内容正文:
专项06 按要求完成句子
01 解题小技巧
02【题型一】按要求完成句子
解题小技巧
小学英语 “按要求完成句子” 题型,主要考查句型转换、句式仿写、语法运用及情景交际能力,掌握以下技巧可快速精准答题:
一、核心解题三步法
(一)审清题干要求
· 明确指令类型:如 “改为一般疑问句”“对画线部分提问”“变为否定句”“同义句转换”“仿写句子” 等,圈出关键要求(如 “用 will 改写”“改为过去时”)。
· 锁定句子核心:找出主语、谓语动词、时态及特殊结构(如 there be、have got、情态动词 can)。
(二)按规则变换句式
1.陈述句 ↔ 一般疑问句
· be 动词 / 情态动词 can/could/will:直接将 be 动词(is/are/was/were)或情态动词提到句首,句末变问号,人称按需调整(I→you, my→your)。例:She was a dancer.→ Was she a dancer?;I can carry it.→ Can you carry it?
· have got/has got:将 Have/Has 提到句首,其余不变,答语保持人称一致。例:We have got a book.→ Have you got a book?
· 实义动词(一般现在时):
主语非三单:句首加 Do,动词用原形。例:You like Chinese food.→ Do you like Chinese food?
Do主语三单:句首加 Does,动词变回原形。es,动词变回原形。例:He teaches English.→ Does he teach English?
例:He teaches English.→ Does he teach English?
· 实义动词(一般过去时):句首加 Did,动词变回原形,some 变 any。例:She sent an email.→ Did she send an email?
2.陈述句 → 否定句
· be 动词 / 情态动词 / 助动词:在其后直接加 not,可缩写(isn’t/aren’t/wasn’t/weren’t/can’t/didn’t)。例:They are on the shelf.→ They aren’t on the shelf.
· 实义动词(一般现在时):
· 主语非三单:动词前加 don’t,动词用原形。
· 主语三单:动词前加 doesn’t,动词变回原形。
· 实义动词(一般过去时):动词前加 didn’t,动词变回原形,and 变 or,some 变 any。例:I had fish for lunch.→ I didn’t have fish for lunch.
· There be 句型:在 be 动词后加 not,some 变 any。例:There was a computer.→ There wasn’t a computer.
3.对画线部分提问
· 找疑问词:问事物用 What,问地点用 Where,问时间用 When/What time,问数量用 How many(可数)/How much(不可数),问方式用 How。
· 变疑问句:将剩余部分改为一般疑问句语序,去掉画线内容。例:She learnt English.→ What did she learn?;There are two libraries.→ How many libraries are there?
(三)检查核对答案
· 检查人称、时态、单复数是否一致。
· 检查标点、大小写、单词拼写是否正确。
· 确保变换后的句子符合题干要求,语义通顺。
【题型一】按要求完成句子
(一)
1.Sam wants to drink some soup.(对画线部分提问)
_______________________________________________
2.I want a hot dog.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________
3.I want to have a sandwich.(就画线部分提问)
_______________________________________________
4.I want to have a hamburger and a cola.(就画线部分提问)
_______________________________________________
5.Can I help you? (改为同义句)
________ I ________ you?
6.I want to eat some mooncakes.(根据划线部分提问)
_______________________________________________
7.I want to eat some noodles.(对画线部分提问)
_____ do you want to _____ ?
8.Do you want orange juice or milk?(作出回答)
_______________________________________________
9.That is a big hamburger.(改为复数句)
_______ _______ big_______.
10.It is two dollars.(对画线部分进行提问)
_______ _______ is it?
11.Do you like milk or juice?(用milk回答)
_______________________________________________
12.The juice looks good.(改为否定句)
The juice _______ _______ good.
13.I want a hamburger.(改为一般疑问句)
_______ _______ want a hamburger?
14.Sam wants a cola.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________
15.We are going to watch fireworks this evening.(对画线部分提问)
_____ _____ we _____ _____ watch fireworks?
16.We are going to play football at four.(对划线部分提问)
_____ _____ we _____ _____ _____ _____?
17.Beijing is going to be sunny tomorrow.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
_______________________________________________
18.Dalian is going to be windy tomorrow.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
_______________________________________________
19.There was only one problem.(按要求改句子)
______________________________ (否定句)
______________________________ (一般疑问句)
______________________________ (对划线部分提问)
20.The children had a good time in the park.(改为反意疑问句)
The children had a good time in the park, ___________ ___________?
21.I wrote a story in English class yesterday.(改为否定句)
I ____ ____ a story in English class yesterday.
22.He took pictures in the park.(变为一般疑问句)
_____ he _____ pictures in the park?
23.There will be a big shop in the future.(用 in the past 代替划线部分)
_______________________________________________
24.There is a big shop now.(用 in the past 代替划线部分)
There _____ a big shop in the past.
25.I took part in the long jump.(改为一般疑问句)
_______ you _______ part in the long jump?
26.We had a good time yesterday.(改为一般疑问句)
_______ you _______ a good time yesterday?
27.You were at school yesterday.(改为一般疑问句)
________ you ________ school yesterday?
28.It was the 2nd of November yesterday.(改为否定句)
It _______ ________ the 2nd of November yesterday.
29.They finished their work at four.(改为否定句)
They _______ ________ their work at four.
30.The sheep _____________ as heavy as that little cow.(改为否定句)
31.She is dancing.(改为一般疑问句)
________ she dancing?
32.We are doing our homework now.(改否定句)
We _______ _______ doing our homework now.
33.She is dancing.(改否定句)
She _______ _______ dancing.
34.I learn English every day.(改为现在进行时)
I am _____ English now.
35.Lucy watched a film with her friends yesterday.(用now改写句子)
Lucy _____ _____ a film with her friends now.
36.回答问题。
What can be put in a bottle of milk to make it light?
_______________________________________________
37.I can help him.(对画线部分提问)
_______________________________________________
38.The ducks are watching them.(变为一般疑问句)
_______________________________________________
39.My mother is at the supermarket.(对划线部分提问).
_______________________________________________
40.He's sitting down now.(变为否定句)
_______________________________________________
41.We are going to eat at seven o'clock.(对划线部分提问)
_______ are you going to _______?
42.The children can help you.(对划线部分提问)
_____ can _____ you?
43.The ducks are watching them.(变为一般疑问句)
_______________________________________________
44.It’s eight p.m.(对画线部分提问)
_______ _______ is it?
45.We are going to eat at seven o'clock.(对画线部分提问)
_______ are you going to _______?
46.He is playing basketball.(对画线部分提问)
_______________________________________________
47.She’s trying to stand up.(变为一般疑问句)
_____ she _____ to stand up?
48.He wants to get off the bus.(对划线部分提问)
______ does he ______ to do?
49.She is walking to school.(对划线部分提问)
______ is she ______ _______?
50.I think we will meet outside the school gate.(改为否定句)
I ______ ________ we ______ meet outside the school gate.
51.Amy said, “I have to work very hard.”
Amy said _____ _____ to work very hard.
52.Many people don’t have enough money to go to hospital.
Many people are _____ _____ to go to hospital.
53.His parents prevented them from playing computer.(同义句)
His parents _____ them _____ playing computers.
54.They usually went hiking on Sundays.
They _____ _____ go hiking on Sundays.
55.We usually play football in the park.(用now改写句子)
We ______ ______ football in the park now.
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参考答案及解析
【题型一】
1.What does Sam want to drink?
【详解】句意:萨姆想要喝一些汤。本题考查句型转换。画线部分some soup,是食物,对食物的提问要用what,本句时态是一般现在时,主语是Sam第三人称单数形式,所以要借助助动词does构成一般疑问句,其后的动词要用原形。故答案为What does Sam want to drink?
2.I don’t want a hot dog./I do not want a hot dog.
【详解】句意:我想要一个热狗。根据题干要求,表达否定句要使用助动词do+not+动词原形表达。其中do not可以缩写成don’t。放在动词want前面表达否定含义不想要。故答案为I don’t want a hot dog.或者I do not want a hot dog.
3.What do you want to have?
【详解】原句句意:我想吃一个三明治。本题考查句型转换。句子是陈述句,时态是一般现在时,画线部分是具体食物,对其提问用what什么,将I改为you,句中有实义动词,问句需借助助动词do,句意为:你想吃什么?故答案为What do you want to have?
4.What do you want to have?
【详解】原句句意:我想吃一个汉堡包和一杯可乐。本题考查句型转换。对“a hamburger and a cola”(食物)提问用What,主语I变you,助动词用do,故答案为What do you want to have?
5.May help
【详解】原句句意:我能帮助你吗?本题考查句型转换,提供帮助的句型还有:May I help you?要我帮忙吗?故答案为May;help。
6.What do you want to eat?
【详解】句意:我想吃一些月饼。划线部分表示物品,提问物品要用what,剩余部分变为一般疑问句,需借助于助动词do,提至疑问词后,I变为you,故答案为What do you want to eat?
7.What eat
【详解】句意我想要吃些面条。画线部分为some noodles,是食物,用what提问,want to想要,后面跟动词原形eat,故答案为What;eat。
8.I want orange juice. / I want milk.(任选其一作答即可)
【解析】选择疑问句无需用 Yes/No,直接选择其中一项回答。
9.Those are hamburgers
【解析】that 复数为 those;is 复数为 are;hamburger 复数为 hamburgers。
10.How much
【解析】对价格(two dollars)提问,固定用How much。
11.I like milk.
【解析】按要求用 milk 直接回答选择疑问句。
12.doesn't look
【解析】一般现在时,主语 the juice 为单数,否定用doesn’t,后接动词原形 look。
13.Do you
【解析】陈述句主语 I 变一般疑问句改为 you,助动词用 Do。
14.Sam doesn’t want a cola.
【解析】主语 Sam 为三单,否定用 doesn’t,后接动词原形 want。
15.When are going to
【详解】原句句意:今天晚上我们要去看烟花。画线部分是this evening,故用when什么时候提问,后跟一般疑问句,故答案为When;are;going;to。
16.When are going to play football
【详解】句意:我们准备4点踢足球。划线部分时间,所以用when提问,后加一般疑问句,句子是一般将来时,故答案为When;are;going;to;play;football。
17.Is Beijing going to be sunny tomorrow? Yes, it is.
【详解】句意:北京明天天气晴朗。本题考查句型转换,题干要求改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答,含有 be going to 结构的句子变一般疑问句,把 be 动词 is 提前,肯定回答用 Yes, 主语 + is,故答案为Is Beijing going to be sunny tomorrow? Yes, it is.。
18.—Is Dalian going to be windy tomorrow? —No, it isn’t.
【详解】原句句意:明天大连将会有风。本题考查句型转换,含有be动词is的陈述句改为一般疑问句,把is提前,句首单词首字母大写,其余不变;作否定回答,结构为“No, 主语 + isn’t.”, 主语是Dalian,用it指代,故答案为—Is Dalian going to be windy tomorrow? —No, it isn’t.
19.There wasn’t only one problem. Was there only one problem? How many problems were there?
【详解】句意:那里只有一个问题。
1.改为否定句,be动词后面加not,故答案为There wasn’t only one problem.
2.一般疑问句be动词提前,故答案为Was there only one problem?
3.划线one,问数量用how many,故答案为How many problems were there?
20.didn’t they
【详解】句意:孩子们在公园里玩得很开心。主语是孩子们,动词是had,且是肯定句,改为反意疑问句后面加didn’t they。故答案为didn’t;they。
21.didn’t write
【详解】句意:我昨天在英语课上写了一篇故事。本题考查句型转换,题干要求将肯定句改为否定句,可知需要在动词wrote前加助动词did not构成否定,其缩写为didn’t,wrote需变为动词原形write,故答案为didn’t;write。
22.Did take
【详解】句意:他在公园拍照了。本题考查句型转换。根据took可知时态是一般过去式,含有实意动词的句子一般疑问句借助助动词did,动词的过去式took还原到原形take,故答案为Did;take。
23.There was a big shop in the past.
【详解】原句句意:在未来这里将有一个大商店。本题考查句型转换。原句时态为一般将来时,题干要求用in the past代替划线部分in the future,in the past意为在过去,故句子时态变为一般过去时。a big shop是单数,there be句型中的be动词要变为过去式was。故答案为There was a big shop in the past.
24.was
【详解】原句句意:现在有一家大商店。本题考查句型转换。句子为there be句型,in the past在过去,转换后的句意为过去有一条大商店。is的过去形式为was,故答案为was。
25.Did take
【详解】原句句意:我参加了跳远。本题考查句型转换,took是实义动词的过去式,改为一般疑问句需加助动词did,took变回原形take。故答案为Did,take。
26.Did have
【详解】原句句意:我们昨天过得很开心。本题考查句型转换,had是实义动词的过去式,改为一般疑问句在句首加助动词did,had变回原形have。故答案为Did,have。
27.Were at
【详解】原句句意:你昨天在学校。本题考查句型转换,were是be动词的过去式,改为一般疑问句直接置于句首,句首首字母大写。故答案为Were;at。
28.was not
【详解】由yesterday可知,此题考查一般过去时的否定句“主语+was/were not+其他”,故答案为was,not。
29.didn’t finish
【详解】由at four结合题目来看,此题考查一般过去时的否定句“主语+didn’t+动词原形(+其他)”,故答案为didn’t,finish。
30.isn’t
【详解】句意:这头羊现在没有那头小牛那么重了。不是isn’t,故答案为isn’t。
31.Is
【详解】原句句意:她正在跳舞。本题考查句型转换,要将原句现在进行时的肯定句改为一般疑问句,其结构为“Am/Is/Are+主语+动词-ing形式(+其他)?”,故将系动词Is提前到句首。故答案为Is。
32.are not
【详解】原句句意:我们现在在做家庭作业。本题考查句型转换,要将原句现在进行时,改为否定句,其结构为“主语+am/is/are not+动词-ing形式(+其他)”,与主语We保持主谓一致,用are。故答案为are;not。
33.is not
【详解】原句句意:她在跳舞。本题考查句型转换,要将原句现在进行时的肯定句改为否定句,其结构为“主语+am/is/are not+动词-ing形式(+其他)”,系动词与主语She保持主谓一致,用is。故答案为is;not。
34.learning
【详解】句意:我每天学习英语。本题考查句子结构。现在进行时态的构成是:主语+be+动词的现在分词+其它,learn的现在分词是learning,故答案为learning。
35.is watching
【详解】原句句意:露西昨天和她的朋友们看了一个电影。根据句意可知,该句是陈述句,now是现在进行时的标志词,其结构为:主语+be+现在分词+其他,主语Lucy是第三人称单数,be动词用is,watch的现在分词是watching,故答案为is;watching。
36.A hole.
【详解】句意:为了让牛奶瓶子变轻,可以把什么放在瓶子里?本题考查特殊疑问句的答语。句子是what引导的一般疑问句,为了让牛奶瓶子变轻,可以在里面放个洞,a hole是一个洞,符合题意,故答案为A hole.
37.Who can help him?
【详解】句意:我能帮助他。句子为陈述句,句子时态为一般现在时,句中画线部分为I,由此可知是对谁提问,因此应填特殊疑问词Who,首字母大写,句尾句号改为问号,故答案为Who can help him?
38.Are the ducks watching them?
【详解】现在进行时变一般疑问句,直接将be 动词 are提至句首,句末用问号。
39.Where is your mother?
【详解】对地点at the supermarket提问用Where,be 动词 is 提前,第一人称my改为第二人称your。
40.He isn’t sitting down now.
【详解】现在进行时变否定句,在be 动词 is后加not,缩写为isn't。
41.When eat
【详解】对时间at seven o'clock提问用When;be going to后接动词原形eat。
42.Who help
【详解】划线部分是The children,对它提问就是提问谁能帮助你,所以用Who提问。can为情态动词,后面应跟动词原形。故答案为Who;help。
43.Are the ducks watching them?
【详解】句意:鸭子们正在看他们。变为一般疑问句,把系词are提前,首字母大写,句末加问号,故答案为Are the ducks watching them?
44.What time
【详解】句意:现在是晚上八点。对钟点提问用疑问词what time,首字母大写,故答案为What time。
45.When eat
【详解】句意:我们七点钟去吃饭。对at seven o'clock时间提问用疑问词when,to后加动词原形,故答案为When,eat。
46.What is he doing?
【详解】j句意:他正在打篮球。对playing basketball提问,用疑问词what,系词is放在疑问词后面,考查了现在进行时的特殊疑问句:疑问词+is+主语+doing?故答案为What is he doing?
47.Is trying
【详解】现在进行时变一般疑问句,将be 动词 is提至句首,后面动词用现在分词trying。
48.What want
【详解】对动作提问用What,助动词does后接动词原形want。
49.Where walking to
【详解】对正在进行的动作提问用What,现在进行时结构为be+doing,故填doing。
50.don’t think will
【详解】句意:我认为我们会在学校大门口见面。改为否定句,应该在think前面加don’t。其它不做改变,故答案为don’t;think;will。
51.she had
【详解】句意为:艾米说:”我必须非常努力工作。” 是直接引语。要变成间接引语,第一步是去掉逗号和引号;第二步是变人称,将第一人称变为第三人称。第三步是将时态变成和主句谓语动词时态一致。故答案为 she,had。
52.too poor
【详解】句意为:许多人没有足够的钱去医院看病。too...to...含义为太……而不能……。too poor to go to hospital 含义为太穷了不能去医院看病。意思与原句相符合。故答案为 too,poor。
53.stopped from
【详解】原句句意:他的父母阻止他们玩电脑。prevent sb from doing sth = stop sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事,故答案为stopped;from。
54.used to
【详解】句意:他们经常在周日去远足。由句子动词went可知是过去时态,结合句意可知是过去常常做某事used to do sth,故答案为used;to。
55.are playing
【详解】句意:我们通常在公园里踢足球。本题考查句型转换。用now改写句子,也就是把时态改为现在进行时,结构是be+动词的现在分词,主语是we,be动词用are,动词play的现在分词是playing,故答案为are;playing。
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