Unit 4 Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures 课时跟踪检测-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册配套练习word（人教版）

Section Ⅳ　Discovering Useful Structures [课时跟踪检测] (标语篇配有教师讲评课件) (对应课时跟踪检测P200) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A new study suggests that dark markings on the planet Mars represent sand — not water.The research suggested that lines on some Martian hills were evidence of water.Yet American scientists now say these lines appear more like dry, flows of sand.If water is present, it is likely to be a small amount.Water in liquid form would be necessary for microbial (微生物的) life. NASA, the American space agency, said more research is needed.Michael Meyer is the lead scientist for NASA's Mars exploration programme.He noted that the latest study does not reject the presence of water.But he admitted, “It just may not be as exciting as the idea of rivers going down the sides of cliffs (悬崖)．” The new findings come from a team led by Colin Dundas of the United States Geological Survey.His team measured 151 of these lines in 10 areas.Most of the lines end with slopes between 28 degrees and 35 degrees.These measurements are similar to active sand dunes (沙丘) on both Mars and Earth.A small covering of dust that moves and sometimes becomes lighter might help explain the markings.They usually appear in the Martian summertime, and then disappear until the next year.If these lines are dry, this suggests that recent Mars has not had large volumes of liquid water.Dundas and his research team say that many questions remain. “I still think that Mars has a great potential for having had life early on in its history, ” Meyer said.“As long as that's true, we also have a reasonable possibility of life still being on Mars.It just happens to be cryptic or well hidden.” NASA currently has no robotic vehicle — either on Mars or in development — with the ability to climb steep slopes.The lack of such equipment has engineers coming up with ideas like Martian helicopters or planes without pilots. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国科学家的一项新的研究发现：火星上黑色的标记是沙子而不是水。 1．What do American scientists find on Mars now according to their study? A．A lot of little life. B．An amount of water. C．Some Martian hills. D．Dark markings are sand. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A new study suggests that dark markings on the planet Mars represent sand — not water.”可知，科学家发现火星上的黑色标记是沙子不是水。 2．When do the markings come out? A．In Martian spring.　　 B．In Martian summer. C．In Martian autumn. D．In Martian winter. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They usually appear in the Martian summertime, and then disappear until the next year.”可知，这样的标记会出现在火星的夏季。 3．What's Meyer's opinion about having life on Mars? A．Doubtful. B．Trustful. C．Indifferent. D．Objective. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段Meyer说的话可推知，Meyer还是相信火星上有生命。 4．What does the underlined word “cryptic” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Undiscovered. B．Strange. C．Magical. D．Icy. 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，它只是碰巧是cryptic或隐藏得很好。由此可知，cryptic意思是“没被发现的”。 Ⅱ.完形填空 For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible.Trujillo, however, is an aerospace __5__ who leads a team at the NASA laboratory __6__ for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover (火星探测器)． How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to __7__ exploring it? That's a tale of __8__ written in the stars. Born in 1983, even as a young girl Trujillo was __9__ of her passion for science.But she doubted how far she'd be able to __10__ in a male－dominated field.Then her dad offered to send her to Miami.Only 17 at the time, she __11__ the offer. Trujillo took a series of housekeeping __12__ to put herself through Miami Dade College.Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her __13__.But she didn't __14__，“I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity.” Then came another life－changing moment.She became the first Hispanic (西班牙语国家的) woman to be __15__ to the NASA Academy.Later, she became an engineer at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. This February, when the Perseverance rover __16__ on the surface of Mars, it was __17__ by commentary (现场解说) from Trujillo in NASA's first－ever Spanish－language __18__. Trujillo's own story is __19__ that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Trujillo作为一位女性，靠着努力和毅力一步步成为美国宇航局的工程师的故事。 5．A.astronaut B．pilot C．engineer D．guide 解析：选C　 根据下文“Later, she became an engineer at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.”可知，Trujillo成了美国宇航局的工程师。 6．A.eager B．responsible C．concerned D．grateful 解析：选B　根据“Trujillo, however, is an aerospace ________ who leads a team at the NASA laboratory ...Mars rover(火星探测器)”可知，Trujillo领导的团队负责最新的火星探测器的机械臂。 7．A.actually B．hardly C．accurately D．repeatedly 解析：选A　根据“How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe”可知，Trujillo的梦想变成了现实，在现实中真正地探索宇宙。 8．A.innovation B．kindness C．passion D．sympathy 解析：选C　根据文章开头“For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible.”可知，此处表达她的整个经历充满了激情。 9．A.certain B．approved C．afraid D．fond 解析：选A　根据上文“How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to ________ exploring it？”可知，她一直梦想着探索宇宙，再结合此句中的even，所以此处表示甚至在她还很小时，就确定了对科学的热爱。 10．A.respond B．rise C．invest D．apply 解析：选B　根据“in a male－dominated field”可知，在这样一个男性主导的领域里，Trujillo不知道努力和坚持让自己能走多远，地位能提高多少。 11．A.made up B．turned up C．picked up D．took up 解析：选D　根据上文“Then her dad offered to send her to Miami.”和下文“Trujillo took a series of housekeeping ________ to put herself through Miami Dade College.”可知，此处表示，她接受了爸爸让她去迈阿密的提议。 12．A.measures B．activities C．jobs D．courses 解析：选C　根据“to put herself through Miami Dade College”可知，她给别人做家务活，也就是通过家务工作挣钱让自己完成学业。 13．A.studies B．purchases C．recreations D．trips 解析：选A　根据“Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms”可知，Trujillo有时通过打扫浴室帮助支付学费来完成自己的学业。 14．A.clarify B．fear C．perceive D．complain 解析：选D　根据“I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity”可知，她把遇到的一切都当作机会，所以尽管完成学业不易，但是她不抱怨。 15．A.applied B．admitted C．assigned D．introduced 解析：选B　根据上文“Then came another life－changing moment.”可知，Trujillo被美国宇航局学院录取，这是她人生的转折点。 16．A.originated B．generated C．landed D．waited 解析：选C　根据“on the surface of Mars”可知，此处表示的是“毅力”号在火星表面着陆。 17．A.accompanied B．distracted C．estimated D．occupied 解析：选A　根据“by commentary (现场解说) from Trujillo in NASA's first－ever Spanish－language ________”可知，此处表示的是“毅力”号着陆时，同时伴随着广播中Trujillo的西班牙语的解说。 18．A.theory B．broadcast C．comment D．performance 解析：选B　根据“it was ________ by commentary (现场解说) from Trujillo in NASA's first－ever Spanish－language”可知，“毅力”号在火星着陆时，广播播报Trujillo用西班牙语所作的解说。 19．A.career B．information C．competence D．proof 解析：选D　根据“just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars”可知，她的故事是一种证明，证明了越过障碍，有一个充满机遇的宇宙在等待着任何愿意努力工作去接近星辰的人。 Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)() Liu Yang is a Chinese pilot and astronaut.She graduated 20.____________ the People's Liberation Army Air Force Aviation College of Changchun.After two years of astronaut training, Liu 21.____________ (be) excellent in testing.Liu was selected for the crew (机组) of Shenzhou－9, the first manned mission (任务) to the Chinese space station Tiangong－1.Liu became the first woman Chinese astronaut 22.____________ (enter) space. The mission was launched on June 16, 2012.During this manned space mission, Liu did some 23.____________ (experiment) in space.Wang Yaping became a crew member of the Shenzhou－10 space mission in 2013.And more 24.____________ (important), she was famous as China's first space teacher after giving 25.____________ 40－minute live lesson to students from the place 26.____________ (many) than 300 kilometres above the Earth's surface.Again Wang Yaping 27.____________ (choose) to take part in the Shenzhou－13 crewed mission, with the spaceship launched on Oct.16, 2021.She became the first woman who entered China's space station core module (核心舱) 28.____________ is called Tianhe.She drew global attention again during her second space mission.Many 29.____________ (challenge) tasks have been completed by her: a spacewalk and the second class. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国女航天员刘洋和王亚平为中国航天事业所做出的贡献。 20．from　考查介词。graduate from意为“从……毕业”，是固定搭配。故填from。 21．was　考查时态和主谓一致。这里在描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时；句子的主语Liu是单数。故填was。 22．to enter　考查动词不定式。the＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth.意为“第几个做某事的……”，动词不定式作后置定语，此处指“第一个进入太空的女航天员”。故填to enter。 23．experiments　考查名词复数。some后跟可数名词复数。故填experiments。 24．importantly　考查副词。此处是副词修饰整个句子。故填importantly。 25．a　考查不定冠词。此处指“一堂40分钟的现场课”，表示泛指。故填a。 26．more　考查比较级。根据than可知，此处用many的比较级。故填more。 27．was chosen　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。该句在描述过去发生的事情，且句子主语Wang Yaping为单数，和谓语动词choose之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was chosen。 28．which/that　考查定语从句。此处core module是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，定语从句应由关系代词which或that引导。 29．challenging　考查形容词作定语。空后tasks是名词，应由形容词修饰，challenge的形容词是challenging。故填challenging。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $