Unit5 Great inventions- Lesson5(同步练)2025-2026学年冀教版英语八年级下册

Unit 5 Great inventions ⭐Lesson 5同步练 一、单项选择（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. The first refrigeration machine was designed by ______ in 1805. A. William Cullen B. Oliver Evans C. Fred W. Wolf D. Louis Pasteur 2. Ancient China, Greece, and Rome used ice or snow to ______ food by freezing or chilling it. A. produce B. preserve C. process D. protect 3. The abacus was invented in China over 2,500 years ago and became the primary tool for ______. A. calculation B. cooking C. writing D. printing 4. Tofu is a good source of protein and is rich in ______ that are important for people's health. A. vitamins B. minerals C. fibers D. fats 5. The Silk Road was named after ______, a valuable Chinese invention made from silkworm cocoons. A. porcelain B. tea C. silk D. paper 6. —When did refrigerators become popular in some countries? — ______ A. In the 1740s. B. In the 1920s. C. In the 1980s. D. In the 1990s. 7. Porcelain can be traced back to the ______ Dynasty in China and became a famous export. A. Han B. Tang C. Song D. Ming 8. Tea was discovered by Shennong when a tea leaf ______ fell into a pot of boiling water. A. suddenly B. accidentally C. quickly D. slowly 9. The development of refrigeration has made our lives ______ and more convenient. A. harder B. safer C. slower D. busier 10. These ancient Chinese inventions continue to ______ modern science and technology. A. inspire B. stop C. prevent D. reduce 二、完形填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 The refrigerator is one of the most important inventions in modern life. Its development has a long history. In ancient times, people used ice or snow to 1. ______ food. In the 1600s, icehouses were used to keep food fresh all year round. In 1748, William Cullen did an experiment on artificial refrigeration. In 1805, Oliver Evans 2. ______ the first refrigeration machine. In 1913, Fred W. Wolf invented the first home electric refrigerator. In the 1920s, refrigerators became 3. ______ in some countries. Later, freezers and water dispensers were added, and refrigerators became more 4. ______-saving. Ancient China also had many great inventions. The 5. ______ was invented over 2,500 years ago for calculation. Tofu, a good source of 6. ______, has been part of Chinese cuisine for over 2,000 years. Tea was discovered by Shennong, and now it is popular 7. ______ the world. Porcelain, which can be traced back to the Han Dynasty, and 8. ______, which gave the Silk Road its name, are also famous Chinese inventions. These inventions 9. ______ the brilliance of ancient scientists. They continue to 10. ______ modern technology and make our lives better. 1. A. cook B. preserve C. sell D. grow 2. A. designed B. bought C. found D. used 3. A. expensive B. popular C. rare D. heavy 4. A. water B. time C. energy D. money 5. A. abacus B. compass C. gunpowder D. paper 6. A. fat B. protein C. sugar D. salt 7. A. over B. all over C. in D. on 8. A. silk B. tofu C. tea D. porcelain 9. A. saw B. witnessed C. made D. created 10. A. stop B. inspire C. change D. break 三、阅读理解（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） A 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Refrigerator timeline · Ancient times: Ancient China, Greece, and Rome used ice or snow to preserve food by freezing or chilling it. · 1600s: Icehouses were used to preserve food all year round. · 1748: William Cullen did an experiment on artificial refrigeration. · 1805: Oliver Evans designed the first refrigeration machine. · 1890s: Iceboxes became popular. They were smaller icehouses meant for home use. · 1913: Fred W. Wolf invented the first home electric refrigerator. · 1920s: Refrigerators became popular in some countries. · 1918: Mass production of home refrigerators began. · 1940s: Freezer compartments were added. · 1980s: Water dispensers were added. · 1996: Refrigerators became more energy-saving. 1. Who designed the first refrigeration machine? A. William Cullen B. Oliver Evans C. Fred W. Wolf D. An ancient Chinese inventor 2. When were iceboxes popular? A. In the 1600s B. In the 1740s C. In the 1890s D. In the 1920s 3. When was the first home electric refrigerator invented? A. In 1805 B. In 1913 C. In 1918 D. In 1920 4. What was added to refrigerators in the 1980s? A. Freezer compartments B. Water dispensers C. Energy-saving technology D. Icehouses 5. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Icehouses were used in the 1700s. B. Mass production of refrigerators began in 1940. C. Refrigerators became more energy-saving in 1996. D. William Cullen invented the first home refrigerator. B 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 We all know the most significant inventions of ancient China — paper-making, printing, gunpowder, and the compass. However, Chinese people also made many other fascinating inventions. Have you used the abacus? It was invented in China over 2,500 years ago. It became the primary tool used by merchants and bankers to calculate. Tofu originated in China. It is a good source of protein. Tofu is rich in minerals that are important for building strong bones and reducing the risk of some diseases. It has been an important part of Chinese cuisine for over 2,000 years and is now enjoyed worldwide. Tea making is another invention from China. It is said that Shennong, an ancient Chinese emperor, discovered tea when a tea leaf accidentally fell into a pot of boiling water. Today, tea is popular all over the world. The origins of porcelain can be traced back to the Han Dynasty in China. Porcelain quickly spread throughout China and reached other parts of the world. Silk is another important Chinese invention. It is made from the cocoons of silkworms. The Silk Road was named after this valuable product. The Chinese inventions witnessed the brilliance of ancient Chinese scientists, inventors, and thinkers. Although hundreds of years have passed, these inventions continue to inspire and shape modern science and technology. 1. How old is the abacus? A. Over 1,500 years old B. Over 2,000 years old C. Over 2,500 years old D. Over 3,000 years old 2. What is tofu rich in? A. Protein and minerals B. Fat and sugar C. Vitamins and fiber D. Calcium and iron 3. Who discovered tea according to the passage? A. An ancient farmer B. Shennong, an ancient Chinese emperor C. A Tang Dynasty poet D. A Han Dynasty doctor 4. What is the Silk Road named after? A. Porcelain B. Tea C. Silk D. Tofu 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The four great inventions of ancient China B. The history of refrigerators C. Great inventions of ancient China besides the four great ones D. How ancient Chinese inventions changed the world 四、任务型阅读（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，完成下列任务。 任务一：回答问题 1. What did ancient people use to preserve food? 2. When did mass production of home refrigerators begin? 任务二：完成句子（每空不超过 2 个词） 3. The abacus was the primary tool used by merchants and bankers to ______. 4. The origins of porcelain can be traced back to ______ in China. 任务三：选择最佳答案 5. Which of the following is NOT a great invention of ancient China mentioned in the passage? A. Abacus B. Tofu C. Tea D. Car 五、词语运用（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容及所给提示，补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。 The refrigerator has a long history. In ancient times, people used ice 1. ______ (preserve) food. In 1805, Oliver Evans 2. ______ (design) the first refrigeration machine. In 1913, the first home electric refrigerator 3. ______ (invent) by Fred W. Wolf. Now refrigerators are more energy-saving and convenient. Ancient China had many great inventions. The abacus 4. ______ (invent) over 2,500 years ago for 5. ______ (calculate). Tofu is a good source of 6. p______ and rich in minerals. Tea 7. ______ (discover) by Shennong. Porcelain can 8. ______ (trace) back to the Han Dynasty. Silk is made from the 9. ______ (cocoon) of silkworms. These inventions 10. ______ (witness) the brilliance of ancient Chinese scientists. 六、基础写作（A 题 5 分，B 题 15 分，满分 20 分） A. 连词成句（共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 请注意大小写和标点符号。 1. first, Oliver Evans, designed, machine, refrigeration, the 2. abacus, China, invented, in, was, the 3. is, tofu, source, a, good, protein, of 4. discovered, tea, Shennong, by, was 5. inventions, ancient, inspire, Chinese, modern, technology B. 书面表达（满分 15 分） 请以A Great Invention of Ancient China为题，写一篇短文，介绍中国古代的一项伟大发明（如算盘、豆腐、茶、瓷器、丝绸等）。 要求： 1. 包含以下要点：①这项发明是什么；②它的历史 / 起源；③它给人们生活带来的影响；④你对它的看法； 2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整； 3. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称； 4. 词数：80~100 词。 参考答案 一、单项选择 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. A 二、完形填空 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. B 三、阅读理解 A 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C B 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. C 四、任务型阅读 1. They used ice or snow to preserve food. 2. In 1918. 3. calculate 4. the Han Dynasty 5. D 五、词语运用 1. to preserve 2. designed 3. was invented 4. was invented 5. calculation 6. protein 7. was discovered 8. be traced 9. cocoons 10. witnessed 六、基础写作 A. 连词成句 1. Oliver Evans designed the first refrigeration machine. 2. The abacus was invented in China. 3. Tofu is a good source of protein. 4. Tea was discovered by Shennong. 5. Ancient Chinese inventions inspire modern technology. B. 书面表达（范文） A Great Invention of Ancient China Tea is one of the greatest inventions of ancient China. It is said that Shennong, an ancient Chinese emperor, discovered tea when a tea leaf accidentally fell into boiling water. Tea has a history of thousands of years. It is not only a popular drink all over the world, but also good for people's health. It has become an important part of Chinese culture and has spread to many countries. Tea is a great gift from ancient China to the world. I love drinking tea and I am proud of this great invention. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $