Unit1 单元语法精讲精练（湖北专用）2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

本初中英语讲义聚焦情态动词（表建议）与反身代词两大核心语法点，系统梳理情态动词should/shouldn't/could的建议功能、结构搭配及语气差异，同步解析反身代词的基本用法、固定搭配与特殊语境应用，通过“用法类型-核心功能-易错提醒”的学习支架，帮助学生构建清晰的语法知识脉络。 资料以“精讲+精练”为特色，通过核心考点速记（如情态动词答题技巧、反身代词解题四步法）培养学生语言运用能力，多样化练习（单选、短文填空等）助力思维品质提升，易错点提醒强化学习能力。课中辅助教师高效授课，课后帮助学生自主巩固，有效查漏补缺。

单元语法精讲精练 (Grammar Focus) 语法精讲 用法类型 核心功能 常见结构 / 搭配 易错点提醒 情态动词（表建议） 用于给出建议、劝告，表达对他人行为的看法 1. should：表 “应该”，语气较强，用于提出合理建议You should see the dentist.2. shouldn't：表 “不应该”，用于提出否定建议You shouldn't eat so much next time.3. could：表 “可以”，语气委婉，用于提出可选建议You could eat some soft food for now. 1. could 表建议≠过去式：此处 could 是委婉语气，不表过去，回答建议时用 can/can't 回应 2. should 的否定式：直接加 not，缩写为 shouldn't，不可写成 should not to do 3. 语气区分：should（强建议）> could（委婉建议），不可混用语境 反身代词（第一类：反身代词的基本用法） 指代主语本身，作宾语、同位语等，强调 “某人自己” 1. 作动词 / 介词宾语：hurt oneself, cut oneself, enjoy oneself, by oneselfI hurt myself when I fell off my bike. 2. 作同位语：强调主语，可省略Mr Liu himself used to be a doctor. 3. 固定搭配：take care of oneself, protect oneself, help oneself to... 1. 人称对应：必须与主语在人称、数上保持一致（I→myself, you→yourself/yourselves, he→himself, she→herself, it→itself, we→ourselves, they→themselves） 2. by oneself≠oneself：by oneself 表 “独自”，不可省略 by 3. 避免与物主代词混淆：不可写成 my self, him self 等，必须连写 反身代词（第二类：反身代词的特殊用法） 用于固定短语、强调动作的执行者 1. 固定习语：teach oneself（自学）, dress oneself（自己穿衣）, say to oneself（自言自语）, come to oneself（苏醒） 2. 反身代词作主语同位语：放在主语后或句末，加强语气The students themselves know how to protect themselves. 1. 固定搭配不可拆分：enjoy oneself（玩得开心）不可写成 enjoy them 2. 反身代词不能单独作主语：不可说 Myself cleaned the room，只能说 I myself cleaned the room 3. 反身代词的所有格：无所有格形式，表达 “自己的” 用 one's own，不可用 oneself's 本单元语法核心考点速记 情态动词表建议的答题技巧： 提 “必须做的建议” 用 should；提 “不应该做的” 用 shouldn't；提 “可以尝试的、委婉的” 用 could 回答建议：Yes, you should/could./ No, you shouldn't. 反身代词填空解题步骤： ① 找主语 → ② 确定主语的人称 / 单复数 → ③ 匹配对应反身代词 → ④ 检查固定搭配 语法精练 一、单项选择。 ()1.— I want to help my friend with her math, but she’s too shy to ask for help. — You ________ talk to her gently first to make her feel comfortable. A．should B．can C．may D．need ()2. —Who cleaned the classroom yesterday? —No one helped me. I did it ________. A．yourself B．myself C．herself D．himself ()3.Jack has a cold. He________ lie down and have a rest. A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t ()4. Don’t compare ________ with others. Just focus on your own progress. A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself ()5.—Simon, you swim so well. Did you learn to swim when you were a child? — Oh. The fact is that I _________ swim until I was twenty. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．couldn’t D．mustn’t ()6. Self-driving cars are smart enough to follow traffic rules and park ________. A．they B．their C．them D．themselves ()7. —I have a toothache. —You _______ eat too many sweets. A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．couldn’t ()8. —Mum, I can only see four knives on the table.                   —You must be careless. There ________ be six on the table for the dinner. A．will B．should C．can D．could ()9.—It’s not easy to finish the project in such a short time. —Don’t worry. We are confident we can finish it by ________ on time. A．themselves B．ourselves C．yourselves D．us ()10. —What should I take for the picnic? — You _______ bring some fruit and drinks. A．could B．should C．must D．A and B 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.You ________ (should) eat too much junk food, it’s not healthy.. 2.In China, you shouldn’t ________ (open) a gift at once when you get it.. 3.When my parents travel, they always take photos to remind _______ (they) of the wonderful time.. 4.Helen, a British student, will enjoy _____ (she) during the summer holiday in China.. 5. First of all, let me introduce________ (I) to you.. 6. Tom _________ (can) swim well at the age of eight. He is a good swimmer.. 7.—I don’t feel well, Mum. —You ________ (not eat) so much fast food every week; try to have more vegetables and fruit instead.. 8.You ________ (drink) a glass of hot water when you have a sore throat—it might make you feel better.. 9.When you have a headache, you should ________ (lie) down and get some rest.. 10.When there is no one to ask for help, we should depend on ________ (us). 11. The story ________ (it) was very good, but you didn’t tell it well. 12.—I don’t know how to solve this problem. (用 could 完成建议) —You ________ (ask) the teacher for help. 四、短文填空。 《健康生活指南手册》正在编写“手机使用建议”板块。请用should, shouldn’t或could完成下面的短文，帮助同学们合理使用手机。 Mobile phones are useful, but you     1     use them wisely. To protect your eyes, every 20 minutes, you     2     rest your eyes and look at something far away. What's more, you     3     change your screen's brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. Of course, you     4     look at your phone just before you go to bed, and you certainly     5     look at it when you cross the road! In fact, you     6     avoid using your phone too often. You     7     listen to music instead of watching videos. You     8     also talk to your friends instead of sending them messages. 四、按要求完成句子，每空一词。 1．我做晚饭的时候伤到了自己。 I ________ ________ while I was making dinner. 2． Lisa should put some medicine on the cut. （改为否定句） Lisa ________ ________ ________ medicine on the cut. 3.see, a, doctor, if, you, feel, worse, should, you (.)(连词成句) _______________________________________________________ 4.而且，你应该调整你的屏幕亮度以适应环境。 ________ more, you ________ ________ your screen’s brightness to try and match your ________. 5.为了保护你的眼睛，每20分钟，你应该休息你的眼睛，看一看远方的东西。 ________ ________ your eyes, every 20 minutes, you ________ ________ your eyes and look at something far away. 6.他最清楚的记忆不是比赛本身，而是他右腿的糟糕的疼痛。 His clearest memory is not of the race ________, ________ the terrible pain in his right leg. 7.这些学生是年轻的，但是他们知道如何保护自己。 The students are young, but they know ________ ________ ________ ________. 8.We should get him out of trouble. (改为同义句) We ________ ________ get him out of trouble. 9.David should do more exercise to keep healthy. （改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） —________ David ________ more exercise to keep healthy? —________, he ________. 10.我们必须每天吃蔬菜和水果来保持健康。 We ________ ________ vegetables and fruits every day to stay healthy. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 单元语法精讲精练 (Grammar Focus) 语法精讲 用法类型 核心功能 常见结构 / 搭配 易错点提醒 情态动词（表建议） 用于给出建议、劝告，表达对他人行为的看法 1. should：表 “应该”，语气较强，用于提出合理建议You should see the dentist.2. shouldn't：表 “不应该”，用于提出否定建议You shouldn't eat so much next time.3. could：表 “可以”，语气委婉，用于提出可选建议You could eat some soft food for now. 1. could 表建议≠过去式：此处 could 是委婉语气，不表过去，回答建议时用 can/can't 回应 2. should 的否定式：直接加 not，缩写为 shouldn't，不可写成 should not to do 3. 语气区分：should（强建议）> could（委婉建议），不可混用语境 反身代词（第一类：反身代词的基本用法） 指代主语本身，作宾语、同位语等，强调 “某人自己” 1. 作动词 / 介词宾语：hurt oneself, cut oneself, enjoy oneself, by oneselfI hurt myself when I fell off my bike. 2. 作同位语：强调主语，可省略Mr Liu himself used to be a doctor. 3. 固定搭配：take care of oneself, protect oneself, help oneself to... 1. 人称对应：必须与主语在人称、数上保持一致（I→myself, you→yourself/yourselves, he→himself, she→herself, it→itself, we→ourselves, they→themselves） 2. by oneself≠oneself：by oneself 表 “独自”，不可省略 by 3. 避免与物主代词混淆：不可写成 my self, him self 等，必须连写 反身代词（第二类：反身代词的特殊用法） 用于固定短语、强调动作的执行者 1. 固定习语：teach oneself（自学）, dress oneself（自己穿衣）, say to oneself（自言自语）, come to oneself（苏醒） 2. 反身代词作主语同位语：放在主语后或句末，加强语气The students themselves know how to protect themselves. 1. 固定搭配不可拆分：enjoy oneself（玩得开心）不可写成 enjoy them 2. 反身代词不能单独作主语：不可说 Myself cleaned the room，只能说 I myself cleaned the room 3. 反身代词的所有格：无所有格形式，表达 “自己的” 用 one's own，不可用 oneself's 本单元语法核心考点速记 情态动词表建议的答题技巧： 提 “必须做的建议” 用 should；提 “不应该做的” 用 shouldn't；提 “可以尝试的、委婉的” 用 could 回答建议：Yes, you should/could./ No, you shouldn't. 反身代词填空解题步骤： ① 找主语 → ② 确定主语的人称 / 单复数 → ③ 匹配对应反身代词 → ④ 检查固定搭配 语法精练 一、单项选择。 ()1.— I want to help my friend with her math, but she’s too shy to ask for help. — You ________ talk to her gently first to make her feel comfortable. A．should B．can C．may D．need ()2. —Who cleaned the classroom yesterday? —No one helped me. I did it ________. A．yourself B．myself C．herself D．himself ()3.Jack has a cold. He________ lie down and have a rest. A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t ()4. Don’t compare ________ with others. Just focus on your own progress. A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself ()5.—Simon, you swim so well. Did you learn to swim when you were a child? — Oh. The fact is that I _________ swim until I was twenty. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．couldn’t D．mustn’t ()6. Self-driving cars are smart enough to follow traffic rules and park ________. A．they B．their C．them D．themselves ()7. —I have a toothache. —You _______ eat too many sweets. A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．couldn’t ()8. —Mum, I can only see four knives on the table.                   —You must be careless. There ________ be six on the table for the dinner. A．will B．should C．can D．could ()9.—It’s not easy to finish the project in such a short time. —Don’t worry. We are confident we can finish it by ________ on time. A．themselves B．ourselves C．yourselves D．us ()10. —What should I take for the picnic? — You _______ bring some fruit and drinks. A．could B．should C．must D．A and B 答案：1.A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. D 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.You ________ (should) eat too much junk food, it’s not healthy.. 2.In China, you shouldn’t ________ (open) a gift at once when you get it.. 3.When my parents travel, they always take photos to remind _______ (they) of the wonderful time.. 4.Helen, a British student, will enjoy _____ (she) during the summer holiday in China.. 5. First of all, let me introduce________ (I) to you.. 6. Tom _________ (can) swim well at the age of eight. He is a good swimmer.. 7.—I don’t feel well, Mum. —You ________ (not eat) so much fast food every week; try to have more vegetables and fruit instead.. 8.You ________ (drink) a glass of hot water when you have a sore throat—it might make you feel better.. 9.When you have a headache, you should ________ (lie) down and get some rest.. 10.When there is no one to ask for help, we should depend on ________ (us). 11. The story ________ (it) was very good, but you didn’t tell it well. 12.—I don’t know how to solve this problem. (用 could 完成建议) —You ________ (ask) the teacher for help. 答案：1.shouldn’t 2. open 3. themselves 4. herself 5. myself 6. could 7. shouldn’t eat 8. should drink 9. lie 10. ourselves 11.itself 12.could ask 四、短文填空。 《健康生活指南手册》正在编写“手机使用建议”板块。请用should, shouldn’t或could完成下面的短文，帮助同学们合理使用手机。 Mobile phones are useful, but you     1     use them wisely. To protect your eyes, every 20 minutes, you     2     rest your eyes and look at something far away. What's more, you     3     change your screen's brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. Of course, you     4     look at your phone just before you go to bed, and you certainly     5     look at it when you cross the road! In fact, you     6     avoid using your phone too often. You     7     listen to music instead of watching videos. You     8     also talk to your friends instead of sending them messages. 答案：1．should 2.should 3.could 4.shouldn’t 5．shouldn’t 6．should 7．could 8．could四、按要求完成句子，每空一词。 1．我做晚饭的时候伤到了自己。 I ________ ________ while I was making dinner. 2． Lisa should put some medicine on the cut. （改为否定句） Lisa ________ ________ ________ medicine on the cut. 3.see, a, doctor, if, you, feel, worse, should, you (.)(连词成句) _______________________________________________________ 4.而且，你应该调整你的屏幕亮度以适应环境。 ________ more, you ________ ________ your screen’s brightness to try and match your ________. 5.为了保护你的眼睛，每20分钟，你应该休息你的眼睛，看一看远方的东西。 ________ ________ your eyes, every 20 minutes, you ________ ________ your eyes and look at something far away. 6.他最清楚的记忆不是比赛本身，而是他右腿的糟糕的疼痛。 His clearest memory is not of the race ________, ________ the terrible pain in his right leg. 7.这些学生是年轻的，但是他们知道如何保护自己。 The students are young, but they know ________ ________ ________ ________. 8.We should get him out of trouble. (改为同义句) We ________ ________ get him out of trouble. 9.David should do more exercise to keep healthy. （改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） —________ David ________ more exercise to keep healthy? —________, he ________. 10.我们必须每天吃蔬菜和水果来保持健康。 We ________ ________ vegetables and fruits every day to stay healthy. 答案：1．hurt myself 2.should put any 3.You should see a doctor if you feel worse.4.What’s should change environment 5.To protect should rest 6.itself but 7. how to protect themselves 8.ought to 9.Should do;Yes should 10.must eat 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $