2027年中职英语一轮复习高频考点2.名词近义词辨析

2027年中职高考英语 高频考点2. 名词近义词辨析 必备基础知识： 一些名词的用法和含义仅有着细微差别，稍不注意就容易混淆。掌握并区分这些词义相近的名词，能让英语表达更加准确、地道。 1.家 （1）family家庭,家人。 （2）house单单指房子和建筑物。 （3）home故乡，个人或家庭住所，含有感情色彩。 2.声音 （1）voice 指人的嗓音 （2）sound 泛指一切声音 （3）noise噪声 （4）shout呼喊，大喊大叫 3.职业 在英语中, painter、 writer、 cleaner、 postman、 fireman、 scientist这些表示职业的名词, 虽然存在一定的相似性，但词义与职业内涵却大相径庭。 从构词法来看, painter、 writer、 cleaner都遵循“动词词根+-er”的模式,其中 paint(绘画、粉刷)、write(书写)、clean(清洁)分别为对应动词，添加-er后转化为与这些动作有关的职业人员。 而 postman 和 fireman 则是复合词, 由post(邮政)、 fire(火、火灾)与 man 组合而成, 表明从事邮政投递和消防救援工作的人。 scientist 基于science(科学)，后缀-ist 表示从事特定学科研究的专业人士，与前几组词的构词方法明显不同。 经典例题： 1. She has been in Beijing for ten years. Beijing has become her second . A. family B. home C. house D. room 【精析】B。 family家庭，家人; home故乡，个人或家庭住所，含有感情色彩; house 单单指房子和建筑物; room 房间。句意：她在北京待了10年了，北京已经成为她的第二个故乡。含有感情色彩，应该用 home。 2. Rachel is crazy about music. Her dream is to become a . A. scientist B. painter C. musician D. writer 【精析】C。句意：雷切尔痴迷音乐，她的梦想是成为一名音乐家。 scientist科学家; painter画家; musician音乐家; writer作家。前面提到痴迷音乐，因此梦想应该是成为音乐家。 专项练习： 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.— How well she sings！ — Yes, she has a very beautiful . A. voice B. sound C. noise D. laughter 2. My mom is the busiest in my . A. home B. house C. room D. family 3. Tianjin is to thousands of foreign friends who are working and studying here. A. home B. house C. family D. room 4. Do you have your own ? A. home B. house C. family D. space 5. We bought a new . A. home B. house C. family D. room 6. My are very tall. A. home B. house C. family D. room 7. The singer’s was beautiful. A. voice B. sound C. noise D. laughter 8. The of the sea is relaxing. A. voice B. sound C. noise D. laughter 9. There is too much in the room and I need to be quiet. A. voice B. sound C. noise D. laughter 10. The light travels faster than the . A. voice B. sound C. noise D. laughter 11. is a serious curse in the city life. A. Voice B. Sound C. Noise D. Laughter 12. Don’t at the children. A. voice B. sound C. noise D. shout 13. Peter liked the country life, away from city . A. voice B. sound C. noise D. laughter 14. At the foot of the hill you could hear nothing but the of the running water. A. voice B. sound C. noise D. shout 15. The uses brushes and paints to create beautiful pictures on the canvas. A. writer B. painter C. cleaner D. postman 16. Every morning, the comes to collect the garbage from our neighborhood. A. painter B. writer C. cleaner D. scientist 17. When a fire breaks out, the brave rush into the burning building to save people. A. postmen B. firemen C. writer D. painter 18. My sister wants to be a and publish her own novels in the future. A. scientist B. writer C. cleaner D. fireman 19. You can see the riding their bicycles, carrying bags full of letters in the community. A. cleaner B. postmen C. writer D. scientist 20. To keep the city clean, the are always very busy in the street. A. cleaners B. postmen C. painters D. firemen 参考答案 1-5 ADABB 6-10 CABCB 11-15 CDCBB 16-20 CBBBA 第 4 页 共 4 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $