Unit 5 Section 8 Writing Workshop-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册教师用书word（北师大版）

Section 8　 Writing Workshop 课时目标 1.阅读文章，归纳关于宣传手册的写作风格及特点。 2.学会写关于灾难求生的宣传手册。 1．HOLD ON to your shelter until the shaking stops. 在晃动停止前，不要离开你的避难所。 ★shelter n．避难所；遮蔽物 vt.& vi.保护，掩蔽，躲避(风雨或危险) |用|法|感|知| ·(“细节描写”佳句)They found a small cave that could serve as a shelter from the heavy rain. 他们找到了一个小山洞，可以当作躲避大雨的庇护所。 ·(“动作描写”佳句)The kind woman sheltered the lost child who was shivering with fear in her warm house. 这位善良的女士将那个因害怕而瑟瑟发抖的迷路的孩子安置在她温暖的房子里。 [归纳点拨] (1)take shelter from ...　 躲避…… give sb. shelter 庇护某人 (2)shelter sb./sth. from ... 保护某人/某物不受……　　　　 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①The wall sheltered us from the enemy's gunfire. ②After the big earthquake, the victims had to live in the temporary shelters. 大地震之后，灾民们不得不住在临时避难所。 ③You are not fragile flowers and you can't take shelter from wind and rain in a greenhouse forever. 你们不是脆弱的花朵，你们不能永远在温室里躲避风雨。 2．Observe carefully before you move away. 移动前要仔细观察。 ★observe vt.观察；注意；看到；注视，监视；遵守(规则、法律等)；庆祝，庆贺 |用|法|感|知| (写出下列句中observe的含义) ①Therefore, rules should be worked out and strictly observed. 遵守 ②Over the next few days, Grandfather was able to observe the kindness, which Matt had not only for animals but for people as well. 观察 ③Could you tell me how you usually observe New Year's Day in your country？ 庆祝 归纳点拨 (1)observe sb.do/doing sth.看到某人做了/正在做某事 observe sth.done　 看到某事被做 observe a rule 遵守规则 (2)observer n. 观察者 (3)observation n. 观察；观察力；观察结果 under observation 在观察中；在监视下 名师点津 observe作“观察；注意”讲时，可用省去to的动词不定式或v.-ing形式作宾语补足语；但如果用于被动语态，省去的动词不定式符号to要还原。 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ④I observed her walk (walk) away with a smile. ⑤She observed a man walking (walk) on the opposite side of the way. ⑥Every observation (observe) we make involves the exchange of energy. ⑦The thief was observed to open (open) the window and run away. ⑧We observed that it had turned cloudy. 我们观察到天气转阴了。 ⑨The mother observed her son doing his homework and felt cheerful. 母亲看到儿子正在做作业，感到很高兴。 写作项目——Write a brochure about surviving a disaster　 本单元的写作任务是写一个有关灾难逃生的宣传手册，属于介绍要点式说明文。此类文章的写作重心是对事物要点特征的介绍。介绍说明要有顺序层次，让读者清楚明了，对关键核心部分要重点说明，详略得当。 |由教材学写作| 一、学文体架构 阅读课文，总结该文体的框架结构如下： 二、学要点构思 救生手册写作需要遵循一定的逻辑顺序，可根据灾难发生后采取措施的步骤，按顺序安排好材料，也可按照所处的不同位置或场景，按情况给出不同建议，在相应的建议后说明原因。同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。写作时可按照 Things to do before .../Things to do during .../ Things not to do during ...进行叙述，也可按照firstly/secondly/ ...的方式进行叙述。如本文利用小标题的形式，从三个方面(室内、户外以及车内等)描述了地震发生时人们常处的环境，每个方面都分段提出了建议及原因，如“Move to open areas. Buildings, trees, streetlights and power lines can fall down during an earthquake.”逻辑清晰、语言简练，能够使读者快速明确地震求生的一些情况。 三、学语言特色 1．救生手册常使用简单有力的祈使句表达紧急情况下的强烈要求或建议。如课文中“Don't try to run out of the building during an earthquake；Move to open areas; Observe carefully before you move away; Avoid bridges that have been damaged or may be damaged by the aftershocks”等。 2．救生手册中常使用一些关键动词来表示重要的动作，体现动作的连贯性，使描写具有画面感。如课文中“DROP down onto your hands and knees；COVER your head and neck; HOLD ON to your shelter”等。 |具体写作指导| Write a brochure about surviving a disaster ——写一个关于在灾难中求生的宣传手册 第一步：构思谋篇 Tense Present simple tense Person Second person Main points Part 1: Briefly point out some rules to remember when a disaster occurs. Part 2: Describe the precautions to be taken during the disaster. Part 3: Emphasize faith in the face of the disaster. 第二步：要点表达 第一部分　开头应点明灾难发生时要记住一些规则 If an earthquake happens, keep the following rules in mind.　 如果发生地震，请牢记以下规则。 第二部分　详细介绍灾难中需要注意的事项 1．点明不同的场景 ①If you are indoors/outdoors/in a car 如果你在家里/在外面/在车里 ②If you are working on the farm/walking on the road 如果你正在农场工作/行走在路上 2．灾难发生时该做什么？ ①Find some safe places to stay in. 找些安全的地方待着。 ②You should hide yourself under something hard, such as a desk, a table or even a bed. 你应该躲藏在坚硬的物体下面，比如书桌、桌子甚至床。 ③If you are in the open air, find an open place. 如果你在户外，找一个空旷的地方。 ④We should help each other when we are in trouble. 当遇到困难时，我们应该互相帮助。 3．灾难发生时不该做什么？ ①You should not run in a hurry. 你不应该匆匆忙忙地跑。 ②You should never take a lift to go downstairs. 你不应该乘电梯下楼。 ③You should never get close to cars or water. 你不应该靠近汽车或水。 第三部分　结尾强调面临灾难，要勇于坚持，有战胜危险的信念 No matter how strong the earthquake is, as long as we have the belief to defeat it and never give up, we can overcome any difficulty in front of us. 无论地震有多强烈，只要我们有战胜它的信念，永不放弃，我们就能克服面前的任何困难。 [针对练笔] 如果家里发生火灾怎么办？如何在大火中逃生？请写一个片段，给出你的建议。 参考范文： How to survive a house fire? I'd tell you that first and foremost, you should stay calm and dial 119 immediately. Second, you'd better cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth and manage to leave the house. Last but not least, if you are trapped, it is important to wave something out of the window to attract the attention of the passers-by. |写作素材储备| 一、介绍灾难求生措施的常用句式 1．Dos (1)Cover ... with ...　　 　 用……遮住…… (2)Move away from ... 离开…… (3)Find ... to shelter yourself 找到……来掩护自己 (4)Open the window to ... 打开窗户以便…… (5)Hold on until ... 坚持直到…… 2．Don'ts (1)Don't run. 不要跑。 (2)Don't turn on lights and other electric appliance. 不要开灯及其他电器。 (3)Never jump off the building unless ... 除非……否则不要从建筑物上往下跳。 (4)You'd better not shout loudly in case ... 不要大声呼救以防…… (5)Don't run back to fetch ... 不要跑回去拿…… 二、主题语段 1．Flood When a terrifying flood comes, the roaring water is rushing in all directions. If you are in the house, you should quickly go to the high place. And remember to take necessary supplies, such as food and water. 当一场可怕的洪水来临时，咆哮的洪水向四面八方汹涌奔流。如果你在房子里，你应该迅速去到高处。并且记得带上必要的物资，比如食物和水。 2．Earthquake An earthquake strikes with a violent force that makes the ground shake and the walls tremble. If you're indoors, quickly hide under a sturdy table that can provide some protection. Hold on tightly to its legs, curling your body up closely, and stay calm until the tremors gradually stop. 地震带着猛烈的力量袭来，使得地面摇晃、墙壁颤抖。如果你在室内，迅速躲在一张坚固的桌子下面，它能够提供一些保护。紧紧抓住桌腿，将身体蜷缩得紧紧的，并保持冷静直到震动逐渐停止。 3．Fire At last, you successfully made it to the exit unharmed. But do you recall how this all began? When a horrifying fire burst out, the thick smoke swiftly spread throughout the room. Hastily, you snatched up a wet cloth and firmly covered your nose and mouth. Next, bending your body extremely low to the ground, you inched forward slowly yet steadily towards the exit. 终于，你毫发无损的成功抵达出口。但你还记得这一切是如何开始的吗？当一场恐怖的大火爆发时，那浓厚的烟雾迅速在房间蔓延。你急忙抓起一块湿布，紧紧地捂住鼻子和嘴巴。接着，将身体极度低弯向地面，你缓慢却坚定地朝着出口一点点前进。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $