Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Learning About Language-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教师用书word（人教版）

本讲义聚焦英语短语复习这一核心知识点，系统梳理名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词短语的定义、组成及句法功能，通过“定义解析+例句示范+对点练习”的结构，构建从基础认知到应用实践的学习支架。 该资料以志愿者主题语篇为语境导入，助力学生在真实情境中体悟短语功能，提升语言能力。分类梳理与高考真题结合的设计，培养学生逻辑思维与知识迁移能力，“名师在线”提示支持课后查漏补缺，课中辅助教师高效教学，课后帮助学生巩固提升。

Section Ⅲ　　Learning About Language 语法项目——复习短语 名师在线 (课堂没学会，课下上线再学习) Helping others can help protect your mental and physical① health. The kind acts②can keep you away from③ stress, keep you mentally stimulated and provide a sense of purpose. It is true that the more you volunteer, the more benefits you'll have. Very importantly④， volunteering doesn't have to take a huge amount of time out of your busy day. One of the most well－known benefits of volunteering is the impact on the community. Volunteering allows you to connect with your community and makes it a better place., [语法入门] ①形容词短语mental and physical作定语； ②名词短语The kind acts作主语； ③动词短语keep away from作谓语； ④副词短语Very importantly作状语。 英语中的短语是具有一定意义但不构成独立从句或句子的一组词。从形式结构角度划分，英语的短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、副词短语和介词短语等。英语短语的句法功能通常与对应的单词的句法功能类似。 一、名词短语(Noun Phrase) 1．名词短语的定义：指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。 2．名词短语的组成：(限定词)＋(形容词/形容词短语/描述性名词)＋名词＋(介词短语)。 3．名词短语中的限定词包括四类： (1)冠词(a/an/the)； (2)指示代词(this/that/these/those等)； (3)物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their等)； (4)不定代词(some/no/neither/both等)。 ①The state of Johore lies in the southern part of Malaysia. 柔佛州位于马来西亚的南部。 ②I watched a flock of foxes coming. 我看到一群狐狸来了。 ③This is a valuable collection of relics from a foreign country. 这是从外国收集来的珍贵文物。 ④The cute boy in blue jeans is my younger brother. 那个穿蓝色牛仔裤的可爱男孩是我的弟弟。 [对点练]　(完成句子) ①The school adviser gave me much help in choosing courses. 学校的指导老师在选课上给了我很多帮助。 ②I really don't know the girl under the tree. 我真的不认识树下的那个女孩。 ③He made a good plan for his study in the new term. 他在新学期制定了一个很好的学习计划。 ④I recommend that you make a workable schedule. 我建议你制定一个可行的计划。 ⑤(2024·浙江1月高考)For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children's Theatre. 如需下载课程，请访问儿童剧院的官方网站。 二、动词短语(Verb Phrase) 1．动词短语的定义：指以一个动词为中心构成的短语，在句中相当于一个动词。 2．动词短语的组成：动词＋副词/介词；动词＋名词/副词＋介词。 break down　　　　 发生故障；(身体)垮掉 break out 爆发 come about 发生；产生 account for 对……做出解释；说明……的原因；占(比例) adapt to 适应 burst into 突然……起来 break away from 脱离…… catch up with 赶上；追上；捕获 catch sight of 看到；瞥见 do harm to 损害；伤害；对……有害 [对点练]　(完成句子) ①(2025·全国Ⅱ卷写作)I'm reaching out to check on the progress of the article on Canadian sports that you kindly agreed to contribute. 我致信是想确认一下，您同意投稿的关于加拿大体育的文章进展如何。 ②(2024·北京高考)I thought to myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” 我心想：“他为什么要带着所有的书？” ③Teachers expect everyone to get down to their lessons attentively after the summer vacation. 老师期待每个学生在暑假之后开始专心学习。 ④We have just come across an old friend we haven't seen for ages. 我们刚碰到了一位好久不见的老朋友。 ⑤Dr Green told her that he would take three weeks off in July. 格林博士告诉她，在七月他将休假三周。 ⑥My grandpa is clearing away the parking lot near the house. 我的爷爷正在清扫房子附近的停车场。 三、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase) 1．形容词短语的定义：指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词，一般用作定语(修饰名词或代词)、表语或宾语补足语。 2．形容词短语的组成：(副词/副词短语)＋形容词＋(介词短语/enough)。 3．副词enough在修饰形容词构成形容词短语时，一般放在所修饰的形容词的后面。 ①His usual big toothy smile was absent today. 他今天没有往常那样露齿的笑容。 ②It's really quite urgent to take effective measures at present. 当前采取有效的措施真的是非常紧迫的。 ③Reading in the sun is very harmful to your eyes. 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛非常有害。 ④You're energetic enough to achieve your goals. 你有足够的精力去实现目标。 [对点练]　(完成句子) ①I think your idea is really beneficial to us. 我认为你的想法对我们真的很有益。 ②I have a small but beautiful study. 我有一个小的但很漂亮的书房。 ③He spent one day in the wind and snow, cold and hungry. 他在风雪中度过了一天，又冷又饿。 四、副词短语(Adverbial Phrase) 1．副词短语的定义：指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词，一般用作状语。 2．副词短语的组成：(副词/副词短语)＋副词＋(enough)。 3．副词enough在修饰副词构成副词短语时，一般放在所修饰的副词后面。 ①He goes to dance training every other week. 他每隔一周去参加舞蹈培训。 ②His work is better by far than that of any other printer in the city. 他干的活比本市其他任何印刷工干的都好。 ③I do not know her well enough to ask her for help. 我对她不够熟悉，不便请她帮忙。 [对点练]　(完成句子) ①He spoke so slowly and clearly that even the youngest kids understood his funny stories. 他说得又慢又清楚，连最小的孩子都听懂了他那些有趣的故事。 ②He ran much too fast in the sports meeting. 他在运动会上跑得非常快。 ③Luckily, he was not in that classroom then. 幸运的是，他那时不在那间教室里。 五、介词短语(Prepositional Phrase) 1．介词短语的定义：指介词加上其宾语构成的短语，可在句中作定语、状语、表语、补足语等。 2．介词短语的组成：介词＋名词/代词/动名词/数词。 ①The workers are carving the vase in great detail. 工人们在非常细致地雕刻花瓶。 ②With great care, she arranged the flowers that her grandma had grown, their petals glowing softly in the sun. 她小心翼翼地摆放着奶奶种的花，花瓣在阳光下微微发亮。 ③He carried the photo with him all the time. 他一直带着那张照片。 ④She entered the conference room without being admitted. 她未经允许就进入了会议室。 ⑤After several months had passed, the company's profits rose by 18%. 经过数月后，公司的利润增长了18%。 [对点练]　(完成句子) ①The decision is of great importance to the children. 这项决定对孩子们非常重要。 ②When he woke up, he found himself in the hospital. 当他醒来时，发现自己在医院里。 ③He often eats dumplings with seafood in them. 他经常吃海鲜馅的饺子。 ④(2024·浙江1月高考)In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. 在过去的几年里，在线学习已经成为大学和学院体验的重要组成部分。 Ⅰ.写出下列黑体短语的类型及其所充当的成分 1．He could only understand a word here and there. 副词短语作状语 2．Don't fall for(＝Don't be attracted by) her beauty. 名词短语作宾语 3．In spite of the difficulties, we went on with our work. 介词短语作状语 4．We need to build a factory twice larger than this one. 形容词短语作后置定语 5．She carried a basket full of eggs to visit her grandmother. 形容词短语作后置定语 6．New office buildings are going up everywhere. 名词短语作主语 7．The letter on the desk is for Mr Wu, our department manager. 介词短语作后置定语 8．He was so hungry that he finished off everything on the table. 动词短语作谓语 9．He has been working here as an assistant to the chairman for ten years. 介词短语作状语 10．We found everything in the lab in good order before doing the experiment. 介词短语作后置定语 Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．政府向有需要的人分发食品。(介词短语作后置定语) The government gave out food to people in need. 2．因为大雨飞机没有准时起飞。(名词短语作宾语) The plane didn't take off on time because of the heavy rain. 3．消防队员终于把超市里的火扑灭了，这场火灾是今天上午十点发生的。(动词短语作谓语) The firefighters finally put out the fire in the supermarket, which broke out at ten this morning. 4．如果这个账单五天内没有交付，你的煤气供应将会被切断。(介词短语作状语) If this bill is not paid within five days，your gas supply will be cut off. 5．这个可怜的人从一个高台上跌下来，彻底残疾了。(形容词短语作表语) The poor man fell off a high platform and became totally disabled. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $