摘要:
该高中英语课件围绕“太空探索”主题,系统呈现相关核心词汇(如frontier, gravity, satellite等)及搭配(如be determined to do sth., succeed in doing sth.),通过“问题导入(如‘Are we alone? What's out there?’)—词汇积累—语篇阅读”的脉络,搭建从语言知识到主题理解的学习支架,帮助学生逐步掌握太空探索的发展历程。
其亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养,通过中英文对照的太空探索史(如苏联卫星发射、美国登月、中国神舟与天宫空间站等实例),引导学生在理解语篇的同时增强家国情怀。教学中注重思维品质提升,按时间逻辑梳理事件发展,帮助学生分析太空探索的意义,既提升学生的语言运用与跨文化理解能力,也为教师提供系统的主题教学资源。
内容正文:
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
教材原文助读7
1
①frontier ['frʌntIə(r)] n.
边境;国界;边远地区
②look up at抬头看
③vehicle ['viːəkl] n.交通工具;车辆
④suitable adj.合适的,适合的
be suitable to do sth.适合做某事
⑤determined [dI'tɜːmInd] adj.
有决心的;意志坚定的
be determined to do sth.决心做某事
determine [dI'tɜːmIn] vt.
查明;确定;决定
⑥succeed in doing sth.成功做某事
⑦rocket ['rɒkIt] n.火箭;火箭弹
⑧gravity ['ɡrævəti] n.重力;引力
⑨satellite ['sætəlaIt] n.人造卫星;卫星
⑩launch [lɔːntʃ] vt.& n.
发射;发起;上市
⑪orbit ['ɔːbIt] n.(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道;势力范围
vt.& vi.沿轨道运行;
环绕……运行
⑫focus on专注于;集中于
⑬step onto走上;踏上
⑭giant ['dʒaIənt] adj.巨大的;伟大的n.巨人;巨兽;伟人
⑮leap [liːp] n.跳跃;剧增;
剧变vi.& vt.跳过;跃过
⑯mankind [mæn'kaInd] n.
人类
⑰agency ['eIdʒənsi] n.(政府的)专门机构;服务机构;
代理处
agent n.代理人;代理商
⑱transmit [træns'mIt] vt.& vi.
传输;发送
transmission n.输送;传送
⑲data ['deItə] n.[pl.]资料;数据
⑳on board在宇宙飞船上;
在船上;在飞机上
㉑go wrong出错;出故障
㉒spacecraft ['speIskrɑːft] n.
航天器;宇宙飞船
㉓mission n.任务
㉔disappointment [ˌdIsə'pɔIntmənt]
n.失望;沮丧
disappointed [ˌdIsə'pɔIntId]
adj.失望的;沮丧的
disappoint vt.使……失望
disappointing adj.令人失望的
㉕desire [dI'zaIə(r)] n.渴望;欲望 vt.渴望;期望
㉖universe ['juːnIvɜːs] n.宇宙;
天地万物
universal adj.普遍的
universally adv.普遍地
㉗carry on继续做,坚持干
㉘despite prep.尽管;虽然
㉙make great progress取得很大进步
㉚independently [ˌIndI'pendəntli]
adv.独立地;自立地
independent [ˌIndI'pendənt]
adj.独立的;自立的
independence n.独立;自立
㉛manned adj.载人的;
有人驾驶的
㉜spacewalk ['speIswɔːk] n.太空行走;太空行走的时间
㉝jade [dʒeId] n.玉;翡翠;玉器
㉞signal ['sIɡnəl] vt.& vi.标志着;
标明;发信号
n.信号;标志
㉟further study进一步研究
㊱enable sb. to do sth.
使某人能够做某事
㊲survive v.幸存;存活
SPACE: THE FINAL FRONTIER①
“Are we alone? What's out there?” People have always looked up at② the stars and wondered about space. Today, scientists design vehicles③ to carry astronauts into space to make important discoveries. Space exploration has come a long way, and we now hope to discover other planets that are suitable④ enough to support life.
Before the mid-20th century, most people felt[1] travelling into space was only a dream that could never come true. However, scientists were determined⑤ to realise that dream. After many experiments, they succeeded in⑥ making rockets⑦ that could escape Earth's gravity⑧. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite⑨ was launched⑩ by the USSR and successfully orbited⑪ around Earth. Afterwards, the USSR focused on⑫ sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961,[2] Yuri
Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space. Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto⑬ the moon, [3]famously saying, “That's one small step for [a] man, one giant⑭ leap⑮ for mankind⑯.” Following this, there were many more important space achievements. For example, on 5
September 1977, America's NASA space agency⑰ launched Voyager 1 to study deep space, and it still transmits⑱ data⑲ to this day. And the International Space Station (1998) has provided a continuous human presence in space, with astronauts from many different countries on board⑳.
Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong㉑, accidents can still happen. For example, all the astronauts on the Soyuz 11, Challenger, and Columbia spacecraft㉒ died during their missions㉓. However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment㉔, the desire㉕ to explore the universe㉖ did not die.[4]This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on㉗ space exploration despite㉘ the huge risks.
China's space programme started later than those of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress㉙ in a short time. China became the third country in the world to independently㉚ send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned㉛ orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk㉜, followed by the vehicle Jade㉝ Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface. On 23
July 2020, China sent Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of Mars. It arrived in February 2021 and then sent back lots of valuable information. And from 2021 to 2022, China completed a number of rocket missions to establish its own space station. In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian module signalled㉞ the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station. This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments, greatly [5]furthering our understanding of the universe.
The future of space exploration remains bright. Many countries have plans to further study㉟ planets like Mars and Jupiter. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to㊱ survive㊲ well into the future.
太空:最后的边境
“我们是孤家寡人吗?外面还有什么呢?”人们总是仰望星空,对太空充满好奇。如今,科学家们研制出飞行器将宇航员送入太空进行重大发现。太空探索已经取得了长足进步,并且我们现在希望发现其他适合生命生存的行星。
二十世纪中叶之前,大部分人认为在太空旅行仅仅是一个永远无法实现的梦。然而,科学家们下定决心要实现这一梦想。很多次实验之后,他们成功制造出了能够摆脱地心引力的火箭。1957年10月4日,“斯普特尼克一号”人造卫星在苏联发射升空,并成功环绕地球运行。之后,苏联专注于载人太空飞行,1961年4月12日,尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。八年多后,美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗于1969年7月20日踏上月球,并说出了那句名言:“对一个人来说
那是一小步;对人类来说却是一大步。”此后,还有许多更重要的太空成就。例如,为了深入研究外太空,美国国家航空与航天局于1977年9月5日发射“旅行者一号”,并且该探测器至今仍在传送数据。国际空间站(1998年)上有许多来自不同国家的宇航员,使人类在太空中持续生存成为可能。
虽然科学家们极力确保万无一失,但事故仍时有发生。例如,“联盟11号”“挑战者号”以及“哥伦比亚号”航天飞机上的所有宇航员们在执行任务时全部遇难。然而,尽管这样的灾难带来了许多悲伤和失望,探索宇宙的渴望却永不磨灭。这是因为尽管风险巨大,人们还是坚信继续太空探索的重要性。
中国的太空项目起步晚于俄罗斯和美国,但在短时间内取得了很大进步。2003年,杨利伟搭乘“神舟五号”飞船成功环绕地球轨道飞行,中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。之后,“神舟六号”和“神舟七号”分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行和中国人的第一次太空漫步。紧接着,“玉兔号”月球车抵达月球,开展对月球表面的研究。2020年7月23日,中国发送“天问一号”探测火星表面。它于2021年2月到达,然后发回了许多有价值的信息。2021年
至2022年,中国完成了许多火箭任务以建立自己的空间站。2022年,“梦天舱”的发射标志着“天宫空间站”的基本建成。这个现代化的空间站将允许宇航员进行许多重要的实验,极大地增进了我们对宇宙的了解。
太空探索的未来仍然是光明的。许多国家都已制订计划,将进一步研究火星、木星等行星。尽管困难重重,科学家们仍希望做出更有价值的发现,使人类能够在未来更好地生存。
[1]此处是省略连词that的宾语从句,其中travelling into space是动名词短语作主语;并且此宾语从句中又包含一个that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词a dream,that在从句中作主语。
[2]此处是“sb. be/become the first person to do...”结构,意为“某人是第一个做……的人”,动词不定式作后置定语。
[3]此处是现在分词短语作伴随状语,表明动作say与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
[4]本句是一个复合句。“This is because...”意为“这是因为……”,because引导表语从句,其后接原因;despite the huge risks是“介词+名词”作状语。
eq \a\vs4\al([5]此处是现在分词短语作状语。,)
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