Unit 4 Words 情态动词表过去（单元核心语法精练）英语沪教版选择性必修第三册

Unit 4 Words 核心语法精练（情态动词表过去） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单项选择 3 二、翻译句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 14 一、直接陈述过去的事实（客观过去） 1. would：过去常常、过去反复的习惯 When I was young, I would read English novels before going to bed. 翻译：我小时候，常常在睡前读英文小说。 2. could：过去具备的一般能力 / 过去被允许 He could speak three foreign languages when he was at college. 翻译：他上大学时就会说三门外语。 3. was/were able to：过去成功做成某事（强调结果） Though it was raining hard, we were able to arrive at school on time. 翻译：尽管雨下得很大，我们还是准时赶到了学校。 4. had to：过去必须、不得不（must 的过去式） I had to get up early to catch the school bus yesterday morning. 翻译：昨天早上我不得不早起赶校车。 二、情态动词 + have done（对过去的推测） 1. must have done：过去一定做了（肯定推测） The light is off, so he must have gone to bed already. 翻译：灯关了，他一定已经睡觉了。 2. may/might have done：过去可能做了（不确定） He is not here. He might have gone to the library. 翻译：他不在这里，可能去图书馆了。 3. can’t/couldn’t have done：过去不可能做了（否定推测） He can’t have finished the work in such a short time. 翻译：他不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项工作。 三、情态动词 + have done（对过去的虚拟/责备/遗憾） 1. should have done：本应该做（实际没做） You should have told me the truth earlier. 翻译：你本应该早点告诉我真相。 2. shouldn’t have done：本不该做（实际做了） You shouldn’t have wasted so much time on computer games. 翻译：你本不该在电脑游戏上浪费这么多时间。 3. could have done：本能够做（实际没做） I could have passed the exam if I had worked harder. 翻译：要是我再努力一点，本可以通过这次考试的。 4. needn’t have done：本不必做（实际做了） You needn’t have bought so much bread for breakfast. 翻译：你本不必买这么多面包当早餐。 5. would have done：本会做（虚拟语气主句） If I had had time, I would have visited you last week. 翻译：如果上周我有时间，本会去看望你的。 一、单项选择 1．—Do you think the missing file was deleted by accident? —No, it _________ have been deleted accidentally. The system logs show intentional removal. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．couldn’t 2．The volunteers ________ brave the elements to rescue the injured creatures after the earthquake. A．had to B．might C．could D．may 3．—You ______ have finished the report already; it’s only been an hour. —Believe it or not, I made it. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．couldn’t 4．But for his encouragement, she ________ her dream of becoming a musician. A．might pursue B．may pursue C．hadn’t pursued D．might not have pursued 5．Something terrible __________ if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant __________ he always did. A．should have happened; what B．could have happened; as C．must happen; as D．could happen; what 6．— I called you at 8 o’clock last night, but you didn’t pick up. — Oh, I’m sorry. I ________ in the library. I usually study there at that time. A．can have been B．should have been C．would have been D．could have been 7．— Jack fell off a ladder yesterday but he’s all right. — He’s lucky — he _________ himself badly. A．must have hurt B．could have hurt C．shouldn’t have hurt D．wouldn’t have hurt 8．She ________ the driving test again. She has failed three times up to now, so she looks really upset. A．can have failed B．might have failed C．should have failed D．must have failed 9．Leo managed to finish the essay. He ________ it all by himself, for there was no one else to turn to for guidance in the department during that period. A．must have done B．could have done C．would have done D．need have done 10．—I did really badly on the math test last week. —That’s a pity. But you ________  more practice exercises before the test. They were very important. A．ought to have done B．must have done C．can do D．might do 11．He safety glasses, but he wasn’t and, as a result, the hot steel badly damaged his eyes. A．had been wearing B．must have been wearing C．should be wearing D．ought to have been wearing 12．—You look very sleepy. You ________ late last night, didn’t you? —Yes. I had an important experiment to do. A．should stay up B．must stay up C．should have stayed up D．must have stayed up 13．Jim was not surprised at the exciting news at all; he ______ about it. A．must know B．must have known C．should know D．should have known 14．Bella looks so sad. She ________ the driving test yesterday afternoon. A．could fail B．must fail C．could have failed D．must have failed 15．Mrs. Brown was not surprised at the exciting news at all; she ______ about it. A．must have known B．must know C．can’t have known D．can’t know 16．Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He too much at the party last night. A．must drink B．should drink C．must have drunk D．should have drunk 17．My computer couldn’t start this morning. There ________ have been something wrong with it. A．must B．should C．can D．need 18．You ________ so slowly. I just needed a few seconds to get used to your voice. A．shouldn’t have spoken B．couldn’t have spoken C．don’t have to speak D．needn’t have spoken 19．The current canteen is no longer adequate for students, and a new facility ________  have been constructed years ago. A．may B．would C．should D．must 20．— I saw Mr. Zhang at the airport this morning. — It ________ him. He’s on a business trip in New York until Friday. A．couldn’t be B．shouldn’t have been C．mustn’t be D．can’t have been 二、翻译句子 1. 看地上这么多落叶，昨天晚上一定刮了很大的风。（must have done） 2. 我读小学的时候，常常在周末和同学一起去公园练习英语口语。（would） 3. 虽然任务难度很大，但我们小组最终还是成功按时完成了它。（were able to） 4. 为了取得更好的成绩，你本应该在考试前认真复习所有的重点知识。（should have done） 5. 以他的基础来看，他不可能在一小时内独立完成这篇英语短文写作。（can’t have done） 6. 因为家里突发急事，我昨天不得不提前离开学校赶回家中。（had to） 7. 这次练习非常简单，你本不必花费这么多时间反复去做准备。（needn’t have done） 8. 他没来上课，当时可能是身体不舒服所以请假在家休息了。（might have done） 9. 我本来可以在这次演讲中表现得更出色，只可惜当时太过紧张。（could have done） 10. 如果我当时了解全部情况，就会给你提出更合适的建议了。（would have done） 题型一 语法填空 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank When you scroll through social media, do you find yourself thinking you’ve somehow fallen behind in life? Whether it’s a friend’s exciting vacation, a family member’s professional milestones or an influencer’s flawless image, comparison is easy to fall into. But   1 it might feel normal to measure how you’re doing against others, comparisons can drain you   2 mental strength, chip away at your confidence, and take a toll on your well-being. Social media platforms aren’t innocently showing you other people’s lives—they’re intentionally designed to amplify comparison. Algorithms prioritize posts that are most likely to grab your attention, which often means showing content that sparks envy or admiration. If left 3 (uncheck), those comparison contents can steer us away from our own goals and values and leave us feeling stuck and resentful. On top of that, people tend to post their happiest moments and 4 (polish) images. Rarely do you see the sleepless nights, the financial stress, and the fighting couples 5 make up real life. Even the rare honest post about failure often comes with a triumphant comeback story, reinforcing the idea that success 6 quickly follow any setback. Fortunately, once you recognize it’s become a problem, you can learn to break free and regain your confidence. Here are science-backed strategies to help: 1 Create Your Definition of Success It’s hard to compare   7 to someone else if you’re crystal clear on what matters most to you. Create your own definition of success based on your values and goals. Write down what success looks like for you. When you feel the urge to compare, 8 (revisit) this definition to remind yourself that you’re running your own race—not someone else’s. 2 See Others as Sources of Inspiration, Not Competition When someone achieves something you want, resist the urge to frame them as a competitor. Instead, shift your perspective and view them as an “opinion holder” you might learn from. Remember, someone else’s success doesn’t diminish your own. 3 Be Selective About Social Media Social media can be both a blessing and a curse, depending on 9 you engage with it. Pay attention to the accounts you follow. Remember, someone else’s success doesn’t diminish your own. Take steps today 10 (invest) in your mental strength and don’t let comparison steal your time and confidence. Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Draco Malfoy becomes unlikely Chinese New Year mascot in China An unlikely Chinese New Year mascot has popped up in China this year — Draco Malfoy. Tom Felton is best known for his role in the Harry Potter series, but now, the actor is also making 1 appearance in some Chinese houses, with e-commerce sites selling festive decor prominently 2 (feature) his face. His sudden popularity is 3 4 his Chinese translation of his name Malfoy, Ma-er-fu. It contains the words for horse and fortune, ringing especially auspicious for the upcoming Year of the Horse. Harry Potter is hugely popular in China, 5 hundreds of millions of its books are sold. A re-release of the series’ first film in 2020 grossed more than 90 million yuan ($13.6m; £9.4m) in three days. Ahead of Chinese New Year this month, some Chinese households typically decorate their doors with couplets — a set of auspicious writings heralding health and prosperity in the new year. 6 decorate their houses with fuzi — red square papers printed with the Chinese word for prosperity. They   7 (commonly) hang upside down to symbolize luck arriving in the household,   8 the Chinese word for upside down has the same pronunciation as the word for arrival. On Chinese social media, pictures show some users sticking couplets or upside down pictures of Malfoy’s signature smirk. Merchants on e-commerce site Taobao are also seizing on the trend, coming up with stickers and magnets featuring the Harry Potter character. Someone began sharing photos of the character, saying: “Share this image for good fortune”. “[It’s an] oriental new year with magical elements,” one user on social media site Weibo commented. “Felix Felicis!” said one comment, a reference to a potion (药剂) in the series that 9 make the drinker lucky for a period of time. Interestingly, the Malfoy themed Chinese New Year decor 10 (catch) the eye of actor Felton lately, who reshared an Instagram story about his character becoming a “symbol of Chinese New Year in China” His acknowledgement made Chinese social media even more excited, with many fans praising him with the hashtag “Malfoy himself is 100% hilarious”. The wizard franchise enjoys a fervent and huge fanbase in China — and Warner Bros Discovery has announced plans to open the largest Making Of Harry Potter studio tour in Shanghai in 2027. 题型二 阅读理解 Once a year, Ursula Bannister climbs to High Rock Lookout, a viewpoint near Ashford, Washington, where she scattered her mother’s ashes 23 years ago. She usually hikes with someone along the 3.2-mile trail. Last August, Bannister, then 79, went off on her own, figuring she’d be fine because she’s an experienced hiker. She arrived at the trail at around 11 a.m. and made her way to the lookout. As she headed back down, her foot got caught in a hole in the ground. She fell forward. “By the time I sat up, my foot was pointing the wrong way. I knew right away I had broken my leg.” Bannister says. She cried out for help, and before long, a stranger approached and called 911. They were told a search and rescue team would arrive in five hours. “It wasn’t very encouraging.” Bannister says. “I asked this man to please ask anybody if they had painkillers, because at that point the pain was pretty substantial.” No one in the vicinity did. But two young men came over to see what was going on. When they saw Bannister on the ground in agony, they made an offer. They could carry the injured woman to the bottom of the trail. Troy May, an Air Force airman stationed at Joint Base Lewis McChord, had hiked up to the lookout that day with his friend Layton Allen. “I know I was capable of carrying her down,” says May, then 20. “I really didn’t make much of a decision; I just know I needed to carry her down if I could.” May eased Bannister onto his back and started hiking downward. He carried her for most of the nearly three-hour journey, and Allen carried her for the rest. Others pitched in as well: Shortly into the hike May, who was wearing cowboy boots, got blisters on the bottom of one foot. A man on the trail saw the situation and gave May his shoes, then continued on in his socks. “That was just one kindness,” says Bannister. A couple hiking that day also lent a hand. One, a physical therapist, bandaged Bannister’s foot and built a makeshift splint for her leg out of wooden scraps. The other, an occupational therapist, did breathing exercises with her to help calm her. “I was just overwhelmed with gratitude that these people literally came out of the woods to help me,” she says. During the long hike down, her rescuers shared stories and asked Bannister about her own life to distract her from the mounting pain. Their efforts to distract her worked, Bannister says. “If I didn’t focus on my pain, I didn’t scream quite as loudly,” she says. Once they reached the parking lot, Allen drove Bannister to the Tacoma General Hospital, about two hours away, and May followed them in his car. At the hospital, Bannister learned that she had broken her leg in three places — tibia, fibula and heel bone. “The emergency team was very impressed by the splint that the therapist had built,” says Bannister, adding that doctors told her the damage likely would have been worse had she waited longer to get medical attention. She arrived home that night at 1 a.m. with crutches and had to wait a week for the swelling to go down before she could undergo surgery. During her recovery, the people who helped her down from High Rock Lookout have checked in several times. “I think we’ll be friends for a really long time,” Bannister says. 1．What directly led to Ursula Bannister needing rescue during her hike? A．Severe weather conditions on the mountain trail. B．A fall caused by her foot trapped in a ground hole. C．Losing her way while descending alone. D．Exhaustion from the steep and lengthy climb. 2．How did the occupational therapist contribute to Bannister’s rescue? A．By carrying her down the mountain when others grew tired. B．By constructing a splint from wooden scraps for her leg. C．By alleviating her suffering with breathing exercises. D．By driving her to the hospital for immediate surgery. 3．The underlined sentence “...these people literally came out of the woods to help me” implies that the helpers______. A．were wildlife experts familiar with forest terrain. B．unexpectedly appeared from remote areas of the trail. C．required navigation through dense vegetation to reach her. D．intentionally hid in the woods before offering assistance. 4．What is the primary theme of the story? A．The necessity of professional medical training in wilderness emergencies. B．The risks elderly individuals face when engaging in strenuous outdoor activities. C．The profound impact of collective kindness from strangers in crises. D．The importance of advanced planning for solo hiking expeditions. Mr. Bingley had soon made himself acquainted with all the principal people in the room; he was lively and unreserved, danced every dance, and talked of giving one himself at Netherfield. Such friendly qualities must speak for themselves. What a contrast between him and his friend! Mr. Darcy danced only once with Mrs. Hurst and once with Miss Bingley, declined being introduced to any other lady, and spent the rest of the evening in walking about the room, speaking occasionally to one of his own party. His character was decided. Among the most violent against him was Mrs. Bennet, whose dislike of his general behavior was sharpened into particular anger by his having slighted one of her daughters. Elizabeth Bennet had been obliged, by the scarcity of gentlemen, to sit down for two dances; and during part of that time Mr. Darcy had stood near enough for her to overhear a conversation between him and Mr. Bingley, who came from the dance for a few minutes to press his friend to join it. “Come, Darcy,” said he, “I must have you dance. I hate to see you standing about by yourself in this stupid manner. You had much better dance.” “I certainly shall not. You know how I hate it, unless I am particularly familiar with my partner. At such an assembly as this it would be insupportable. Your sisters are engaged, and there is not another woman in the room whom it would not be a punishment for me to stand up with.” “Upon my honor, I never met with so many pleasant girls in my life as I have this evening; and there are several of them uncommonly pretty.” “You are dancing with the only handsome girl in the room,” said Mr. Darcy, looking at the eldest Miss Bennet. “Oh! She is the most beautiful creature I ever beheld! But there is one of her sisters sitting down just behind you, who is very pretty, and I dare say very agreeable. Do let me ask my partner to introduce you.” “Which do you mean?” And turning round, he looked for a moment at Elizabeth, till catching her eye, he withdrew his own and coldly said, “She is tolerable, but not handsome enough to tempt me.” 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．A comparison between two gentlemen’s social behavior at a ball. B．Mr. Darcy’s gradual acceptance of the local community. C．The reasons behind Mr. Bingley’s popularity at Netherfield. D．Mrs. Bennet’s efforts to introduce her daughters to eligible men. 2．Why does Mr. Darcy refuse to dance at the assembly? A．He considers it beneath him to dance with unfamiliar partners. B．He has already fulfilled his social obligations for the evening. C．He finds the assembly too crowded to enjoy dancing. D．He is waiting for a more suitable partner to arrive. 3．Based on the entire passage, why is Mrs. Bennet so offended by Mr. Darcy? A．He publicly refuses to be introduced to her or any other lady. B．He makes a dismissive comment on her daughter’s appearance. C．He refuses to dance with any girl despite Mr Bingley’s persuasion. D．He ignores her repeated attempts to engage her in conversations. 4．What can be inferred about Mr. Darcy’s character from the passage? A．He values social status but is willing to compromise for close friends. B．He is shy in social situations but polite when directly addressed. C．He is proud and is selective about his companions. D．He judges people’s worth primarily by their physical appearance. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Words 核心语法精练（情态动词表过去） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单项选择 3 二、翻译句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 14 一、直接陈述过去的事实（客观过去） 1. would：过去常常、过去反复的习惯 When I was young, I would read English novels before going to bed. 翻译：我小时候，常常在睡前读英文小说。 2. could：过去具备的一般能力 / 过去被允许 He could speak three foreign languages when he was at college. 翻译：他上大学时就会说三门外语。 3. was/were able to：过去成功做成某事（强调结果） Though it was raining hard, we were able to arrive at school on time. 翻译：尽管雨下得很大，我们还是准时赶到了学校。 4. had to：过去必须、不得不（must 的过去式） I had to get up early to catch the school bus yesterday morning. 翻译：昨天早上我不得不早起赶校车。 二、情态动词 + have done（对过去的推测） 1. must have done：过去一定做了（肯定推测） The light is off, so he must have gone to bed already. 翻译：灯关了，他一定已经睡觉了。 2. may/might have done：过去可能做了（不确定） He is not here. He might have gone to the library. 翻译：他不在这里，可能去图书馆了。 3. can’t/couldn’t have done：过去不可能做了（否定推测） He can’t have finished the work in such a short time. 翻译：他不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项工作。 三、情态动词 + have done（对过去的虚拟/责备/遗憾） 1. should have done：本应该做（实际没做） You should have told me the truth earlier. 翻译：你本应该早点告诉我真相。 2. shouldn’t have done：本不该做（实际做了） You shouldn’t have wasted so much time on computer games. 翻译：你本不该在电脑游戏上浪费这么多时间。 3. could have done：本能够做（实际没做） I could have passed the exam if I had worked harder. 翻译：要是我再努力一点，本可以通过这次考试的。 4. needn’t have done：本不必做（实际做了） You needn’t have bought so much bread for breakfast. 翻译：你本不必买这么多面包当早餐。 5. would have done：本会做（虚拟语气主句） If I had had time, I would have visited you last week. 翻译：如果上周我有时间，本会去看望你的。 一、单项选择 1．—Do you think the missing file was deleted by accident? —No, it _________ have been deleted accidentally. The system logs show intentional removal. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．couldn’t 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：—— 你认为丢失的文件是被意外删除的吗？—— 不，它不可能是被意外删除的。系统日志显示是故意删除的。设空处表示对过去事情的否定推测，结合句意及下文“The system logs show intentional removal.”可知是“不可能”，应用couldn't。故选D。 2．The volunteers ________ brave the elements to rescue the injured creatures after the earthquake. A．had to B．might C．could D．may 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：地震发生后，志愿者们冒着恶劣天气条件，去营救那些受伤的动物。A. had to客观条件下的不得不；B. might可能；或许；C. could能够，或过去的可能性，侧重能力而非客观迫使的情况；D. may可能；或许。强调因地震后的紧急状况，志愿者们迫不得已冒着恶劣天气开展救援，用have to。故选A。 3．—You ______ have finished the report already; it’s only been an hour. —Believe it or not, I made it. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．couldn’t 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：——你不可能已经完成了那份报告的，毕竟才过了一个小时嘛。——信不信由你，我做到了。A. mustn’t禁止；B. needn’t不必；C. shouldn’t不应该；D. couldn’t不可能。根据后文“it’s only been an hour.”可知，表示不可能已经完成了那份报告的。故选D。 4．But for his encouragement, she ________ her dream of becoming a musician. A．might pursue B．may pursue C．hadn’t pursued D．might not have pursued 【答案】D 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是他的鼓励，她或许就不会追求自己成为音乐家的梦想了。A. might pursue可能追求；B. may pursue可以追求；C. hadn’t pursued过去没有追求；D. might not have pursued或许本不会追求。But for表示含蓄虚拟，相当于if it had not been for his encouragement，是对过去情况的虚拟，主句应用would /might/could + have done 结构。结合语境可知，空格处应表达 “或许本不会追求”，用might not have pursued。故选D。 5．Something terrible __________ if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant __________ he always did. A．should have happened; what B．could have happened; as C．must happen; as D．could happen; what 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词+have done和方式状语从句。句意：如果李昌不像往常那样来他的餐馆吃饭，那可能是发生了什么糟糕的事。根据“was not coming”可知，第一空表示对过去事实的可能性的推测，需用could have done；第二空，as he always did意为“像他往常一样”，as 引导方式状语从句，意为 “如同，像…… 一样”。故选B。 6．— I called you at 8 o’clock last night, but you didn’t pick up. — Oh, I’m sorry. I ________ in the library. I usually study there at that time. A．can have been B．should have been C．would have been D．could have been 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：—— 我昨晚八点给你打电话了，但你没接。—— 哦，对不起。我当时可能在图书馆。我通常那个时候在那里学习。A. can have been 可能是（通常用于被动句）；B. should have been 本应该（却没）；C. would have been 本来会（虚拟）；D. could have been 可能已经（对过去的推测）。根据“I usually study there at that time(我通常那个时候在那里学习)”可知本句是对“当时可能在图书馆”进行推测，是对过去的推测。故选D项。 7．— Jack fell off a ladder yesterday but he’s all right. — He’s lucky — he _________ himself badly. A．must have hurt B．could have hurt C．shouldn’t have hurt D．wouldn’t have hurt 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——杰克昨天从梯子上摔下来了，但他没事。——他很幸运——他可能会伤得很重。A. must have hurt一定已经伤害到；B. could have hurt本来可能伤害到；C. shouldn’t have hurt本不应该伤害到；D. wouldn’t have hurt本不会伤害到。根据“He’s lucky”可知，杰克本来可能会伤得很重但实际上并没有，用“could have done”表示对过去可能发生情况的推测。故选B项。 8．She ________ the driving test again. She has failed three times up to now, so she looks really upset. A．can have failed B．might have failed C．should have failed D．must have failed 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：她肯定驾驶考试又没及格。到目前为止她已经失败三次了，所以她看起来真的很沮丧。A. can have failed可能没通过(通常不用在肯定句中表推测)；B. might have failed可能没通过(表示对过去事情的可能性推测，语气较弱)；C. should have failed本应该没通过(实际上却通过了，含有责备的意味)；D. must have failed肯定没通过(表示对过去事情的肯定推测)。根据“She has failed three times up to now, so she looks really upset.”可知，她已经失败三次了，所以此处表示对过去事情的肯定推测，应用“must have done”结构。故选D项。 9．Leo managed to finish the essay. He ________ it all by himself, for there was no one else to turn to for guidance in the department during that period. A．must have done B．could have done C．would have done D．need have done 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：Leo设法完成了论文。他一定是独立完成的，因为在那段时期，系里没有其他人可以寻求指导。A. must have done一定做了某事，对过去事实的肯定推测；B. could have done过去本可以做但未做；C. would have done本会做某事（但未发生），常用于虚拟语气；D. need have done本有必要做某事（但未做）。句子前半句说“Leo设法完成了论文”，后半句补充说明“因为在那段时期，系里没有其他人可以寻求指导”，这表明“独立完成论文”是对过去事实的肯定推测，用must have done“一定做了某事”。故选A。 10．—I did really badly on the math test last week. —That’s a pity. But you ________  more practice exercises before the test. They were very important. A．ought to have done B．must have done C．can do D．might do 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——上周我的数学考试考得非常糟糕。——真遗憾。但你本应该在考试前多做一些练习题的。这些练习题非常重要。A. ought to have done过去本应该做某事（但实际上没做）；B. must have done一定做了，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；C. can do能做；D. might do可能做。can do，might do表示现在的推测，不能表示过去本应做的事，故排除。根据上文“I did really badly on the math test last week.”可知事实对方没有做练习，因此，表示对方过去应该做练习。故选A。 11．He safety glasses, but he wasn’t and, as a result, the hot steel badly damaged his eyes. A．had been wearing B．must have been wearing C．should be wearing D．ought to have been wearing 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词+have done。 句意：他本应该一直戴着安全眼镜，但他没有戴，结果滚烫的钢严重损伤了他的眼睛。 A. had been wearing为过去完成进行时，表过去某个时间之前一直在进行的动作，此句并非强调过去一直戴眼镜的持续性动作，不符合语境。 B. must have been wearing是对过去某个时刻正在发生事情的肯定推测，意为“过去一定一直在做某事” ，该句重点不是推测他过去戴眼镜，不符合句子意思。 C. should be wearing中should表“应该”，be wearing为现在进行时形式，意思是“现在应该正戴着”，与句子所描述的过去情况不符。 D. ought to have been wearing，ought to have done表示“本应该做某事（而实际上没做）”，ought to have been wearing即“本应该一直戴着（而实际上没戴）”，符合该句所表达的“他本应戴却没戴，导致眼睛受伤”的语境。故选D。 12．—You look very sleepy. You ________ late last night, didn’t you? —Yes. I had an important experiment to do. A．should stay up B．must stay up C．should have stayed up D．must have stayed up 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——你看起来很困。你昨晚一定熬夜了，对吧？——是的，我有一个重要的实验要做。根据“You look very sleepy.”和“didn’t you”可知，句子是对过去情况的肯定推测，用 must have +过去分词。故选D。 13．Jim was not surprised at the exciting news at all; he ______ about it. A．must know B．must have known C．should know D．should have known 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词表推测的用法辨析。句意：吉姆对这个令人兴奋的消息一点也不惊讶；他一定早就知道这件事了。A. must know一定知道（表对现在情况的肯定推测）；B. must have known一定已经知道（表对过去情况的肯定推测）；C. should know应该知道（表责任、义务或对现在的建议）；D. should have known本应该知道（表对过去事情的虚拟，暗含 “实际不知道” 的意味）。根据“Jim was not surprised at the exciting news at all”可知，“不惊讶” 的前提是他在消息传来之前（过去）就已经知道了，此处是对过去情况的肯定推测，must have known符合语境。故选B。 14．Bella looks so sad. She ________ the driving test yesterday afternoon. A．could fail B．must fail C．could have failed D．must have failed 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：贝拉看起来很伤心。她昨天下午肯定没通过驾驶考试。A. could fail可能会失败（表现在/将来的可能性）；B. must fail肯定会失败（表现 /将来的确定性推测）；C. could have failed可能没通过（表对过去的不确定推测）；D. must have failed肯定没通过（表对过去的确定性推测）。结合Bella looks so sad（贝拉看起来很伤心）可知，此处是很肯定地推测她昨天没通过考试。must have done表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测。故选D项。 15．Mrs. Brown was not surprised at the exciting news at all; she ______ about it. A．must have known B．must know C．can’t have known D．can’t know 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：布朗夫人对这个激动人心的消息毫不惊讶；她肯定早就知道了。根据“Mrs. Brown was not surprised at the exciting news at all”可知，此处是推测她事先肯定已知情，“must have+过去分词”用于对过去事件的确信推测。故选A。 16．Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He too much at the party last night. A．must drink B．should drink C．must have drunk D．should have drunk 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：哈利感觉不太舒服。他昨晚在聚会上肯定喝得太多了。根据时间状语“last night”以及上文“Harry is feeling uncomfortable.”可知，此处对过去的肯定猜测，表示“肯定做了某事”用must have done。故选C。 17．My computer couldn’t start this morning. There ________ have been something wrong with it. A．must B．should C．can D．need 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：今天早上我的电脑无法启动，它一定是出什么问题了。A. must一定；B. should应该；C. can可能；D. need需要。“must have done”表示对过去情况的肯定推测，意为“一定做了某事”，根据上文“My computer couldn’t start this morning.”可知，电脑无法启动，所以推测它一定是出问题了，A选项符合语境。故选A。 18．You ________ so slowly. I just needed a few seconds to get used to your voice. A．shouldn’t have spoken B．couldn’t have spoken C．don’t have to speak D．needn’t have spoken 【答案】D 【详解】考查“情态动词 + 完成式”的用法辨析。句意：你本不必说得这么慢，我只需要几秒钟就能适应你的声音。A. shouldn’t have spoken，意为“本不应该说（却做了）”，侧重“指责、建议不该做”；B. couldn’t have spoken，意为“过去不可能说”，表示对过去的否定推测；C. don’t have to speak，意为“没必要说”，是一般现在时，无法对应后半句的过去时态，注意排除；D. needn’t have spoken，意为“本不必说（但实际说了）”，既契合“说得慢没必要”的语义，又匹配句子的过去语境。故选D项。 19．The current canteen is no longer adequate for students, and a new facility ________  have been constructed years ago. A．may B．would C．should D．must 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：现在的食堂已经不再能满足学生的需求了，新食堂本应该在几年前就建好的。A. may可能；B. would将会，愿意；C. should应该；D. must必须，一定。should have done表示“本应该做某事（而实际上未做）”，结合语境，新食堂本应在几年前就建好，实际没有建，符合语境。故选C。 20．— I saw Mr. Zhang at the airport this morning. — It ________ him. He’s on a business trip in New York until Friday. A．couldn’t be B．shouldn’t have been C．mustn’t be D．can’t have been 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——今天早上我在机场看到张先生了。——不可能是他，他要在纽约出差到周五呢。根据“saw”可知，看到张先生是过去发生的事，需对过去情况进行否定推测，应用can’t/ couldn’t have done，意为“不可能是”。故选D。 二、翻译句子 1. 看地上这么多落叶，昨天晚上一定刮了很大的风。（must have done） 2. 我读小学的时候，常常在周末和同学一起去公园练习英语口语。（would） 3. 虽然任务难度很大，但我们小组最终还是成功按时完成了它。（were able to） 4. 为了取得更好的成绩，你本应该在考试前认真复习所有的重点知识。（should have done） 5. 以他的基础来看，他不可能在一小时内独立完成这篇英语短文写作。（can’t have done） 6. 因为家里突发急事，我昨天不得不提前离开学校赶回家中。（had to） 7. 这次练习非常简单，你本不必花费这么多时间反复去做准备。（needn’t have done） 8. 他没来上课，当时可能是身体不舒服所以请假在家休息了。（might have done） 9. 我本来可以在这次演讲中表现得更出色，只可惜当时太过紧张。（could have done） 10. 如果我当时了解全部情况，就会给你提出更合适的建议了。（would have done） 参考答案 1. It must have blown strongly last night, judging from so many fallen leaves on the ground. 2. When I was in primary school, I would practice oral English with my classmates in the park at weekends. 3. Although the task was very difficult, our group were able to finish it on time in the end. 4. To get better grades, you should have reviewed all the key knowledge carefully before the exam. 5. Judging from his foundation, he can’t have finished this English short writing independently in an hour. 6. I had to leave school early and hurry home yesterday because of an unexpected emergency at home. 7. This exercise is very simple, and you needn’t have spent so much time preparing for it repeatedly. 8. He didn’t come to class, and he might have felt unwell and asked for leave to rest at home then. 9. I could have performed better in this speech, but I was just too nervous at that time. 10. If I had known all the facts then, I would have given you more suitable suggestions. 题型一 语法填空 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank When you scroll through social media, do you find yourself thinking you’ve somehow fallen behind in life? Whether it’s a friend’s exciting vacation, a family member’s professional milestones or an influencer’s flawless image, comparison is easy to fall into. But   1 it might feel normal to measure how you’re doing against others, comparisons can drain you   2 mental strength, chip away at your confidence, and take a toll on your well-being. Social media platforms aren’t innocently showing you other people’s lives—they’re intentionally designed to amplify comparison. Algorithms prioritize posts that are most likely to grab your attention, which often means showing content that sparks envy or admiration. If left 3 (uncheck), those comparison contents can steer us away from our own goals and values and leave us feeling stuck and resentful. On top of that, people tend to post their happiest moments and 4 (polish) images. Rarely do you see the sleepless nights, the financial stress, and the fighting couples 5 make up real life. Even the rare honest post about failure often comes with a triumphant comeback story, reinforcing the idea that success 6 quickly follow any setback. Fortunately, once you recognize it’s become a problem, you can learn to break free and regain your confidence. Here are science-backed strategies to help: 1 Create Your Definition of Success It’s hard to compare   7 to someone else if you’re crystal clear on what matters most to you. Create your own definition of success based on your values and goals. Write down what success looks like for you. When you feel the urge to compare, 8 (revisit) this definition to remind yourself that you’re running your own race—not someone else’s. 2 See Others as Sources of Inspiration, Not Competition When someone achieves something you want, resist the urge to frame them as a competitor. Instead, shift your perspective and view them as an “opinion holder” you might learn from. Remember, someone else’s success doesn’t diminish your own. 3 Be Selective About Social Media Social media can be both a blessing and a curse, depending on 9 you engage with it. Pay attention to the accounts you follow. Remember, someone else’s success doesn’t diminish your own. Take steps today 10 (invest) in your mental strength and don’t let comparison steal your time and confidence. 【答案】 1．while/although/though 2．of 3．unchecked 4．polished 5．that 6．should 7．yourself 8．revisit 9．how 10．to invest 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍社交媒体易引发攀比心理，带来精神内耗，并给出科学应对方法。 1．考查连词。句意：虽然拿自己和别人比较可能感觉很正常，但这种比较会消耗你的精神力量，削弱你的自信，并损害你的幸福感。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”，所以用while/although/though。故填while/although/though。 2．考查介词。句意：虽然拿自己和别人比较可能感觉很正常，但这种比较会消耗你的精神力量，削弱你的自信，并损害你的幸福感。此处为固定搭配drain sb. of sth.，意为“耗尽某人的某物”，所以用介词of。故填of。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果放任不管，这些攀比内容会让我们偏离自己的目标和价值观，让我们感到陷入困境和怨恨。此处为“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”结构的被动形式，uncheck与逻辑主语those comparison contents之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词unchecked。故填unchecked。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：除此之外，人们往往发布自己最快乐的时刻和经过美化的形象。此处作定语修饰名词images，polish与images之间为被动关系，表示“被美化的”，所以用过去分词polished。故填polished。 5．考查定语从句。句意：你很少看到构成真实生活的不眠之夜、经济压力和争吵的夫妻。此处引导定语从句，先行词为the sleepless nights, the financial stress, and the fighting couples，既有人又有物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that。故填that。 6．考查情态动词。句意：即使是罕见的关于失败的真诚帖子，也往往伴随着成功的复出故事，强化了任何挫折后成功都应该迅速到来的观念。空后为动词原形，应为情态动词，结合句意，此处表示“应该”，用于表达观点、建议，所以用情态动词should。故填should。 7．考查代词。句意：如果你清楚什么对你最重要，就很难拿自己和别人比较。此处表示“比较你自己”，与主语you呼应，所以用反身代词yourself。故填yourself。 8．考查动词时态。句意：当你有攀比的冲动时，重温这个定义，提醒自己你在跑自己的赛跑，而不是别人的。此处为祈使句，用动词原形开头，所以用revisit。故填revisit。 9．考查宾语从句。句意：社交媒体可能是福也可能是祸，这取决于你如何使用它。此处引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语，表示“如何”，在从句中作方式状语，所以用连接副词how。故填how。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：今天就采取措施增强你的精神力量，不要让攀比偷走你的时间和自信。此处作目的状语，表示“为了投入”，所以用动词不定式to invest。故填to invest。 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Draco Malfoy becomes unlikely Chinese New Year mascot in China An unlikely Chinese New Year mascot has popped up in China this year — Draco Malfoy. Tom Felton is best known for his role in the Harry Potter series, but now, the actor is also making 1 appearance in some Chinese houses, with e-commerce sites selling festive decor prominently 2 (feature) his face. His sudden popularity is 3 4 his Chinese translation of his name Malfoy, Ma-er-fu. It contains the words for horse and fortune, ringing especially auspicious for the upcoming Year of the Horse. Harry Potter is hugely popular in China, 5 hundreds of millions of its books are sold. A re-release of the series’ first film in 2020 grossed more than 90 million yuan ($13.6m; £9.4m) in three days. Ahead of Chinese New Year this month, some Chinese households typically decorate their doors with couplets — a set of auspicious writings heralding health and prosperity in the new year. 6 decorate their houses with fuzi — red square papers printed with the Chinese word for prosperity. They   7 (commonly) hang upside down to symbolize luck arriving in the household,   8 the Chinese word for upside down has the same pronunciation as the word for arrival. On Chinese social media, pictures show some users sticking couplets or upside down pictures of Malfoy’s signature smirk. Merchants on e-commerce site Taobao are also seizing on the trend, coming up with stickers and magnets featuring the Harry Potter character. Someone began sharing photos of the character, saying: “Share this image for good fortune”. “[It’s an] oriental new year with magical elements,” one user on social media site Weibo commented. “Felix Felicis!” said one comment, a reference to a potion (药剂) in the series that 9 make the drinker lucky for a period of time. Interestingly, the Malfoy themed Chinese New Year decor 10 (catch) the eye of actor Felton lately, who reshared an Instagram story about his character becoming a “symbol of Chinese New Year in China” His acknowledgement made Chinese social media even more excited, with many fans praising him with the hashtag “Malfoy himself is 100% hilarious”. The wizard franchise enjoys a fervent and huge fanbase in China — and Warner Bros Discovery has announced plans to open the largest Making Of Harry Potter studio tour in Shanghai in 2027. 【答案】 1．an 2．featuring 3．thanks 4．to 5．where 6．Others 7．commonly 8．because/as 9．can 10．has caught 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了《哈利・波特》中的角色德拉科・马尔福意外成为中国新年吉祥物的现象、原因及相关反响。 1．考查冠词。句意：汤姆・费尔顿最出名的是他在《哈利・波特》系列中饰演的角色，但现在，这位演员也出现在了一些中国家庭中，电商平台上销售的节日装饰品显著地印着他的脸。appearance为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，此处表示“一次出现”，为泛指，且appearance是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：汤姆・费尔顿最出名的是他在《哈利・波特》系列中饰演的角色，但现在，这位演员也出现在了一些中国家庭中，电商平台上销售的节日装饰品显著地印着他的脸。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词 are selling，此处应用非谓语动词，decor与feature之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填featuring。 3．考查固定短语。句意：他突然走红多亏了他名字马尔福的中文翻译 —— 马尔福（Ma-er-fu）。根据后文“his Chinese translation of his name Malfoy, Ma-er-fu”可知，此处表示走红的原因，thanks to为固定短语，意为“多亏”，符合语境。故填thanks。 4．考查固定短语。句意：他突然走红多亏了他名字马尔福的中文翻译 —— 马尔福（Ma-er-fu）。结合小题3的解析，此处为短语thanks to，表原因，故填to。 5．考查定语从句。句意：《哈利・波特》在中国非常受欢迎，其书籍销量达数亿册。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为China，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。 6．考查代词。句意：另一些人则用福字装饰他们的房子 —— 印有中文“福”字的红色方形纸。前文提到“some Chinese households typically decorate their doors with couplets”此处对应表示“另一些人”，others为代词，意为“另一些人或物”，符合语境，句首首字母大写。故填Others。 7．考查副词。句意：它们通常被倒挂着，象征着好运进入家中，因为中文里“倒”和“到”发音相同。此处修饰动词hang，应用副词，commonly为副词，意为“通常地”。故填commonly。 8．考查连词。句意：它们通常被倒挂着，象征着好运进入家中，因为中文里“倒”和“到”发音相同。结合句意可知，后文“the Chinese word for upside down has the same pronunciation as the word for arrival”是前文“hang upside down to symbolize luck arriving in the household”的原因，所以用连词because/as引导原因状语从句。故填because/as。 9．考查情态动词。句意：社交媒体网站微博上的一位用户评论道：“东方新年与魔法元素的结合。”另一条评论说：“Felix Felicis！”，指的是系列中一种能让饮用者在一段时间内获得好运的药剂。结合句意可知，此处表示“能、可以”，用情态动词can，符合语境。故填can。 10．考查动词时态。句意：有趣的是，以马尔福为主题的中国新年装饰品最近引起了演员费尔顿的注意，他转发了一条关于他的角色成为“中国新年象征”的Instagram故事。根据时间状语lately可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语the Malfoy themed Chinese New Year decor为单数，所以用has caught。故填has caught。 题型二 阅读理解 Once a year, Ursula Bannister climbs to High Rock Lookout, a viewpoint near Ashford, Washington, where she scattered her mother’s ashes 23 years ago. She usually hikes with someone along the 3.2-mile trail. Last August, Bannister, then 79, went off on her own, figuring she’d be fine because she’s an experienced hiker. She arrived at the trail at around 11 a.m. and made her way to the lookout. As she headed back down, her foot got caught in a hole in the ground. She fell forward. “By the time I sat up, my foot was pointing the wrong way. I knew right away I had broken my leg.” Bannister says. She cried out for help, and before long, a stranger approached and called 911. They were told a search and rescue team would arrive in five hours. “It wasn’t very encouraging.” Bannister says. “I asked this man to please ask anybody if they had painkillers, because at that point the pain was pretty substantial.” No one in the vicinity did. But two young men came over to see what was going on. When they saw Bannister on the ground in agony, they made an offer. They could carry the injured woman to the bottom of the trail. Troy May, an Air Force airman stationed at Joint Base Lewis McChord, had hiked up to the lookout that day with his friend Layton Allen. “I know I was capable of carrying her down,” says May, then 20. “I really didn’t make much of a decision; I just know I needed to carry her down if I could.” May eased Bannister onto his back and started hiking downward. He carried her for most of the nearly three-hour journey, and Allen carried her for the rest. Others pitched in as well: Shortly into the hike May, who was wearing cowboy boots, got blisters on the bottom of one foot. A man on the trail saw the situation and gave May his shoes, then continued on in his socks. “That was just one kindness,” says Bannister. A couple hiking that day also lent a hand. One, a physical therapist, bandaged Bannister’s foot and built a makeshift splint for her leg out of wooden scraps. The other, an occupational therapist, did breathing exercises with her to help calm her. “I was just overwhelmed with gratitude that these people literally came out of the woods to help me,” she says. During the long hike down, her rescuers shared stories and asked Bannister about her own life to distract her from the mounting pain. Their efforts to distract her worked, Bannister says. “If I didn’t focus on my pain, I didn’t scream quite as loudly,” she says. Once they reached the parking lot, Allen drove Bannister to the Tacoma General Hospital, about two hours away, and May followed them in his car. At the hospital, Bannister learned that she had broken her leg in three places — tibia, fibula and heel bone. “The emergency team was very impressed by the splint that the therapist had built,” says Bannister, adding that doctors told her the damage likely would have been worse had she waited longer to get medical attention. She arrived home that night at 1 a.m. with crutches and had to wait a week for the swelling to go down before she could undergo surgery. During her recovery, the people who helped her down from High Rock Lookout have checked in several times. “I think we’ll be friends for a really long time,” Bannister says. 1．What directly led to Ursula Bannister needing rescue during her hike? A．Severe weather conditions on the mountain trail. B．A fall caused by her foot trapped in a ground hole. C．Losing her way while descending alone. D．Exhaustion from the steep and lengthy climb. 2．How did the occupational therapist contribute to Bannister’s rescue? A．By carrying her down the mountain when others grew tired. B．By constructing a splint from wooden scraps for her leg. C．By alleviating her suffering with breathing exercises. D．By driving her to the hospital for immediate surgery. 3．The underlined sentence “...these people literally came out of the woods to help me” implies that the helpers______. A．were wildlife experts familiar with forest terrain. B．unexpectedly appeared from remote areas of the trail. C．required navigation through dense vegetation to reach her. D．intentionally hid in the woods before offering assistance. 4．What is the primary theme of the story? A．The necessity of professional medical training in wilderness emergencies. B．The risks elderly individuals face when engaging in strenuous outdoor activities. C．The profound impact of collective kindness from strangers in crises. D．The importance of advanced planning for solo hiking expeditions. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了79岁的厄休拉·班尼斯特独自徒步旅行时，因脚被地面的洞卡住摔倒骨折，在困境中得到众多陌生人帮助的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“As she headed back down, her foot got caught in a hole in the ground. She fell forward.(当她往回走的时候，她的脚被地上的一个洞卡住了。她向前摔倒了。)”以及第三段““By the time I sat up, my foot was pointing the wrong way. I knew right away I had broken my leg.” Bannister says.(班尼斯特说：“等我坐起来的时候，我的脚指向了错误的方向。我立刻就知道我的腿断了。)”可知，直接导致厄休拉·班尼斯特在徒步旅行中需要救援的原因是她的脚被地上的洞卡住而摔倒，故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第九段“The other, an occupational therapist, did breathing exercises with her to help calm her.(另一位是职业治疗师，和她一起做呼吸练习来帮助她平静下来)”可知，职业治疗师通过陪她做呼吸练习来减轻她的痛苦，为救援做出了贡献，故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第九段““I was just overwhelmed with gratitude that these people literally came out of the woods to help me,” she says.(她说：“这些人真的从树林里出来帮助我，我感激不已”)”可知，这里“came out of the woods”形象地表明这些帮助她的人就像是突然从树林里出现一样，出乎她的意料，B选项“unexpectedly appeared from remote areas of the trail(意外地从偏远的山路区域出现)”符合语境。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。文章讲述了班尼斯特在徒步受伤后，得到了众多陌生人如呼叫救援、背她下山、提供鞋子、做夹板、陪做呼吸练习、开车送医等帮助，这些陌生人的善意对处于危机中的她产生了深刻影响，C选项“The profound impact of collective kindness from strangers in crises.(危机中陌生人集体善意的深刻影响)能概括文章主题。故选C项。 Mr. Bingley had soon made himself acquainted with all the principal people in the room; he was lively and unreserved, danced every dance, and talked of giving one himself at Netherfield. Such friendly qualities must speak for themselves. What a contrast between him and his friend! Mr. Darcy danced only once with Mrs. Hurst and once with Miss Bingley, declined being introduced to any other lady, and spent the rest of the evening in walking about the room, speaking occasionally to one of his own party. His character was decided. Among the most violent against him was Mrs. Bennet, whose dislike of his general behavior was sharpened into particular anger by his having slighted one of her daughters. Elizabeth Bennet had been obliged, by the scarcity of gentlemen, to sit down for two dances; and during part of that time Mr. Darcy had stood near enough for her to overhear a conversation between him and Mr. Bingley, who came from the dance for a few minutes to press his friend to join it. “Come, Darcy,” said he, “I must have you dance. I hate to see you standing about by yourself in this stupid manner. You had much better dance.” “I certainly shall not. You know how I hate it, unless I am particularly familiar with my partner. At such an assembly as this it would be insupportable. Your sisters are engaged, and there is not another woman in the room whom it would not be a punishment for me to stand up with.” “Upon my honor, I never met with so many pleasant girls in my life as I have this evening; and there are several of them uncommonly pretty.” “You are dancing with the only handsome girl in the room,” said Mr. Darcy, looking at the eldest Miss Bennet. “Oh! She is the most beautiful creature I ever beheld! But there is one of her sisters sitting down just behind you, who is very pretty, and I dare say very agreeable. Do let me ask my partner to introduce you.” “Which do you mean?” And turning round, he looked for a moment at Elizabeth, till catching her eye, he withdrew his own and coldly said, “She is tolerable, but not handsome enough to tempt me.” 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．A comparison between two gentlemen’s social behavior at a ball. B．Mr. Darcy’s gradual acceptance of the local community. C．The reasons behind Mr. Bingley’s popularity at Netherfield. D．Mrs. Bennet’s efforts to introduce her daughters to eligible men. 2．Why does Mr. Darcy refuse to dance at the assembly? A．He considers it beneath him to dance with unfamiliar partners. B．He has already fulfilled his social obligations for the evening. C．He finds the assembly too crowded to enjoy dancing. D．He is waiting for a more suitable partner to arrive. 3．Based on the entire passage, why is Mrs. Bennet so offended by Mr. Darcy? A．He publicly refuses to be introduced to her or any other lady. B．He makes a dismissive comment on her daughter’s appearance. C．He refuses to dance with any girl despite Mr Bingley’s persuasion. D．He ignores her repeated attempts to engage her in conversations. 4．What can be inferred about Mr. Darcy’s character from the passage? A．He values social status but is willing to compromise for close friends. B．He is shy in social situations but polite when directly addressed. C．He is proud and is selective about his companions. D．He judges people’s worth primarily by their physical appearance. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了舞会中宾利先生热情合群，广受喜爱，而达西先生傲慢孤僻、拒绝跳舞，还当众轻视伊丽莎白，招致班纳特太太不满。 1．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Mr. Bingley had soon made himself acquainted with all the principal people in the room; he was lively and unreserved, danced every dance, and talked of giving one himself at Netherfield. Such friendly qualities must speak for themselves. What a contrast between him and his friend!(宾利先生很快就熟悉了房间里所有的重要人物；他性格开朗，毫无保留，每支舞都积极参与，还表示要在尼德菲尔德举办一场舞会。他这种友善的品质自会令人信服。他和他朋友之间形成了多么鲜明的对比啊！)”可知，文章开篇鲜明对比宾利先生活泼热情、热衷社交跳舞；达西先生孤僻高冷、拒绝社交、极少跳舞，全程铺垫二人反差。由此可知，这篇文章主要讲的是两位绅士在舞会上的社交行为对比。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段““I certainly shall not. You know how I hate it, unless I am particularly familiar with my partner. At such an assembly as this it would be insupportable. Your sisters are engaged, and there is not another woman in the room whom it would not be a punishment for me to stand up with.”(“我绝对不会跳的。你知道我有多么讨厌这种情况，除非我对我的伴侣非常熟悉。在这种场合下，这简直让人无法忍受。你的姐妹们已被人邀请跳舞，房间里再没有别的女人能让我愿意与之并肩而立了。”)”可知，达西先生拒绝参加聚会中的舞会是因为他认为与不熟悉的人共舞有失身份。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Among the most violent against him was Mrs. Bennet, whose dislike of his general behavior was sharpened into particular anger by his having slighted one of her daughters.( 对达西先生最强烈的反对者是班纳特太太，她对他的总体举止的厌恶已经因他轻视她的一个女儿而变得更加强烈。)”以及最后一段中“She is tolerable, but not handsome enough to tempt me.( 她还算可以，但不够漂亮，不足以吸引我。)”可知，班纳特夫人会对达西先生如此生气是因为他对她女儿的外貌发表了轻蔑的评论。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Among the most violent against him was Mrs. Bennet, whose dislike of his general behavior was sharpened into particular anger by his having slighted one of her daughters.(对达西先生最强烈的反对者是班纳特太太，她对他的总体举止的厌恶已经因他轻视她的一个女儿而变得更加强烈。)”以及第四段中““I certainly shall not. You know how I hate it, unless I am particularly familiar with my partner. At such an assembly as this it would be insupportable. Your sisters are engaged, and there is not another woman in the room whom it would not be a punishment for me to stand up with.”(“我绝对不会跳的。你知道我有多么讨厌这种情况，除非我对我的伴侣非常熟悉。在这种场合下，这简直让人无法忍受。你的姐妹们已被人邀请跳舞，房间里再没有别的女人能让我愿意与之并肩而立了。”)”可推知，达西自持清高，轻视普通乡绅家庭女士，只愿亲近熟识之人，挑剔严苛，不屑泛泛社交。由此可推知，他很骄傲，而且对交往对象有选择性。故选C项。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $