专题06 阅读理解（期中专项训练）五年级英语下学期（外研版三起·新教材）

专项06 阅读理解 01 解题小技巧 02【题型一】阅读理解 解题小技巧 本次五年级英语下学期（外研版三起・新教材）期中专项阅读理解题，核心考查细节查找、推理判断、主旨归纳三大能力，结合真题提炼简单实用的解题技巧： 一、核心解题四步法 ❖ 读题干划关键词：圈出疑问词（What/Where/Why/Who）、数字、专有名词（如 WWF/Zhang Guimei），明确答题方向； ❖ 扫原文找定位：带着关键词快速浏览文章，找到对应段落或句子（如找 “WWF” 就定位到保护动物的段落）； ❖ 比选项定答案：细节题直接匹配原文信息，推理题结合语境分析，主旨题概括核心内容；❖ 验答案合逻辑：检查答案是否与原文一致，排除偷换概念、无中生有的干扰项。 二、高频考点 + 解题技巧（按题型分类） （一）细节理解题（占比最高） ❖ 技巧： 问 “是什么 / 做什么”（What）：找原文中 “main goal/do/work to” 等表达，直接提取答案（如 NPOs 的目标→help people, animals, or the environment）； 问 “地点 / 时间”（Where/When）：定位 “live at/was born in/visit on” 等短语，抓取地点 / 时间词（如 Grandma Wang→at the care home；visit→on weekends）； 问 “人物 / 组织”（Who/Which）：找专有名词对应的描述（如保护濒危动物→WWF；张桂梅→head teacher of Huaping High School for girls）； 正误判断（T/F）：逐一核对选项与原文，注意数字、副词（all/only）的差异（如原文 1800 girls→选项 1500 girls 为错误）。 选项 1500 girls 为错误）。 （二）推理判断题 ❖ 技巧： 问 “人物品质”：根据行为推断（如张桂梅免费送女孩上大学→hard-working/kind；Lanlan 坚持给奶奶送蛋糕→caring）； 问 “主旨启示”：结合故事结局或核心思想（如狼披羊皮→欺骗他人；Lanlan 照顾奶奶→love is more important）； 问 “句子含义”：联系上下文，不孤立理解（如 “give her time”→奶奶需要时间记住人）。 （三）主旨归纳题 ❖ 技巧： 选标题：找文章核心话题（如狼骗小羊→The Wolf in Sheep's Clothing；制作猫屋→A Warm House for Cats）； 概括段落大意：抓首句或尾句（如 NPOs 段落首句→介绍非营利组织的目标和作用）。 （四）任务型阅读（排序 / 回答问题） ❖ 技巧： 排序题：按步骤信号词（Step 1/2/3、first/then/after that）排序，或按动作逻辑（找材料→裁剪→粘贴→装饰→放置）； 回答问题：用原文关键词组织语言，保持简洁（如 kids help NPOs→Donate old toys and books.）。 三、通用避坑技巧 ❖ 细节精准：不凭记忆答题，必须在原文找到对应依据； ❖ 时态一致：注意原文时态（过去时 / 现在时），回答问题时动词形式匹配； ❖ 排除干扰：选项与原文关键词不一致、夸大事实（如 all/never）、无中生有的直接排除；❖ 答题规范：回答问题时用完整句子（特殊要求除外），排序题按题目要求用数字或字母。 【题型一】阅读理解 （一） 间读有关“NPOS”(非营利性组织)的文章，成下列题目。 Non-profit Organisations Non-profit organisations (NPOs) are special groups. Their main goal is not to make money but to help people, animals, or the environment.They use the money they get from donations to do good things for the world. There are many different kinds of NPOs. Some, like UNICEF, work to protect children's rights and make sure they are healthy and can go to school. Some, like WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature), work to protect endangered animals and their homes. Other organisations, such as the Red Cross, help people when big disasters happen, like earthquakes or foods. Volunteers are very important to NPOs. They are people who give their time to help without getting paid. Kids can also help! They can donate their old toys and books, or even help to raise money with their parents.Everyone can do something to help NPOs make the world a better place. ( )1.What is the main goal of non-profit organisations? A. To make a lot of money. B. To help people, animals, or the environment. C. To become famous around the world. ( )2.Where do non-profit organisations get their money to help others? A. From selling toys and books. B. From the government only. C. From donations. ( )3.Which organisation helps to protect endangered animals? A. UNICEF. B.WWF. C. Red Cross. ( )4.Who are volunteers? A. People who get paid a lot of money. B. People who give their time to help without getting paid. C. People who work for the government. 5.How can kids help non-profit organisations? _________________________________________________________ （二） 阅读短文，完成下列题目。 This is Zhang Guimei, the recipient(获得者)of July lst Medal. Zhang Guimei was born in Mudanjiang City in 1957. She is the head teacher of Huaping High School for girls. From 2008 to 2021, her school has sent 1,800 girls to university for free. She has lived at school with her students for 13 years. She works very hard.Every day, she gets up at half past five in the early morning and goes to bed at twenty past twelve at night. She is in a lot of pain from her illness. She wraps her hands in tape to make it better. She says, “The students gave me the honour of being a teacher, the heart of being a mother, and the happiness of being a woman. My life is my teaching. ( )1.What docs Zhang Guimci do? A. She is a teacher in a university. B. She is a head teacher of a high school for girls. C. She is a worker in Mudanjiang City. ( )2.Where was Zhang Guimei born? A. She was born in Huaping. B. She was born in Yunnan. C. She was born in Mudanjiang City. ( )3. Which one is NOT true? A. She has lived at school with her students for 13 years. B. Her school has sent 1,500 girls to university for free. C. Her hands were covered with tape to stop the pain. ( )4.Why does Zhang Guimei work so hard? A. To help more girls get into university. B. To make herself an honoured teacher. C. To bring happiness into her own life. 5.What do you think of Zhang Guimei? And why? I think she is _______ because __________________________________. （三） 阅读下面关于成长纪念册的文章，根据文章内容选择正确选项，将相应的标号填入题前括号内。 I have a special growth album. It's a blue book with my name on the cover. I keep many precious things in it. Last month, I added a new page. It has a ticket from my first trip to the zoo.I went there with my family last summer holiday. I saw a tall giraffe and a cute panda. I wrote down,“I learned that pandas eat bamboo all day!”Another page has a drawing. It's my first prize in an art contest. I drew a big tree with colourful leaves. My teacher said it was“full of life”. I felt so proud then!Every time I open this album, I remember happy moments. It's like a friend that grows with me. ( )1. What is the writer's growth album like? A. It is a red book with a picture on the cover. B. It is a blue book with the writer's name on the cover. C. It is a yellow book with the teacher's name on the cover. ( )2. What did the writer add to the album last month? A. A photo of the zoo. B. A ticket of the first zoo trip. C. A drawing of a panda. ( )3.Who went to the zoo with the writer last summer holiday? A. The writer's family. B. The writer's teacher. C. The writer's classmates. ( )4. What did the writer learn about pandas? A. Pandas like to climb trees. B. Pandas eat bamboo all day. C. Pandas sleep all night. ( )5. Why did the writer feel proud of the drawing? A. Because it was a gift from a friend. B. Because it was the writer's first prize in an art contest. C. Because it was put on the classroom wall. （四） 蓝蓝给我们讲述了她去养老院照料王奶奶的事情。阅读材料,选择正确答案。 I had an old friend, Grandma Wang. She lived at a care home, She always forgot(忘记)things.I often visited her on weekends with my classmates. Grandma Wang loved cupcakes best.l made cupcakes with apples, grapes and blueberries. Every weekend, I brought some sweet cupcakes for her. But Grandma Wang just sat in the corner and ate the cupcakes. I said,“She doesn't seem(好像)to know me.”I felt unhappy.“You have to give her time, Lanlan,” the nurse Miss Li said. But it was the same the next time.“Grandma, do you know me?” I asked. “I know you. You are very kind. You always brought me cupcakes,”she said. "Yes, I am Lanlan, your good friend. Do you not remember my name?”“Sure. You brought me cupcakes.” She didn't remember my name. But she knew my love for her. I will bring her cupcakes every weekend. And I will hug her, even if she doesn't remember me. ( )1. Where was Grandma Wang? A. She was at home. B. She was at the care home. C. She was in the hospital. ( )2. When did Lanlan visit Grandma Wang? A.On weekends. B.After school. C. Every Friday. ( )3. What did Lanlan do for Grandma Wang? A.She washed the clothes. B. She made cupcakes C. She made sandwiches. ( )4. In Grandma Wang's eyes, Lanlan is____________. A. a kind girl B. a nice nurse C. a quiet girl! ( )5.What can we learn from the material? A. Hugs can work out all the problems. B. Love is more important. C. Don't forget to bring cupcakes to your grandparent! （五） 蓝蓝也给大家分享了自己制作的绘本，我们一起来欣赏一下吧。阅读绘本，完成任务。 任务一:根据绘本内容，选择正确选项。 ( )1.Which is the best title for the picture book? A.The Clever Dog B. The Wolf in Sheep's Clothing C. The Kind Shepherd ( )2. Why did the lamb follow the wolf? A. Because he thought that the wolf was his mother. B. Because he thought that the wolf could give him food. C. Because he thought that the wolf was his friend. 任务二:根据绘本内容，回答问题。 1. Was there a skin of a sheep on a hill? ___________________________________________ 2. What do you think of the wolf? ___________________________________________ （六） 社区里有不少的流浪猫，典典打算为它们制作一个温暖的房子。阅读短文，完成下列任务。 A Warm House for Cats It's getting cold. The cats outside need a warm place to live. As helpers for the community, let's make a warm house for them! Step 1: Look for recycled things! Old wooden ( 木制的) boxes are great, We can also use some old clothes.They can keep the cats warm. Step 2: Cut the wooden boxes, Make a small entrance ( 入 ) for the cats to get in and out. Don't make the entrance too big or too small. Step 3: Stick the wood together with glue. Step 4: We can colour the cat house. And we can draw some cute cat pictures! After that, we can put the old clothes in the house. They will be like a warm bed for the cats. Step 5: Find a quiet corner( 角落 ) in the community. Maybe near the garden. Put the cat house there. Cats will find it and stay warm! 任务一:根据短文内容,用数字 1-5 给下列图片进行排序。 任务二:根据短文内容，判断句子正(T)误(F)。 ( )1. The cats need a house because it's getting cold. ( )2. We put the cat house near the river. ( )3. The passage mainly talks about how to make a house for the cats as a helper. 参考答案及【解析】 第 1 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【题型一】 1.B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5.They can donate their old toys and books, or even help to raise money with their parents. 【解析】 1.定位原文：第 1 段 "Their main goal is not to make money but to help people, animals, or the environment."非营利组织的主要目标不是赚钱，而是帮助人、动物或环境，对应 B 选项。 2.定位原文：第 1 段 "They use the money they get from donations to do good things for the world."资金来自捐赠，对应 C 选项。 3.定位原文：第 2 段 "Some, like WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature), work to protect endangered animals and their homes."WWF 保护濒危动物，对应 B 选项。 4.定位原文：第 3 段 "They are people who give their time to help without getting paid."志愿者是无偿付出时间帮忙的人，对应 B 选项。 5.定位原文：第 3 段 "Kids can also help! They can donate their old toys and books, or even help to raise money with their parents."直接提取原文内容作答即可。 二、Zhang Guimei 阅读理解 1.B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5.I think she is great because she helps many girls go to university for free.（答案不唯一，合理即可） 【解析】 1.定位原文：第 1 段 "She is the head teacher of Huaping High School for girls."她是华坪女子高中的校长，对应 B 选项。 2.定位原文：第 1 段 "Zhang Guimei was born in Mudanjiang City in 1957."出生于牡丹江市，对应 C 选项。 3.定位原文：第 1 段 "From 2008 to 2021, her school has sent 1,800 girls to university for free."原文是 1800 名女孩，B 选项 1500 名错误，选 B。 4.定位原文：全文围绕张桂梅帮助女孩免费上大学展开，她努力工作的目的是帮助更多女孩进入大学，对应 A 选项。 5.开放性题目：结合人物事迹，用形容词（great/kind/hard-working 等）描述，说明原因即可，示例仅供参考。 （三）1.B 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B 【解析】 1.定位原文：第 1 段 "It's a blue book with my name on the cover."是一本封面有作者名字的蓝色本子，对应 B 选项。 2.定位原文：第 2 段 "Last month, I added a new page. It has a ticket from my first trip to the zoo."上个月加了第一次去动物园的门票，对应 B 选项。 3.定位原文：第 2 段 "I went there with my family last summer holiday."和家人一起去的，对应 A 选项。 4.定位原文：第 2 段 "I learned that pandas eat bamboo all day!"知道了熊猫整天吃竹子，对应 B 选项。 5.定位原文：第 2 段 "It's my first prize in an art contest. I felt so proud then!"因为是美术比赛的一等奖而自豪，对应 B 选项。 （四）答案 1.B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B 【解析】 1.定位原文：第 1 段 "She lived at a care home."王奶奶住在养老院，对应 B 选项。 2.定位原文：第 1 段 "I often visited her on weekends with my classmates."周末去看望，对应 A 选项。 3.定位原文：第 2 段 "I made cupcakes with apples, grapes and blueberries."给王奶奶做纸杯蛋糕，对应 B 选项。 4.定位原文：第 4 段 "You are very kind. You always brought me cupcakes," she said.在王奶奶眼里，兰兰是善良的女孩，对应 A 选项。 5.定位原文：最后一段 "She didn't remember my name. But she knew my love for her."文章主旨是 “爱比记忆更重要”，对应 B 选项。 （五）答案 任务一 1.B 2. A 任务二 1.Yes, there was. 2.示例：I think the wolf is bad because he cheated the lamb and ate it.（答案不唯一，合理即可） 【解析】 任务一 1.主旨题：全文讲狼披上羊皮欺骗小羊的故事，最佳标题是 The Wolf in Sheep's Clothing（披着羊皮的狼），对应 B 选项。 2.定位原文：第 3 幅图 "A lamb thought that the wolf was his mother because the wolf's skin looked like hers. So he followed the wolf."小羊以为狼是妈妈，所以跟着它，对应 A 选项。 任务二 1.定位原文：第 2 幅图 "One day, the wolf found the skin of a sheep on a hill."山上有羊皮，所以作肯定回答。 2.开放性题目：结合狼欺骗、吃掉小羊的行为，用 bad/cunning（狡猾的）等形容词描述，说明原因即可，示例仅供参考。 （六）制作猫屋 阅读理解 答案 任务一（图片排序） 从左到右依次：1 → 5 → 2 → 3 → 4 任务二（判断正误） 1.T 2. F 3. T 【解析】 任务一（排序） 对照原文步骤： Step 1: Look for recycled things!（找旧木盒，对应第 1 张图） Step 2: Cut the wooden boxes（裁剪木盒，对应第 3 张图） Step 3: Stick the wood together with glue（用胶水粘木盒，对应第 4 张图） Step 4: Colour the cat house, draw pictures, put old clothes in（装饰猫屋，对应第 5 张图） Step 5: Find a quiet corner and put the cat house there（把猫屋放在角落，对应第 2 张图）因此排序为：1 → 5 → 2 → 3 → 4 任务二（判断正误） 1.定位原文：第 1 段 "It's getting cold. The cats outside need a warm place to live."天气变冷，猫需要温暖的家，句子正确，选 T。 2.定位原文：最后一段 "Find a quiet corner in the community. Maybe near the garden."放在花园附近，不是河边，句子错误，选 F。 3.主旨题：全文讲作为社区帮手如何给猫做房子，句子正确，选 T。 $