精品解析：河南鹤壁市高中2027届上学期规范化考试英语试卷（三）（平行A卷）

鹤壁市高中2027届上学期规范化考试英语试卷(三)(平行A卷) 一、阅读理解 共13题26分 A篇 In recent years, there has been a growing trend towards eco-friendly living. One of the key aspects of this is reducing our plastic waste. Plastic has become an integral part of our daily lives, but its long-term environmental impact is a cause for concern.​ Plastic waste takes hundreds of years to decompose. When it ends up in landfills, it can contaminate the soil and water. Moreover, a large amount of plastic waste finds its way into the oceans, posing a serious threat to marine life. Many sea animals mistake plastic for food and ingest it, which can lead to their death.​ To address this issue, many individuals and communities are taking action. Some people have started using reusable bags, bottles, and containers instead of single-use plastic ones. Communities are also implementing plastic-bag bans and promoting recycling programs.​ There are also innovative solutions emerging. For example, some companies are developing biodegradable plastics that break down much faster than traditional plastics. Scientists are also researching ways to convert plastic waste into useful products, such as fuel.​ However, the fight against plastic waste is not an easy one. It requires a collective effort from individuals, businesses, and governments. We all need to be more aware of the problem and make conscious choices in our daily lives to reduce our plastic consumption.​ 1. Why is plastic waste a problem?​ A. It is expensive to produce.​ B. It is difficult to recycle.​ C. It takes a long time to decompose.​ D. It is not widely used.​ 2. What are some individuals doing to reduce plastic waste?​ A. Using more single-use plastic products.​ B. Avoiding reusable bags.​ C. Implementing plastic-bag bans.​ D Using reusable items.​ 3. What does the underlined word “biodegradable” in paragraph 4 mean?​ A. Able to be recycled.​ B. Able to break down naturally.​ C. Made from natural materials.​ D. Environmentally friendly.​ 4. What is the main idea of the passage?​ A. The importance of using plastic products.​ B. The solutions to plastic waste problem.​ C. The harm of plastic waste and the efforts to solve it.​ D. The development of biodegradable plastics.​ B篇 In 2022, scientists discovered that geese spend an average of 10% longer time looking for food than normal during at least the next 11 days after fleeing from the fireworks. They obviously need that time to return to their previous state. Last year, with data from weather radars (雷达), an international team of researchers led by ecologist Bart Hoekstra of the University of Amsterdam showed how many birds take off immediately after the start of the fireworks, at what distance from fireworks this occurs and which species groups mainly react. They found the effects were strongest within the first 5 km of fireworks, but overall flight activity remained at a higher level at distances up to about 10 km. “Birds take off as a result of an acute flight response due to sudden noise and light. We already knew that many water birds react strongly, but now we also see the effect on other birds throughout the Netherlands. Generally, communities of large-bodied species display a stronger response than communities of small-bodied species,” says Hoekstra. Because 62% of all birds in the Netherlands live near humans’ living areas, the influences of fireworks are high for all birds throughout the country. Flying requires a lot of energy, so birds should be disturbed as little as possible during the cold winter. Measures to ensure this are especially important in open areas such as grasslands, where many larger birds spend the winter. The effects of fireworks on birds are less pronounced near forests. In addition, smaller birds such as finches live there, which are less likely to suddenly fly away from disturbance. Hoekstra and his team argue for fireworks-free zones in areas where large birds live. “These zones could be smaller in areas where light and sound travel less far, such as near forests. Besides, fireworks should mainly be lit at central locations in built-up areas, as far away from birds as possible. It would be best for birds if we moved towards light shows without sound, such as drone (无人机) shows.” Hoekstra said. 5. Why are geese mentioned in that first paragraph? A. To show the food shortage they face. B. To show the shocking fireworks effect on birds. C. To highlight they are sensitive to sudden noise. D. To display birds’ quick reaction to fireworks. 6. What did Hoekstra and his team find? A. Smaller birds were more likely to be disturbed. B Birds were affected by fireworks up to a distance of 10 km. C. Fireworks created a lifelong impact on bird flight activity. D. Only water birds were easily influenced by fireworks displays. 7. What does the underlined word “pronounced” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Admirable. B. Avoidable. C. Noticeable. D. Predictable. 8. What does Hoekstra advise people to do to protect birds? A. Ban fireworks in built-up areas. B. Use drones to monitor bird flight activity. C. Replace fireworks with quieter light shows. D. Build fireworks-free: zones as large as possible. 七选五 Wherever you go you’ll notice the plastic crisis faced by the planet. Many people are now seeking creative solutions to this problem. ___9___ You can do this by building a vertical garden with recycled plastic bottles-a brilliant idea which can be adapted to suit almost any household in any environment. An example from India shows how this inventive technique is truly changing lives. The Mehra family from Amritsar were locally hot news last June when they showed off the vertical garden they had created at their home. The family used over 175, 000 plastic bottles to create the garden, fixing the bottles to the outside walls of their home and filling them with over 33 varieties of plants. The plants are watered using a simple drip system. ___10___ ___11___ If you have a wall, you can have a vertical bottle garden. With space so limited around urban areas, this is a vital benefit, especially to urban and city-livers. If you struggle with ordinary gardening due to joint or muscle problems, vertical gardening can help you enjoy caring for plants without having to bend too much. ___12___ Just enjoying the lovely view of these vertical gardens is a positive thing in itself, but the act of setting up and caring for one will help to create inner balance and have further calming benefits in a stressful world. Whether you create your own small-scale vertical plastic garden at your home, or increasingly, whether large institutions get on board with the concept, every vertical garden created this way is recycling plastic which would otherwise be a pollutant, actively reducing local pollution. ___13___ A. You don’t need a lot of space. B. Consequently, you feel a sense of your own worth. C. The key is, what can be used to replace plastic products? D. Incredibly, this has lowered the internal temperature of their home. E. Besides, interaction with plants has a positive effect on mental health. F. Additionally, vertical gardening offers advantages for physical health as well. G. What if we put waste plastic to a good use and enriched lives at the same time? 二、完形填空(共15题，共30分) A little penguin, named Mercy afterwards, arrived at the Bonorong Wildlife Hospital. He was in really bad condition. “The penguin was ___14___ , not doing so well and needed fattening up,” said Petra Harris, the hospital manager. Little penguins were the smallest species of penguins on Earth but sadly in ___15___ numbers. ___16___ , with the help of a team of wildlife keepers, Mercy regained full health and was ___17___ back into the wild. Mercy’s story has now been made into a video and was ___18___ on social media platforms on World Penguin Day on April 25. In the ___19___ , Ms Harris said a man ___20___ Mercy looking unwell and contacted them through their rescue line. Rescuers went to ___21___ Mercy and brought him back. The vet(兽医)team did a full ___22___ on him. “We X-rayed him to check for any injuries that weren’t ___23___ . To their ___24___ , it turned out that Mercy was just a little underweight. Mercy was ___25___ to fatten up at the hospital until he could swim. Then he was released at dawn so that he could spend the day fishing before returning to his burrow(洞穴). ”It’s a comfort for us to see animals go back where they ___26___ ,“ Ms Harris said. ”Mercy was the lucky one that gets to have a second ___27___ at life, and it’s certainly very ___28___ for us to make it.“ 14. A. underweight B. concerned C. unfriendly D. depressed 15. A. climbing B. stable C. declining D. average 16. A. Naturally B. Fortunately C. Strangely D. Consequently 17. A. watched over B. let alone C. set free D. brought up 18. A. changed B. posted C. filmed D. refused 19. A. hospital B. book C. video D. record 20. A. treated B. hunted C. searched D. observed 21 A. cure B. select C. raise D. collect 22. A. examination B. favor C. description D. survey 23. A. serious B. obvious C. previous D. familiar 24. A. puzzle B. shock C. awareness D. relief 25. A. supported B. fed C. operated D. adapted 26. A. belong B. recover C. reserve D. escape 27. A. thought B. success C. chance D. try 28. A. demanding B. fascinating C. alarming D. rewarding 三、语法填空(共15题，共15分) 29. It is ________ (annoy) to get caught in the traffic jam for five hours, making us late for work. (所给词的适当形式填空) 30. Though we were ________ (stress) out, our eyes were glittering with hope.(所给词的适当形式填空) 31. If you are curious about Chinese culture, you mustn’t miss this excellent opportunity to read the article ________ (relate) to table manners.(所给词的适当形式填空) 32. ________ (affect) with a serious disease, he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery. (所给词的适当形式填空) 33. Our team worked together closely to outperform the ________ (对手). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 34. We stopped by a ________ (风景如画) spot to take some photos during the trip.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 35. People lay flowers in _________ (纪念) to the heroes.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 36. The lab technician wore protective gear when handling the poisonous ________ (化学物品). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 37. My parents advised me to be ________ (现实的) by applying for a local university. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 38. One important reason for their success is employee ________ (involve).(所给词的适当形式填空) 39. At the sight of this ________ (cruel), they could hardly contain their anger. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40. Nobody claimed ________ (be) responsible for the collapse of the building, leaving the government in trouble.(所给词的适当形式填空) 41. The institute has conducted some ________ (influence) research in recent years.(所给词的适当形式填空) 42. When his father was being operated on, she paced backwards and forwards with ________ ( anxious). (所给词的适当形式填空) 43. Besides, ________ (get) along well with animals will make life more interesting. (所给词的适当形式填空) 四、句子翻译 共4题16分 44. 我们有多少次在上班或上学时，带着巨大的压力、疲惫的身躯和烦躁的心情抵达目的地? (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________ 45. 但个人的愤怒与压力，相较于其背后真正的社会代价，不值一提。（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________ 46. 无论何时，这个女孩遇到学习上的难题，都会向父母求助。(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________ 47. 在过去几年里，我们目睹了规模空前的环境灾难，专家们还预测未来情况会更糟。(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 鹤壁市高中2027届上学期规范化考试英语试卷(三)(平行A卷) 一、阅读理解 共13题26分 A篇 In recent years, there has been a growing trend towards eco-friendly living. One of the key aspects of this is reducing our plastic waste. Plastic has become an integral part of our daily lives, but its long-term environmental impact is a cause for concern.​ Plastic waste takes hundreds of years to decompose. When it ends up in landfills, it can contaminate the soil and water. Moreover, a large amount of plastic waste finds its way into the oceans, posing a serious threat to marine life. Many sea animals mistake plastic for food and ingest it, which can lead to their death.​ To address this issue, many individuals and communities are taking action. Some people have started using reusable bags, bottles, and containers instead of single-use plastic ones. Communities are also implementing plastic-bag bans and promoting recycling programs.​ There are also innovative solutions emerging. For example, some companies are developing biodegradable plastics that break down much faster than traditional plastics. Scientists are also researching ways to convert plastic waste into useful products, such as fuel.​ However, the fight against plastic waste is not an easy one. It requires a collective effort from individuals, businesses, and governments. We all need to be more aware of the problem and make conscious choices in our daily lives to reduce our plastic consumption.​ 1. Why is plastic waste a problem?​ A. It is expensive to produce.​ B. It is difficult to recycle.​ C. It takes a long time to decompose.​ D. It is not widely used.​ 2. What are some individuals doing to reduce plastic waste?​ A. Using more single-use plastic products.​ B. Avoiding reusable bags.​ C. Implementing plastic-bag bans.​ D. Using reusable items.​ 3. What does the underlined word “biodegradable” in paragraph 4 mean?​ A. Able to be recycled.​ B. Able to break down naturally.​ C. Made from natural materials.​ D. Environmentally friendly.​ 4. What is the main idea of the passage?​ A. The importance of using plastic products.​ B. The solutions to plastic waste problem.​ C. The harm of plastic waste and the efforts to solve it.​ D. The development of biodegradable plastics.​ 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了塑料垃圾的危害以及为解决这一问题所做的努力。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Plastic waste takes hundreds of years to decompose.(塑料垃圾需要数百年才能分解。)”可知，塑料垃圾是一个问题是因为它需要很长时间才能分解。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Some people have started using reusable bags, bottles, and containers instead of single-use plastic ones.(一些人开始使用可重复使用的袋子、瓶子和容器，而不是一次性塑料制品。)”可知，一些个人正在使用可重复使用的物品来减少塑料垃圾。故选D。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“For example, some companies are developing biodegradable plastics that break down much faster than traditional plastics.(例如，一些公司正在开发biodegradable塑料，这种塑料比传统塑料分解得快得多。)”可知，这种塑料比传统塑料分解得快，所以biodegradable的意思是“能够自然分解的”。故选B。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段中“Plastic waste takes hundreds of years to decompose. When it ends up in landfills, it can contaminate the soil and water. Moreover, a large amount of plastic waste finds its way into the oceans, posing a serious threat to marine life.(塑料垃圾需要数百年才能分解。当它最终进入垃圾填埋场时，会污染土壤和水。此外，大量塑料垃圾进入海洋，对海洋生物构成严重威胁。)”以及第三段中“To address this issue, many individuals and communities are taking action.(为了解决这个问题，许多个人和社区正在采取行动。)”可知，文章主要讲述了塑料垃圾的危害以及为解决这一问题所做的努力。故选C。 B篇 In 2022, scientists discovered that geese spend an average of 10% longer time looking for food than normal during at least the next 11 days after fleeing from the fireworks. They obviously need that time to return to their previous state. Last year, with data from weather radars (雷达), an international team of researchers led by ecologist Bart Hoekstra of the University of Amsterdam showed how many birds take off immediately after the start of the fireworks, at what distance from fireworks this occurs and which species groups mainly react. They found the effects were strongest within the first 5 km of fireworks, but overall flight activity remained at a higher level at distances up to about 10 km. “Birds take off as a result of an acute flight response due to sudden noise and light. We already knew that many water birds react strongly, but now we also see the effect on other birds throughout the Netherlands. Generally, communities of large-bodied species display a stronger response than communities of small-bodied species,” says Hoekstra. Because 62% of all birds in the Netherlands live near humans’ living areas, the influences of fireworks are high for all birds throughout the country. Flying requires a lot of energy, so birds should be disturbed as little as possible during the cold winter. Measures to ensure this are especially important in open areas such as grasslands, where many larger birds spend the winter. The effects of fireworks on birds are less pronounced near forests. In addition, smaller birds such as finches live there, which are less likely to suddenly fly away from disturbance. Hoekstra and his team argue for fireworks-free zones in areas where large birds live. “These zones could be smaller in areas where light and sound travel less far, such as near forests. Besides, fireworks should mainly be lit at central locations in built-up areas, as far away from birds as possible. It would be best for birds if we moved towards light shows without sound, such as drone (无人机) shows.” Hoekstra said. 5. Why are geese mentioned in that first paragraph? A. To show the food shortage they face. B. To show the shocking fireworks effect on birds. C. To highlight they are sensitive to sudden noise. D. To display birds’ quick reaction to fireworks. 6. What did Hoekstra and his team find? A Smaller birds were more likely to be disturbed. B. Birds were affected by fireworks up to a distance of 10 km. C. Fireworks created a lifelong impact on bird flight activity. D. Only water birds were easily influenced by fireworks displays. 7. What does the underlined word “pronounced” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Admirable. B. Avoidable. C. Noticeable. D. Predictable. 8. What does Hoekstra advise people to do to protect birds? A. Ban fireworks in built-up areas. B. Use drones to monitor bird flight activity. C. Replace fireworks with quieter light shows. D. Build fireworks-free: zones as large as possible. 【答案】5. B 6. B 7. C 8. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了烟花对鸟类的影响，包括鹅在逃离烟花后的行为变化、大型鸟类在开阔地区受烟花影响的情况，以及小型鸟类在森林附近受烟花影响较小的原因。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容“In 2022, scientists discovered that geese spend an average of 10% longer time looking for food than normal during at least the next 11 days after fleeing from the fireworks. They obviously need that time to return to their previous state.(2022年，科学家发现，鹅在逃离烟花后的至少11天内，寻找食物的时间平均比正常情况下多出10%。显然，它们需要这段时间来恢复到之前的状态。)”可以推断，鹅在逃离烟花后需要更长的时间来寻找食物，这说明烟花对鹅产生了影响，而鹅是鸟类的一种，所以提到鹅是为了展示烟花对鸟类的惊人影响。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段最中的“They found the effects were strongest within the first 5 km of fireworks, but overall flight activity remained at a higher level at distances up to about 10 km.(他们发现，在距离烟花5公里以内的地方，影响最为强烈，但总体飞行活动在距离烟花10公里以内的范围内仍处于较高水平。)”可知，Hoekstra和他的团队发现鸟类受到烟花的影响在距离烟花10公里以内的地方都存在，即鸟类受到烟花的影响最多可达10公里远。故选B项。 【7题详解】 词句猜测题。文章第三段提到“Measures to ensure this are especially important in open areas such as grasslands, where many larger birds spend the winter. The effects of fireworks on birds are less pronounced near forests.In addition, smaller birds such as finches live there, which are less likely to suddenly fly away from disturbance.(确保这一点的措施在开阔地区（如草原）尤为重要，因为许多大型鸟类在那里过冬。烟花对鸟类的影响在森林附近不那么_____。此外，雀科等较小的鸟类也生活在那里，它们不太可能突然飞离干扰。)”，此句中的“this”指的是前文提到的“Flying requires a lot of energy, so birds should be disturbed as little as possible during the cold winter.(飞行需要大量的能量，所以在寒冷的冬天，鸟类应该尽量少受干扰。)”，从而推知，鸟类应该尽量少受干扰，所以采取措施确保鸟类少受干扰在开阔地区尤为重要，因为许多大型鸟类在那里过冬，而烟花对鸟类的影响在森林附近不那么“明显”。说明烟花对大型鸟干扰没有对小型鸟的干扰那么明显，由此可推出画线词“pronounced”的意思是“明显的”。故选C项。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句Hoekstra的话“Besides, fireworks should mainly be lit at central locations in built-up areas, as far away from birds as possible.It would be best for birds if we moved towards light shows without sound, such as drone (无人机) shows.(此外，烟花爆竹应主要在建成区的中心位置燃放，尽可能远离鸟类。如果我们转向无声的光影秀，比如无人机表演，对鸟类来说将是最好的。)”可知，Hoekstra建议人们用更安静的光影秀来代替烟花来保护鸟类。故选C项。 七选五 Wherever you go, you’ll notice the plastic crisis faced by the planet. Many people are now seeking creative solutions to this problem. ___9___ You can do this by building a vertical garden with recycled plastic bottles-a brilliant idea which can be adapted to suit almost any household in any environment. An example from India shows how this inventive technique is truly changing lives. The Mehra family from Amritsar were locally hot news last June when they showed off the vertical garden they had created at their home. The family used over 175, 000 plastic bottles to create the garden, fixing the bottles to the outside walls of their home and filling them with over 33 varieties of plants. The plants are watered using a simple drip system. ___10___ ___11___ If you have a wall, you can have a vertical bottle garden. With space so limited around urban areas, this is a vital benefit, especially to urban and city-livers. If you struggle with ordinary gardening due to joint or muscle problems, vertical gardening can help you enjoy caring for plants without having to bend too much. ___12___ Just enjoying the lovely view of these vertical gardens is a positive thing in itself, but the act of setting up and caring for one will help to create inner balance and have further calming benefits in a stressful world. Whether you create your own small-scale vertical plastic garden at your home, or increasingly, whether large institutions get on board with the concept, every vertical garden created this way is recycling plastic which would otherwise be a pollutant, actively reducing local pollution. ___13___ A. You don’t need a lot of space. B. Consequently, you feel a sense of your own worth. C. The key is, what can be used to replace plastic products? D. Incredibly, this has lowered the internal temperature of their home. E. Besides, interaction with plants has a positive effect on mental health. F. Additionally, vertical gardening offers advantages for physical health as well. G. What if we put waste plastic to a good use and enriched lives at the same time? 【答案】9. G 10. D 11. A 12. E 13. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了如何通过使用废弃塑料瓶建造垂直花园来应对塑料危机，并介绍了这种方法的多种好处。 【9题详解】 根据上文“Many people are now seeking creative solutions to this problem.(许多人正在为这个问题寻求创造性的解决方案)”可知，选项承接上文应该是提出一个具体的解决方案。故G选项“如果我们把废塑料好好利用，同时丰富生活呢?”符合语境。故选G项。 【10题详解】 根据上文“The family used over 175, 000 plastic bottles to create the garden, fixing the bottles to the outside walls of their home and filling them with over 33 varieties of plants. The plants are watered using a simple drip system.(这个家庭用了超过17.5万个塑料瓶来建造花园，把瓶子固定在房子的外墙上，里面种满了33种植物。这些植物用一种简单的滴灌系统浇灌)”可知，选项承接上文说明上文内容带来的影响。故D选项“令人难以置信的是，这降低了他们家的内部温度。”符合语境。故选D项。 【11题详解】 根据下文“If you have a wall, you can have a vertical bottle garden. With space so limited around urban areas, this is a vital benefit, especially to urban and city-livers. ( 如果你有墙，你可以有一个垂直的瓶子花园。由于城市周围的空间如此有限，这是一个至关重要的好处，特别是对城市和城市居民)”可知，本段在强调利用有限的空间，不需要太多的空间。故A选项“你不需要太多空间”符合语境。故选A项。 【12题详解】 根据下文“Just enjoying the lovely view of these vertical gardens is a positive thing in itself, but the act of setting up and caring for one will help to create inner balance and have further calming benefits in a stressful world.(只是欣赏这些垂直花园的美景本身就是一件积极的事情，但建立和照顾一个花园的行为将有助于创造内心的平衡，并在一个充满压力的世界中进一步平静下来)”可知，选项承接下文说明与植物互动对精神健康的影响。mental health呼应inner balance and have further calming。故E选项“此外，与植物的互动对心理健康有积极的影响。”符合语境。故选E项。 【13题详解】 根据上文“Whether you create your own small-scale vertical plastic garden at your home, or increasingly, whether large institutions get on board with the concept, every vertical garden created this way is recycling plastic which would otherwise be a pollutant, actively reducing local pollution.(无论你是在家里创建自己的小型垂直塑料花园，还是越来越多的大型机构加入这个概念，以这种方式创建的每个垂直花园都是回收塑料，否则它们会成为污染物，积极减少当地污染)”可知，选项承接上文说明这种行为带来的益处。故B选项“因此，你会感觉到自己的价值。”符合语境。故选B项。 二、完形填空(共15题，共30分) A little penguin, named Mercy afterwards, arrived at the Bonorong Wildlife Hospital. He was in really bad condition. “The penguin was ___14___ , not doing so well and needed fattening up,” said Petra Harris, the hospital manager. Little penguins were the smallest species of penguins on Earth but sadly in ___15___ numbers. ___16___ , with the help of a team of wildlife keepers, Mercy regained full health and was ___17___ back into the wild. Mercy’s story has now been made into a video and was ___18___ on social media platforms on World Penguin Day on April 25. In the ___19___ , Ms Harris said a man ___20___ Mercy looking unwell and contacted them through their rescue line. Rescuers went to ___21___ Mercy and brought him back. The vet(兽医)team did a full ___22___ on him. “We X-rayed him to check for any injuries that weren’t ___23___ . To their ___24___ , it turned out that Mercy was just a little underweight. Mercy was ___25___ to fatten up at the hospital until he could swim. Then he was released at dawn so that he could spend the day fishing before returning to his burrow(洞穴). ”It’s a comfort for us to see animals go back where they ___26___ ,“ Ms Harris said. ”Mercy was the lucky one that gets to have a second ___27___ at life, and it’s certainly very ___28___ for us to make it.“ 14. A. underweight B. concerned C. unfriendly D. depressed 15. A. climbing B. stable C. declining D. average 16. A. Naturally B. Fortunately C. Strangely D. Consequently 17. A. watched over B. let alone C. set free D. brought up 18. A. changed B. posted C. filmed D. refused 19 A. hospital B. book C. video D. record 20. A. treated B. hunted C. searched D. observed 21. A. cure B. select C. raise D. collect 22. A. examination B. favor C. description D. survey 23. A. serious B. obvious C. previous D. familiar 24. A. puzzle B. shock C. awareness D. relief 25. A. supported B. fed C. operated D. adapted 26. A. belong B. recover C. reserve D. escape 27. A. thought B. success C. chance D. try 28. A. demanding B. fascinating C. alarming D. rewarding 【答案】14. A 15. C 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. D 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。一家医院的工作人员救助了一只小企鹅，并在它康复之后将其放归野外。 【14题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只企鹅体重不足，状态不太好，需要增肥。A. underweight重量不足的；B. concerned 担心的；C. unfriendly 不友好的；D. depressed 沮丧的。根据后文“not doing so well and needed fattening up(不太好，需要增肥)”可知，企鹅重量不足。故选A。 15题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小企鹅是地球上最小的企鹅物种，但令人遗憾的是它们的数量正在减少。A. climbing攀爬的；B. stable稳定的；C. declining下降的；D. average 平均的。根据上文“Little penguins were the smallest species of penguins on Earth but sadly in”中but表示转折，可知，企鹅的数量下降令人遗憾。故选C。 【16题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在野生饲养员们的帮助下，Mercy完全恢复了健康，被放归了野外。A. Naturally自然地；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Strangely奇怪地；D. Consequently结果。根据“with the help of a team of wildlife keepers, Mercy regained full health(在一组野生动物饲养员的帮助下，Mercy完全恢复了健康)”可知，Mercy身体恢复，这是幸运的事。故选B。 【17题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，在野生饲养员们的帮助下，Mercy完全恢复了健康，被放归了野外。A. watched over监视；B. let alone更不用说；C. set free释放；D. brought up 抚养。根据后文“back into the wild”可知，Mercy身体恢复后被释放回到野外。故选C。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mercy的故事被制作成视频，该视频于4月25日“世界企鹅日”在社交媒体平台上发布。A. changed改变；B. posted发布；C. filmed拍摄；D. refused拒绝。根据“on social media platforms”可知，指视频在社交平台被发布，应用动词post。故选B。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在视频中，Ms Harris说有人发现Mercy看起来身体不适并通过他们的救援热线联系了他们。A. hospital医院； B. book书籍；C. video视频；D. record记录。根据上文“on social media platforms on World Penguin Day on April 25”可知，视频发布在网上，所以人们看到了视频。故选C。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在视频中，Ms Harris说有人观察到Mercy看起来身体不适并通过他们的救援热线联系了他们。A. treated对待；B. hunted捕猎；C. searched搜索；D. observed观察，看见。根据后文“Mercy looking unwell”可知，指人们在视频里看到小企鹅身体不适，observe符合语境。故选D。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：救援人员去接Mercy，并把它带回了医院。A. cure治愈；B. select挑选；C. raise提升；D. collect收集，领取。根据后文“Mercy and brought him back”可知，指救援人员去野外把小企鹅领回来，应用动词collect。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：兽医团队对它进行了全面检查。A. examination检查；B. favor喜欢；C. description描述；D. survey调查。根据后文“We X-rayed him to check for any injuries(我们用X光检查他有没有受伤)”可知，这是给小企鹅身体做检查。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们给它做了X检查，以了解小企鹅身上是否有任何对我们来说不明显的损伤。A. serious严重的；B. obvious明显的；C. previous以前的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据“We X-rayed him to check for any injuries that weren’t”可知，用X光检查是为了让救援人员对不明显的损伤进行检查。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们感到欣慰的是，结果表明Mercy只是体重稍微偏低。A. puzzle困惑；B. shock惊讶；C. adapted意识；D. relief 松口气。根据“it turned out that Mercy was just a little underweight.(结果表明Mercy只是体重稍微偏低)”可知，小企鹅身体没有大碍，这让人们松了一口气。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mercy在医院被喂养得很壮实，该状态一直持续到它能游泳。A. supported支持；B. fed喂养；C. operated操作；D. adapted改编。根据后文“fatten up at the hospital until he could swim(在医院里增肥直到他会游泳)”可知，小企鹅被喂养的胖胖的，还能游泳了，应用动词fed。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到动物回到它们所属的地方，我们感到很欣慰。A. belong属于；B. recover恢复；C. reserve预定；D. escape逃跑。根据后文“Then he was released at dawn so that he could spend the day fishing before returning to his burrow.(黎明时分，他被放了出来，这样他就可以花一天的时间钓鱼，然后回到他的洞穴)”以及常识可知，动物属于野外的生活。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mercy很幸运地获得了第二次生命的机会。A. thought思想；B. success成功；C. chance机会；D. try尝试。根据上文“___3___ , with the help of a team of wildlife keepers, Mercy regained full health and was ___4___ back into the wild.”可知，这是第二次救助这只企鹅，所以是获得第二次生命机会。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我们来说，能成功救助小企鹅是非常值得的。A. demanding要求高的；B. fascinating吸引人的；C. alarming令人担忧的；D. rewarding有回报的，值得的。根据上文人们为救助企鹅所付出的努力，可知成功救治小企鹅对于救援人员来说也是值得的。故选D。 三、语法填空(共15题，共15分) 29. It is ________ (annoy) to get caught in the traffic jam for five hours, making us late for work. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】annoying 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：堵车五个小时，让我们上班迟到，真是令人恼火。此处作表语，表示“令人恼火的”，用形容词annoying。故填annoying。 30. Though we were ________ (stress) out, our eyes were glittering with hope.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】stressed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管我们压力很大，但我们的眼睛闪烁着希望的光芒。此处作表语，表示“压力大的”，用形容词stressed，修饰人，表示人的感受。故填stressed。 31. If you are curious about Chinese culture, you mustn’t miss this excellent opportunity to read the article ________ (relate) to table manners.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】related 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你对中国文化感到好奇，一定不要错过这个阅读与餐桌礼仪相关文章的绝佳机会。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，related to为固定搭配，意为“与……相关的”，所以此处使用relate的过去分词形式。故填related。 32. ________ (affect) with a serious disease, he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Affected 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：受一场重病的影响，他不能再清楚地说话，他知道没有康复的希望了。分析句子成分可知，设空处应填非谓语动词做原因状语。affect是及物动词，意为：影响，与主语he是逻辑被动关系，且该动作已经完成，故应用过去分词形式。故填Affected。 33. Our team worked together closely to outperform the ________ (对手). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】opponents##opponent 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们团队紧密合作，以优异表现击败了对手。根据汉语提示“对手”可知，用名词opponent，此处指一个对手，应用单数形式，作宾语。也可以指多个对手，用复数形式。故填opponent或opponents。 34. We stopped by a ________ (风景如画的) spot to take some photos during the trip.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】scenic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：旅行途中我们在一个风景如画的地方停下来拍了些照片。根据汉语提示“风景如画的”可知，此处用形容词scenic，修饰名词spot，在句中作定语。故填scenic。 35. People lay flowers in _________ (纪念) to the heroes.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】memorial 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：人们摆放鲜花以纪念英雄们。根据汉语提示“纪念”可知，此处用名词memorial作宾语，in memorial to为固定搭配，意为“纪念……”，在句中作状语。故填memorial。 36. The lab technician wore protective gear when handling the poisonous ________ (化学物品). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】chemicals 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：实验室技术员在处理有毒化学物品时穿戴了防护装备。“化学物品”应用名词chemical，作handling的宾语，且结合实验室的情境可知，有毒化学物品应该不止一个，chemical应用复数形式。故填chemicals。 37. My parents advised me to be ________ (现实) by applying for a local university. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】realistic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我的父母建议我现实一点，申请当地的大学。根据汉语提示“现实的”可知，此处使用形容词realistic，作表语。故填realistic。 38. One important reason for their success is employee ________ (involve).(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】involvement 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们成功的一个重要原因是员工的参与。此处作表语，involve的名词形式involvement“参与”符合题意。故填involvement。 39. At the sight of this ________ (cruel), they could hardly contain their anger. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】cruelty 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：一看到这种残忍的行为，他们几乎无法抑制自己的愤怒。根据汉语提示“残忍”可知，用名词cruelty“残忍行为”，作介词of的宾语。故填cruelty。 40. Nobody claimed ________ (be) responsible for the collapse of the building, leaving the government in trouble.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：没有人声称对大楼的倒塌负责，这让政府陷入了困境。be responsible for“对……负责”。固定短语claim to do sth.意为“声称做某事”，此处应用不定式形式to be。故填to be。 41. The institute has conducted some ________ (influence) research in recent years.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】influential 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：该研究所近年来开展了一些具有影响力的研究。本空作前置定语，修饰名词，需用形容词influential“有影响力的”。故填influential。 42. When his father was being operated on, she paced backwards and forwards with ________ ( anxious). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】anxiety 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：当他父亲在做手术时，她焦虑地来回踱步。此处为名词作介词宾语，anxious的名词为anxiety，意为“焦虑”。故填anxiety。 43. Besides, ________ (get) along well with animals will make life more interesting. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】getting 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，与动物和睦相处会让生活更有趣。此处为非谓语动词作主语，所以使用get的动名词形式getting，get along well with意为“相处得好”。故填getting。 四、句子翻译 共4题16分 44. 我们有多少次在上班或上学时，带着巨大的压力、疲惫的身躯和烦躁的心情抵达目的地? (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out tired and angry? 【解析】 【详解】考查特殊疑问句、固定短语和形容词。根据句意，该句描述经常性的状态，全句使用一般现在时，表示“多少次”为how often引导特殊疑问句，位于句首，首字母需大写；表示“我们”为主语we；表示“抵达”为arrive作谓语，主语为we，助动词使用do，动词用原形arrive；表示“上班或上学”为work or school，与at构成固定短语 at work or school作地点状语；表示“带着巨大的压力、疲惫的身躯和烦躁的心情”使用形容词短语stressed out, tired and angry，在句中作伴随状语。故翻译为How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out, tired and angry? 45. 但个人的愤怒与压力，相较于其背后真正的社会代价，不值一提。（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】But personal anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs socially behind them. 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词、名词和过去分词。根据句意，该句描述的是客观事实，全句使用一般现在时，表示“但”为but作转折连词，位于句首，首字母需大写；表示“个人的愤怒与压力”为personal anger and stress作主语，为复数概念；表示“不值一提”为固定短语be nothing，主语为复数，所以be动词使用are；表示“相较于”为compared to，在句中作状语；表示“其背后真正的社会代价”为the real costs socially behind them。故翻译为：But personal anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs socially. 46. 无论何时，这个女孩遇到学习上的难题，都会向父母求助。(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】No matter when the girl met with a difficult problem related to study, she would turn to her parents. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词和让步状语从句。表示“无论何时”应用No matter when，引导让步状语从句；表示“这个女孩”应用the girl，在从句中作主语；表示“遇到”应用meet with，用一般过去时表过去情况，动词使用过去式形式，表示“学习上的难题”应用a difficult problem related to study，其中related to study为过去分词作后置定语修饰problem；表示“(她)都会向父母求助”应用she would turn to her parents，时态用过去将来时表示从过去看将会发生的动作，其中turn to sb. 为固定搭配，意为“向某人求助”。句首单词首字母大写。故翻译为No matter when the girl met with a difficult problem related to study, she would turn to her parents. 47. 在过去几年里，我们目睹了规模空前的环境灾难，专家们还预测未来情况会更糟。(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In the last few years, we have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale and experts are predicting worse to come. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和固定短语。根据句意，前半句描述过去几年持续到现在的情况，使用现在完成时，后半句描述当前正在进行的动作，使用现在进行时；表示“在过去几年里”为in the last few years，作时间状语，位于句首，首字母需大写；表示“我们”为主语we；表示“目睹了”为have seen，主语为we，助动词使用have，动词用过去分词seen；表示“环境灾难”为environmental disasters作宾语，表示“规模空前的”为介词短语on a grand scale；表示“专家们”为主语experts；表示“还预测”为be predicting，主语为复数，be动词使用are，动词用现在分词predicting；表示“未来情况会更糟”为worse to come，作宾语。故翻译为In the last few years, we have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale and experts are predicting worse to come. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $