备考清单01：高考英语高阶易错易混淆词汇对照背诵表（考前清单）（上海专用）2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲练测

01：高考英语高阶易错易混淆词汇对照背诵表（精选100组） 说明：本文档精选了100组上海高考英语核心易混淆词汇，在确保主体为高考重点范围的同时，合理融入了少量标注的大学四级词汇，旨在提升词汇学习的深度与广度。通过表格化对比呈现音标、词性、精准释义及典型例句，帮助考生系统辨析形近、音近、义近词，有效规避阅读和写作中的高频错误。适用于上海高考考生进行考前冲刺复习、日常词汇深度积累及写作表达的精准度提升。亮点在于词汇筛选针对性强，例句贴合高考语境，便于理解、记忆和直接应用。 序号 词汇A (音标/词性) 释义 词汇B (音标/词性) 释义 例句对比 1 assemble /əˈsembl/ (v.) 集合，组装；召集 resemble /rɪˈzembl/ (v.) 像，与……相似 A: It took us two hours to assemble the new bookshelf. B: She closely resembles her mother in appearance and character. 2 roar /rɔː(r)/ (v./n.) 咆哮，轰鸣；吼叫 soar /sɔː(r)/ (v.) 高飞，翱翔；骤升 A: The lion let out a mighty roar across the savannah. B: Eagles soar high above the mountains, searching for prey. 3 complement /ˈkɒmplɪment/ (v./n.) 补充，使完美；补充物 compliment /ˈkɒmplɪment/ (v./n.) 称赞，恭维 A: The wine complements the cheese perfectly. B: She received many compliments on her elegant speech. 4 revise /rɪˈvaɪz/ (v.) 修订，修改；复习 devise /dɪˈvaɪz/ (v.) 设计，发明；策划 A: You need to revise your essay before submitting it. B: Engineers devised a clever solution to the problem. 5 abroad /əˈbrɔːd/ (adv.) 在国外，到国外 aboard /əˈbɔːd/ (adv./prep.) 在（船、飞机、车）上 A: She plans to study abroad next year. B: Welcome aboard the flight to Shanghai. 6 accept /əkˈsept/ (v.) 接受，同意 except /ɪkˈsept/ (prep./conj.) 除了……之外 A: I gladly accept your invitation. B: Everyone is here except Tom. 7 access /ˈækses/ (n./v.) 通道；使用权；访问 assess /əˈses/ (v.) 评估，评定 A: Students have free access to the library. B: The teacher will assess our projects next week. 8 adapt /əˈdæpt/ (v.) (使)适应；改编 adopt /əˈdɒpt/ (v.) 采用；收养 A: It’s hard to adapt to a new climate quickly. B: The company decided to adopt a new strategy. 9 affect /əˈfekt/ (v.) 影响；感动 effect /ɪˈfekt/ (n.) 效果，影响 A: Lack of sleep can affect your health. B: The new law had an immediate effect. 10 aloud /əˈlaʊd/ (adv.) 出声地，大声地 allowed /əˈlaʊd/ (v.) (allow的过去式)允许 A: Please read the text aloud. B: Photography was not allowed in the museum. 11 altitude /ˈæltɪtjuːd/ (n.) 海拔，高度 attitude /ˈætɪtjuːd/ (n.) 态度 A: The plane flew at a high altitude. B: A positive attitude is key to success. 12 angel /ˈeɪndʒl/ (n.) 天使 angle /ˈæŋɡl/ (n.) 角度；观点 A: The child looked like a little angel. B: Consider the problem from a different angle. 13 ascent /əˈsent/ (n.) 上升，攀登 assent /əˈsent/ (n./v.) 同意，赞成 A: The ascent to the mountain peak was tough. B: He nodded in assent to the proposal. 14 assure /əˈʃʊə(r)/ (v.) 向……保证，使确信 ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/ (v.) 确保，保证 A: I assure you that everything is under control. B: Please ensure all doors are locked. 15 award /əˈwɔːd/ (n./v.) 奖品；授予 reward /rɪˈwɔːd/ (n./v.) 报酬，奖赏；酬谢 A: She won the top award in the competition. B: Hard work often brings its own reward. 16 bare /beə(r)/ (adj.) 裸露的，光秃的 bear /beə(r)/ (v.) 忍受；承担 A: The trees were bare in winter. B: I can’t bear the noise any longer. 17 beside /bɪˈsaɪd/ (prep.) 在……旁边 besides /bɪˈsaɪdz/ (prep./adv.) 除……之外（还） A: Sit beside me. B: Besides English, she speaks French. 18 breath /breθ/ (n.) 呼吸，气息 breathe /briːð/ (v.) 呼吸 A: He took a deep breath. B: It’s hard to breathe in this smoky room. 19 capital /ˈkæpɪtl/ (n.) 首都；资金；大写字母 capitol /ˈkæpɪtl/ (n.) (美国)州议会大厦 A: Beijing is the capital of China. B: The protest was held at the state capitol. 20 casual /ˈkæʒuəl/ (adj.) 偶然的；非正式的 causal /ˈkɔːzl/ (adj.) 因果关系的 A: He wore casual clothes to the party. B: Scientists are studying the causal link. 21 cite /saɪt/ (v.) 引用，引证 site /saɪt/ (n.) 地点，场所 A: You must cite your sources in the essay. B: This is the historical site of the battle. 22 clash /klæʃ/ (v./n.) 冲突；撞击声 crash /kræʃ/ (v./n.) (使)撞击，坠毁 A: Their opinions clashed during the meeting. B: The car crashed into a tree. 23 coarse /kɔːs/ (adj.) 粗糙的；粗俗的 course /kɔːs/ (n.) 课程；过程；一道菜 A: The coarse sand scratched my feet. B: I’m taking a course in computer science. 24 collaborate /kəˈlæbəreɪt/ (v.) 合作，协作 corroborate /kəˈrɒbəreɪt/ (v.) (四级) 证实，确证 A: The two teams collaborated on the project. B: New evidence corroborated his story. 25 command /kəˈmɑːnd/ (v./n.) 命令；指挥；掌握 commend /kəˈmend/ (v.) 称赞，推荐 A: The officer commanded his troops to advance. B: I must commend you for your bravery. 26 comprehensible /ˌkɒmprɪˈhensəbl/ (adj.) 可理解的 comprehensive /ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv/ (adj.) 全面的，综合的 A: His explanation was clear and comprehensible. B: We need a comprehensive plan. 27 conscience /ˈkɒnʃəns/ (n.) 良心，道德心 conscious /ˈkɒnʃəs/ (adj.) 有意识的；神志清醒的 A: A guilty conscience troubled him. B: The patient was conscious after the surgery. 28 considerable /kənˈsɪdərəbl/ (adj.) 相当大（或多）的 considerate /kənˈsɪdərət/ (adj.) 体贴的，考虑周到的 A: The project required a considerable amount of time. B: It was very considerate of you to help. 29 continual /kənˈtɪnjuəl/ (adj.) 频繁的，一再发生的（有间断） continuous /kənˈtɪnjuəs/ (adj.) 连续的，不间断的（无间断） A: We face continual interruptions at work. B: The continuous rain flooded the streets. 30 council /ˈkaʊnsl/ (n.) 委员会，理事会 counsel /ˈkaʊnsl/ (n./v.) 劝告，建议；律师 A: The city council will meet tomorrow. B: The teacher offered wise counsel. 31 credible /ˈkredəbl/ (adj.) 可信的，可靠的 credulous /ˈkredjələs/ (adj.) (四级) 轻信的，易受骗的 A: He is a credible witness. B: Credulous people are easily fooled by scams. 32 dairy /ˈdeəri/ (n.) 牛奶场；乳品店 diary /ˈdaɪəri/ (n.) 日记 A: We buy milk from the local dairy. B: She keeps a diary to record her thoughts. 33 decent /ˈdiːsnt/ (adj.) 得体的，像样的；相当好的 descent /dɪˈsent/ (n.) 下降，降落；血统 A: Everyone deserves decent living conditions. B: The plane began its descent for landing. 34 defer /dɪˈfɜː(r)/ (v.) (四级) 推迟，延期；遵从 deter /dɪˈtɜː(r)/ (v.) 阻止，威慑 A: The meeting was deferred until next week. B: High prices may deter some buyers. 35 definite /ˈdefɪnət/ (adj.) 明确的，确切的 definitive /dɪˈfɪnətɪv/ (adj.) (四级) 决定性的，权威的；最终的 A: We need a definite answer by Friday. B: This is the definitive guide to the subject. 36 depreciate /dɪˈpriːʃieɪt/ (v.) (四级) 贬值，跌价 deprecate /ˈdeprəkeɪt/ (v.) (四级) 不赞成，反对；贬低 A: The car depreciated in value quickly. B: He deprecated the use of violence. 37 desert /ˈdezət/ (n.) /dɪˈzɜːt/ (v.) 沙漠；抛弃 dessert /dɪˈzɜːt/ (n.) (餐后)甜点 A: The Sahara Desert is vast. B: We had ice cream for dessert. 38 device /dɪˈvaɪs/ (n.) 装置，设备；手段 devise /dɪˈvaɪz/ (v.) 设计，发明；策划 A: This electronic device is very useful. B: They devised a clever plan to escape. 39 discreet /dɪˈskriːt/ (adj.) (四级) 谨慎的，慎重的 discrete /dɪˈskriːt/ (adj.) (四级) 分离的，互不关联的 A: Please be discreet about this matter. B: The report is divided into discrete sections. 40 disinterested /dɪsˈɪntrəstɪd/ (adj.) 公正的，无私的 uninterested /ʌnˈɪntrəstɪd/ (adj.) 不感兴趣的，漠不关心的 A: We need a disinterested judge. B: He seemed uninterested in the movie. 41 drought /draʊt/ (n.) 干旱，旱灾 draught /drɑːft/ (n.) (英式) 通风；气流；一饮 A: The crops failed due to the severe drought. B: I felt a cold draught from the window. 42 economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ (adj.) 经济（上）的；经济学的 economical /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkl/ (adj.) 节约的，省钱的 A: The country faces economic challenges. B: This car is very economical on fuel. 43 effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ (adj.) 有效的，生效的 efficient /ɪˈfɪʃnt/ (adj.) 效率高的，有能力的 A: The medicine is effective against the virus. B: The new system is more efficient. 44 elder /ˈeldə(r)/ (adj./n.) 年长的（尤指家庭成员间）；长辈 older /ˈəʊldə(r)/ (adj.) 年龄更大的（通用比较级） A: My elder sister is a teacher. B: This building is older than that one. 45 elicit /iˈlɪsɪt/ (v.) (四级) 引出，诱出（反应、信息） illicit /ɪˈlɪsɪt/ (adj.) (四级) 非法的，违禁的 A: The joke elicited laughter from the crowd. B: The police cracked down on illicit trade. 46 eligible /ˈelɪdʒəbl/ (adj.) (四级) 有资格的，合格的 illegible /ɪˈledʒəbl/ (adj.) (四级) 难以辨认的，字迹模糊的 A: Are you eligible to vote? B: His handwriting is completely illegible. 47 emigrate /ˈemɪɡreɪt/ (v.) (从本国)移居外国 immigrate /ˈɪmɪɡreɪt/ (v.) (从外国)移入，移民 A: They decided to emigrate to Canada. B: Many people dream of immigrating to the US. 48 eminent /ˈemɪnənt/ (adj.) (四级) 著名的，杰出的 imminent /ˈɪmɪnənt/ (adj.) (四级) 即将发生的，迫近的 A: An eminent scientist gave the lecture. B: A storm is imminent. 49 envelop /ɪnˈveləp/ (v.) 包裹，笼罩 envelope /ˈenvələʊp/ (n.) 信封 A: Fog began to envelop the hills. B: Put the letter in an envelope. 50 expand /ɪkˈspænd/ (v.) 扩大，扩展；膨胀 expend /ɪkˈspend/ (v.) (四级) 花费，消耗（金钱、时间、精力） A: The company plans to expand its business. B: We should not expend all our energy on this. 51 explicit /ɪkˈsplɪsɪt/ (adj.) (四级) 明确的，详述的；直言的 implicit /ɪmˈplɪsɪt/ (adj.) (四级) 含蓄的；内含的，固有的 A: He gave explicit instructions. B: There was an implicit understanding between them. 52 extinct /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/ (adj.) 灭绝的；熄灭的 extinct 的动词形式是 extinguish /ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/ (v.) 熄灭；扑灭；使消亡 A: Dinosaurs are extinct. B: Firefighters extinguished the blaze. 53 fair /feə(r)/ (adj./n.) 公平的；集市；博览会 fare /feə(r)/ (n.) (车、船、飞机)票价；食物 A: It’s not fair! B: The bus fare has increased. 54 farther /ˈfɑːðə(r)/ (adv./adj.) (距离上)更远地 further /ˈfɜːðə(r)/ (adv./adj./v.) (程度、数量上)进一步；促进 A: We can’t walk any farther. B: We need to discuss this further. 55 formally /ˈfɔːməli/ (adv.) 正式地 formerly /ˈfɔːməli/ (adv.) 以前，从前 A: He was formally introduced to the president. B: This area was formerly a factory. 56 historic /hɪˈstɒrɪk/ (adj.) 历史上著名的，有历史意义的 historical /hɪˈstɒrɪkl/ (adj.) 历史的，有关历史的；历史上的 A: It was a historic moment for the nation. B: The novel is based on historical events. 57 hospitality /ˌhɒspɪˈtæləti/ (n.) 好客，殷勤 hostility /hɒˈstɪləti/ (n.) (四级) 敌意，敌对状态 A: Thank you for your hospitality. B: There was open hostility between the two groups. 58 imaginary /ɪˈmædʒɪnəri/ (adj.) 想象中的，虚构的 imaginative /ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv/ (adj.) 富有想象力的 A: The child has an imaginary friend. B: She is an imaginative writer. 59 imply /ɪmˈplaɪ/ (v.) 暗示，意指 infer /ɪnˈfɜː(r)/ (v.) 推断，推论 A: His silence implied agreement. B: From his smile, I inferred he was pleased. 60 industrial /ɪnˈdʌstriəl/ (adj.) 工业的，产业的 industrious /ɪnˈdʌstriəs/ (adj.) 勤奋的，勤劳的 A: This is an industrial city. B: She is an industrious student. 61 ingenious /ɪnˈdʒiːniəs/ (adj.) (四级) 巧妙的，有独创性的 ingenuous /ɪnˈdʒenjuəs/ (adj.) (四级) 坦率的，天真的 A: It was an ingenious solution. B: She gave an ingenuous answer. 62 intelligent /ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt/ (adj.) 聪明的，有智慧的 intelligible /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəbl/ (adj.) (四级) 可理解的，明白易懂的 A: He is an intelligent child. B: The speech was clear and intelligible. 63 intense /ɪnˈtens/ (adj.) 强烈的，剧烈的；紧张的 intensive /ɪnˈtensɪv/ (adj.) 加强的，集中的，密集的 A: She felt intense pain. B: He took an intensive English course. 64 later /ˈleɪtə(r)/ (adv.) 后来，稍后 latter /ˈlætə(r)/ (adj./n.) 后者的；后者 A: I’ll see you later. B: Of the two options, I prefer the latter. 65 lay /leɪ/ (v.) 放置；下（蛋）；铺设 lie /laɪ/ (v.) 躺；位于；说谎 A: Please lay the book on the table. B: I need to lie down and rest. 66 lightning /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/ (n.) 闪电 lightening /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/ (n.) 减轻，变亮 A: Lightning lit up the sky. B: There was a lightening of the mood. 67 loose /luːs/ (adj.) 松的，宽松的；不精确的 lose /luːz/ (v.) 丢失；输掉；迷失 A: The knot is loose. B: Don’t lose your keys. 68 luxuriant /lʌɡˈʒʊəriənt/ (adj.) (四级) (植物)茂盛的，浓密的 luxurious /lʌɡˈʒʊəriəs/ (adj.) 奢侈的，豪华的 A: The garden has luxuriant vegetation. B: They stayed in a luxurious hotel. 69 moral /ˈmɒrəl/ (adj./n.) 道德的；寓意 morale /məˈrɑːl/ (n.) 士气，精神面貌 A: The story has a clear moral. B: Winning boosted the team’s morale. 70 passed /pɑːst/ (v.) (pass的过去式)通过；传递 past /pɑːst/ (adj./n./prep.) 过去的；过去；经过 A: She passed the exam. B: In the past, life was simpler. 71 peace /piːs/ (n.) 和平；平静 piece /piːs/ (n.) 片，块，段；作品 A: We all wish for world peace. B: Would you like a piece of cake? 72 personal /ˈpɜːsənl/ (adj.) 个人的，私人的 personnel /ˌpɜːsəˈnel/ (n.) (总称)人员，员工；人事部门 A: This is my personal opinion. B: All personnel must attend the meeting. 73 perspective /pəˈspektɪv/ (n.) 视角，观点；透视图 prospective /prəˈspektɪv/ (adj.) (四级) 未来的，可能的；预期的 A: The book offers a new perspective. B: Prospective buyers toured the house. 74 practical /ˈpræktɪkl/ (adj.) 实际的，实用的；可行的 practicable /ˈpræktɪkəbl/ (adj.) (四级) 可实施的，行得通的 A: She has a lot of practical experience. B: Is the plan practicable? 75 precede /prɪˈsiːd/ (v.) (四级) 在……之前发生，先于 proceed /prəˈsiːd/ (v.) 继续进行，前进 A: A brief speech preceded the ceremony. B: Please proceed to the next checkpoint. 76 prescribe /prɪˈskraɪb/ (v.) 开（药方）；规定 proscribe /prəˈskraɪb/ (v.) (四级) 禁止，正式谴责 A: The doctor prescribed some medicine. B: The law proscribes such activities. 77 principal /ˈprɪnsəpl/ (adj./n.) 主要的，最重要的；校长；本金 principle /ˈprɪnsəpl/ (n.) 原则，原理；道义 A: Our principal concern is safety. B: He sticks to his principles. 78 quiet /ˈkwaɪət/ (adj.) 安静的，平静的 quite /kwaɪt/ (adv.) 相当，很；完全 A: Please be quiet in the library. B: It’s quite cold today. 79 raise /reɪz/ (v.) 举起；提高；抚养 rise /raɪz/ (v.) 上升；起床；增强 A: Raise your hand if you know the answer. B: The sun rises in the east. 80 respectively /rɪˈspektɪvli/ (adv.) 分别地，各自地 respectfully /rɪˈspektfəli/ (adv.) 恭敬地，尊敬地 A: Tom and Jerry are 10 and 12 respectively. B: He addressed the judge respectfully. 81 sensible /ˈsensəbl/ (adj.) 明智的，合理的；可觉察的 sensitive /ˈsensətɪv/ (adj.) 敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的 A: That’s a sensible decision. B: She is sensitive to criticism. 82 shear /ʃɪə(r)/ (v.) 剪（羊毛等）；切断 sheer /ʃɪə(r)/ (adj.) 纯粹的，完全的；陡峭的 A: The farmer shears his sheep in spring. B: It was sheer luck that we won. 83 stationary /ˈsteɪʃənri/ (adj.) 静止的，固定的 stationery /ˈsteɪʃənri/ (n.) 文具 A: The car remained stationary. B: I need to buy some stationery for school. 84 statue /ˈstætʃuː/ (n.) 雕像，塑像 stature /ˈstætʃə(r)/ (n.) (四级) 身高；声望，地位 A: There’s a statue of liberty in New York. B: He is a scientist of international stature. 85 stimulate /ˈstɪmjuleɪt/ (v.) 刺激；激励，鼓舞 simulate /ˈsɪmjuleɪt/ (v.) (四级) 模仿，模拟；假装 A: The discussion stimulated new ideas. B: The flight simulator simulates real conditions. 86 successful /səkˈsesfl/ (adj.) 成功的 successive /səkˈsesɪv/ (adj.) 连续的，接连的 A: She is a successful businesswoman. B: It rained for three successive days. 87 tenant /ˈtenənt/ (n.) 房客，租户 tenet /ˈtenɪt/ (n.) (四级) 原则，信条，教义 A: The tenant pays rent monthly. B: Honesty is a basic tenet of their belief. 88 through /θruː/ (prep./adv.) 穿过；通过；自始至终 threw /θruː/ (v.) (throw的过去式)投，扔 A: We walked through the park. B: He threw the ball to me. 89 tortuous /ˈtɔːtʃuəs/ (adj.) (四级) 弯曲的，曲折的；复杂的 torturous /ˈtɔːtʃərəs/ (adj.) (四级) 折磨人的，痛苦的 A: The path up the mountain was tortuous. B: The wait was torturous. 90 urban /ˈɜːbən/ (adj.) 城市的 urbane /ɜːˈbeɪn/ (adj.) (四级) 文雅的，彬彬有礼的 A: Urban life can be fast-paced. B: He is known for his urbane manners. 91 vain /veɪn/ (adj.) 徒劳的；自负的 vein /veɪn/ (n.) 血管；纹理；风格 A: All our efforts were in vain. B: He has royal blood in his veins. 92 waive /weɪv/ (v.) (四级) 放弃（权利、要求等）；免除 wave /weɪv/ (v./n.) 挥手；波动；波浪 A: The fee was waived for students. B: She waved goodbye to us. 93 wander /ˈwɒndə(r)/ (v.) 漫步，闲逛；走神 wonder /ˈwʌndə(r)/ (v./n.) 想知道；惊奇，奇迹 A: He likes to wander around the old town. B: I wonder what happened. 94 weather /ˈweðə(r)/ (n.) 天气，气象 whether /ˈweðə(r)/ (conj.) 是否；不管……（还是） A: The weather is nice today. B: I don’t know whether to go or stay. 95 whose /huːz/ (pron.) 谁的 who’s /huːz/ who is 或 who has 的缩写 A: Whose book is this? B: Who’s coming to the party? 96 wound /wuːnd/ (n./v.) 伤口；使受伤 wounded /ˈwuːndɪd/ (adj.) 受伤的 A: He had a deep wound on his arm. B: The wounded soldier was taken to hospital. 97 yield /jiːld/ (v./n.) 出产；屈服；产量 field /fiːld/ (n.) 田地；领域；场地 A: The farm yields a good crop. B: He works in the field of medicine. 98 zone /zəʊn/ (n.) 地带，区域 zoning /ˈzəʊnɪŋ/ (n.) (城市)分区规划 A: This is a no-parking zone. B: The city’s zoning laws are strict. 99 amplify /ˈæmplɪfaɪ/ (v.) (四级) 放大（声音等）；增强，详述 magnify /ˈmæɡnɪfaɪ/ (v.) 放大（图像）；夸大 A: The speaker amplified his voice. B: This glass magnifies objects. 100 apprehend /ˌæprɪˈhend/ (v.) (四级) 逮捕；理解，领会 comprehend /ˌkɒmprɪˈhend/ (v.) 理解，领会 A: The police apprehended the suspect. B: It’s hard to comprehend such a complex idea. 内容由AI生成 ( 第 1 页 共 17 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $