内容正文:
初中英语语法
现在进行时
表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。
Look! They are playing football on the playground. 看!他们正在操场上踢足球。
Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. 听!有人正在隔壁房间唱歌。
What are you doing now? 你现在正在做什么?
考点1:现在进行时之用法
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
2
表示现阶段正在进行的动作。
He is learning English these days. 这些天他在学英语。
My mother is working in Beijing this month. 我妈妈这个月在北京工作。
I am reading an interesting book this month. 这个月我在看一本有趣的书。
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
3
现进表将来——用be doing结构表示即将发生的动作。常用于位移/活动类动词:come,go,leave,arrive,fly,move,meet,start等。
The train is leaving in five minutes. Hurry up! 火车五分钟后就要开了。快点!
We are going to the concert this Friday evening. 我们这周五晚上要去听演唱会。
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
4
例题
The plane ______ in 10 minutes. Please get on board quickly.
A. arrive B. arrived
C. is arriving D. is arrive
【详解】
句意:飞机10分钟后就要抵达了。请快点登机。
考查时态。根据“in 10 minutes(10分钟后)”,结合 arrive 是位移类动词,此处用“现进表将来”的用法。主语 The plane 是单数,be动词用 is,arrive的现在分词为 arriving。选项中只有 C 符合语法规则。故选 C。
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
5
Look at the children. They ________ kites in the park now.
A. flew B. flies
C. are flying D. will fly
【详解】
句意:看孩子们。他们现在正在公园放风筝。
考查时态。根据“Look at the children”以及“now”可知此处表示正在进行的动作,且主语是They,用现在进行时are doing。故选C。
例题
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
6
完成句子:
看!一些男孩在河里游泳。多危险啊!
Look! Some boys ________________ in the river. How dangerous!
are swimming
练习
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
7
表示此时此刻的时间标志词
考点2:现在进行时之时间标志词
时间标志词 含义 例句
now 现在 We are having an English class now.
Look! 看! Look! They are playing basketball on the playground.
Listen! 听! Listen! Someone is singing in the next room.
at the moment 此刻 My father is working at the moment.
right now 此刻,目前 She is not reading right now.
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
8
表示现阶段的时间标志词
时间标志词 含义 例句
these days 这些天 He is writing a book these days.
this week/ month/ year 这周 / 这个月 / 今年 We are learning about history this month.
at present 目前 At present, many students are learning online.
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
9
Look! The students ________ a model plane in the science club.
A. make B. made
C. are making D. will make
【详解】
句意:看!学生们正在科学俱乐部制作模型飞机。
考查时态。根据提示词 Look! 可知,此处表示正在发生的动作,要用现在进行时。主语 The students 是复数,对应的 be 动词用 are,make 的现在分词是 making。故选 C。
例题
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
10
完成句子:
此刻,这位宇航员正在仔细地翻阅操作手册。
This astronaut is ________________ the operation manual carefully at the moment.
looking through
练习
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
11
考点3:现在进行时之句式结构
谓语结构
be动词(am/ is/ are) + 现在分词(v.-ing)
动词现在分词的变形规则
一般情况下,直接在动词词尾加 -ing。
如:work-working,play-playing,sing-singing...
以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e,再加 -ing。
如:dance—dancing,take—taking,make—making...
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
12
现在分词的变形规则
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加 -ing。
如:put—putting,begin—beginning,sit—sitting...
以ie结尾的动词,先将ie变为y,再加 -ing。
如:lie—lying,tie—tying,die-dying...
13
句式结构
肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + v.-ing (+ 其他).
She is reading an English novel in the classroom now. 她现在正在教室里读一本英语小说。
My parents are cooking dinner in the kitchen at the moment. 我的父母此刻正在厨房里做晚饭。
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
14
句式结构
否定句:主语 + am not /isn’t /aren’t + v.-ing (+ 其他).
My sister isn’t watching TV; she is doing her homework. 我妹妹没在看电视;她正在做作业。
The workers aren’t building a new bridge over the river now. 工人们现在没有在河上建新桥。
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
15
句式结构
一般疑问句:—Am/ Is/ Are + 主语 + v.-ing(+ 其他)?
—肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + am/ is/ are.
否定回答:No, 主语 + am not/ isn’t/ aren’t.
—Are you preparing for the coming English exam these days? 这些天你在为即将到来的英语考试做准备吗?
—Yes, I am. 是的,我在准备。/ No, I’m not. 不,我没在准备。
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
16
句式结构
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句?
What is your mother doing in the garden? 你妈妈在花园里做什么?
Where are the children having a picnic? 孩子们在哪里野餐?
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
17
按要求改写句子:
The girl is reading a storybook in her room now. (对划线部分提问)
________ is the girl ________ in her room now?
【详解】
句意:这个女孩现在正在她的房间里读故事书。
根据划线部分 reading a storybook 可知,此处是询问女孩正在做什么,选用特殊疑问词 what,句首首字母大写;do 应用现在分词doing,构成现在进行时。故填What;doing。
What
doing
例题
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
18
按要求改写句子:
Does his brother watch TV or do homework in the evening? (用now改写句子)
_____ his brother _________ TV or ________ homework now?
Is
watching
doing
练习
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
19
时态 核心含义 时间标志词 谓语结构 例句
现在进行时 暂时的、正在进行的动作 now, look, listen, these days... am/is/are+v. -ing He is reading a book now. 他现在正在看书。(此刻动作)
一般现在时 经常性、习惯性的动作或客观真理 usually, often, always, once a week, every day... be型:am/is/are
do型:实义动词原形/实义动词单三 He reads books every night. 他每晚都看书。(习惯动作)
考点4:现在进行时 VS 一般现在时
区别辨析
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
20
不能用于现在进行时的动词
表示心理活动:like 喜欢,love 爱,hate 恨,want 想要,need 需要,know 知道,think 认为,believe 相信......
错误:I am knowing him. ( )
正确:I know him. ( )
21
不能用于现在进行时的动词
表示感官:see 看见,hear 听见,smell 闻起来,taste 尝起来,feel 感觉......
错误:The flower is smelling good. ( )
正确:The flower smells good. ( )
22
不能用于现在进行时的动词
表示拥有:have 有,own 拥有,belong 属于......
错误:He is having a new pen. ( )
正确:He has a new pen. ( )
23
—Listen! Someone ______ in the music room.
—It must be Lily. She ______ there every Friday afternoon.
A. sings; sings B. is singing; sings
C. sings; is singing D. is singing; is singing
【详解】
句意:——听!有人正在音乐室唱歌。——一定是莉莉。她每周五下午都会在那里唱歌。
考查时态。第一空根据 Listen! 可知,此处表示正在进行的动作,用现在进行时,Someone 作主语时视为单数,be 动词用 is,故填 is singing;第二空根据 every Friday afternoon 可知,此处表示习惯性、经常性的动作,用一般现在时,主语 She 是第三人称单数,谓语动词用 sings。故选 B。
例题
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
24
Our school ______ a sports meeting every autumn. Look! The students ______ the playground for it now.
A. holds; clean
B. holds; are cleaning
C. is holding; clean
D. is holding; are cleaning
练习
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
25
用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空:
Not everyone enjoys fast food. Jack is the one who ________ (like) hamburgers.
【详解】
句意:不是每个人都喜欢快餐。杰克是那个喜欢汉堡的人。
考查主谓一致与时态。空所在的句子是定语从句,根据句意从句是一般现在时,先行词 “the one” 指代杰克(单数),从句谓语动词需与先行词保持一致,即用like的第三人称单数形式 likes,故填 likes。
likes
例题
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
26
用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空:
People with a high EQ ________ (know) how to deal with the disagreement, perhaps by ending it in a humorous way.
know
练习
【巧妙记忆:chop+ stick(棍,棒)= chopstick】
解析:chopstick通常用其复数形式。
短语:a pair(s) of chopsticks ......双筷子
例句:Chinese people are used to eating with chopsticks. 中国人习惯用筷子吃饭。
27
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