Unit 6 Section 8 Writing Workshop-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册教师用书word（北师大版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语概要写作核心知识点，先通过"summary"和"prefer"等词汇的用法感知、归纳点拨及应用练习夯实语言基础，再系统梳理概要写作的文体架构、要点构思（完整性、简洁性等原则）和行文逻辑，最后以"《超人》背后的超级英雄"为例，通过四步法（读懂原文、提炼信息、归纳转换、润色衔接）及写作素材储备（同义替换等）构建完整学习支架。 该资料特色在于融合词汇学习与写作实践，通过实例分析（如屠呦呦文章概要的细节删减、同义转换）培养学生语言能力（准确表达）和思维品质（分析概括），提供的具体写作步骤和素材助力学习能力提升。课中辅助教师引导学生掌握方法，课后学生可借助素材自主练习，有效查漏补缺。

Section 8　 Writing Workshop 课时目标 1.阅读文章概要，把握文章的写作框架。 2.运用概括信息的技法，写一篇文章概要。 1．summary n．概要；摘要；总结 adj.总结性的；概括的 |用|法|感|知| ·(“传统文化”主题佳句)In summary, it is high time for us to treasure and develop our own valuable culture. 总之，现在是我们珍惜和发展我们自己的宝贵文化的时候了。 ·Please send a speaker from your group to make a summary of your discussion. 请从你的小组中派一位发言者对你们的讨论进行总结。 [归纳点拨] (1)in summary　　　　　　 总的来说；总之 make a summary of ... 对……进行总结 (2)summarize vt.　　　　　 总结，概述 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①I can orally summarize (summary) the information I have read in English. ②In summary, the two universities have some similarities. 总之，那两所大学有一些共同之处。 ③Below is a summary of what we talked about and learned from one another. 下面是对我们所讨论的以及互相学到的知识的一个总结。 2．... she is uninterested in fame and prefers to continue her research. ……她对名声不感兴趣，更喜欢继续她的研究。 ★prefer vt.宁愿；更喜欢 |用|法|感|知| ·When talking about my son's reading preference, I think he prefers science books. 当谈到我儿子的阅读喜好时，我认为他更喜欢科学书籍。 ·(“个人介绍”佳句)As for me, I prefer to smile when communicating with someone, because a smile can narrow the distance between us. 就我而言，我更喜欢微笑着与人交流，因为微笑可以拉近我们之间的距离。 [归纳点拨] (1)prefer doing/to do sth.　 更喜欢做某事 prefer A to B 与B相比，更喜欢A prefer sb.to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事；希望某人做某事 (2) 宁愿做……而不愿做……；比起……更喜欢…… (3)preference n. 喜爱，偏爱 have a preference for ... 偏爱…… |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①A teacher should not have a preference (prefer) for any one of his/her pupils. ②He prefers cycling to driving. ③I prefer wearing/to wear (wear) clothes made of silk. ④Many people prefer living in the country to living (live) in the city. (2)同义句转换 I would prefer to stay at home rather than go out. ⑤I prefer staying at home to going out. ⑥I would stay at home rather than go out. ⑦I would rather stay at home than go out. ■写作项目——Write a summary　 本单元的写作任务是写一篇文章概要。概要写作是对一篇文章的主题思想的简单陈述，它用最简洁的语言概括原文的主题，使读者对一篇文章有一个简要、概括的了解。概要写作主要包括总结原文的主要观点、主要支撑细节及总体性评价。写作时注意既要用词准确、结构合理、语意连贯、不抄袭原文，又要能完全概括出文章的中心大意。 |由教材学写作| 一、学文体架构 本篇课文是“A Medical Pioneer”的概要，总结该文体的框架结构如下： 二、学要点构思 概要写作要遵循四个基本原则：完整性(complete)、简洁性(concise)、客观性(objective)和原创性(original)。写作时要遵循原文的逻辑顺序，内容应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节，客观地如实反映原文的观点和内容，体现创新性，不能完全照搬原文。 如本文有如下特点： 1．第一段用一句话概述了原有文章第一段的内容，短小精悍，起到了总括作用。尤其是a life-saving drug for malaria的使用，作为artemisinin的同位语，而且代替了原有的定语从句，简洁明了。对文章中的词语和句子进行合理转换是概要写作的基本写法。 2．第二段删掉了原有文章第二段中屠呦呦的具体出生日期等信息及生平经历中的时间表述。剔除非重要的信息是概要写作的基本写法。第一句中使用的动词major，意为“主修，专攻”，替代了原有的studied，且用词更为严谨。 3．第三段概述了原有文章第三、四段的内容。使用高级词汇mission高度概括了屠呦呦的实验过程。第一句中的set up代替了原有的establish，属于同义词的转换。第三句中“Despite their limited resources and hundreds of failed experiments”高度概括了原文中使用四句话涵盖的内容。 4．最后一段高度概括了原有文章的内容，删去了原文中屠呦呦获得的一些荣誉，仅用了uninterested和prefer 高度概括了她对名誉的态度。 三、学行文逻辑 概要写作要注意要点之间的衔接，使用恰当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。如课文中使用了表示并列关系的and、表示转折关系的despite、表示顺承关系的finally及表示目的的in order to等衔接词，使文章逻辑严谨，行文顺畅。 |具体写作指导| Write a summary of the text “The Superhero Behind Superman” ——写课文“《超人》背后的超级英雄”的概要 写作时可采用以下步骤对文章进行精准概要： 第一步：读懂原文，明确篇章结构 写概要之前，一定要先通读原文，确定文章的体裁和主题。在正确把握文章主旨和段落大意后，明确原文的篇章结构。 根据意义将文中的自然段划分部分，其数量对应的就是要点的数量(一般为3～4个要点)。 通过阅读原文可判断本文体裁是一篇人物介绍，属于记叙文，主要介绍了主人公克里斯托弗·里夫的生平事迹。根据意义划分文章结构如下： Part 1 Para. 1 ①general introduction Part 2 Paras. 2～3 life before the incident and after the incident Part 3 Paras. 4～5 a superhero in real life Part 4 Para. 6 ②his death 通过分析，可确定本篇概要需要有1个主旨和4个要点，在写作时需要体现。 第二步：忽略次要信息，提炼关键信息 在分析完文章的结构后，要按照文章的段落找出每一段的主旨句，并圈出一些能体现段落大意的关键词。提取信息时，要忽略冗余信息，也就是与主旨无关的一些细节信息。 原文各段落的主旨句和关键词如下： 段落 主旨句 关键词 第一段 第二句 ①Christopher Reeve's life；superhero 第二段 第一句 born；acting; Superman film 第三段 第二句 Superman films; real-life superman；raising awareness；good causes 第四段 ② 第一句 disaster; injury; lost all hope; depression; support; will to live; goal 第五段 第一句 new sense; exercise programme; goal; film career; charity work; advocate; positive attitude 第六段 第一句 ③pass away；superhero 第三步：归纳要点，合理转换表达 明确每个意义段的关键信息后，接下来应用自己的语言准确地表达各意义段的要点。 为避免和原文的句子重复，可利用同义转述、句式转换等形式归纳要点。各要点的词数应根据文中对应内容的篇幅来定，分清主次。 转换表达注意遵循2个原则： ①不增不减不曲：客观精准地表述原文要点，不增添不属于原材料的信息或删减原材料关键信息或改变原材料所表达的意思。 ②不繁：在正确理解原文的前提下，用简洁的语言表达与所给材料一致的信息。 如本篇概要的主旨和各要点可以初步概括为： 主旨句 ①Christopher Reeve not only played a superhero in many of the Superman films, but he was also a superhero to many in real life. 要点1 Reeve acted in his first school play at the age of eight. As an actor, he tried out for, and starred in four Superman films from 1978 to 1987. He became a world-famous actor. 要点2 A terrible thing happened in 1995.Reeve was thrown off a horse and broke his neck.At first, his doctors did not expect him to live. 要点3 “Superman” didn't give up. Although he could never walk again, Reeve began his new life with dignity and courage. Shortly after his accident, Reeve returned to film-making and devoted himself to helping those in need. 要点4 ②Christopher Reeve died on 10 October, 2004. He will always be regarded as a superhero — in more ways than one. 第四步：润色升级，合理过渡衔接 在拟好概要写作的草稿后，合理使用非谓语、从句和特殊句式等使句式丰富多样，但句子结构不可过长，也不要用太复杂的句子结构。同时选用适当的过渡衔接词衔接上下文，保证概要部分内容的连贯性。 根据以上步骤，课文The Superhero Behind Superman的概要如下： Christopher Reeve not only played a superhero in many of the Superman films, but he was also a superhero to many in real life. Reeve acted in his first school play at the age of eight. As an actor, he tried out for, and starred in four Superman films from 1978 to 1987. From then on, he became a world-famous actor. (要点1) Unfortunately, a terrible thing happened in 1995.Reeve was thrown off a horse and broke his neck.At first, his doctors did not expect him to live. (要点2) However, “Superman” didn't give up. Although he could never walk again, Reeve began his new life with dignity and courage. Shortly after his accident, Reeve returned to film-making. Over the next few years, he devoted himself to helping those in need.(要点3) Christopher Reeve died on 10 October, 2004. But he will always be regarded as a superhero — in more ways than one.(要点4) |写作素材储备| 一、积累概要写作素材 1．同义替换 ①be good to有益于→benefit ②too much过多的→excessive ③the same as与……一样→likewise ④about关于→concerning, regarding, be related to, be relevant to ⑤actually事实上→in fact, as a matter of fact，in reality ⑥aim at旨在→be aimed to, be aimed at, be intended to, be meant to ⑦appear出现→appearance, turn up, show up ⑧approach靠近，临近→come near, draw near, around the corner ⑨besides而且，另外→additionally, in addition, what's more, moreover, furthermore ⑩be proud of为……感到骄傲/自豪→take pride in ⑪energetic精力充沛的→full of energy ⑫have fun玩得开心→enjoy oneself, have a good time ⑬hold举行→take place ⑭honor/honour纪念→in honor/honour of ⑮intelligent聪明的→smart, bright, brilliant ⑯in a word总之→all in all, in conclusion, in short, in brief, to sum up ⑰finally最后→in the end, eventually, at the end of ⑱in the beginning开始→at the start of, to begin with 2．反义转换 ①sincere→insincere 　 ②encourage→discourage ③absence→presence ④abundance→lack ⑤admit→deny ⑥accidental→intentional 3．词性转换 ①recognize your child→parents' recognition ②strongly against→strong opposition ③have a discussion of→discuss ④have a tendency to→tend to ⑤give an explanation of→explain ⑥make a contribution to→contribute to 4．句式变换 (1)主、被动语态变换 People widely use computers in the world today. →Computers are widely used in the world today. (2)简单句合并为复合句 The weather turned out to be very good. This was more than we could expect. →The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect. (3)连词衔接法 He insisted on staying. He was not willing to go. →He insisted on staying rather than going. (4)固定结构转换法 We are sure to finish it in time because so many people are helping us. →With so many people helping us, we are sure to finish it in time. (5)特殊句式法(倒装句和强调句) ①Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests were present at the meeting. →Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. ②The beautiful scenery attracts the tourists from all over the world. →It is the beautiful scenery that attracts the tourists from all over the world. 二、积累人物介绍主题语段 1．Zhang Qian Zhang Qian, an outstanding figure in Chinese history, was a truly courageous pioneer. He fearlessly ventured into the vast and mysterious Western Regions. With unwavering determination and a spirit of exploration, he overcame numerous difficulties and challenges. His remarkable journey opened up the Silk Road, a vital trade route that connected the East and the West, and his deeds have left an indelible and glorious mark in Chinese history. 张骞，中国历史上一位杰出的人物，是真正勇敢无畏的开拓者。他毫不畏惧地踏入广阔而神秘的西域。带着坚定不移的决心和探索精神，他克服了无数的困难与挑战。他那趟非凡的旅程开辟了丝绸之路——这条连接东西方的重要贸易通道。他的事迹在中国历史上留下了不可磨灭且光辉的印记。 2．Yuan Longping Yuan Longping, the renowned pioneer of hybrid rice, wholeheartedly dedicated his entire life to agriculture. His weathered and wrinkled face carried the distinct mark of years of unwavering hard work. Each wrinkle seemed to tell the tales of countless days spent in the fields, painstakingly conducting research and experiments under the scorching sun or in the pouring rain, with an unwavering resolve to ensure a bountiful harvest for the people. 袁隆平，这位著名的杂交水稻先驱，全心全意地将自己的一生奉献给了农业。他那饱经风霜且布满皱纹的脸承载着多年来辛苦劳作的鲜明印记。每一道皱纹似乎都在讲述着无数个在田间度过的日子，在烈日下或倾盆大雨中不辞辛劳地进行研究和试验，带着坚定的决心确保为人民带来丰收。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $