Unit 1 Dealing with troubles（期中知识清单） 五年级英语下学期（北京版·新教材）

知识清单·北京版五年级下册 Unit 1 Dealing with troubles 知识梳理 知识点拨 【考点一】should的用法 【考点二】一般过去时的用法 【考点三】What happened的用法 考点一：should的用法 You should keep your things tidy. 你应该保持你的物品整洁。 should 是情态动词，后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化，否定形式为 should not（缩写 shouldn’t）。这本单元中should表示 “应该、应当”用于提出建议、义务或责任，语气比 must 委婉。 核心考点： · 后接动词原形，如：should do（不能说 should to do /should does） · 否定句：主语 + shouldn’t + 动词原形 例句：You shouldn’t pick flowers in the park. · 一般疑问句：Should + 主语 + 动词原形？ 回答：Yes, 主语 + should. / No, 主语 + shouldn’t. 例句：— Should we save water? 我们应该节约用水吗？ —Yes, we should. 是的，应该。 大显身手 单项选择。 ( ) 1．You ______ keep your desk clean every day. A．should B．are C．did ( ) 2．—I have a toothache. It really hurts. —You ______ eat too many sweets. You ______ brush your teeth. A．should; should B．should not; should C．should; shouldn’t ( ) 3．We ______ eat more vegetables and ______ eat too much meat to keep healthy. A．can; can’t B．shouldn’t; should C．should; shouldn’t ( ) 4．You ______ walk on the sidewalk. It’s safe. A．should B．will C．are ( ) 5．—What ______ we eat too much, Tim? —We ______ eat too much meat. A．can; can B．shouldn’t; shouldn’t C．shouldn’t; should 考点二：一般过去时的用法 1. —Mum, did you see my Chinese book? 妈妈，你看见我的语文书了吗？ —I saw it on your desk last night. 我昨天晚上看见它在你的课桌上。 2. —Where did you find them? 你在哪里找到它们的？ —They were on the floor in the living room. 它们在客厅的地板上。 在本单元的学习中，我们一个重要时态：一般过去时。现在我们一起系统的梳理下这个小学阶段重要的时态。 一、概念 一般过去时表示过去某个时间或某段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。 二、句型结构： 结构 例句 1．肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其它. I did my homework just now. 我刚刚做我的家庭作业。 2．否定句 主语 + did not (didn't)+ 动词原形 + 其它. I didn't do my homework just now. 我刚刚没做我的家庭作业。 3．一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+did. 否定回答：No, 主语+didn't. —Did you do your homework just now? 你刚刚写家庭作业了吗？ —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 是的，我写了。/不，我没写。 4．特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 实义动词的动词原形 (+ 其他)? What did you do last weekend? 你上周末做了什么？ 三、时间标志词： last系列 last night/week/month/year... in + 过去的时间 in 2008/1960s ...ago days/months/years ago 其他 yesterday morning, just now 易错点提示 动词过去式变化要记牢： ①一般在动词的词尾加ed。 如：work→worked stay→stayed ②以不发音的e结尾，词尾只加d。 如：close→closed like→liked ③以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i，再加ed。如：carry→carried study→studied ④以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母再加ed。 如：stop→stopped plan→planned 本单元动词一般过去式 一、规则动词（过去式在原形后加 -ed 或 -d） 直接加 -ed：ask→asked, try→tried, look→looked 以 -e 结尾加 -d：practice→practiced 二、不规则动词（过去式无固定规则，需单独记忆） 完全变化型（原形与过去式差异较大）： do→did see→saw have→had forget→forgot tell→told can→could find→found get→got break→broke say→said buy→bought go→went become→became come→came run→ran 不变型（原形与过去式相同）：put→put be 动词特殊变化：be→was, were 大显身手 单项选择。 ( ) 1．I was busy yesterday, so I ______ no time to read storybooks. A．have B．had C．has ( ) 2．—Where ______ you find my pen? —I found it under the bed. A．do B．are C．did ( ) 3．My mother ______ my schoolbag on the sofa last night. A．sees B．saw C．see ( ) 4．Beijing _____ the 29th Olympic Games. A．hosted B．hostted C．host ( ) 5．I sent you American chocolate last week. ______ you eat it? A．Does B．Did C．Do 考点三：What happened的用法 —The floor is wet. What happened, Maomao? 地板是湿的。发生了什么，毛毛？ —I’m sorry, Mum. Danny wet it. 对不起，妈妈。丹尼弄湿了它。 “What happened?”用于询问刚刚发生的、令人惊讶或异常的事件，常带有关切、惊讶或责备的语气，意为 “怎么了 / 出什么事了 / 发生了什么”。其中疑问词 what 作主语，询问 “什么事情”；happened 为动词 happen 的过去式，因为询问的是过去发生的事情。答语时态也用一般过去时，基本结构为 “主语＋动词过去式 (＋其他)”。 例：—What happened to your pen? 你的钢笔怎么了？ —I dropped it on the floor and broke it. 我把它掉在地上，摔坏了。 大显身手 单项选择。 ( ) 1．—You look so excited, John! What happened? —______ A．I fell off my bike. B．I did my homework. C．I saw a film about robots. ( ) 2．—I didn’t see Lucy in school on Monday. What happened to her? —She ______ her flight and came back late. A．left B．flew C．missed ( ) 3．—What happened to the toy boat? —I ______ it. A．break B．broke C．breaks ( ) 4．What happened ______ you? A．of B．to C．with ( ) 5．—What happened to you? —______ A．I lost my schoolbag. B．I hit somebody on my way home. C．My cat scratched me. 写作指引 写作主题：介绍如何解决问题 方法步骤： 介绍自己解决问题的经历，可按“三步三要素法”写作： 第一步：开头，介绍自己曾经遇到的问题； 第二步：正文，介绍寻求帮助的对象、得到的建议、解决对策三要素； 第三步：结尾，表达自己在解决问题的过程中收获的经验教训。 素材积累： 必备词汇 必备句型 开头 介绍自己遇到的问题：problem, difficult... · I had a problem with maths. 正文 介绍寻求帮助的对象：ask...for help... 得到的建议：methods, told...to..., go over, put up, notice, correctly, important, useful, a good way... 解决对策：try my best, deal with, solve... · I asked my maths teacher for help. · He told me to do exercises every day. · It's useful to talk about the difficult parts with classmates. · I will try my best to deal with this problem. 结尾 评价：learned that, know, face, bravely · I learned that I should face problems bravely. 小试身手： 根据表格内容提示，写一篇演讲稿，介绍一次解决困难的经历。要求：逻辑合理，书写正确；不少于 50 词（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 Beginning My problem: couldn’t find my teddy bear Middle Asked my mother for help; tidy up my room Ending I should put things in order. I’m glad to stand here to share my story. 范文： I’m glad to stand here to share my story. Last week, I had a big problem—I couldn’t find my favourite teddy bear. I looked for it in my room but didn’t find it. I felt sad and asked my mother for help. She told me to tidy up my room first. I put my books in order and cleaned the floor carefully. Finally, I found the teddy bear under my bed. From this experience, I learned that I should put things in order. 综合训练 一、选择与图意相符的短语。 A. walk the dog B. wash the dishes C. lunch box D. make a to-do list E. make the bed ( ) 1. ( ) 2. ( ) 3. ( ) 4. ( ) 5. 二、【新考法·词义推断】读一读谜面，将正确答案写在横线上。 Ms　method　aloud　free　card 1. It’s a small, thin piece of paper or plastic. There are pictures or words on it. ______ 2. It is a kind of honorific title (尊称). We use this word before a woman’s family name. ______ 3. It means we have no classes, no homework and no things to do. We can play or do what we like at that time. ______ 4. To speak or read with a sound that others can hear. ______ 5. It’s a way to do something. ______ 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. What problems (do) Maomao have? 2. (be) you at school yesterday? 3. My father (be) so busy last year. 4. I (see) it on the floor in the study yesterday evening. 5. Mike (have) a great trip last winter holiday. 四、单项选择。 ( ) 1. Jack, you should be ____ careful. A. many B. little C. more ( ) 2. 【跨学科·语文】“The setting sun is infinitely (无限地) beautiful, but it is near dusk (黄昏).” is written by ____. A. Li Shangyin B. Luo Binwang C. Wang Changling ( ) 3. My dog wet the floor. I forgot ____ it. A. walk B. walking C. to walk ( ) 4. Don’t ____. Let me help you. A. worry B. to go C. say ( ) 5. When the girl got lost near the Temple of Heaven, she ____ the police for help. A. asks B. ask C. asked ( ) 6. —____ you see my storybook? —No, ____. You should put everything in order. A. Did; I didn’t B. Do; I did C. Did; you didn’t ( ) 7. —What happened to the book? —I’m sorry. I ____ it. A. break B. broke C. broken ( ) 8. What a ____! You should tidy up the living room. A. mess B. great C. tidy ( ) 9. Peter ____ a bird in the tree yesterday. A. watch B. see C. saw ( ) 10. —Why are you sad, Jason? —Because I ____ to bring the card. A. take B. forgot C. miss 五、读一读，选择正确的句子补全对话。 A. I forgot to bring my Chinese book back. B. And don’t forget to wash your lunch box. C. You’d better make a to-do list. D. What happened to it? E. Don’t forget to tidy your desk after finishing homework. Mum: Your schoolbag is dirty. 1. ____ Yangyang: I dropped it on the ground. I will clean it later. Mum: All right. Let’s deal with it together. Yangyang: Thank you, Mum. Mum: You’re welcome. 2. ____ Yangyang: OK. I’ll wash it right now. Mum: Did you finish your Chinese homework? Yangyang: No, I didn’t. 3. ____ Mum: Again? 4. ____ Yangyang: I’ll try that. Mum: 5. ____ Yangyang: Sure, I’ll tidy my desk as soon as I finish the homework. Mum: Good boy! 六、选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空，补全短文。 hard　practice　sad　get　help Amy didn’t like Maths. Last week, she had a Maths test and failed. She felt 1. because she thought Maths was too 2. . Amy asked her friend Lucy for 3. . Lucy taught her some easy ways to solve problems. Then, Amy decided to try again. She 4. every day at home. When the next test came, Amy worked hard and finished all the questions. She 5. 100 at last! 七、【新语篇·微博】小刚在微博中分享自己学习英语的方法。阅读微博内容，选择正确的答案。 ( ) 1. What does the underlined word “spent” mean?@Xiaogang I had a big problem last month! I couldn’t remember English words well. I spent 30 minutes every morning reading words, but I always forgot them in the afternoon. My English teacher, Ms Wang, saw my problem. She told me to make word cards. I bought small white cards, then I wrote English words on one side and Chinese meanings on the other. I put the cards in my pocket, and went over them every free minute—when I waited for the bus, ate snacks, or walked to school. I also asked my friends to test me every evening. After two weeks of hard work, I could remember fifty new words correctly (准确地) ! Now I like learning English words very much. Word cards are really useful for me! A. 花费 B. 承受 C. 支付 ( ) 2. What did Ms Wang advise (建议) Xiaogang to do? A. Read words for one hour every day. B. Make word cards. C. Ask friends for help. ( ) 3. Where did Xiaogang put his word cards? A. In his schoolbag. B. In his pocket. C. On his desk. ( ) 4. How long did it take Xiaogang to remember fifty new words? A. Two weeks. B. One month. C. Three days. ( ) 5. What’s the best title for this Weibo? A. My English Teacher Ms Wang B. An Useful Way to Remember English Words C. My Busy School Life 参考答案 【考点一】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 【考点二】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 【考点三】 1．C 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．C 【综合训练】 一、选择与图意相符的短语。 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. E 二、【新考法·词义推断】读一读谜面，将正确答案写在横线上。 1. card 2. Ms 3. free 4. aloud 5. method 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 四、单项选择。 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. B 五、读一读，选择正确的句子补全对话。 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. E 六、选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空，补全短文。 1. sad 2. hard 3. help 4. practiced 5. got 七、【新语篇·微博】小刚在微博中分享自己学习英语的方法。阅读微博内容，选择正确的答案。 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. B 第 1 页 共 15 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $