专题08 阅读理解（期中专项训练）五年级英语下学期（外研版一起）

专项08 阅读理解 01 解题小技巧 02【题型一】阅读选择 03【题型二】阅读判断 04【题型三】任务型阅读 解题小技巧 阅读理解主要考查信息查找、细节理解和句意判断能力，结合三下题型（阅读选择、判断、任务型），掌握三步解题法，轻松搞定各类题型，简单易操作！ 一、核心解题三步法 · 第一步：先看题，划关键 先读题目（选择 / 判断 / 任务要求），圈出疑问词、人名、事物、关键词（如 what/where、dad/mom、elephant/rice），明确要找的信息。 · 第二步：读原文，找定位 带着题目关键词读短文 / 看图，在原文中找到和关键词对应的句子 / 图片信息，做好标记，不用逐字翻译全文。 · 第三步：比信息，定答案 将原文标记的信息和题目选项 / 判断句对比，一致则选 / 打 T，不一致则排除 / 打 F；任务型题直接提取原文关键词填写。 二、避坑小提醒 · 不主观想象：答案全部来自原文 / 图片，不自己编造； · 注意细节匹配：单复数、人称、肯定否定要对应； · 任务型题抄原词：不要改词，确保拼写和原文一致。 三、速记口诀 · 先看题目划关键，带着关键读原文； · 找到定位做标记，对比信息定答案； · 细节千万要注意，原文里面找依据。 【题型一】阅读选择题 （一） 阅读短文，选择最佳答案。 Xiaoyong’s grandfather was a policeman before. His grandmother was doctor. His father was an English teacher before. Now he is a policeman. His mother was a worker before. Now she is a nurse. Fanfan’s grandfather was a teacher. Her grandmother was a writer. Her father was a fireman before. Now he is a bus driver. Her mother was a farmer. Now she is a flute player. She played Chinese music. 1．What was Xiaoyong’s grandfather?( ) A．He was a policeman. B．He is a policeman. C．He was teacher. 2．What is Xiaoyong’s father?( ) A．A teacher. B．A policeman. C．A driver. 3．Where did Xiaoyong’s mother work?( ) A．A worker. B．A factory. C．A hospital. 4．What was Fanfan’s father?( ) A．A fireman. B．A driver. C．A farmer. 5．What does Fanfan’s father drive?( ) A．A train. B．A bus. C．A driver. （二） 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 A happy day Last Sunday, we went to work on a farm. We wore(穿)school clothes. Mr. Li was in an old coat. He looked funny (可笑的 ). It was nine o'clock when we got there. Then we began (开始 ) to help the farmers do farm work. We worked hard. We felt very happy. 1．When did they go to work on a farm?( ) A．Last Sunday. B．This Sunday. C．Last Saturday. 2．Mr. Li was in .( ) A．a new shirt B．an old shirt C．an old coat 3．When did they get there?( ) A．At eight o'clock. B．At nine o'clock. C．At ten o'clock. 4．They helped do the work.( ) A．the workers B．the farmers C．the students 5．They wore .( ) A．school clothes B．shirt C．sweater （三） 读短文，根据内容选择最佳选项，将相应的标号填入括号内。 People like to eat rice. Rice is a kind of grass. There are about 7, 200 kinds of rice. Rice grows in fields called paddies. Some rice needs lots of water to grow. In China, rice fields have a history of over 8, 000 years. Chinese people are good at growing and cooking rice. There are many sayings about rice. If you say “I lost my rice bowl”, it means “I lost my job. ” Throwing a rice bowl on the floor means the person is angry. Parents teach their children to eat every grain of rice in their bowls, because it is not easy for farmers to grow rice. Yuan Longping is called “the father of hybrid rice”. He helped China grow more rice than before. Now farmers grow Yuan’s hybrid rice in many countries. Hybrid rice helps many hungry people around the world. Yuan Longping was a great man and we should all learn from him. Word Bank: field n. 田、(作某种用途的)场地；paddies n. 稻田；hybrid rice n. 杂交水稻 1．Rice fields have a history of over ______ years in China.( ) A．7, 200 B．8, 200 C．8, 000 2．In the saying “I lost my rice bowl”, “rice bowl” means ______.( ) A．food B．job C．a small bowl for eating rice 3．If someone throws a rice bowl on the floor, it means the person is ______.( ) A．happy B．worried C．angry 4．Children should eat every grain of rice in their bowls because ______.( ) A．it is not easy to grow rice B．rice is very delicious C．there are many sayings about rice 5．Which statement (陈述) is NOT TRUE about Yuan Longping?( ) A．He is “the father of hybrid rice”. B．He was good at growing rice. C．He only helped hungry people in China. （四） 阅读短文内容，选择正确的答案。 In many English home people eat four meals a day: breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner． People have breakfast at any time from seven to nine in the morning. They eat porridge, eggs or bread. English people drink tea or coffee at breakfast. Lunch comes at one o'clock. Afternoon tea is from four to five in the afternoon. And dinner is about half past seven. First they have soup. Then they have meat or fish with vegetables. After that they eat some other things, like bananas, apples or oranges. But not all English people eat like that. Some of them have their dinner in the middle of the day. Their meals are breakfast, dinner, tea and supper and all these meals are very simple. 1．Many English people have meals a day.( ) A．two B．three C．four 2．People drink at breakfast.( ) A．tea B．water C．tea or coffee 3．English people usually have lunch at .( ) A．one thirty B．one o'clock C．twelve thirty 4．People don't have for their dinner.( ) A．milk B．bananas and apples C．soup and meat 5．These meals are very .( ) A．big B．simple C．difficult （五） 根据短文内容选择合适的选项，把编号写在括号里。 A farmer is walking in the forest. He is very tired. He says,“Let me have a nap here.”Now he is sleeping under a big tree. One of his shoes is beside him. A monkey is picking up his shoe and climbing up the tree. The farmer wakes up. He is shouting,“Give it back to me.”The monkey is shouting（大喊）, too. It is imitating（模仿）the farmer. The farmer thinks,“The monkey likes imitating. Good! I have an idea.”Look! He is taking off his shoe and throwing it away. Guess! What’s the monkey doing? Yes! He is throwing the shoe, too. Now the farmer is picking up his two shoes. He is laughing（大笑）and singing,“What a naughty（调皮的）monkey! What a silly monkey! What a funny monkey......” 1．The farmer is sleeping. One of his shoes is .( ) A．In his hand B．beside him 2．The farmer is sleeping. The monkey is .( ) A．taking away（拿走）his shoe B．sleeping 3．The farmer is shouting. The monkey is .( ) A．eating B．shouting 4．The farmer is throwing away his shoe. The monkey is .( ) A．laughing B．throwing away the shoe 5．Finally, the farmer is picking up his two shoes, he is .( ) A．happy B．angry 【题型二】阅读判断题 （一） 阅读短文，判断正（T）误（F）。 I have a beautiful schoolbag. It is made of cloth. It is black and purple. There are lots of things in my schoolbag. There is a red pencil-box, books and a water bottle. My schoolbag is always very heavy because I have many books. I have had my schoolbag for three years but it still looks very nice. I like it very much. 1．My schoolbag is black and white.( ) 2．There are lots of things in my schoolbag.( ) 3．My schoolbag is always very heavy because I have many books.( ) 4．I have had my schoolbag for thirteen years.( ) 5．My schoolbag looks very old.( ) （二） 阅读短文，判断正（T）误（F）。 I have a beautiful schoolbag. My father bought it for me last autumn as a birthday present. My schoolbag is a blue one, and blue is my favourite colour. On the schoolbag, you can see a little tiger. It’s very lovely. There are many books in my schoolbag. And there is a nice pencil-box, too. Inside the schoolbag, there is a small pocket. I often put some money and keys in it. 1．My father bought the schoolbag for me this autumn.( ) 2．This schoolbag is a present.( ) 3．The schoolbag is blue.( ) 4．There is a pocket on the tiger.( ) 5．There is a nice pencil-box and many books in the schoolbag.( ) 【题型三】阅读判断题 （一） Think and write. Breakfast Lunch Dinner Tom Sandwiches Eggs Fish and chips Andy Hamburgers Sausages Noodles Lucy Rice Bread Sandwiches 1．Tom had _______ for breakfast. He had eggs for________. He____________________________________________. 2．Andy had hamburgers_______. He had_______________. He_____________________________________________. 3．Lucy had________________. She had bread for________. She had _______ for dinner. （二） 阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。 In spring, it is often warm. The trees and grass turn green in spring. Sometimes it’s windy, so we can fly a kite outside. In summer, it’s hot. It usually rains. The days become long and the nights become short. We can go swimming in summer. In autumn, it is cool. The leaves fall down from the trees. People like to have a picnic with the family. In winter, it’s cold. Sometimes it snows. We can ski and skate. They are very interesting. We can also play with the snow. 1．The trees turn ______ in spring. 2．In summer, it usually ______. 3．The ______ are long and the ______ are short in summer. 4．People usually have a picnic in ______. 5．We can ______ and ______ in winter. 参考答案及解析 第 1 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【题型一】 （一） 答案：1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 解析： 1．由文章内容 “Xiaoyong's grandfather was a policeman before.”可知小勇的爷爷以前是警察，故选A。 2．由文章内容 “Now he is a policeman.”可知小勇的父亲现在是警察，故选B。 3．由文章内容 “His mother was a worker before.”可知小勇的母亲以前是工人，工人在工厂工作，故选B。 4．由文章内容 “Her father was a fireman before.”可知帆帆的爸爸以前是消防员，故选A。 5．由文章内容 “Now he is a bus driver.”可知帆帆的爸爸是公交车司机，开公交车，故选B。 （二） 答案：1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 解析： 1．由文章“Last Sunday, we went to work on a farm.”可知他们上周日去了农场，故选A。 2．由文章“Mr. Li was in an old coat.”可知李老师穿着一件旧外套，故选C。 3．由文章“It was nine o'clock when we got there.”可知他们九点到的农场，故选B。 4．由文章“Then we began to help the farmers do farm work.”可知他们帮助农民干活，故选B。 5．由文章“We wore school clothes.”可知他们穿着校服，故选A。 （三） 答案：1.C 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.C 解析： 1．由“In China, rice fields have a history of over 8, 000 years.”可知中国的稻田有8000多年的历史，故选C。 2．由“If you say “I lost my rice bowl”, it means “I lost my job. ””可知“饭碗”在这里指工作，故选B。 3．由“Throwing a rice bowl on the floor means the person is angry.”可知把饭碗扔在地上意味着人生气了，故选C。 4．由“Parents teach their children to eat every grain of rice in their bowls, because it is not easy for farmers to grow rice.”可知孩子要吃光碗里的米饭是因为农民种水稻不容易，故选A。 5．由“Hybrid rice helps many hungry people around the world.”可知杂交水稻帮助了全世界的饥饿人群，并非只帮助中国，C项表述错误，故选C。 （四） 答案：1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B 解析： 1．由“In many English home people eat four meals a day: breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner.”可知许多英国人一天吃四顿饭，故选C。 2．由“English people drink tea or coffee at breakfast.”可知英国人早餐喝茶或咖啡，故选C。 3．由“Lunch comes at one o'clock.”可知英国人一点钟吃午餐，故选B。 4．由“First they have soup. Then they have meat or fish with vegetables. After that they eat some other things, like bananas, apples or oranges.”可知英国人晚餐会喝汤、吃肉/鱼、吃水果，没有提到牛奶，故选A。 5．由“all these meals are very simple.”可知这些饭菜都很简单，故选B。 （五） 答案：1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.A 解析： 1．由“Now he is sleeping under a big tree. One of his shoes is beside him.”可知农民睡觉时有一只鞋在他旁边，故选B。 2．由“A monkey is picking up his shoe and climbing up the tree.”可知猴子拿走了农民的鞋，故选A。 3．由“The farmer wakes up. He is shouting,“Give it back to me.”The monkey is shouting, too.”可知农民大喊时猴子也跟着喊，故选B。 4．由“He is taking off his shoe and throwing it away...He is throwing the shoe, too.”可知农民扔鞋时猴子也扔了鞋，故选B。 5．由“Now the farmer is picking up his two shoes. He is laughing and singing”可知农民捡回鞋子后很开心，故选A。 【题型二】 （一） 答案：1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.F 解析： 1．由“It is black and purple.”可知书包是黑紫相间的，并非黑白相间，表述错误。 2．由“There are lots of things in my schoolbag.”可知书包里有很多东西，表述正确。 3．由“My schoolbag is always very heavy because I have many books.”可知书包重是因为有很多书，表述正确。 4．由“I have had my schoolbag for three years”可知书包用了三年，并非十三年，表述错误。 5．由“but it still looks very nice.”可知书包看起来还很新，并非很旧，表述错误。 （二） 答案：1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.T 解析： 1．由“My father bought it for me last autumn as a birthday present.”可知爸爸是去年秋天买的书包，并非今年秋天，表述错误。 2．由“My father bought it for me last autumn as a birthday present.”可知书包是生日礼物，表述正确。 3．由“My schoolbag is a blue one”可知书包是蓝色的，表述正确。 4．由“Inside the schoolbag, there is a small pocket.”可知口袋在书包里面，并非在老虎图案上，表述错误。 5．由“There are many books in my schoolbag. And there is a nice pencil-box, too.”可知书包里有很多书和一个漂亮的文具盒，表述正确。 【题型三】 （一） 答案： 1．sandwiches; lunch; had fish and chips for dinner 2．for breakfast; sausages for lunch; had noodles for dinner 3．rice for breakfast; lunch; sandwiches 解析：根据表格中Tom、Andy、Lucy三人早中晚餐的食物信息，结合句子语法结构填空即可。 （二） 答案： 1．green 2．rains 3．days; nights 4．autumn 5．ski; skate 解析： 1．由“The trees and grass turn green in spring.”可知春天树木变绿。 2．由“In summer, it’s hot. It usually rains.”可知夏天经常下雨。 3．由“The days become long and the nights become short.”可知夏天白天长、夜晚短。 4．由“In autumn, it is cool...People like to have a picnic with the family.”可知人们喜欢在秋天野餐。 5．由“In winter, it’s cold...We can ski and skate.”可知冬天可以滑雪和滑冰。 $