal B　解析：根据上文“the pain of not even being able to say your own name”及下文“It was...be Jason or Mike, Chris or Kevin.”可知，作者经常给出假的(false)名字。 47．A.different B．common C．important D．strange B　解析：根据“I would often...or Kevin”可知，作者频繁使用假名，这种做法成了常见的(common)事。 48．A.duty B．problem C．identity D．attitude D　解析：根据下文“I turned what I'd always perceived as a negative into a positive.”可知，作者的态度(attitude)转变了。 49．A.repeated B．simplified C．accepted D．spotted C　解析：根据下文ran with it和Self-acceptance可知，作者接受(accept)了不同。 50．A.Instead of B．Due to C．In relation to D．In return for A　解析：根据下文“I raised my hand when I knew the answer”可知，作者主动举手而不是(instead of)在恐惧中等待老师叫(call)自己的名字。 51．A.type B．change C．call D．spell C　解析：参见上题解析。 52．A.family B．promise C．praise D．living D　解析：根据下文“Self-acceptance continues...a speaker.”可知，作者靠说话谋生(living)。 53．A.request B．regret C．decision D．explanation B　解析：根据下文“it didn't happen sooner”可知，作者遗憾(regret)没有早点接纳自我。 54．A.natural B．beneficial C．essential D．tough D　解析：根据下文“when you're different”和常识可知，与众不同更让人感到困难(tough)。 55．A.ignorance B．uniqueness C．task D．mistake B　解析：通读全文可知，作者接纳了自己的不同，从容面对，并取得成功，因此，此处指接受自己的独特性(uniqueness)。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分) 阅读下面的短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The ancient Silk Road was an essential network promoting the exchange of a wide variety of goods, including fruits, vegetables, and culinary (烹饪的) traditions.These 56. (exchange) have been deeply rooted in our cultures.A typical example is the Shaanxi dish, niurou paomo, 57. is a kind of beef or lamb stew (炖的菜) served with a special kind of bread.As was pointed out, the meats central to this dish 58. (import) from Western Asia around 4，500 years ago. The Silk Road's influence extends 59. China, as evidenced by the ongoing debate over the origins of pasta (意大利面食).Some owe the Italian dish's beginnings to noodles that Marco Polo carried from China.60. this tale is factual or not, it underlines the “spirit of the Silk Road” and suggests that people around the world share a common desire for flavorful and 61. (satisfy) food. This shared culinary tradition is a 62. (remind) that we are all part of one global community.Our basic needs 63. (range) from the need for nutrition to the joy of sharing meals are universal.The Silk Road was not only a trade route but a channel for the sharing of tastes and the mixture of flavors, 64. (produce) a rich culinary combination enriching our lives today.It shows that while we may come from different places, our tastes can link us 65. our love for food can overcome the gaps between cultures. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古代丝绸之路的影响不仅限于中国，还体现在全球对美食的共同追求上。 56．exchanges　解析：考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处应填名词作主语，exchange意为“交流”，为可数名词，These后应用复数形式。 57．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词niurou paomo，且在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导。 58．were imported　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处为主句谓语，主语the meats与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据下文“around 4，500 years ago”可知，空处应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语为复数名词，be动词用were。 59．beyond　解析：考查介词。根据句意可知，此处指丝绸之路的影响超出了中国，用介词beyond表示“超出”。 60．Whether　解析：考查连词。根据下文or not可知，此处为固定句型whether...or not，意为“是否”。空处位于句首，首字母应大写。 61．satisfying/satisfactory　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词food，应用satisfying或satisfactory，意为“令人满意的”。 62．reminder　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处应填名词作表语，reminder意为“提醒物，提示”，此处为单数意义，应用原形。 63．ranging　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词。range与逻辑主语needs之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。 64．producing　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词，produce与逻辑主语The Silk Road之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。 65．and　解析：考查连词。根据上下文语境可知，此处为并列关系，应用连词and。 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华，在主题为“未来科技对生活的影响”的班会中，老师邀请你到讲台上发言，请你根据以下要点用英语写一篇发言稿。要点包括： 1．未来科技在生活环境方面的影响，如智能家居让生活更舒适、环保； 2．未来科技在工作方式上的改变，如远程办公、智能办公系统提高效率； 3．未来科技对休闲娱乐的革新，如虚拟现实和增强现实技术带来全新体验； 4．总结未来科技对生活的重要性。 注意：写作词数应为80个左右。 参考词汇：虚拟现实(virtual reality)；增强现实(augmented reality) One possible version： Dear teacher and classmates， I'm very glad to make a speech here in class! This time I'd like to talk about something about the impact of future technology on life. With the rapid development of science and technology, our future life is bound to undergo tremendous changes.Our homes will become more intelligent and energy-efficient.Remote working will become more common, allowing people to work from anywhere in the world.When it comes to leisure and entertainment, virtual reality and augmented reality technologies will bring us brand-new experiences. In conclusion, future technology will not only make our lives more convenient, comfortable, and efficient but also open up new possibilities.Thank you for your listening. 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I wrote my first poem.My mother read the little poem and began to cry out, “Buddy, I can't believe it.What a wonderful poem！” My eyes twinkled when she poured out her praise.“What time will Dad be home？” I asked.I could hardly wait to show him, expecting the praise from an editor of Times. I spent the best part of that afternoon preparing for his arrival.First, I wrote the poem out to the best of my ability.Then I drew pictures to match this greatest poem.As seven o'clock drew near, I confidently placed it on my father's plate on the dining room table, waiting for him to appreciate this wonderful poem of mine. That evening when my father burst in, his mood seemed even more thunderous than usual.An hour late for dinner, he did not sit down but circled the long dining room table with a drink in his hand, complaining non-stop about his employees.Under my steady stare, he paused and glared at his plate.There was an awful silence.“What's this？” he reached for the paper and read it.Then he dropped the poem back on the table, saying, “Awful！” My eyes were getting wet. “Ben, Buddy is just a little boy.These are the first lines of poetry he's ever produced.He needs encouragement，” my mother said.But my father disagreed, “Isn't there enough terrible poetry in the world already? No law says Buddy has to become a poet.” They quarreled over it.I couldn't stand it another second.I ran from the dining room, crying.A sad story, but you know, the family wounds healed (痊愈).My mother began talking to my father again.I even began writing poems again, though I seldom exposed them to my father. 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 One day in my senior high school, my teacher Mrs.Brown advised me to take part in a poetry contest. After the success, I came to understand the true meaning of “awful”． One possible version： One day in my senior high school, my teacher Mrs.Brown advised me to take part in a poetry contest.My first reaction was to refuse, with the word “awful” ringing in my ears.Sensing my hesitation, Mrs.Brown said, “It's a chance to prove yourself to others, isn't it？”“Yes, maybe my father，” I thought.In the next few weeks, I buried myself in writing, though.The moment I finished my poem, I gathered the courage to present it to my father, wondering what response I might receive.Reading quickly, he said another “awful” as expected.Suddenly, I heard the most beautiful voice, “Make it brief！” Quickly, I did so.The revised version earned me a grand prize. After the success, I came to understand the true meaning of “awful”．My father's “awful” probably meant the high expectations he had of me instead of sharp criticism.From then on, I chose to seek further improvement in whatever I did.There was no doubt that my mother's praise could cheer me up and boost my confidence, but it was the discouraging word “awful” that stimulated my potential and pushed me out of comfort zone.The two conflicting voices were just like two opposing winds leading me towards perfection. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $