Unit 1 Section Ⅳ Learning About Language，Using Language 语言技能一课过-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教师用书word（人教版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语词汇、句式及听力技能，系统梳理阅读单词认知、重点单词书写、活用单词变形、构词规律及高级词块应用，递进至重点句式（如“find+宾语+宾补”“as if从句”）解构与明喻修辞运用，构建从基础积累到综合应用的学习支架。 资料以“分层进阶”设计提升语言能力，如词汇按“知义-写形-变式-构词-应用”分层训练，句式通过“句法分析+仿写”培养思维品质。听力环节整合教材语料库、题型训练及听说交际，助力课中教师高效授课，课后学生可通过句子填空、词汇应用练习查漏补缺，强化学习能力。

Section Ⅳ　 语言技能一课过 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．an annoying rumour　　　 一则让人恼怒的谣言 2．two hundred grammes of flour 200克 面粉 3．a 3,000－seat venue 一个3 000座的场地 4．the salary of a salesman 一位售货员的薪水 5．be more blurred 更加模糊不清 6．the leather seat 真皮座椅 7. 8．forwards an inch then immediately backwards向前一英寸然后立刻向后 9．grip the lever 紧握操纵杆 10．go hazy 变得模糊 11．my naughty niece 我淘气的侄女/外甥女 12．her handkerchief 她的手帕 13．be stunned for a moment 一时惊呆了 二、重点单词——写其形 1．taxi fare 出租车费 2．on a weekly basis 每周 3．become superior 变得更高级 4. 5. 6．a bright lamp 一盏明亮的灯 7. 8. 三、活用单词——悉其变 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词) division：以“－sion”结尾的名词 ①conclusion　　　　　 推论；结束 ②admission 承认；准许进入 ③permission 允许 ④revision 复习 五、高级词块——通其用 1．on a ...basis　　 　 根据；以……的方式(基准) 2．pros and cons 事物的利与弊；支持与反对 3．superior to 比……更好；更胜一筹 4．take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 5．conflict with 与……冲突或抵触 6．turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是 7．fall away (逐渐)减少；消失 8．have an urge to 有强烈的欲望做某事 9．rise up 升起 10．so long as 只要 1．money paid for work or services，typically on a daily or weekly basis 通常以每天或每周的方式为工作或服务支付的钱 ★on a ...basis根据；以……的方式(基准) |用|法|感|知| ·I am saving money on a regular basis with the aim of buying a house of my own. 我正在定期存钱，目的是买一套属于我自己的房子。 ·(“人物介绍”主题佳句)She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications. 她凭资历获选承担这项工作。 ·Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice. 理论以实践为基础，反过来又为实践服务。 [归纳点拨] (1)on the basis of　 根据；在……的基础上；基于 (2)base vt. 以……为据点；把……设在 n. 基础；基部；基地 base ...on/upon 把……建立在……的基础之上 be based on/upon 以……为基础/根据 |应|用|融|会|(单句语法填空) ①We're going to be meeting there on a regular basis. ②You should base your conclusion on/upon careful research. ③Is it safe to predict the result on the basis of one opinion poll? ④(2024·北京高考) Based (base) on the information entered by each student, potential pairs are identified. 2．In sci－fi stories, robots often become superior and take over. 在科幻小说中，机器人往往会变得更优秀并占据主导地位。 ★superior adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的 |用|法|感|知| ·The new product is beyond all praise and has quickly taken over the market on account of its superior quality. 这款新产品获得了极高的赞扬，并且因其更好的质量而迅速占领了市场。 ·Each member has their own advantages, but if we work together, we can produce something new, unique and superior to that of any one member. 每个成员都有自己的优势，但如果我们共同努力，我们能生产出新颖、独特的产品来，且比任何一个成员生产的更胜一筹。 [归纳点拨] superior to　　 比……更好；更胜一筹(to为介词) be inferior to 次于；劣于 be senior to 比……年长；比……地位高 be junior to 比……年轻；比……地位低 |应|用|融|会|(完成句子) ①At the appraising meeting, experts stated this method was superior to others. 鉴定会上，专家们指出这种方法优于其他方法。 ②I am three years senior to him while you are three years junior to him. 我比他大三岁，而你比他小三岁。 ★take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 |用|法|感|知| ·(“演讲”类写作佳句)Technology is here to help us, but we should not allow it to take over our lives. 技术是来帮助我们的，但我们不应该让它来主宰我们的生活。 ·Cars gradually took over from horses. 汽车逐渐替代了马匹。 [归纳点拨] take up　　　 占用(时间/空间)；开始从事；拿起；接受 take off 脱掉(衣服)；起飞；突然大受欢迎 take in 吸收；理解；包括；接纳；欺骗 take on 呈现(面貌)；具有(特征)；雇用 |应|用|融|会|(完成句子) ①The newly launched electronic newspaper has really taken off. 新发行的电子报真的很受欢迎。 ②It took me a while to take in the shocking news that our school team had won the national championship. 我过了好一会儿才消化这个令人震惊的消息：我们校队赢得了全国冠军。 ③The village has taken on a new look thanks to the good economic policies from the government. 多亏了政府好的经济政策，那个村庄已经呈现出新的面貌。 ④The manager announced at the meeting that Mr Black would take over his job and deal with everyday affairs in the company when he was absent. 经理在会议上宣布说当他不在的时候，布莱克先生将接管他的工作，处理公司的日常事务。 3．A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the first law. 机器人必须服从人类给予的命令，除非这些命令与第一定律相冲突。 ★conflict with与……冲突或抵触 |用|法|感|知| ·She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career. 她发现在将来的职业问题上与父母有冲突。 ·Meghan's plan has conflicted with mine.She asks to go to the park but I'm occupied with my work. 梅根的计划与我的计划相冲突。她要求去公园，但我忙于工作。 [归纳点拨] conflict n．　　　　　　 矛盾；冲突 vi. 冲突；抵触 in conflict with 和……有矛盾/不一致 come into conflict with 与……产生冲突/有分歧 |应|用|融|会|(完成句子) ①The changes are sure to conflict with the old traditions, so we must give it a second thought. 变化一定与旧的传统相冲突，所以我们一定要三思。 ②It is a statement in conflict with other evidence. 这一陈述与其他证词不一致。 4．Night came as if a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day. 夜幕降临了，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，转眼间，白昼就来临了。 ★turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是 |用|法|感|知| ·Even the students who used to dislike English have turned out to be interested in the subject. 甚至那些过去不喜欢英语的学生结果也对这门学科感兴趣了。 ·I was positive that things were going to turn out fine. 我确信事情会好起来的。 ·If you're strictly concerned about saving energy, you should turn your lights out when you're not using them. 如果你十分关注节能，你应该在不用灯的时候把它们关掉。 [归纳点拨] turn up　　　　　 出现；露面；开大(音量等) turn over 翻转；移交 turn down 调低(音量等)；拒绝 turn to 转向；翻到；求助于；致力于 |应|用|融|会|(完成句子) ①The boy tried to join the army, but was turned down for his young age. 那个男孩想参军，但是因为年龄小而被拒绝了。 ②We arranged to meet at 7：30, but she never turned up. 我们约好了7：30见面，但她根本没露面。 ③The job turned out to be harder than we thought. 结果这项工作比我们认为的要难。 ④(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)So I turned to cycling.I got a good bike and rode a lot. 于是我转向骑自行车。我有一辆好自行车，经常骑。 5．I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes! 我有一种强烈的欲望，想看看眼前那些随机闪现的东西！ ★urge n.强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐 |用|法|感|知| ·(“动作描写”佳句)She could hear them urging her on as she ran past. 当她跑过(他们面前)的时候，她能听到他们在为她加油。 ·I never had an urge to learn any sign language before. 以前我从未有过学习手语的想法。 ·An urgent bell rang, which urged us to get up quickly. 急促的铃声响起，催促我们快起床。 [归纳点拨] (1)urge sb.to do sth.　　　 催促某人做某事 urge sb.on 为某人加油/鼓励 urge that ...(should) do sth. 极力主张……做某事 It is urged that ...(should) do sth. 坚决要求……做某事 (2)have an urge to do sth. 有强烈的欲望做某事 (3)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的 urgency n. 紧急；催促 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①It is strongly urged by students that the library (should) be kept (keep) open during the weekend. ②It's of great urgency (urge) that we need to make the relative laws with the rapid growth of online shopping. ③Our teacher urges us to study hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near. 随着高考的临近，老师敦促我们努力学习。 1．It would not be surprising if we found it difficult to distinguish between reality and science fiction in the future. 如果我们发现将来很难区分现实和科幻小说，那也就不足为奇了。 此处为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的复合宾语结构。 (1)find＋宾语＋ (2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do (it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语) “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空) ①Jim turned around and found a stranger standing (stand) behind him. ②After what seemed like hours, Colin came to himself.He found himself surrounded (surround) by the logging workers in the camp. ③(2024·全国甲卷)You will find it convenient to take (take) the high－speed train to go to some big cities in China. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ④四处漫步后，我们不知不觉又回到了旅馆。 After wandering around, we found ourselves back at the hotel. ⑤我转过身，发现他正朝我跑来，他的小身体左右摇晃，双脚向前摆动。 I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. 2．Night came as if a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day. 夜幕降临了，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，转眼间，白昼就来临了。 (1)as if＝as though意为“仿佛；好像”，引导表语从句，常放在be, look, seem, sound, smell, feel等系动词之后。 (2)as if引导方式状语从句。当说话人认为所陈述的是不真实的或不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句谓语常用虚拟语气，结构如下： 与现在事实相反 从句谓语动词用过去时(be动词用were) 与过去事实相反 从句谓语动词用过去完成时(had done) 与将来事实相反 从句谓语动词用would/could/might do (3)as if引导方式状语从句时，如果从句主语和主句主语一致或从句主语为it，且其中又含有be动词的某种形式时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空) ①He opened his mouth as if to say (say) something. ②It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had done (do) it? ③A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were (be) the only people in the world. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ④快点儿！看起来火车好像要开了。 Hurry up! It looks as if the train is going to move. ⑤他的心怦怦直跳，好像他受到了惊吓。 His heart was pounding as if he were frightened. ⑥环顾小镇，约翰觉得自己好像已经离开很久了。 Looking around the small town, John felt as though he had been away for ages. 3．I saw huge buildings rise up, then disappear like in a dream. 本句中的like in a dream是一种明喻修辞手法，表明在时空旅行中，事物变化的迅速像是在做梦一样。 |应|用|融|会| (用明喻修辞翻译句子) ①她脸上的笑容像宝石一样闪闪发光。 The smile on her face shone like a diamond. ②(“景物描写”佳句) 沿途的风景就像一幅美丽的山水画卷。 The scenery along the journey is just like a beautiful landscape painting. 教材听力“再利用” 一、由听力厚积语料库 1．do simple tasks　　　　　　 做简单的工作 2．look like humans 看起来像人类 3．complex occupations 复杂的工作 4．integrate them into society 使它们融入社会 5．be likely to 很可能 6．above all 首先；最重要的是 7．remind me of 使我想起 8．take over 接管 二、教材录音材料的发掘训练 1．What will happen as artificial intelligence develops? A．Robots will do more complex occupations. B．Robots will take the place of teachers completely. C．Robots will take the place of nurses. 2．What will robots be like as they become more intelligent? A．Robots will be much safer to people. B．Robots will be more powerful and dangerous. C．Robots will be more complex. 3．What should people think carefully about the robots? A．Whether to develop robots. B．Whether to stop using robots. C．How to programme them to protect us humans. 4．What do robots do in sci－fi stories? A．Robots help people do many jobs. B．Robots often become superior and take over. C．Robots won't be useful. 答案：1～4　ABCB 三、依据教材听力完成句子 1．We are therefore likely to make them look more like us, so we feel more comfortable. 2．The main benefit would be greater labour efficiency, giving us more time for other things. 3．But there would certainly be issues with integrating them into society. 4．I believe he was showing us the problems we would have with such intelligent machines. 5．It is very hard to stop technology once it has been created. 6．I think the line between humans and robots will be more blurred in the future. 四、听说交际训练 使用本课所学词汇和表达方式，补全下面关于对机器人的看法的对话。 Peter：Mary, do you think ①robots are superior to humans in many ways (机器人在很多方面都比人类强)? Mary：Maybe. They never get tired and can work precisely.②But I'm worried they might take over some jobs (但我担心它们会取代一些工作岗位)． Peter：That reminds me of the news about AI replacing writers. On the one hand, it's efficient；③on the other hand, it lacks human creativity (另一方面，它缺乏人类的创造力)． Mary：Exactly. I think we ought to move on to how we can control them.④ After all, they are likely to cause problems if misused (毕竟，如果被滥用，它们很可能会引发问题)． Peter：Agreed！⑤Above all, we must ensure technology serves humanity (最重要的是，我们必须确保技术为人类服务), not the opposite. 听力素养“漫养成” |掌握规律技法| 听力中的逻辑关系 通常情况下，在做听力题的时候常需要注意句子间的逻辑关系，通过逻辑关系来确定答案。常见的逻辑关系词语有： 1．表示转折和对比关系：but, however, nevertheless, while, in fact, whereas, unexpectedly, unfortunately, yet, except, on the other hand, compared to, unlike, instead, in contrast to等。 2．表示因果关系：as a result, since, due to, because of, therefore, thus, so等。 3．表示否定：not, no, rarely, seldom, never等。 转折、因果、否定部分的内容一般是说话人强调的内容，也是考查的重点，所以当我们听到表示上述逻辑关系的词汇时，一定要注意，它们一般就是答案区间所在。 [典例]　(2024年新高考Ⅱ卷听力) Q：Where is Barbara going tonight? A．To a gym. B．To her grandma's. C．To the doctor's. [听力原文] M：Barbara, do you want to play table tennis with us tonight? W：I'd love to, but I can't.I'm catching the last train to Denver to see my grandma.I need to take her to visit a doctor tomorrow morning. [分析]　能够快速并准确地解答本题的关键是注意到这句话“I'd love to, but I can't.”。but表转折，其后面的内容是问题的答案所在。故选B项。 |多积主题表达| “科学幻想”场景听力表达 1．science fiction　　　　　　　 科幻小说 2．an award－winning author 一位获奖的作家 3．short story collections 短篇小说集 4．science fiction films/movies 科幻电影 5．make impressive progress 取得巨大的进步 6．artificial intelligence 人工智能 7．boost productivity 提高生产效率 8．care for the aged and the needy 照顾老年人及弱势群体 9．There were a lot of science fiction movies in the late 1970s because of Star Wars. 由于《星球大战》，20世纪70年代末出现了很多科幻电影。 10．As a result, robots are becoming more capable, easier to program and able to explain what they are doing.因此，机器人的能力越来越强，编程越来越简单，也能解释它们做的事情。 11．Together, we can create a future where AI helps us achieve our wildest dreams. 我们可以共同创造一个未来，让人工智能帮助我们实现最远大的梦想。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $