内容正文:
Section Ⅴ Writing
写作项目——Write about a healthy diet
本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于健康饮食的文章,属于科普说明文的范畴。写作时注意保持客观中立,语言简洁清晰,信息准确可信,逻辑严密连贯,并适当运用举例等写作手法,以有效地向读者传达观点和信息。
一、学写作架构
阅读课文,总结本课的篇章结构如下:
二、学要点构思
说明文一般结构清晰,常采用“总—分—总”的行文结构。本文作者首先提出了关于健康饮食的争议,指出健康的大敌不是脂肪而是糖,并通过引用研究数据来支持这一观点。然后详细介绍了如何保持健康的饮食习惯。最后,文章总结了健康饮食的关键是要有正确的饮食态度,并强调个人应该决定自己想要的生活方式并做出正确的饮食决策。
三、学语言风格
此类说明文通常采用客观、中立的语调,避免夸张或主观评价,以提供客观、准确的信息。语言简洁明了,表达直截了当,避免冗长的修辞。如课文第二段中“Much of this extra sugar comes from sweets and sweet drinks.” 直接说明了多余的糖分主要来自甜食和甜饮料。“The average American gets 1/3 of his or her sugar through sweet drinks alone.”用简单的语言清晰地说明了美国人摄入的糖分平均有三分之一来自甜饮料。
四、学写作手法
文章通过对比、下定义、举例子等写作手法,清晰地阐述了作者对于健康饮食的观点和建议,使读者更容易理解和接受这些观点。
1.对比法:课文第一段中 “scientists have insisted for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food. However, there is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar.”通过对比指出科学家长期以来对于健康的认知与现有证据之间的矛盾,突出了作者的观点。
2.下定义:课文第三段中作者给出了加工食品的定义,即加工食品指营养成分较低,而糖分、盐分和脂肪含量较高的食品,这种定义性的表述使读者更容易理解作者的观点。
3.举例法:作者使用具体的例子来支持论点,增加了说服力。如课文第二段中“The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less than 100-150 calories a day from sugar, which is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or in a single candy bar.” 通过举例说明了每日需要摄入的糖分,强调了甜饮料和糖果的高糖含量。
Write an explanatory article about healthy eating ——写一篇关于健康饮食的科普说明文
第一步:构思谋篇
体裁
说明文
时态
以现在时为主
人称
以第三人称为主
写作要点
1.开头:引入文章的主题,概括性地介绍要说明的内容,以吸引读者的注意力。
2.主体:展开说明主题的各方面,可以按照时间、空间、因果关系等逻辑顺序进行组织。
3.结尾:总结文章的主要内容,强调自己的观点或提出建议。
第二步:要点表达
第一部分:点明主题,表明健康饮食的重要性
As_is_known_to_all,_healthy eating habits are in_association_with_our_health because a good eating habit provides_the_nutrition_that_makes_us_energetic in our daily life.
众所周知,健康的饮食习惯与我们的健康息息相关,因为良好的饮食习惯提供了营养,使我们在日常生活中精力充沛。
第二部分:健康饮食的建议
1.As_the_saying_goes,_“We are what we eat.” Therefore, it_is_important_to_eat fresh fruit and vegetables every day, as they are rich in vitamin and fibre.俗话说,“人如其食。”因此,每天吃新鲜的水果和蔬菜很重要,因为它们富含维生素和纤维。
2.Besides, it_is_better_to_cut_down_on desserts and cut out sweet drinks, which_can_cause_weight_problems_and_heart_disease.Last but not least, it is_strongly_recommended_that you should keep away from junk food.此外,最好少吃甜点和禁止甜饮料,因为它们会导致体重问题和心脏病。最后但同样重要的是,强烈建议你远离垃圾食品。
第三部分:总结
To sum up, there_is_no_one_trick_to_healthy_eating. Let's start with having_a_right_attitude_towards_food.
总之,健康饮食没有诀窍。让我们从对食物有一个正确的态度开始。
[针对练笔]
假定你是李华,你的朋友王力目前正因体重暴增而苦恼不已,来信向你咨询关于健康饮食的问题。请你给他写一封回信,介绍一下你的饮食习惯。
根据提示完成书信,选择恰当的句子并认真抄写在文中空白处。
Dear Wang Li,
I am sorry to hear that you ①____________________ and you are upset about it.I think ②____________________.
As for me, I have a healthy diet. Firstly, I ③____________ each day, regardless of holidays. Secondly, I rarely ④____________________. Most fundamentally, ⑤____________________, which can supply/provide me with necessary vitamins. Besides, modest amount of meat and dairy products are also included in it.
I hope ⑥____________________, too. Only in this way ⑦____________________.
Yours,
Li Hua
A.your unhealthy diet is closely associated with your problem
B.have been putting on weight recently
C.my diet contains quantities of fruit and green vegetables
D.you will have a healthy diet in the future
E.take three meals a day at the same time
F.can your weight problem be solved soon
G.consume sweet foods or sweet drinks
答案:①~⑦ BAEGCDF
1.常用开头句
①Living a healthy lifestyle lies in having a healthy diet. What is a healthy diet?
拥有健康的生活方式在于有健康的饮食习惯。 什么是健康饮食呢?
②Healthy eating habits are very important for our health. But how can we form a healthy eating habit?
健康的饮食习惯对我们的健康非常重要。 但是我们如何才能养成健康的饮食习惯呢?
③Recently, I have a big headache that I always like to eat fast food so much.
最近我遇到一件十分头疼的事,就是我总是喜欢吃如此多的快餐。
2.常用中间句
①Don't skip breakfast.
不要不吃早餐。
②Eat more grains, fruits and vegetables.
多吃谷物、水果和蔬菜。
③I would strongly advise you to combine the balanced diet and exercise.
我将强烈建议你把均衡的饮食和锻炼结合起来。
④A healthy diet consists of eating a variety of foods rich in vitamins, fibre and mineral.
健康饮食包括吃各种各样的富含维生素、纤维和矿物质的食物。
⑤In my opinion, we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body.
在我看来,我们应当努力养成健康的饮食习惯以增强体质。
3.常用结束句
①I hope you'll find these suggestions helpful.
我希望你会发现这些建议有帮助。
②Only in this way can you have a healthy diet habit in the future.
只有这样,在未来你才能养成健康的饮食习惯。
③All in all, we should eat healthy food to keep ourselves energetic.
总之,我们应该吃健康的食物来保持精力充沛。
④As the saying goes, you are what you eat. In order to keep fit, please have a healthy diet habit.
正如俗话所说,人如其食。 为了保持健康,请养成健康的饮食习惯。
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