考前押题01 阅读理解6大常考话题（期中复习专项训练）高一英语下学期外研版

专题01 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1 生活与学习 话题4 环境保护 话题2 文学、艺术与体育 话题5 自然生态 话题3 历史、社会与文化 话题6 科学与技术 话题1 生活与学习 Passage 1 （2025·福建泉州·高一下期中）Nowadays, handwriting seems to become less necessary, for young children learn to tap and touch screens before they have even learned to pick up a pencil or tie their shoelaces. Most of our written communication is done through texting on mobile phones or typing on a keyboard. And voice recognition software is becoming more and more advanced —making even keyboards unnecessary! So, are handwriting skills important to your child? Actually, handwriting is an exercise in eye-hand coordination (协调), an important part of visual-motor (视觉运动) skills, which are connected with achievements in study. Scientists found that developing fine visual-motor skills in early childhood can lead to not only writing success, but better performance in reading and math in elementary school. It was also found that kids who fail to write neatly and efficiently are often accused of being lazy, and this may affect their behavior and self-worth. Moreover, a study showed that when a group of children were asked to come up with ideas for an article, the ones with better handwriting were more active and had quicker minds. In some ways, handwriting helps their brains’ development. The first attempts at writing can be challenging for pre-school children —whose fine motor skills are not yet fully developed. But some skills to prepare for handwriting are simple to build at home and in preschool. Parents should provide lots of opportunities for kids to copy and draw shapes and simple pictures in early childhood before letters are introduced. Let your child copy your shapes in sand, or with chalks on a board before trying to draw the shapes on their own. Encourage your child to spend less time on electronic devices and more time on activities to improve eye-hand coordination. Let’s face it —technology is certain to continue developing and more research is needed to find the best ways to teach handwriting to young children. But, there’s plenty of evidence that the handwriting practice can provide young children with a good start in developing skills needed for a healthy and successful journey in school. 1. According to Paragraph 1, handwriting is ________. A. easy to learn on a touch screen B. used less frequently now C. more difficult than typewriting D. totally replaced by softwares 2. How does the author explain the benefits of handwriting? A. By presenting some research findings. B. By mentioning examples of the kids around him. C. By giving some news reports on hand-writing. D. By providing data about pupils with good grades. 3. What does the author suggest parents do? A. Keep young children away from electronic devices. B. Teach pre-school children to write letters with chalks. C. Help children get ready for handwriting before school. D. Encourage children to face writing challenges bravely. 4. What can be the best title for the text? A. Does poor handwriting really mean being lazy? B. Should handwriting be taken seriously in children’s growth? C. How can handwriting affect children’s self-confidence? D. Should homework be done through handwriting or typewriting? 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了现在书写不被重视的状况以及书写在孩子成长过程中是否应该被重视的问题以及针对家长的建议等。 1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一、二句话“Nowadays, handwriting seems to become less necessary, for young children learn to tap and touch screens before they have even learned to pick up a pencil or tie their shoelaces. Most of our written communication is done through texting on mobile phones or typing on a keyboard. ”（如今，手写似乎变得不那么必要了，因为年幼的孩子甚至在学会拿起铅笔或系鞋带之前就已经学会了敲击和触摸屏幕。我们的大部分书面交流都是通过手机短信或键盘打字完成的。）可推知，随着高科技的发展，书写在交流中被使用得越来越少。故选B。 2.推理判断题。根据第二段第三、四、五句话“Scientists found that developing fine visual-motor skills in early childhood can lead to not only writing success, but better performance in reading and math in elementary school. It was also found that kids who fail to write neatly and efficiently are often accused of being lazy, and this may affect their behavior and self-worth. Moreover, a study showed that when a group of children were asked to come up with ideas for an article, the ones with better handwriting were more active and had quicker minds.”（科学家们发现，在幼儿期发展良好的视觉运动技能不仅可以导致写作成功，还可以在小学提高阅读和数学成绩。研究还发现，书写不整洁、效率不高的孩子经常被指责懒惰，这可能会影响他们的行为和自我价值。此外，一项研究表明，当一组孩子被要求为一篇文章想出点子时，那些书写更好的孩子更活跃，思维也更快。）可推知，作者用很多研究的结果表明书写的好处。故选A。 3.细节理解题。根据第三段第三句话“But some skills to prepare for handwriting are simple to build at home and in preschool. ”（但是，在家里和幼儿园里，准备书写的一些技能很容易培养。）可知，作者建议父母应该帮助孩子们在上学前就形成准备写字的一些技能。故选C。 4.标题判断题。通读全文可知，作者先是提出了书写被用的越来越少的这一现象，然后用科学研究的结果表明书写的收益多多，最后对家长们提出建议，鼓励孩子们多书写。所以“在孩子的成长过程中，应该认真对待书写吗？”符合本文大意，适合做标题。故选B。 Passage 2 （2025·安徽·高一下期中）In today’s fast-paced world, studying for long hours without a break has become a norm for many students. However, this approach often leads to burnout, reduced concentration, and lower recollection rates. Studies have shown that taking regular studybreaks is a key strategy for maintaining mental clarity, boosting productivity, and improving overall learning effectiveness. Michelle Connolly, an educational consultant said, “Taking breaks during study sessions isn’t a luxury; it’s a necessity for both cerebral (大脑的) recovery and emotional well-being.” It’s about creating a harmonious blend that respects your mental boundaries while pushing the limits of your academic performance. Striking a balance is critical for peak cognitive performance and overall well-being, Integrating effective rest periods strategically into your study sessions can enhance your ability to learn and remember information. Cognitive performance benefits significantly from breaks. Breaks help ease mental exhaustion that accumulates during prolonged study. You might notice after long periods of intense focus, your concentration starts to fade. This is because of cognitive load, a concept in cognitive science suggesting your brain has a limited capacity for information processing. When you take a break, you essentially allow your brain to “cool off” and reduce this load, thereby restoring your ability to concentrate and maintain focus during study. Attention Restoration Theory underlines the value of breaks, especially those involving nature or relaxation, to rejuvenate (恢复) your capacity for concentration. Likewise, the Conservation of Resources Theory suggests that by conserving mental resources through regular breaks, you can better manage stress and avoid burnout. One of the most popular methods is the Pomodoro Technique, which suggests studying for 25 minutes and taking a 5-minute break. After four cycles, you take a longer break, typically 15-30 minutes. This technique leverages the brain’s natural rhythms to keep it fresh and focused. By understanding the science behind studybreaks and using strategies like the Pomodoro Technique, you can optimize your study sessions and maintain a balanced approach to learning. Remember, productivity isn’t just about working harder; it’s about working smarter — and studybreaks are a key part of that equation. 1. What is Michelle’s attitude toward putting breaks into study sessions? A. Approving. B. Indifferent. C. Skeptical. D. Neutral. 2. In what way do breaks contribute to cognitive performance? A. By removing mental exhaustion. B. By preventing cerebral focus resetting. C. By maximizing the brain’s capacity. D. By cutting down cognitive load. 3. Why are the different theories mentioned in Paragraph 4? A. To present that different theories may contradict each other. B. To show the historical development of break-related theories. C. To emphasize the importance of physical exercise in study. D. To provide the theoretical support for the benefits of breaks. 4. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Students should prioritize working harder over taking breaks. B. Regular breaks alone are enough to achieve the best academic results. C. True productivity combines scientific basis with practical strategies. D. More focus should be placed on short-term goals by students. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了学习中休息的重要性及相关科学原理和策略。 1.推理判断题。 根据第二段Michelle Connolly的话“Taking breaks during study sessions isn’t a luxury; it’s a necessity for both cerebral (大脑的) recovery and emotional well-being.(在学习期间适当休息并非是一种奢侈的行为；它对于大脑的恢复和情绪的健康而言都是必不可少的)”可知，Michelle认为在学习期间休息不是奢侈，而是大脑恢复和情感健康所必需的。由此可推知，她对在学习中加入休息持赞成的态度。故选A。 2.细节理解题。 根据第三段的“This is because of cognitive load, a concept in cognitive science suggesting your brain has a limited capacity for information processing. When you take a break, you essentially allow your brain to ‘cool off’ and reduce this load, thereby restoring your ability to concentrate and maintain focus during study.(这是因为认知负荷，认知科学中的一个概念表明你的大脑处理信息的能力有限。当你休息的时候，从本质上来说，你是让大脑“冷静下来”，减轻这种负担，从而恢复你在学习时集中注意力并保持专注的能力)”可知，休息可以让大脑“冷却”并减少认知负荷，从而恢复你在学习期间集中注意力和保持专注的能力。因此，休息通过减少认知负荷来提高认知表现。故选D。 3.推理判断题。根据第四段的“Attention Restoration Theory underlines the value of breaks, especially those involving nature or relaxation, to rejuvenate (恢复) your capacity for concentration. Likewise, the Conservation of Resources Theory suggests that by conserving mental resources through regular breaks, you can better manage stress and avoid burnout.(注意力恢复理论强调了休息的价值，尤其是那些与亲近自然或放松身心有关的休息方式，它们有助于恢复你的注意力。同样，资源保存理论表明，通过定期休息来保存精神资源，你能够更好地应对压力，避免精力耗尽)”可知，两个理论都强调了休息的重要性，特别是那些涉及自然或放松的休息，可以恢复你的注意力集中能力，并通过定期休息来保存精神资源，从而更好地管理压力和避免倦怠。由此可推知，提到这些理论是为了为休息的好处提供理论支持。故选D。 4.推理判断题。 根据最后一段的“By understanding the science behind studybreaks and using strategies like the Pomodoro Technique, you can optimize your study sessions and maintain a balanced approach to learning.(通过了解学习间隙休息背后的科学原理，并运用像“番茄工作法”这样的策略，你可以优化自己的学习时段安排，并且保持一种平衡的学习方式)”可知，作者认为通过了解学习间隙背后的科学原理，并使用像“番茄工作法”这样的策略，可以优化学习并保持一种平衡的学习方法。由此可推知，作者暗示真正的生产力结合了科学基础和实际策略。故选C。 Passage 3 （2025·河南名校联考·高一下期中）In 2010, while Brad Ryan described his previous adventures hiking and climbing a famous mountain, Ryan learned that his grandmother Joy Ryan had never set eyes on a mountain, which was one of her lifelong regrets. That conversation stayed with him. A few years later, Ryan decided to take a weekend road trip to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park and asked Grandma if she'd like to join him. Thankfully, his grandmother jumped at the chance. At 85, she saw her first mountain, climbed her first mountain and went camping for the first time. While he knew that the fun might be ravaged when he travelled with an elderly person, Ryan quickly found that this wasn't the case. In fact, it was quite the opposite. It made the experience of being in the great outdoors much richer because having to move more slowly meant he was able to take everything in in a more meaningful way. The first trip planted a seed of joy inside Ryan that had been missing, and he was excited to see how much Grandma had enjoyed the experience. Keen to keep their adventure going, the pair made a plan to travel to the other 62 US National Parks together. Such a challenge would be a huge feat for most hikers, let alone an elderly woman with limited hiking experience, so they decided to take their time with it. It took them nearly eight years to do it. Ryan said that the lens through which Grandma was seeing the world was very different to most people of his age because she didn't visit a place thinking, “Well, I'll be back again,” so there was more presence. After reaching their final stop, the National Park of American Samoa in the South Pacific, in 2023, they became closer than ever and eventually decided on attempting to travel to every continent in the world. 1. What inspired Brad Ryan to take his grandma on a trip? A. His love for travelling. B. His hope of strengthening their relationship. C. His grandma's dream of climbing mountains. D. His grandma's regret of never seeing a mountain. 2. What does the underlined word “ravaged” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Damaged. B. Valued. C. Questioned. D. Forgotten. 3. How did Brad Ryan deal with the difficulty in hiking with his grandma? A. By going to fewer destinations. B. By travelling much more slowly. C. By planning more short-distance trips. D. By visiting a place more than once. 4. What may be the best title for the text? A. A Hike to 63 US National Parks B. An Elderly Woman's Lifelong Dream C. The Advantage of Travelling with the Elderly D. A Journey Filled with Love and Deeper Experiences 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Brad Ryan带奶奶旅行，丰富人生经历的故事。 1.细节理解题。根据第一段中“In 2010, while Brad Ryan described his previous adventures hiking and climbing a famous mountain, Ryan learned that his grandmother Joy Ryan had never set eyes on a mountain, which was one of her lifelong regrets. That conversation stayed with him. (2010年，当布拉德・瑞安讲述他之前徒步旅行和攀登一座名山的冒险经历时，瑞安得知他的祖母乔伊・瑞安从未见过一座山，这是她一生的遗憾之一。那次谈话一直萦绕在他心头)” 可知，是奶奶从未见过山的遗憾激发了布拉德・瑞安带奶奶去旅行。故选D。 2.词句猜测题。根据第三段中“While he knew that the fun might be ravaged when he travelled with an elderly person, Ryan quickly found that this wasn't the case. In fact, it was quite the opposite. It made the experience of being in the great outdoors much richer because having to move more slowly meant he was able to take everything in in a more meaningful way. (虽然他知道，当他和一位老人一起旅行时，乐趣可能会被ravaged，但瑞安很快发现事实并非如此。事实上，恰恰相反。这让他在户外的体验更加丰富，因为走得更慢意味着他能够以一种更有意义的方式去欣赏周围的一切)”可知，瑞安原以为和老人旅行会破坏乐趣，但事实并非如此，所以ravaged意思是“破坏”，与Damaged意思相近。故选A。 3.细节理解题。根据第三段中“It made the experience of being in the great outdoors much richer because having to move more slowly meant he was able to take everything in in a more meaningful way. (这让他在户外的体验更加丰富，因为走得更慢意味着他能够以一种更有意义的方式去欣赏周围的一切)”可知，布拉德・瑞安通过走得更慢来应对和奶奶一起徒步旅行的困难。故选B。 4.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第三段中“It made the experience of being in the great outdoors much richer because having to move more slowly meant he was able to take everything in in a more meaningful way. (这让他在户外的体验更加丰富，因为走得更慢意味着他能够以一种更有意义的方式去欣赏周围的一切)”以及第四段中“The first trip planted a seed of joy inside Ryan that had been missing, and he was excited to see how much Grandma had enjoyed the experience. (第一次旅行在瑞安心中种下了一颗久违的快乐种子，他很高兴看到奶奶是多么享受这次经历)”可知，文章主要讲述了布拉德・瑞安带奶奶旅行，在这个过程中充满了爱并且有了更深刻的体验，所以“A Journey Filled with Love and Deeper Experiences (一段充满爱和更深刻体验的旅程)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。 Passage 4 （2025·湖南长沙·高一下期中） Ernest Owusu was 13 in 1980 when he was given the opportunity to appear in the audience of a BBC show, and ask Thatcher how she felt about being called the Iron Lady. This encounter re-emerged in a BBC’s programme recently. At the time of their meeting, Owusu was on free school meals, living on a public estate in Brixton, south London, where he and his sister were being raised by their mother Rose, a struggling hairdresser. Now 57, Owusu looks remarkably similar even with a greying beard. But his life has been transformed. The father of three is a human resources director, and the first black captain of the Addington golf club in its 110-year history. As a black guy, it is about breaking the glass ceiling. Speaking in its clubhouse, Owusu describes his rise in social status (地位) as a “Thatcherite Journey”. And he says it began by asking the woman herself. “To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed from that sliding-door moment. Something about her connected with me.” Thatcher told Owusu she enjoyed being called the Iron Lady. “I think it’s rather a praise, don’t you?” she said, “Because so often people have said to me if you’re in your job you’ve got to be soft and warm and human, but you’ve got to have a touch of steel.” Owusu recalls the moment, “I just remember her eye contact. She was answering me, not the camera. She welcomed the question saying you’ve got to be firm in this world. And that stuck with me.” After the show was broadcast, Owusu said he became “a little hero in Brixton for a good three months”. Owusu added, “It all gave me extra confidence. Doors might not have opened so quickly. It was one of those key moments to make you do things maybe you wouldn’t otherwise have done.” 1. What do we know about Owusu when he was 13? A. He met with Thatcher twice. B. He joined a famous golf club. C. He hosted a BBC’s programme. D. He lived at the bottom of society. 2. What do the underlined words “sliding-door moment” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Turning point. B. Important decision. C. Social status. D. Remarkable achievement. 3. Based on the text, what made a big difference to Owusu? A. Others’ treating him equally at work. B. Others’ voting him a hero in Brixton. C. Thatcher’s efforts to preserve his dignity. D. Thatcher’s faith in the necessity of toughness. 4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. The Art of Dialogue B. The Power of Confidence C. A Life-changing Meeting D. A Status-improving Tale 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是Emest Owusu受到Thatcher夫人的影响，从而改变了自己的人生。 1.推理判断题。根据第二段“At the time of their meeting, Owusu was on free school meals, living on a public estate in Brixton, south London, where he and his sister were being raised by their mother Rose, a struggling hairdresser.(在他们相遇的时候，Owusu在学校吃免费午餐，住在伦敦南部布里克斯顿的一处公共住宅里，他和妹妹由母亲罗斯抚养，她是一名苦苦挣扎的美发师)”可知，Owusu13岁时生活在社会的底层。故选D。 2.词句猜测题。根据第三段“To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed(直到今天，它仍然有影响。我的信心改变了)”可知，从那一刻Owusu的信心改变了，说明那是一个转折点，sliding-door moment的意思是“转折点”，和Turning point意思相近，故选A。 3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Because so often people have said to me if you’re in your job you’ve got to be soft and warm and human, but you’ve got to have a touch of steel.(因为人们经常对我说，如果你在工作中，你必须温柔、温暖、人性化，但你也必须有一点钢铁的感觉)”和“She welcomed the question saying you’ve got to be firm in this world. And that stuck with me.(她对这个问题表示欢迎，说在这个世界上你必须要坚定。这让我印象深刻)”可知，Thatcher坚信强硬的必要性使Owusu发生了巨大的变化。故选D。 4.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Speaking in its clubhouse, Owusu describes his rise in social status (地位) as a “Thatcherite Journey”. And he says it began by asking the woman herself. “To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed from that sliding-door moment. Something about her connected with me.”(在俱乐部里，Owusu将自己社会地位的提升描述为“撒切尔之旅”。他说，首先要问这位女士本人。“直到今天，它仍然有影响，我的信心从那一刻起就改变了。她身上的某种东西与我联系在一起。”)”可知，本文主要讲的是Ernest Owusu受到Thatcher夫人的影响，从而改变了自己的人生，因此最恰当的标题是C选项“A Life-changing Meeting(改变人生的会面)”。故选C。 Passage 5 （2025·江苏高邮·高一下期中）Delilah was born in London, the capital city of England in 1968. When he was twelve years old, he went to Paris with an uncle. There, he finished his studies in marketing. After working as a casting director for nine years, Delilah got a job at Rue Dieulafoy. It is a popular place in Paris and many Parisian fashion designers like to go there. While working there and watching the customers, Delilah came up with the idea of making clothes for the European market. He wanted to give new life to the clothes that were sold in Africa. This idea started to become real. The England designer opened his first showroom. There, he began to sell his own brand of products. If you look carefully at the clothes in his showroom, you can see how special his design process is. He takes the clothes that come to Africa from Europe and the US through charities. Then he gives them a new look and sells them in France. Every year, a large amount of clothes are sent from Europe and the US to Africa. Just Italy sends more than 150 tonnes. The second-hand clothing market in Africa started because people wanted to help poorer countries. But it has two problems. First, many clothes can’t be used again. These clothes that no one buys make more waste. Second, since the late 1980s, too many second-hand clothes have come into the African market. This has made the African cloth industry face a big crisis and it is still having a hard time getting better. Delilah goes to Africa several times a year to buy second-hand clothes. In fact, 95 percent of the clothes he makes come from the markets in London. “We don’t want to teach people with fashion. Instead, we want to show them what they can do with what they have. Give me the clothes and I’ll show you how to wear them without having to buy new ones,” he said. The African designer’s words, which he said in an interview with the British broadcaster BBC, can show his idea. 1. What do you learn about Delilah from paragraph 1? A. He helped his uncle at Rue Dieulafoy. B. He worked at a nice place in Paris. C. He studied marketing for nine years. D. He became a casting director in London. 2. What is the idea behind Delilah’s clothing brand? A. The use of different clothes. B. The jobs of fashion designers. C. The importance of recycling. D. The value of good quality. 3. What can you infer about the second-hand clothes in Africa? A. They are a good way to help poorer countries. B. They have made the African industry grow fast. C. They have made clothes environmentally friendly. D. They have done no good to the African economy. 4. What is the main aim of this text? A. To tell the story of an excellent designer. B. To encourage more designers to be creative. C. To analyze the result of second-hand clothes. D. To help a designer’s fashion business grow. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了设计师Delilah通过循环利用服饰来给在非洲销售的衣服赋予新的生命。 1.细节理解题。根据第一段“After working as a casting director for nine years, Delilah got a job at Rue Dieulafoy. It is a popular place in Paris and many Parisian fashion designers like to go there.(在做了九年的选角导演后，Delilah在迪尤拉弗伊街找到了一份工作。这是巴黎一个很受欢迎的地方，许多巴黎的时装设计师都喜欢去那里)”可知，Delilah在巴黎的一个好地方工作。故选B。 2.细节理解题。根据第二段“If you look carefully at the clothes in his showroom, you can see how special his design process is. He takes the clothes that come to Africa from Europe and the US through charities. Then he gives them a new look and sells them in France.(如果你仔细观察他陈列室里的衣服，你就会发现他的设计过程是多么的特别。他把通过慈善机构从欧洲和美国运到非洲的衣服拿过来。然后，他给他们一个新的外观，并在法国出售)”可知，Delilah的服装品牌背后的理念是循环利用的重要性。故选C。 3.推理判断题。根据第三段“The second-hand clothing market in Africa started because people wanted to help poorer countries. But it has two problems. First, many clothes can’t be used again. These clothes that no one buys make more waste. Second, since the late 1980s, too many second-hand clothes have come into the African market. This has made the African cloth industry face a big crisis and it is still having a hard time getting better.(二手服装市场在非洲的兴起是因为人们想要帮助贫穷的国家。但它有两个问题。首先，许多衣服不能再用。这些没人买的衣服造成了更多的浪费。第二，自20世纪80年代末以来，太多的二手衣服进入了非洲市场。这使得非洲布业面临着巨大的危机，目前仍难以好转)”可推知，非洲的二手衣服对非洲经济没有任何好处。故选D。 4.推理判断题。根据第二段“While working there and watching the customers, Delilah came up with the idea of making clothes for the European market. He wanted to give new life to the clothes that were sold in Africa.(当Delilah在那里工作并观察顾客时，她萌生了为欧洲市场制作服装的想法。他想给在非洲销售的衣服赋予新的生命)”以及文章主要介绍了设计师Delilah通过循环利用服饰来给在非洲销售的衣服赋予新的生命。由此推知，这篇文章的主要目的是讲述一个优秀设计师的故事。故选A。 话题2 文学、艺术与体育 Passage 1 （2025·福建莆田·高一下期中）A blind Chinese climber reached the summit (顶点) of Qomolangma, known in the West as Mount Everest, on Monday morning, becoming the first blind person from Asia ever to conquer the world’s highest summit. Zhang Hong, 46, reached the top from the Nepali side, along with three high-altitude guides. Zhang, who was born in Chongqing, lost his sight at the age of 21. He now works at Fukang Hospital Affiliated with Tibet University in Lhasa. As Zhang began his climb of Qomolangma, which is 8,848. 86 meters above sea level, his colleagues in Lhasa were excited to hear the news of his success. “Many people may have doubted his attempt of climbing at first, but I was confident in him from the beginning,” said Kyila, the secretary of the Fukang Angel Foundation, who also is a blind person. “I knew before that he could make it, and he did make it. I am really happy for him. He is a model for blind people to encourage them to chase their dreams.” Zhang’s passion for climbing was inspired by Lotse, a famous Tibetan climber who conquered all the world’s 14 summits above the altitude of 8,000 meters. Lotse had shared the story of the blind US mountaineer Erik Weihenmayer, who climbed Qomolangma in May 2001. Zhang was touched by the story, which ignited his dream of climbing. As an amateur climber for years, Zhang had conquered three mountains above the altitude of 6,000 meters before climbing the world’s highest summit. He had begun preparing for the Qomolangma climb in 2019. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic (流行病), all mountaineering teams on Qomolangma were canceled in Nepal and China last year, and he had to wait until recently to finally make the attempt. 1. What can we infer from what Kyila said? A. He had been inspired by Lotse. B. He had much belief in Zhang’s success. C. Zhang’s colleagues doubted his motivation. D. Zhang centered on climbing in his spare time. 2. What does the underlined word “ignited” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Lighted. B. Accomplished. C. Followed. D. Recalled. 3. Why did Zhang Hong fail to climb Qomolangma in 2020? A. He was too weak. B. He wasn’t well prepared. C. A pandemic broke out. D. Extreme weather occurred. 4. What’s the best title for the text? A. Zhang Hong Sets an Example to Others B. A Blind Climber Reaches Qomolangma Summit C. Qomolangma Attracts More Chinese to Climb D. A Chinese Climber Got Through the Pandemic 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国盲人张洪登上珠穆朗玛峰的故事。 1.推理判断题。根据第四段Kyila的话“I knew before that he could make it, and he did make it. I am really happy for him. (我之前就知道他能做到，他确实做到了。我真的为他感到高兴)”可推知，他对张的成功充满信心。故选B项。 2.词句猜测题。根据第五段“Lotse had shared the story of the blind US mountaineer Erik Weihenmayer, who climbed Qomolangma in May 2001. Zhang was touched by the story, which ignited his dream of climbing.(洛茨曾分享过美国盲人登山者埃里克·维亨迈尔在2001年5月攀登珠穆朗玛峰的故事。这个故事感动了他，ignited了他的登山梦想)”中划线词后“his dream of climbing”和可推知，埃里克·维亨迈尔的故事点燃了张的登山梦想，结合选项，动词ignite与light同义，意为“点燃，激起”。故选A项。 3.细节理解题。根据最后一段“He had begun preparing for the Qomolangma climb in 2019. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic (流行病), all mountaineering teams on Qomolangma were canceled in Nepal and China last year, and he had to wait until recently to finally make the attempt.(他已经在2019年开始为攀登珠穆朗玛峰做准备。然而，由于新冠肺炎疫情，去年在尼泊尔和中国的珠峰登山队都被取消了，他直到最近才终于尝试)”可知，一场流行病爆发导致2020年张宏没能登上珠峰。故选C项。 4.主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“A blind Chinese climber reached the summit (顶点) of Qomolangma, known in the West as Mount Everest, on Monday morning, becoming the first blind person from Asia ever to conquer the world’s highest summit. (21日上午，一名中国盲人登上了被西方称为“Mount Everest”的珠穆朗玛峰。这是亚洲盲人登上珠峰的第一个人)”可知，本文主要讲述了一名盲人攀登者登上了珠穆朗玛峰峰顶的壮举，故“A Blind Climber Reaches Qomolangma Summit(一名盲人攀登者登上了珠穆朗玛峰峰顶)”是文章最佳标题。故选B项。 Passage 2 （2025·湖南名校联考·高一下期中）A kid from Ghana has officially been recognized as the world’s youngest male artist. Guinness World Records acknowledged Ace-Liam Nana Sam Ankrah when he was just one year and 152 days old. The little boy began painting at the age of six months, when his remarkable talent became clear. His mother Chantelle, also an artist, was surprised to find her son had artistic talent from that young age. She explained how he started painting. Chantelle was given the task of designing a work for Miss Universe 2023. While she was working, she gave Ace-Liam a canvas (油画布) and some paint. She said he clearly showed a strong interest in colours as he explored the canvas. Chantelle named his first piece “The Crawl”. Ace-Liam is attracting attention across the art world. His work was exhibited at Ghana’s Museum of Science in January. Nine of the 10 pieces on show at that exhibition were sold. Art lovers have bought a further six of his paintings this year. Even Ghana’s first lady Rebecca Akufo-Addo asked the little boy to create a piece for her. Chantelle said her son is making waves with his artistic talent. She said: “He has created a buzz and encouraged deeper conversations about art appreciation.” She also mentioned that his abstract paintings were inspired by the world around him—colours, shapes, textures and his mood. Guinness remarked: “There is no doubt that Ace-Liam has an exciting career ahead of him, and we can’t wait to see what comes next.” 1. What can be inferred about Ace-Liam’s mother from the passage? A. She forced him to learn painting for fame. B. She discouraged him from studying art. C. She designed his first artwork “The Crawl”. D. She discovered his talent by accident. 2. Why does the author mention many of Ace-Liam’s pieces were sold? A. To show the high value of children’s art. B. To prove his artistic talent is widely recognized. C. To stress the museum’s profit-making goal. D. To compare his talent with adult artists. 3. Which of the following is TRUE about Ace-Liam’s artworks? A. All of his paintings shown at the exhibition in January were sold. B. His paintings are mainly realistic works about daily life. C. His abstract paintings draw inspiration from his surroundings. D. His artworks have only been sold in Ghana so far. 4. What might be the best title for the passage? A. The World’s Youngest Male Artist in Guinness B. Exploration of Abstract Painting Techniques C. The Role of Parents in Child Artists’ Success D. A Famous Art Exhibition in Ghana 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了这个世界上最年轻的男性艺术家Ace-Liam的故事，包括他如何被发现有艺术天赋，作品的展出和销售情况等。 1.推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“His mother Chantelle, also an artist, was surprised to find her son had artistic talent from that young age.(他的母亲Chantelle也是一名艺术家，她惊讶地发现自己的儿子从这么小就有艺术天赋)”以及“She explained how he started painting. Chantelle was given the task of designing a work for Miss Universe 2023. While she was working, she gave Ace-Liam a canvas (油画布) and some paint. She said he clearly showed a strong interest in colours as he explored the canvas.(她解释了他是如何开始画画的。Chantelle 接到了为2023年环球小姐设计作品的任务。当她在工作时，她给了 Ace-Liam 一块油画布和一些颜料。她说，当他在探索画布时，他显然对颜色表现出了浓厚的兴趣)”可推知，Chantelle是在自己工作时给了儿子画布和颜料，意外地发现了他的艺术天赋。故选D。 2.推理判断题。根据第三段“Ace-Liam is attracting attention across the art world. His work was exhibited at Ghana’s Museum of Science in January. Nine of the 10 pieces on show at that exhibition were sold. Art lovers have bought a further six of his paintings this year. Even Ghana’s first lady Rebecca Akufo-Addo asked the little boy to create a piece for her.(Ace-Liam 正在引起整个艺术界的关注。他的作品于今年1月在加纳科学博物馆展出。在那次展览中展出的10件作品中有9件被售出。今年，艺术爱好者又购买了他的6幅画作。就连加纳第一夫人丽贝卡・阿库福 - 阿多也请这个小男孩为她创作一幅作品)”可推知，作者提到Ace-Liam的很多作品被售出，以及加纳第一夫人也请他创作作品，是为了证明他的艺术天赋得到了广泛的认可。故选B。 3.细节理解题。根据第三段“She also mentioned that his abstract paintings were inspired by the world around him — colours, shapes, textures and his mood.(她还提到，他的抽象画灵感来自他周围的世界 —— 颜色、形状、纹理和他的心情)”可知，他的抽象画从他的周围环境中汲取灵感。故选C。 4.主旨大意题。根据第一段“A kid from Ghana has officially been recognized as the world’s youngest male artist. Guinness World Records acknowledged Ace-Liam Nana Sam Ankrah when he was just one year and 152 days old.(一个来自加纳的孩子被正式认定为世界上最年轻的男性艺术家。吉尼斯世界纪录在Ace-Liam Nana Sam Ankrah只有一岁零152天的时候就认可了他)”以及全文内容，主要介绍了这个世界上最年轻的男性艺术家Ace-Liam的故事，包括他如何被发现有艺术天赋，作品的展出和销售情况等。由此可知，A选项The World’s Youngest Male Artist in Guinness(吉尼斯纪录中世界上最年轻的男性艺术家)适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。 Passage 3 （2025·江苏东台·高一下期中）On the morning of November 13, a graceful violin melody flowed along the Qingdao seashore, blending (融合) perfectly with the rhythm of the ocean waves. The man playing the violin is Petar Kutin, a Bulgarian teaching music at Yew Chung International School of Qingdao. For Kutin, who has been extensively trained in Western music, Chinese music holds a special charm. He skillfully combines Chinese and Western musical elements and works with Chinese musicians to create original pieces. In one of his latest works, Kutin blends his violin with the erhu, alongside the sounds of frogs and birds, creating a harmonious and moving composition. “I believe that music is an incredibly powerful language that brings people together.” Kutin said. At Yew Chung International School of Qingdao, this philosophy comes to life. To help his students with diverse backgrounds overcome cultural shock and quickly adapt to the Chinese environment, Kutin arranges music pieces tailored to their abilities. “When students perform together, it promotes teamwork and allows them to express both their cultural identity and individuality. Playing together builds confidence, happiness, and a sense of belonging. Music truly bonds the performers.” Kutin said. Kutin also uses music to deliver meaningful messages to his students. He wrote the lyrics of a song about frugality together with the students, explaining what frugality mean — reusing items instead of throwing them unnecessarily, avoiding waste. They turned this message into a song and then into a music video, which they play almost every week. In addition to his work at school, Kutin composes music for social causes. He has created several pieces to help people with mental disabilities relax and find comfort. “Music is constantly developing, and musicians must keep learning to grow.” he said. With a passion for creating and sharing, Kutin aims to promote deeper connections between people and cultures, contributing to a more harmonious and lively future through music. 1. What do we know about Kutin? A. He blends east and west in music. B. He received music education in China. C. He thinks nature is vital in Chinese music. D. He prefers Chinese music to Western music. 2. What is Kutin’s belief about music? A. Music enhances personal abilities. B. Music removes cultural differences. C. Music bears the magic to unite people. D. Music expresses the philosophy of life. 3. What can we learn from the example in paragraph 4? A. Kutin’s music is popular. B. Kutin’s music is emotional. C. Kutin’s music is instructive. D. Kutin’s music is traditional. 4. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. A Song Of Nature B. A Rhyme Of Kindness C. A Tune Of Happiness D. A Symphony Of Harmony 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了音乐教师Petar Kutin的音乐理念与实践。 1.细节理解题。由文章第二段中“He skillfully combines Chinese and Western musical elements and works with Chinese musicians to create original pieces. (他巧妙地结合了中西音乐元素，并与中国音乐家合作创作原创作品)”可知，Kutin在音乐中融合了东西方元素。故选A。 2.细节理解题。由文章第三段中“I believe that music is an incredibly powerful language that brings people together. (我相信音乐是一种极具力量的语言，能够将人们团结在一起)”可知，Kutin认为音乐具有将人们团结在一起的魔力。故选C。 3.推理判断题。由文章第四段“Kutin also uses music to deliver meaningful messages to his students. He wrote the lyrics of a song about frugality together with the students, explaining what frugality mean — reusing items instead of throwing them unnecessarily, avoiding waste. They turned this message into a song and then into a music video, which they play almost every week. (Kutin还通过音乐向学生传递有意义的信息。他和学生们一起创作了一首关于节俭的歌曲的歌词，向学生们解释节俭的含义 ——重复使用物品，而不是随意丢弃，避免浪费。他们把这个理念变成了一首歌，然后又制作成了一个音乐视频，几乎每周都会播放)”可知，这个例子表明Kutin的音乐具有教育意义，能够传递有意义的信息。故选C。 4.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段“For Kutin, who has been extensively trained in Western music, Chinese music holds a special charm. He skillfully combines Chinese and Western musical elements and works with Chinese musicians to create original pieces. In one of his latest works, Kutin blends his violin with the erhu, alongside the sounds of frogs and birds, creating a harmonious and moving composition. (对于接受过广泛西方音乐训练的库廷来说，中国音乐有着独特的魅力。他巧妙地将中西方音乐元素融合在一起，并与中国音乐家合作创作原创作品。在他的最新作品之一中，库廷将小提琴声与二胡声相融合，再配上蛙鸣和鸟鸣，创作出了一首和谐动人的乐曲)”可知，文章主要讲述了音乐教师Petar Kutin如何通过音乐促进不同文化背景的人们之间的连接，创造和谐的社会氛围。他不仅在学校教授音乐，还通过音乐传递节俭等有意义的信息，并为社会公益事业创作音乐。因此，D项“A Symphony Of Harmony (和谐的交响乐)”最符合文章主旨，既体现了Kutin的音乐理念，也概括了他在音乐方面的实践。故选D。 Passage 4 （2025·江苏·高一下期中）Henan TV show explores the essence of Qingming culture Qingming is both a solar term and a traditional festival, marked by customs such as tomb-sweeping, spring outings, and offering blessings. It embodies the vitality of spring, the renewal of hope, and the cycle of life itself. Premiering tonight at 19:30 on Henan TV, 2025 Adventures on Qingming Festival offers a poetic interpretation of this timeless tradition. Featuring an exceptional lineup, the show will deliver a breathtaking audiovisual experience, guiding audiences through a threefold journey of life, memory, and nature — an emotional resonance that transcends time and space. Inspired by the “Three Phenological Signs of Qingming”, an ancient Chinese observation of seasonal transitions, the program weaves these natural changes into its narrative. Through a blend of modern and traditional performances, the festival’s cultural depth is reimagined in a cinematic and philosophical light. The dance performance A Dream of the Enchanted Melody unfolds in three chapters — Emergence, Rhythm, and Eternity — symbolizing the rebirth of spring and the journey of life. At its heart is a mythical, melodious bird, long dormant in Dunhuang murals, awakening to spring’s arrival. Dressed in flowing green, the dancers bridge ancient Buddhist wisdom with earthly renewal, embodying the revival of all living things. The untamed energy of spring, vividly captured by renowned author Shi Tiesheng, bursts to life in Cocoon-Break, a dynamic street dance showcase. Blending the rhythmic intensity of street dance with the precision of Wing Chun martial arts, the performance embodies the fusion of tradition and modernity, illustrating how the essence of Chinese culture thrives in the vitality of a new generation. A youthful, electrifying anthem, Sunflower sets the stage ablaze with pure energy. A teenage rock band, guided by teacher Gu Ya’s childlike sincerity and aunt Maizi’s free-spirited optimism, delivers a performance that blooms with courage and passion. Their music encourages all to embrace life with brightness, cherish everyday moments, and pursue dreams fearlessly. Blending creativity with dynamic visuals, Seeking Blossoms by the Riverside offers a play ful folk-style skit. Traditional-style blogger Chen Xiyue, appearing as a flower girl, and delivery boy Song Xiaoge step into history, offering flowers — and inspiration — to legendary artists. Through a lighthearted, playful narrative, the performance unveils the untold stories behind artistic masterpieces, celebrating the timeless lineage of Chinese art. The Chinese-style dance Roaming Youth provides an immersive glimpse into poet Bai Juyi’s reflective twilight years. Adapted in part from Looking for Him in the Crowd, an epic poetry and art drama, the performance balances lyrical grace with rhythmic strength. Against the backdrop of ancient tea rituals — roasting, storing, water selection, and brewing — young dancers bring Qingming’s tea culture to life. The performance opens with a dramatic narration by Xu Tao, a national first-class actor and renowned reciter, unfurling like a vivid scroll painting of spring’s renewal. 1. What can we know about the 2025 Adventures on Qingming Festival? A. It is going to be relayed by Henan TV at 19:30 on the day before Qingming. B. It is presented through a blend of modern and traditional singing. C. It intends to deliver a breathtaking and nice audiovisual savoring. D. It is inspired and edited by the “Three Phenological Signs of Qingming”. 2. What does the dance Cocoon-Break uniquely combines street dance with? A. Traditional tea ceremonies. B. Wing Chun martial arts. C. Legendary poetry recitals. D. Historical scroll paintings. 3. What does the phrase “timeless lineage of Chinese art” in Seeking Blossoms by the Riverside refers to? A. The preservation of artistic masterpieces across generations. B. The resounding and excellent modern adaptations of folk tales. C. The technical skills of young dancers who would act out it. D. The popularity and demand of flower-themed performances. 4. What is the primary purpose of Henan TV’s 2025 Adventures on Qingming Festival? A. To promote tourism and economy during spring outings. B. To unfurl like a vivid scroll painting of spring’s fall-down. C. To reinterpret Qingming culture through artistic innovation. D. To showcase competitive performances among competent artists. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 【导语】这是一篇新闻稿。河南卫视《2025 清明奇妙游》通过多元艺术表演，创新诠释清明文化，带来独特视听体验 。 1.推理判断题。根据第二段“Premiering tonight at 19:30 on Henan TV, 2025 Adventures on Qingming Festival offers a poetic interpretation of this timeless tradition. Featuring an exceptional lineup, the show will deliver a breathtaking audiovisual experience, guiding audiences through a threefold journey of life, memory, and nature—an emotional resonance that transcends time and space.(今晚 19:30 在河南卫视首播的《2025 清明奇妙游》对这一永恒的传统进行了诗意的诠释。该节目阵容强大，将带来令人惊叹的视听体验，引导观众踏上生命、记忆和自然的三重旅程 —— 一种跨越时空的情感共鸣)”可知，《2025 清明奇妙游》会提供令人惊叹且美妙的视听享受。故选C项。 2.细节理解题。根据第五段“Blending the rhythmic intensity of street dance with the precision of Wing Chun martial arts, the performance embodies the fusion of tradition and modernity, illustrating how the essence of Chinese culture thrives in the vitality of a new generation.(将街舞的节奏强度与咏春武术的精准度相结合，这场表演体现了传统与现代的融合，展示了中国文化的精髓如何在新一代的活力中蓬勃发展)”可知，舞蹈《破茧》将街舞与咏春武术独特地结合在一起。故选B项。 3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Traditional-style blogger Chen Xiyue, appearing as a flower girl, and delivery boy Song Xiaoge step into history, offering flowers — and inspiration — to legendary artists. Through a lighthearted, playful narrative, the performance unveils the untold stories behind artistic masterpieces, celebrating the timeless lineage of Chinese art.(传统风格博主陈希悦扮成卖花女，外卖小哥宋小格走进历史，向传奇艺术家献花并给予灵感。通过轻松有趣的叙事，这场表演揭开了艺术杰作背后不为人知的故事，颂扬了中国艺术永恒的传承)”可知，该节目由年轻演员和艺术家共同演绎，这是艺术的传承。由此推知，“timeless lineage of Chinese art”指的是艺术杰作在几代人之间的传承。故选A项。 4.推理判断题。根据标题“Henan TV show explores the essence of Qingming culture(河南卫视节目探索清明文化的精髓)”以及第三段“Through a blend of modern and traditional performances,the festival’s cultural depth is reimagined in a cinematic and philosophical light.(通过现代和传统表演的融合，这个节日的文化深度在电影和哲学的视角下被重新想象)”可知，河南卫视《2025 清明奇妙游》的主要目的是通过艺术创新重新诠释清明文化。故选C项。 Passage 5 （2025·江苏镇江·高一下期中）I did my first marathon at 25. I’d taken up running to get fit and thought I’d give it a try. However, I started too fast, found it very painful and struggled to finish. Then, seven years ago, when I was 43, I went to talk with someone who had just done the Sahara Desert race. I felt so inspired and promised I would run it, too. A year later, I completed 24-hour ultra-marathon in the Namibian desert, I wondered what on earth I could do next. My father, a former soldier, had just died of cancer and I wanted to gather fund (资金) for a soldiers charity in his memory. There are 66 cities in the UK so I came up with a challenge — a 50 km marathon in each city, no rest days in between. On the first day, I ran for around six to seven hours, eating along the way to get more energy. On day two, I tore my right Achilles tendon (跟腱). I slowed my pace and thought about the soldiers’ charity I was doing the run for. It was nothing compared with some of their injuries. Then, on day 26, it got worse. I couldn’t bear even the light touch of an ice cube. I had to walk through the day, which took almost 11 hours. I kept telling myself I couldn’t fail. If I quit, the pain would have stopped, but I knew I would regret it for the rest of my life. On May 20 I finished, four days after my 50th birthday. It’s been a long progression from being an unfit slacker (懒散的人) to where I am now. I have a better body now than at any point in my life. Anyone can do this, I’m not a superhuman. I’m just determined, and I have the next thing planned already. 1. How was the author’s first marathon? A. He didn’t finish it. B. He didn’t do it well. C. He got hurt halfway. D. He fell in love with it. 2. What was the writer’s purpose of running marathons in the UK? A. To raise money for a charity. B. To create a new world record. C. To prepare for a marathon race. D. To push himself to reach the goal. 3. What does the author think is the most important quality he has? A. Kindness. B. Curiosity. C. Bravery. D. Determination. 4. What can be the best title for the text? A. Never Stop Running B. Running Makes Success C. Being Prepared for Running D. Running for a Better Future 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从首次艰难完成马拉松到挑战自我，连续在英国66个城市完成50公里跑，为慈善筹款并纪念父亲的故事。 1.细节理解题。根据首段中的“I did my first marathon at 25. I’d taken up running to get fit and thought I’d give it a try. However, I started too fast, found it very painful and struggled to finish.(我25岁时第一次跑马拉松。我开始跑步是为了健身，我想试一试。然而，我开始得太快了，发现它很痛苦，挣扎着完成)”可知，作者第一次跑马拉松时起始速度过快，痛苦并挣扎着完成。由此可知，作者的第一次马拉松做得不好。故选B项。 2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“My father, a former soldier, had just died of cancer and I wanted to gather fund (资金) for a soldiers charity in his memory. There are 66 cities in the UK so I came up with a challenge — a 50 km marathon in each city, no rest days in between. (我的父亲是一名退伍军人，刚刚死于癌症，我想为一个军人慈善机构筹集资金，以纪念他。英国有66个城市，所以我提出了一个挑战——在每个城市跑50公里的马拉松，中间没有休息日)”可知，作者的父亲是一位前军人，因癌症去世，作者希望为一个军人慈善机构筹集资金以纪念他。由此可知，作者在英国跑步的主要目的是为慈善事业筹集资金。故选A项。 3.推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I kept telling myself I couldn’t fail. If I quit, the pain would have stopped, but I knew I would regret it for the rest of my life.(我一直告诉自己我不能失败。如果我放弃了，痛苦就会停止，但我知道我会后悔一辈子)”以及尾段中的“I’m just determined, and I have the next thing planned already.(我只是有决心，并且已经计划好了下一个目标)”可知，作者在感到痛苦的时候不断提醒自己不能放弃，并且认为自己有决心。由此推知，作者认为决心是他最重要的品质。故选D项。 4.主旨大意题。根据首段中的“I did my first marathon at 25. I’d taken up running to get fit and thought I’d give it a try. However, I started too fast, found it very painful and struggled to finish.(我25岁时第一次跑马拉松。我开始跑步是为了健身，我想试一试。然而，我开始得太快了，发现它很痛苦，挣扎着完成)”可知，作者第一次跑马拉松做的不好，根据第二段中的“A year later, I completed 24-hour ultra-marathon in the Namibian desert, I wondered what on earth I could do next.(一年后，我在纳米比亚沙漠完成了24小时超级马拉松，我想知道接下来我到底能做什么)”和“There are 66 cities in the UK so I came up with a challenge — a 50 km marathon in each city, no rest days in between.(英国有66个城市，所以我提出了一个挑战——在每个城市跑50公里的马拉松，中间没有休息日)”可知，作者一年后完成了24小时超级马拉松，并在接下来挑战在每个城市跑50公里的马拉松，中间没有休息日，并最终取得成功，结合尾段的“Anyone can do this, I’m not a superhuman. I’m just determined, and I have the next thing planned already.(任何人都能做到，我不是超人。我只是有决心，并且已经计划好了下一个目标)”可知，作者从第一次艰难的马拉松经历，到后来挑战自我完成一系列极限跑步，展现了作者不会停止追求新的目标的决心。由此可知，“Never Stop Running(永不停止奔跑)”最能概括文本的主题思想，适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。 话题3 历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （2025·河北沧州·高一下期中）In recent years, I have tried to appreciate younger artists such as Doja Cat, Lil Nas X and Sabrina Carpenter, but songs from the 2000s hold a special place in my heart and mind. As I see other generations of music lovers say music was so much better when they were younger, I wondered why. We can’t all be right—or maybe we are, I talked to experts about how music influences our brains to find out. “It’s not that music was better when we were younger, it’s that music brings out very, very strong emotions,” said Dr. Rita Aiello, a music psychologist at New York University. “Music is a very strong reminder of things that happened in our past.” But why does music hold such power? “Music is episodic (情景性的),” said Dr. Robert Cutietta, a professor of music at the University of Southern California. “If you look at an artwork or something, you can look at it and leave, Music is over time. There’s a part of our brain called episodic memory—that’s where it goes.” The feelings connected to music during our younger years create a strong, lasting connection, with both happy and sad emotions mixing together when we listen to a song. What if you see the 1970s and 1980s as the best, time for real music, even though every decade has some high- or low-quality songs? It may be because you’re remembering the songs that were meaningful to you and forgetting the ones that weren’t. “There are situations that made certain songs special to you, and the memories of those situations will come back when you hear the songs,” Aiello said. “Every era has some songs that are not of high quality but still become huge hits,” Cutietta said. “They’re still there somewhere in our memory, but we choose not to pull those up. Naturally, we tend to pull up the songs we like.” 1. Why do people prefer music from their youth according to experts? A. New music lacks creativity. B. Today’s songs have a really quick beat. C. It can connect their feelings with the past. D. It always brings out happy emotions. 2. Why does Cutietta mention an artwork in paragraph 4? A. To make a comparison. B. To lead in the topic. C. To give a warning. D. To offer a suggestion. 3. What does the author say about music from different times? A. The 1970s and 1980s had the worst music. B. The 2000s is the only time with good music. C. Each decade has a mix of good and bad songs. D. Bad music from the 1980s has become popular today. 4. What does the underlined word “those” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Pop singers. B. Bad experiences. C. Favourite songs. D. Popular but low-quality songs. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述音乐因触发情景记忆而让人偏爱青春时代的歌曲，每年代作品优劣并存。 1.细节理解题。根据第三段““It’s not that music was better when we were younger, it’s that music brings out very, very strong emotions,” said Dr. Rita Aiello, a music psychologist at New York University. “Music is a very strong reminder of things that happened in our past.” (纽约大学的音乐心理学家丽塔·艾洛博士说：“并不是说我们年轻的时候音乐更好，而是音乐能激发出非常非常强烈的情感。音乐能强烈地提醒我们过去发生的事情。”)”可知，人们更喜欢年轻时的音乐是因为它可以将他们的感情与过去联系起来。故选C。 2.推理判断题。根据第四段““If you look at an artwork or something, you can look at it and leave, Music is over time. There’s a part of our brain called episodic memory—that’s where it goes.”(“如果你看一件艺术品或其他东西，你可以看着它然后离开，音乐是随着时间推移的。我们大脑中有一个叫做情景记忆的部分——这就是它的作用。”)”可知，观看艺术品是当下即时的，而音乐随着时间的推移依然可以在脑海中以情境记忆的形式留存。由此可知，Cutietta在第4段提到艺术品是为了将艺术品与音乐作对比。故选A。 3.细节理解题。根据第六段“What if you see the 1970s and 1980s as the best, time for real music, even though every decade has some high- or low-quality songs? It may be because you’re remembering the songs that were meaningful to you and forgetting the ones that weren’t. (如果你认为20世纪70年代和80年代是真正音乐的最佳时期，即使每十年都有一些高质量或低质量的歌曲呢？这可能是因为你记住了那些对你有意义的歌曲，而忘记了那些没有意义的。)”可知，每个十年都有好歌和坏歌，我们记住的是那些对我们有意义的歌曲。故选C。 4.词义猜测题。根据最后一段““Every era has some songs that are not of high quality but still become huge hits,” Cutietta said. “They’re still there somewhere in our memory, (库蒂埃塔说：“每个时代都有一些质量不高但仍然大受欢迎的歌曲。它们还在我们记忆中的某个地方)”可知，一些质量不高但仍然大受欢迎的歌曲，我们仍然把它们放在记忆中的某个地方，而下文“Naturally, we tend to pull up the songs we like. (自然地，我们倾向于把我们喜欢的歌曲拉出来)”可知，我们喜欢的流行歌曲中，有一些是质量高，有一些是质量不高的，而我们倾向于把我们喜欢的流行歌曲拉出来。由此推断这里的those是指那些流行但质量不高的歌曲。故选D。 Passage 2 （2025·河北石家庄·高一下期中）Scientist Yan Ning of the Chinese Academy of Sciences received the 2024 L’Oréal-UNESCO for Women in Science International Award for the Asia-Pacific region in Paris on Tuesday. The Awards, established by the L’Oréal Corporate Foundation and UNESCO in 1998, aims to improve the position of women in science by recognizing outstanding women researchers who have contributed to scientific progress in life sciences or physical sciences, mathematics, and computer science. Each year, the award recognizes one woman from each of the world’s five broad regions: Asia and the Pacific, Africa and the Arab States, Latin America and the Caribbean, Europe, and North America. Yan, professor at the School of Life Sciences at Tsinghua University, was recognized for her research in structural biology (生物学) that has helped explain multiple disorders and guided the treatment of complex pain condition. “Our goal is to broaden the boundaries of human knowledge,” Yan said in an interview published by UNESCO. “Through cutting-edge technologies, my work has developed from exploring cell activities to accurately identifying potentially effective health treatments. Ultimately, I aim to use science to understand the universe and to study the origins of life.” UNESCO said that as a leading authority in her field, “Yan inspires female scientists globally and is a strong advocate for gender (性别) equality in research and science education”. “The path to becoming a female scientist may be challenging, but it is not enough to stop you from moving forward. So, be brave and be yourself,” Yan said in her acceptance speech. Since 2015, she has been organizing annual forums for female scientists. “We must establish gender equality and establish more female role models”, Yan said. According to UNESCO data, women make up just a third of the global research workforce, and only a quarter of the senior scientific positions in Europe are held by women. Audrey Azoulay, director general of UNESCO, said, “The world needs science, and science needs women.” 1. What do we know about the L’Oréal-UNESCO for Women in Science International Award? A. It is awarded to scientists across all scientific fields. B. It aims to inspire female scientists across the world. C. It usually recognizes one woman scientist each year. D. It was launched by the L’Oréal Corporate Foundation. 2. Why did Yan Ning win the award? A. She has cured numerous patients. B. She advocated for women in science. C. She advanced structural biology research. D. She explained the origin of complex pain. 3. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Yan’s goal: expand knowledge. B. The origin of the universe. C. The significance of healthcare. D. The objectives of science. 4. What does Yan stress most in her acceptance speech? A. The threat of gender inequality. B. The impact of female role models. C. Challenges female scientists face. D. The bravery women scientists need. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国科学院科学家颜宁在巴黎荣获2024年联合国教科文组织-欧莱雅国际女性科学奖亚太地区奖项的消息，并介绍了颜宁的研究领域、成就以及对性别平等和科学教育的看法。 1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The Awards, established by the L’Oréal Corporate Foundation and UNESCO in 1998, aims to improve the position of women in science by recognizing outstanding women researchers who have contributed to scientific progress in life sciences or physical sciences, mathematics, and computer science. (该奖项由欧莱雅企业基金会和联合国教科文组织于1998年设立，旨在通过表彰那些对生命科学或物理科学、数学和计算机科学领域科学进步做出杰出贡献的女性研究人员，来提升女性在科学界的地位。)”可知，该奖项旨在通过表彰那些对生命科学或物理科学、数学和计算机科学领域科学进步做出杰出贡献的女性研究人员，来提升女性在科学界的地位。也就是说该奖项旨在激励全球的女性科学家。故选B。 2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Yan, professor at the School of Life Sciences at Tsinghua University, was recognized for her research in structural biology (生物学) that has helped explain multiple disorders and guided the treatment of complex pain condition.(颜宁是清华大学生命科学学院的教授，她因在结构生物学领域的研究而获奖，这些研究有助于解释多种疾病并指导复杂疼痛状况的治疗。)”可知，颜宁因为她在结构生物学领域的研究而获得了认可，这些研究有助于解释多种疾病并指导复杂疼痛状况的治疗。故选C。 3.主旨大意题。根据文章第三段““Our goal is to broaden the boundaries of human knowledge,” Yan said in an interview published by UNESCO. “Through cutting-edge technologies, my work has developed from exploring cell activities to accurately identifying potentially effective health treatments. Ultimately, I aim to use science to understand the universe and to study the origins of life.”(颜宁在接受联合国教科文组织发布的采访时说：“我们的目标是拓宽人类知识的边界。通过尖端技术，我的工作已经从探索细胞活动发展到精确识别可能有效的健康治疗方法。最终，我旨在用科学来理解宇宙和研究生命的起源。”)”可知，第三段主要介绍了颜宁的目标是扩展我们对支配宇宙的基本原理的理解，这本质上就是扩展知识。故选A。 4.细节理解题。根据文章第四段““The path to becoming a female scientist may be challenging, but it is not enough to stop you from moving forward. So, be brave and be yourself,” Yan said in her acceptance speech. Since 2015, she has been organizing annual forums for female scientists. “We must establish gender equality and establish more female role models”, Yan said.(颜宁在获奖感言中说：“成为一名女性科学家的道路可能充满挑战，但这并不足以阻止你前进。所以，要勇敢，做自己。”自2015年以来，她一直在组织女性科学家年会。颜宁说：“我们必须建立性别平等，并树立更多女性榜样。”)”可知，颜宁在获奖感言中谈到成为一名女性科学家的道路可能充满挑战，所以女性科学家要勇敢做自己。故选D。 Passage 3 （2025·湖南长沙·高一下期中）When I was young, I loved paper cutting and I was pretty good at it. As I grew up, I became busy and didn’t have much time for it. Later, I stopped doing it. However, the news I came across online touched my heart and changed my mind. A little girl from Jieyang, Guangdong was practicing lion dance when a professional lion dance performance team (专业舞狮表演队) passed by. As soon as they saw the girl practicing, they started to beat drums and gongs for her and quickly she did a lion dance in return. People around all cheered for her. Her love for the ancient Chinese culture evoked my strong memories of paper cutting. I remembered the happy times of making paper cuttings with my teacher and friends in the club. When I was ten, I joined the paper cutting club. Every Monday and Friday, I learned to make paper cuttings there. Our teacher, Ms. Li, was very talented. With a pair of scissors and a piece of paper, she could create lively works (作品). That amazed us. And we learned much from her. Together, we created lots of works. They covered many topics, including animals, flowers and things about Chinese history. Every time we held a paper cutting show, our works attracted many visitors. The girl in the news encouraged me to go on with paper cutting. I want to be an inheritor (继承者) of the ancient Chinese culture. Together with other inheritors, I hope to pass down our excellent culture. 1. What did the girl do after the team began to beat drums and gongs for her? A. She watched their show carefully. B. She did a lion dance in return. C. She cheered for the team. D. She made a paper cutting for the team. 2. The underlined word “evoked” means “ ” in Paragraph 2. A. brought back B. took away C. cut off D. depended on 3. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. The long history of paper cutting. B. The steps of making paper cuttings. C. The writer’s happy times of making paper cuttings. D. The writer’s plans for setting up a paper cutting club. 4. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The writer wasn’t good at paper cutting at a young age. B. Now the writer practices paper cutting twice a week. C. The writer hopes to be an inheritor of paper cutting. D. After watching the news, the writer decided to learn lion dance. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者看到小女孩对于中国传统文化的热爱后会想起自己在剪纸社团里开心的时光，也立志成为一名中国传统文化的继承者。 1.细节理解题。第二段提到“As soon as they saw the girl practicing, they started to beat drums and gongs for her and quickly she did a lion dance in return.”（他们一看到女孩在练习，就开始为她敲锣打鼓，很快她就跳了一个舞狮作为回报。）由此判断，小女孩快速地跳了一个狮子舞来回报他们。故选B。 2.词义猜测题。划线词后第三段提到“I remembered the happy times of making paper cuttings with my teacher and friends in the club.”（我记得在俱乐部里和老师、朋友们一起做剪纸的快乐时光。）以及划线词后文“my strong memories of paper cutting”（我对剪纸的强烈记忆）由此判断，作者看到小女孩对于传统文化的热爱的时候，也回忆起了自己之前在剪纸社团里开心的时光。划线词应为“回忆起”。A. brought back使回忆起；B. took away拿走；C. cut off切断；中断；D. depended on依靠。A项与划线词意思相近。故选A。 3.主旨大意题。第三段提到“I remembered the happy times of making paper cuttings with my teacher and friends in the club.”（我记得在俱乐部里和老师、朋友们一起做剪纸的快乐时光。）由此判断，第三段主要描述了作者在剪纸俱乐部与老师和朋友们制作纸艺品的快乐时光。故选C。 4.细节理解题。文章最后一句提到“I want to be an inheritor (继承者) of the ancient Chinese culture. Together with other inheritors, I hope to pass down our excellent culture.”（我想成为中国文化的传承人。我希望和其他传承人一起，把我们优秀的文化传承下去。）由此判断，作者希望成为中国传统文化的继承者，把优秀的文化传承下去。C项正确。故选C。 Passage 4 （2025·湖南·高一下期中）In the UK, there are about 12 million people suffering with hearing loss, and approximately 6.7 million could benefit from hearing aids. However, only about 2 million people use them. People with hearing loss may feel hearing aids are meant only for older people. They can feel a sense of embarrassment, ageing and lack of confidence when wearing them. Besides, some people have no confidence in hearing aids and believe they will not help, or will even make their hearing worse. Individuals sometimes believe they will be dependent on their hearing aids, thus choosing not to use them out of desire for independence. Therefore, people with hearing loss may turn to coping mechanisms such as excessively(过度地)turning the volume up on their TVs. In the UK, patients with hearing loss can obtain hearing aids free of charge through National Health Service(NHS). However, the choice of style, manufacturer and level of technology may be limited and can also involve lengthy waiting lists. There are a greater number of hearing aid options available in the private sector but these can sometimes be expensive, which can be a prohibitive factor for individuals. There are some negative perspectives about hearing aids, such as the appearance. Many people have the idea that hearing aids are huge and noticeable. However, there are many different types of hearing aids such as invisible ones in ear canals. The hearing aid selection is discussed with each individual at their hearing assessment, and the correct hearing aids are selected according to their level of hearing loss. There have been other advancements in technology such as rechargeable hearing aids. There is now wireless connectivity in many hearing aids, which enables hearing aids to be connected to mobile devices, tablets and televisions, allowing direct audio streaming into hearing aids. Undoubtedly, wearing hearing aids is very beneficial for well-being, allowing individuals to interact with others and hear better. All of the advancements in technology in the future mean the functionality and comfort of hearing aids will greatly increase, considerably improving the quality of life for more people with hearing loss. 1. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. What people with hearing loss should do. B. How older people respond to hearing aids. C. Why some people avoid using hearing aids. D. Whether hearing aids will affect independence. 2. Which of the following may prevent people getting hearing aids from NHS? A. The cost can be higher. B. Patients may have to wait for long. C. Many people have no access to the related policy. D. Some private sectors get hearing aids in advance. 3. What is mainly considered during the hearing aid selection process? A. The cost of the hearing aids. B. The individual’s personal preference. C. The individual’s specific hearing loss. D. The appearance of the hearing aids. 4. What can we expect of the hearing aids in the future? A. They will be connected to more devices. B. They will be made smaller and more fashionable. C. They will enable users to interact more with others. D. They will provide high-quality and better service for users. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国听力损失者使用助听器的情况及助听器的发展。 1.主旨大意题。由文章第二段中“People with hearing loss may feel hearing aids are meant only for older people. They can feel a sense of embarrassment, ageing and lack of confidence when wearing them. Besides, some people have no confidence in hearing aids and believe they will not help, or will even make their hearing worse. Individuals sometimes believe they will be dependent on their hearing aids, thus choosing not to use them out of desire for independence. (有听力损失的人可能觉得助听器只适合老年人使用。他们在佩戴助听器时可能会感到尴尬、觉得自己变老了，并且缺乏自信。此外，有些人对助听器没有信心，认为它们不会起到帮助作用，甚至会使听力变得更差。有些人则认为他们会依赖助听器，因此出于对独立的渴望而选择不使用它们。)”可知，本段主要讲述了为什么有些人避免使用助听器。故选C。 2.细节理解题。由文章第三段中“In the UK, patients with hearing loss can obtain hearing aids free of charge through National Health Service(NHS). However, the choice of style, manufacturer and level of technology may be limited and can also involve lengthy waiting lists. (在英国，有听力损失的患者可以通过国民保健服务（NHS）免费获得助听器。然而，助听器的款式、制造商和技术水平的选择可能有限，而且可能需要等待很长时间。)”可知，通过国民保健服务(NHS)获得助听器可能需要等待很长时间。故选B。 3.细节理解题。由文章第四段中“The hearing aid selection is discussed with each individual at their hearing assessment, and the correct hearing aids are selected according to their level of hearing loss. (在听力评估时，会与每个人讨论助听器的选择，并根据他们的听力损失程度选择合适的助听器。)”可知，在选择助听器的过程中，主要考虑的是个人的具体听力损失。故选C。 4.细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“All of the advancements in technology in the future mean the functionality and comfort of hearing aids will greatly increase, considerably improving the quality of life for more people with hearing loss. (未来技术的所有进步都意味着助听器的功能和舒适度将大大提高，从而显著改善更多听力损失者的生活质量。)”可知，未来助听器将会为用户提供高质量和更好的服务。故选D。 Passage 5 （2025·湖南·高一下期中）Ask most folks who came up with the theory of evolution (进化), and they’ll tell you it was Charles Darwin. In fact, Alfred Russel Wallace, another British naturalist, was a co­-discoverer of the theory — though Darwin has gotten most of the credit. Actually, Wallace outlived Darwin by 17 years, long enough to see evolutionary theory gain acceptance. Wallace developed his most important ideas about natural selection during an eight-­year expedition (探险) to what was then the Dutch East Indies — modern­-day Indonesia — to observe wildlife and collect specimens (标本). Few places on earth can match this region’s tremendous diversity of plant and animal life. Wallace collected more than 100,000 insect, bird and animal specimens, which he gave to British museums. By 1855, Wallace had come to the conclusion that living things evolve. But he didn’t figure out how until one night three years later. He was on the island of Halmahera, ill with a fever, when it came to him: Animals evolve by adapting to their environment. As soon as he could, Wallace wrote his theory down in a nine-­page paper, says Tony Whitten, a Wallace expert. “He sent that to Darwin, as an older mentor (导师), if you like, to have a peer review before publication” Whitten says. Darwin had reached the same conclusion years earlier, and Wallace’s letter inspired him to act. The two men published a joint paper in 1858, arguing the theory of evolution and natural selection. It shook mankind’s assumptions about its origins. The following year, Darwin published his book On the Origin of Species and rose to fame. Over time, however, Wallace faded from the public memory. 1. How did Wallace develop his ideas about natural selection? A. By travelling around the world. B. By studying specimens in the museums. C. By researching wild animals and plants. D. By debating with other scientists. 2. Why did Wallace send his paper to Darwin? A. To claim authorship of the study. B. To ask for financial support. C. To challenge Darwin’s opinion. D. To seek feedback before publication. 3. What happened after the joint paper was published? A. People began to doubt their origin. B. The two scientists became well­known. C. Darwin arrived at the same conclusion. D. They immediately co­authored another book. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. The Untold Story of Charles Darwin. B. The Other Man Behind Evolutionary Theory. C. The Development of the Theory of Evolution. D. The Expedition That Changed the World. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阿尔弗雷德·拉塞尔·华莱士是如何发展他的自然选择理论的，以及他和达尔文共同发表了进化论和自然选择理论。 1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Wallace developed his most important ideas about natural selection during an eight­-year expedition (探险) to what was then the Dutch East Indies — modern­-day Indonesia — to observe wildlife and collect specimens (标本).(华莱士在为期八年的探险中发展了他关于自然选择的最重要的思想，当时他去了荷兰东印度群岛，也就是现在的印度尼西亚，观察野生动物并收集标本。)”可知，华莱士是通过研究野生动植物发展了他的自然选择理论的。故选C。 2.细节理解题。根据第三段“He sent that to Darwin, as an older mentor (导师), if you like, to have a peer review before publication(他将这篇论文寄给了达尔文——可以说视其为前辈导师——希望在发表前获得同行评议。)”可知，华莱士是希望在论文出版前得到达尔文的反馈。故选D。 3.细节理解题。根据最后一段“The two men published a joint paper in 1858, arguing the theory of evolution and natural selection. It shook mankind’s assumptions about its origins.(1858年，两人发表了一篇联合论文，论述了进化论和自然选择理论。它动摇了人类对其起源的假设。)”可知，联合论文发表后，人们开始怀疑自己的起源。故选A。 4.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Ask most folks who came up with the theory of evolution (进化), and they’ll tell you it was Charles Darwin. In fact, Alfred Russel Wallace, another British naturalist, was a co-­discoverer of the theory — though Darwin has gotten most of the credit. Actually, Wallace outlived Darwin by 17 years, long enough to see evolutionary theory gain acceptance.(问大多数人是谁提出了进化论，他们会告诉你是查尔斯·达尔文。事实上，另一位英国博物学家阿尔弗雷德·拉塞尔·华莱士也是这一理论的共同发现者——尽管达尔文得到了大部分赞誉。事实上，华莱士比达尔文多活了17年，他活得足够长，看到了进化论被接受。)”和全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了阿尔弗雷德·拉塞尔·华莱士是如何发展他的自然选择理论的，以及他和达尔文共同发表了进化论和自然选择理论。全文围绕华莱士在进化论中的关键角色展开，强调他是被忽视的“另一位贡献者”。由此可知，B选项“进化论背后的另一个人”最符合文章标题。故选B。 话题4 环境保护 Passage 1 （2025·河南名校联考·高一下期中）Camille Stevens-Rumann team planted several different kinds of trees, known as evergreens, two years ago in an area of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado, which burned in a fire in 2020. There are not enough small trees or seeds (种子) from living trees to replace burned trees. Even if there were enough, they say the US does not have the workers to plant and care for them. The Forest Service said the biggest problems they meet while replanting on public land are preparing burned areas, and carrying out environmental and cultural studies to make it safe to plant, which can take years. Stevens-Rumann said, “We’re in a place of such severe climate change that we are not talking about whether or not some of these places will be a different kind of forest, but whether or not they will be forests at all.” In the past, the US was able to replant burned forests. But the researchers say larger, more fires are destroying trees that normally provide seeds. They say the fires leave so large burn injury that trees cannot naturally regrow and that seedling (幼苗) survival is less likely at lower elevations (海拔). It is hotter, drier and more open there. Replanting the same trees in the same areas is likely to fail. The Forest Service rules require planting the same species at the same elevations as before a fire. But it is clear that the organization will need to be adaptable moving forward. For now, that might mean replanting at different elevations or collecting seeds from another place. Over time, researchers say it could require planting trees that are not native to the area. The idea has been argued but is gaining support. “I’ve seen people go from saying, ‘Absolutely, we cannot move trees around’to, ‘Well, let’s... maybe let’s try it at least, and do a few experiments to see if this will work,’” said Stevens-Rumann. The Forest Service is modernizing how it grows young trees. It is also studying ways to grow more or work with private industry, states and groups like the New Mexico Reforestation Center. Experts say trees might never return to some areas. But it is important that the US does as much as possible in a thoughtful way. 1. What is one problem in replanting burned forests in the US? A. The burned areas are too large to deal with. B. The Forest Service can't afford the high cost. C. There are a limited number of workers for the job. D. The living trees are too small to survive. 2. What can we know from Stevens-Rumann’s words in paragraph 3? A. Climate change hasn’t been taken seriously. B. The future existence of some forests is somehow in doubt. C. Some places will become a different kind of forest. D. The forests will disappear more quickly in the future. 3. What does the author think of the Forest Service replanting rules? A. Important. B. Acceptable. C. Informal. D. Inflexible. 4. What does the text mainly talk about? A. The successful experience of the US in reforesting the burned areas. B. Reasons and influences of US replanting the burned forests. C. Challenges and solutions in US burned-area reforestation. D. The common occurrence of wild fires in the US. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国重新植树造林面临的挑战与解决方案。 1.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Even if there were enough, they say the US does not have the workers to plant and care for them. (他们说，即使有足够的小树或种子，美国也没有工人来种植和照料它们。)”可知，美国在重植被烧毁森林方面的一个问题是从事这项工作的工人数量有限。故选C。 2.推理判断题。根据第三段中“Stevens-Rumann said, “We’re in a place of such severe climate change that we are not talking about whether or not some of these places will be a different kind of forest, but whether or not they will be forests at all.” (Stevens-Rumann说：“我们所处的环境面临着如此严峻的气候变化，以至于我们现在讨论的不是这些地方是否会变成另一种类型的森林，而是它们到底还能不能称得上是森林。”)”可推断，从Stevens-Rumann的话中我们能知道一些森林未来的存在状况在某种程度上是令人怀疑的。故选B。 3.推理判断题。根据第五段中“The Forest Service rules require planting the same species at the same elevations as before a fire. But it is clear that the organization will need to be adaptable moving forward. For now, that might mean replanting at different elevations or collecting seeds from another place. Over time, researchers say it could require planting trees that are not native to the area. (美国林务局的规定要求在火灾前的相同海拔种植相同的树种。但很明显，该组织未来需要具备适应性。目前，这可能意味着在不同的海拔重新种植，或者从另一个地方收集种子。随着时间的推移，研究人员表示，可能需要种植非本地的树木。)”可推断，作者认为美国林务局的重植规定是不灵活的。故选D。 4.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“There are not enough small trees or seeds (种子) from living trees to replace burned trees. Even if there were enough, they say the US does not have the workers to plant and care for them. (没有足够的小树或来自现存树木的种子来取代被烧毁的树木。他们说，即使有足够的，美国也没有工人来种植和照料它们。)”以及第五段中“For now, that might mean replanting at different elevations or collecting seeds from another place. Over time, researchers say it could require planting trees that are not native to the area. (目前，这可能意味着在不同的海拔重新种植，或者从另一个地方收集种子。随着时间的推移，研究人员表示，可能需要种植非本地的树木。)”可知，文章主要讨论了美国在烧毁地区重新造林方面面临的挑战和解决方案。故选C。 Passage 2 （2025·湖北·高一下期中）Protecting tropical forests is essential for preserving the biodiversity and ecosystem functions. However, their destruction is happening at an alarming rate to make way for crops. After these lands are short of nutrients they’re abandoned, which can lead to the natural regrowth of the forest that was once there. The finding suggests that so-called recovered forests, also known as secondary forests, could play a key role in restoring ecosystems. To better understand this process, Lourens Poorter at Wageningen University and his colleagues analyzed 77 secondary forest sites across the tropical regions of Central and South America, and in West Africa. These sites were all at various stages of regrowth — for example, some were 20 years old, and others were 120. The team contrasted each secondary forest with nearby old-growth forest — forests that haven’t had major disturbance. The more similar the secondary forests were to their neighboring old-growth forests reasoned the researchers, the more they had recovered. The team found that after 20 years, the average secondary forest that had grown from farmland that was used with low to medium intensity (强度) had recovered 78% of old-growth forest attributes (属性). ‌“It goes way faster than we thought,” says Poorter. But the researchers found significant discrepancy between the recovery time for the different forest attributes. Soils were the quickest to bounce back, with most recovery happening within 10 years. It took 25 — 60 years for plant species diversity to recover. Despite the enormous amount of deforestation (伐林) that has and continues to occur, there’s hope that these forests can bounce back naturally, says Poorter. Secondary forests currently make up over 28% of tropical forests in Central and South America, and are important for locking up carbon which is important to deal with climate change. In addition, they attract mammals, birds and insects back to the area, which is important for ecosystem restoration. 1. Why are the once-farmed forests deserted? A. Due to their poor soil quality. B. Due to the forest’s natural regrowth. C. Due to the preservation of ecosystems. D. Due to the need of making way for crops. 2. How did the researchers conduct the study? A. By learning more about forest attributes. B. By detecting threats to secondary forests. C. By measuring the recovery of secondary forests. D. By understanding the process of restoring ecosystems. 3. What does the underlined word “discrepancy” in Para. 5 mean? A. Difference. B. Dependence. C. Contrast. D. Link. 4. Which one is NOT the contributing factor of the forest recovery? A. The intensity of being used. B. The frequency of deforestation. C. The category of forest attributes. D. The similarity to the nearby primary forests. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了热带森林遭破坏后次生林自然恢复的情况，研究人员通过对比分析发现次生林恢复速度比预想快，不同属性恢复时间有差异。 1.细节理解题。根据第一段中“After these lands are short of nutrients they’re abandoned, which can lead to the natural regrowth of the forest that was once there. (这些土地缺乏养分后就会被遗弃，这会导致曾经生长在那里的森林自然再生)”可知，曾经被耕种过的森林被遗弃是因为土壤质量差、缺乏养分。故选A项。 2.推理判断题。根据第二段中“To better understand this process, Lourens Poorter at Wageningen University and his colleagues analyzed 77 secondary forest sites across the tropical regions of Central and South America, and in West Africa. These sites were all at various stages of regrowth — for example, some were 20 years old, and others were 120.(为了更好地理解这一过程，瓦赫宁根大学的Lourens Poorter和他的同事分析了中南美洲和西非热带地区的77个次生林地点。这些地点都处于不同的再生阶段——例如，有些是20岁，有些是120岁)”和第四段中“The team found that after 20 years, the average secondary forest that had grown from farmland that was used with low to medium intensity (强度) had recovered 78% of old-growth forest attributes (属性).(研究小组发现，20年后，从低到中等强度农田生长出来的次生林平均恢复了78%的原生林属性)”可知，研究人员是通过测量处于不同再生阶段的次生林的恢复情况来开展研究的。故选C项。 3.词句猜测题。根据第五段中“But the researchers found significant discrepancy between the recovery time for the different forest attributes. Soils were the quickest to bounce back, with most recovery happening within 10 years. It took 25 — 60 years for plant species diversity to recover. (但研究人员发现，不同森林属性的恢复时间存在显著……。土壤恢复最快，大部分恢复在10年内完成。植物物种多样性的恢复需要25到60年)”可知，大部分土壤恢复在10年内完成，而植物物种多样性的恢复需要25到60年，说明森林的不同属性恢复时间不同，有差异。故划线词“discrepancy”意思是“差异”，与A项“Difference”同义。故选A项。 4.细节理解题。根据第四段中“The team found that after 20 years, the average secondary forest that had grown from farmland that was used with low to medium intensity (强度) had recovered 78% of old growth forest attributes (属性). (研究小组发现，20年后，由中低强度使用的农田生长起来的次生林平均恢复了原始森林78%的属性)”可知恢复与使用强度有关；根据第五段中“But the researchers found significant discrepancy between the recovery time for the different forest attributes.(但研究人员发现，不同森林属性的恢复时间存在显著差异)”可知不同森林属性恢复时间不同，说明与森林属性类别有关；根据第三段中“The more similar the secondary forests were to their neighboring old-growth forests, reasoned the researchers, the more they had recovered.(研究人员推断，次生林与邻近的原始森林越相似，它们恢复的就越多)”可知与邻近原始森林的相似度越高恢复越好，说明与邻近原始森林的相似度有关。而文中未提及森林砍伐的频率是森林恢复的影响因素。故选B项。 Passage 3 （2025·湖南·高一下期中）Denmark, known for its inventive restaurants and elegant design studios, is about to become known for something more basic: the world’s first tax on animal farts (屁) and burps (打嗝) — farmers have to pay for the gases from their animals. There are five times as many pigs and cows in Denmark as there are people. Nearly two-thirds of its land is taken up by farming. And agriculture is becoming its largest share of climate pollution, putting lawmakers (立法者) under great public strain to reduce it. So now, the government has agreed to tax the planet-heating emissions that all those animals expel through their farts and burps. This tax had a hard time passing. Experts suggested different ways, including a higher tax that the farmers didn’t like. Also, the government’s plan to give farmers time and money to lower the tax wasn’t supported by environmentalists for being too easy. But finally, the tax passed, making it the only such tax on livestock in the world. Starting in 2030, farmers will be charged 300 Danish kroner(about $43) for each ton of CO₂-equivalent (等量) they produce. By 2035, the tax will be more than double. Some companies and farmers support the tax. Arla Foods, a big dairy (生产乳品的) company, said its farmers can accept it. Svend Brodersen, an organic farmer, who has ripped out part of the croplands and planted trees that absorb CO₂ and vegetables, supports the tax and thinks it can show the world that farming doesn’t have to be so polluting. He said, “Without a tax, everyone will do the same tomorrow as they did yesterday.” A bigger, more difficult problem appears: Will Denmark continue to turn over so much of its land to cows and pigs? Mr. Brodersen is weighing this himself. He expects to use a larger share of his land to grow more plants for human consumption, and a smaller share for dairy. “You need cows in nature,” he said. “But you have to find a balance between how much for milk and how much for vegetables.” 1. Which is closest in meaning to “strain” in paragraph 2? A. Control. B. Pressure. C. Leadership. D. Discussion. 2. Which of the following was a reason for the tax having a hard time passing? A. The government’s not wanting to pass it. B. The farmers’ thought that the tax was too easy. C. Farmers’ being against the higher-tax proposal. D. Environmentalists’ not suggesting any good ways. 3. What can we infer from the fact that some companies and farmers support the tax? A. They have no choice but to accept the tax due to government pressure. B. They see potential benefits or positive changes connected with the tax. C. They think they can rip out the croplands and plant trees and vegetables. D. They believe the tax will immediately solve the climate pollution problem. 4. What might happen in Denmark in the future according to the passage? A. The tax on animal emissions will be called off. B. People will give up eating meat and dairy products. C. Denmark will have more dairy products than needed. D. The amount of land used for dairy farming may decrease. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了丹麦即将实施对动物放屁和打嗝所产生气体征税的政策。 1.词句猜测题。根据第二段“And agriculture is becoming its largest share of climate pollution, putting lawmakers (立法者) under great public strain to reduce it.(农业正成为其气候污染的最大来源，这给立法者带来了巨大的公众strain，要求他们减少污染)”可知，因为农业污染严重，公众要求立法者采取措施，所以立法者面临压力。strain意为“压力”，故选B。 2.细节理解题。根据第三段“Experts suggested different ways, including a higher tax that the farmers didn’t like.(专家提出了不同的方案，包括农民不喜欢的更高税额)”可知，农民反对更高税额的提议，这是该税难以通过的原因之一。故选C。 3.推理判断题。根据第四段“Some companies and farmers support the tax. Arla Foods, a big dairy( 生产乳品的)company, said its farmers can accept it.Svend Brodersen, an organic farmer, who has ripped out part of the croplands and planted trees that absorb CO₂ and vegetables, supports the tax and thinks it can show the world that farming doesn’t have to be so polluting.(一些公司和农民支持这项税收。大型乳制品公司Arla Foods表示，其农民可以接受。有机农民斯文德・布罗德森拔掉了部分农田，种植了吸收二氧化碳的树木和蔬菜，他支持这项税收，并认为这可以向世界表明农业不一定会造成如此大的污染)”可知，一些公司和农民看到了税收可能带来的积极变化，比如推动农业向更环保方向发展。故选B。 4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“He expects to use a larger share of his land to grow more plants for human consumption, and a smaller share for dairy.(他预计将用更大比例的土地种植供人类食用的植物，而用于乳制品生产的土地比例将减少)”，可推知未来丹麦用于奶牛养殖的土地数量可能会减少。故选D。 Passage 4 （2025·湖南·高一下期中）In Hungary, every few months, a group of volunteers gather for the Plastic Cup, a competition where teams go up against each other to collect as much rubbish as possible. “The name comes from the American Cup, a famous boat race,” said the Plastic Cup’s project manager, Gergely Hankó, adding, “We have many volunteers, including companies and decision-makers. Everybody is forming the team.” The most recent Plastic Cup meeting was held on Hungary’s Lake Tisza and the Tisza River, the Danube’s longest tributary (支流). Besides huge amounts of plastic like bottles, volunteers often fish out metal cans, tyres, batteries and so on. Around 150 volunteers joined this cleanup, with one participant noting, “It’s always good fun and we’re making friends and having fun while doing good.” Nearly half of Earth’s surface waters are in river basins shared by at least two countries. These support around 40% of the world’s population. “Unluckily, there’s much pollution in every river globally. The Danube transfers 1,500 tons of plastic, the Tisza around 250 tons, and we can stop 100 tons per year,” Gergely said when stressing the broader impact of the Plastic Cup project. This year’s cleanup on the Tisza River also falls on Danube Day, a yearly event held across several European countries to mark the signing of the Danube River Protection Convention. “What we can do is to collect and remove plastic rubbish from the Tisza River and its tributaries, and we also have a monitoring system to keep the pollution under observation,” said Örs Antal from Hungary’s General Directorate of Water Management. “The situation has improved a lot, which is good news, but a step towards a permanent measure would be whether we could strengthen international cooperation.” Agreeing with the opinion, Gergely said more cooperation would be needed between countries that share surface waters. “We need everybody to clean up the Tisza basin and the Danube basin,” he said. “Every country has to develop its Extended Producer Responsibility system and its Deposit Return system. Then you have to deal with the producers, work on eco-design, reduce the packaging, and reduce the generated rubbish.” 1. How can the participants benefit from the competition? A. Have a larger social circle. B. Obtain more survival skills. C. Be better at making decisions. D. Learn a rich knowledge of teamwork. 2. Why are the numbers mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To draw more attention to the Tisza. B. To indicate the necessity for the project. C. To show the popularity of the competition. D. To stress the shortage of the water resource. 3. What does the Hungarian government probably do in order to protect the Danube river? A. Organize daily cleanup activities. B. Establish their own Danube Day. C. Force companies to pick up rubbish. D. Watch the pollution through a device. 4. What is necessary for a lasting solution to river pollution according to Gergely? A. Increasing the number of volunteers. B. Setting up more environmental events. C. Strengthening international partnerships. D. Reducing the cost of cleanup operations. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了匈牙利为了遏制不断上升的塑料潮而开展的清理匈牙利多瑙河河流的团队竞赛活动。 1.细节理解题。根据第二段“It’s always good fun and we’re making friends and having fun while doing good.(这总是很有趣，我们在做好事的同时结交了朋友，玩得很开心)”可知，参与者的社交圈会更大。故选A。 2.推理判断题。根据第三段“Nearly half of Earth’s surface waters are in river basins shared by at least two countries. These support around 40% of the world’s population. “Unluckily, there’s much pollution in every river globally. The Danube transfers 1,500 tons of plastic, the Tisza around 250 tons, and we can stop 100 tons per year,” Gergely said when stressing the broader impact of the Plastic Cup project.(地球近一半的地表水位于至少两个国家共有的河流流域。这些国家供养着世界上大约40%的人口。“不幸的是，全球每条河流都有很多污染。多瑙河运输1500吨塑料，蒂萨河大约250吨，我们每年可以停止100吨，”Gergely在强调塑料杯项目的更广泛影响时说)”可推断，作者在第三段提到这些数字旨在说明The Plastic Cup项目的必要性。故选B。 3.细节理解题。根据第四段““What we can do is to collect and remove plastic rubbish from the Tisza River and its tributaries, and we also have a monitoring system to keep the pollution under observation,” said Örs Antal from Hungary’s General Directorate of Water Management.(匈牙利水资源管理总局的Örs Antal说：“我们所能做的就是收集和清除Tisza河及其支流的塑料垃圾，我们也有一个监测系统来监测污染情况。”)”可知，匈牙利政府设立监控系统来关注污染情况。故选D。 11题详解】 4.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The situation has improved a lot, which is good news, but a step towards a permanent measure would be whether we could strengthen international cooperation.(情况已经改善了很多，这是好消息，但迈向永久性措施的一步将是我们是否能加强国际合作)”及最后一段“Agreeing with the opinion, Gergely said more cooperation would be needed between countries that share surface waters. “We need everybody to clean up the Tisza basin and the Danube basin,” he said.( Gergely同意这一观点，他说共享地表水的国家之间需要更多的合作。他说：“我们需要每个人都来清理提萨盆地和多瑙河盆地。”)”可知，Gergely认为加强国际合作关系是一个持久解决水污染的办法。故选C。 Passage 5 （2025·江苏·高一下期中）During summer in the early 1980s, a strange underwater noise troubled houseboat owners in Sausalito, California. People living on houseboats had guessed that there might be army-related actions or underwater ships. But when the mystery was finally solved in 1985, the truth was perhaps even more surprising, because of the noise that is “almost deafening” and sounds like coming from machines, it’s the male toadfish (蟾鱼) that are searching for their mates. Scientists and fishermen have long known toadfish and a few other fish species to be rather talkative. But new research shows that the ability to make sound is a far more widespread feature among fish. “What our study tells is that with fish sound production being widespread, it begins to change the way we consider the sounds of the ocean,” says Aaron Rice. Rice and his coauthors found that fish’s ability to make noise had independently developed at least 33 times within the class of fish. This tells us, says Rice, how “important” sound communication might be for fish, “and that there is a very strong selection pressure to use sound.” That is, factors like the availability of food have meant that, for many species, fish that could produce sound stood a better chance of survival. The new study raises some concerning questions. If sound communication is so important for fish, then, says Rice, “the widespread range of human noise pollution in the oceans may actually have some serious consequences on them.” A 2018 review of studies into human-caused underwater noise pollution records a long list of harm done to fish species, including avoidance of important habitats, higher death rates, and poor growth rates. To take a specific example, when exposed to boat noise, toadfish struggle to communicate and find mates, limiting reproduction and potentially affecting entire populations. Currently, there is no international rule on ocean noise pollution. “The new evidence of fish sound communication being a common feature could be important for increasing rule of noise.” says Miyoko Sakashita, who works for better law-making protections for underwater life. 1. What can be learned about the sound of male toadfish? A. It changed rapidly from time to time. B. It helped fishermen learn to catch fish. C. It sounded like coming from engines. D. It caused wars among houseboat owners. 2. What did Rice and his team find from their study? A. Fish sound production is quite common. B. Toadfish have developed hundreds of times. C. Biological diversity allows fish to survive. D. Many fish species share a common language. 3. Why does the author give the example of toadfish in paragraph 4? A. To show noise pollution can do harm to sea fish species. B. To prove an increasing number of fish species are endangered. C. To stress humans are causing more underwater noise pollution. D. To explain how fish adapt themselves to polluted environments. 4. What is Sakashita’s attitude to Rice’s new research? A. Curious. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Supportive. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了新的研究表明，发出声音的能力在鱼类中非常普遍，鱼类声音交流是一种共同特征，可能对增加噪音规则很重要。 1.细节理解题。根据第一段“But when the mystery was finally solved in 1985, the truth was perhaps even more surprising, because of the noise that is “almost deafening” and sounds like coming from machines, it’s the male toadfish (蟾鱼) that are searching for their mates.(但当这个谜团在1985年最终解开时，真相可能更令人惊讶，因为这种“几乎震耳欲聋”的声音听起来像是机器发出的，那是雄性蟾蜍鱼在寻找它们的伴侣)”可知，雄性蟾鱼的声音听起来像是发动机发出的。故选C。 2.细节理解题。根据第三段Rice的话“What our study tells is that with fish sound production being widespread, it begins to change the way we consider the sounds of the ocean(我们的研究告诉我们，随着鱼类发声的广泛传播，它开始改变我们对海洋声音的看法)”可知，Rice和他的团队发现鱼类发声是非常普遍的。故选A。 3.推理判断题。根据第四段“A 2018 review of studies into human-caused underwater noise pollution records a long list of harm done to fish species, including avoidance of important habitats, higher death rates, and poor growth rates.(2018年对人类造成的水下噪音污染研究的回顾记录了对鱼类造成的一长串伤害，包括避开重要栖息地、更高的死亡率和较低的生长率)”和“To take a specific example, when exposed to boat noise, toadfish struggle to communicate and find mates, limiting reproduction and potentially affecting entire populations.(举个具体的例子，当暴露在船的噪音中时，蟾鱼很难交流和寻找配偶，从而限制了繁殖，并可能影响整个种群)”可推知，该段以蟾鱼为例是为了展示噪音污染对海洋鱼类所造成的伤害。故选A。 4.推理判断题。根据最后一段Sakashita所说的话“The new evidence of fish sound communication being a common feature could be important for increasing rule of noise.(鱼类声音交流是一种共同特征的新证据可能对增加噪音规则很重要)”可知，Sakashita认为Rice的新研究证明了鱼类生意交流是一种共同特征，可能对增加噪音规则很重要，故持支持态度。故选D。 话题5 自然生态 Passage 1 （2025·江苏·高一下期中）Honey from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees’ nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper — a little bird called a honey guide. The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax in the beehives(蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees’ nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share. Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit. 1. Why is it difficult to find a wild bees’ nest? A. It’s small in size. B. It’s hidden in trees. C. It’s covered with wax. D. It’s hard to recognize. 2. What do the words “the follower” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A bee. B. A bird. C. A honey seeker. D. A beekeeper. 3. The honey guide is special in the way ________. A. it gets its food B. it goes to church C. it sings in the forest D. it reaches into bees’ nests 4. What can be the best title for the text? A. Wild Bees. B. Wax and Honey. C. Beekeeping in Africa. D. Honey-Lover’s Helper. 【答案】1 B 2. C 3. A 4. D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种奇特的鸟。虽然寻找野蜜蜂的巢很难，但在非洲的部分地区，寻找蜂蜜的人和动物有一种奇怪而意想不到的帮手——一种被称为“蜂蜜向导”的小鸟。 1.细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees’ nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them.(然而，他们得到蜂蜜的唯一方法就是找到一个野蜜蜂的巢，然后从里面取蜂蜜。通常，这些巢穴都在高高的树上，很难找到它们)”可知，野蜜蜂的巢都在很高的树上，不易被人找到。故选B项。 2.词句猜测题。根据第一段末“In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper — a little bird called a honey guide.(然而，在非洲的部分地区，寻找蜂蜜的人和动物有一种奇怪而意想不到的帮手——一种被称为“蜂蜜向导”的小鸟)”及划线词前“So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest.(所以，当它找到一个合适的巢穴时，它会寻找别人来帮助它。蜂蜜向导发出一声响亮的叫声，吸引了路过的动物和人的注意。一旦引起了它们的注意，它就会飞过森林，时不时地等着这些好奇的动物或人把它们带到蜂巢那里)”和后面“reaches in to get at the delicious honey(伸手去够美味的蜂蜜)”可知，本段主要讲述寻找蜂蜜的人和动物如何通过这种鸟找到蜂巢的过程，小鸟找到蜂巢就会吸引人或动物跟着它，到了蜂巢那里，跟着它的人或动物去把蜂蜜拿出来。由此推测，the follower指的是寻找蜂蜜的人或动物。故选C项。 3.推理判断题。根据第一段末“In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper — a little bird called a honey guide.(然而，在非洲的部分地区，寻找蜂蜜的人和动物有一种奇怪而意想不到的帮手——一种被称为“蜂蜜向导”的小鸟)”中的形容词strange and unexpected可知，这种鸟很奇特，结合第二段内容可推测，这种鸟的奇特之处是它找到食物的方法很特别，找到蜂巢，去找人类或其他动物来吃蜂蜜，它捡拾掉落的蜂蜡吃。故选A项。 4.主旨大意题。根据第一段末“In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper — a little bird called a honey guide.(然而，在非洲的部分地区，寻找蜂蜜的人和动物有一种奇怪而意想不到的帮手——一种被称为“蜂蜜向导”的小鸟)”并综合全文可知，本文主要介绍这种奇怪的小鸟，它可以帮助想吃蜂蜜的人或动物找到野蜂巢。故选D项。 Passage 2 （2025·江苏连云港·高一下期中）When photojournalist Jasper Doest arrived in the Transylvanian Alps to record the coexistence of humans and wildlife for his film, he planned on shooting in the forest of the Southern Carpathian woods. “It’s a beautiful mountain landscape with the forests — a very wild place,” says Doest. Instead, he found a story on the side of the road — he got up close and personal with a group of bears begging (乞求) for food. While Doest drove on a mountain pass, the bears were hanging around on the roadside. So he stopped and rolled down his window to observe them, but a large brown bear headed directly for the vehicle and made his move, waiting for a tasty treat. “This is the shot,” thought Doest. He forced his fingers to press the button, getting six shots — one clear, five unclear. Then he realized just how close he’d been to the animal and its possible dangers. The region’s brown bears are usually shy around people. It takes just a few meals for them to get hooked on (迷上) human food. And, after that, they don’t stay wild long. They begin to depend on humans for existence. He met a tourist who proudly told him she’d been feeding bears on the roadside in the conservation area. “It was the saddest thing, " he says. "It made us realize why the bears had completely changed their behavior.” In the days that followed Doest saw other examples of how tourists’ handouts had changed the delicate ecosystem they were visiting. He realized the story of conservation in the region was as much about people as wildlife. “It’s about how to accept nature in our lives,” he says. So don’t feed the bears, says Doest — you could save an animal’s life, and a community’s commitment to wildlife conservation, along the way. 1. Why did Doest go to the Transylvanian Alps? A. To go hunting. B. To interview visitors. C. To go travelling. D. To prepare for his film. 2. What can we infer about Doest from paragraph 2? A. He was not afraid of bears. B. He was impatient with the bear. C. He was not good at taking pictures. D. He was nervous and excited when shooting. 3. What effect will humans’ feeding bring to the brown bears? A. They become dependent on humans. B. They have a higher risk of getting ill. C. They are likely to become humans’ pets. D. They tend to attack people more for food. 4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To promote his new documentary. B. To call on people not to feed wildlife. C. To record his encounter with bears D. To attract more visitors to help bears. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了摄影师Jasper Doest在特兰西瓦尼亚阿尔卑斯山拍摄人与野生动物共存时，发现了一个令人痛心的现象：由于游客投喂，熊变得依赖人类，这改变了当地的生态系统。Doest呼吁人们不要投喂野生动物，以保护它们的野性和生态平衡。 1.细节理解题。根据第一段“When photojournalist Jasper Doest arrived in the Transylvanian Alps to record the coexistence of humans and wildlife for his film, he planned on shooting in the forest of the Southern Carpathian woods.(当摄影记者贾斯珀·多斯特来到特兰西瓦尼亚阿尔卑斯山，为他的电影记录人类和野生动物的共存时，他计划在南喀尔巴阡山脉的森林中拍摄。)”可知，Doest去特兰西瓦尼亚阿尔卑斯山是为了准备他的电影。故选D项。 2.推理判断题。根据第二段“So he stopped and rolled down his window to observe them, but a large brown bear headed directly for the vehicle and made his move, waiting for a tasty treat. “This is the shot,” thought Doest. He forced his fingers to press the button, getting six shots — one clear, five unclear. Then he realized just how close he’d been to the animal and its possible dangers.(于是他停下车，摇下车窗观察它们，但一只大棕熊径直朝汽车走来，做好了动作，等着美味的食物。“就是这张照片，”多斯特想。他强迫自己的手指按下按钮，拍了六张照片——一张清晰，五张不清晰。然后他意识到自己离这只动物有多近，以及它可能带来的危险。)”可知，Doest在拍摄时既紧张又兴奋。故选D项。 3.细节理解题。根据第三段“And, after that, they don’t stay wild long. They begin to depend on humans for existence.(在那之后，它们不会在野外待太久。它们开始依靠人类生存。)”可知，人类喂养会让棕熊变得依赖人类。故选A项。 4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“So don’t feed the bears, says Doest — you could save an animal’s life, and a community’s commitment to wildlife conservation, along the way.(所以不要喂熊，Doest说——你可以在这个过程中拯救一个动物的生命，以及一个社区对野生动物保护的承诺。)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁人们不要喂野生动物。故选B项。 Passage 3 （2025·江苏南京·高一下期中）Many digital characters we call emojis describe the natural world. Yet the emoji tree of life is imbalanced, according to a study published recently in the journal iScience. Researchers analyzing the comprehensive Emojipedia (表情图标百科) found that vertebrate (脊椎的) animals are heavily favored over all other types of life, while plants are hardly featured at all — and some branches of biodiversity are missing entirely. The study authors suggest that these gaps could influence digital communication about protection and biology. Emojis are an increasingly large part of human communication, and it’s worth examining the holes, says Sanjaya Wijeratne, a computer scientist who has studied emoji meaning and use. “The paper asks a virtual question,” he says, noting that past research suggests that including emojis in social media posts can boost positive engagement. Some emojis could help to promote perception of certain biological classifications (分类) online, Wijeratne suggests. But emojis come with costs, says Jennifer Lee, a current member of the nonprofit Unicode Consortium’s Emoji Subcommittee, which is responsible for shaping international emoji standards. Every additional emoji requires storage space and adds to keyboard clutter. New emojis must be carefully considered and meet standards of use frequency. Study co-author Gentile Francesco Ficetola, a biologist at University of Milan, isn’t advocating for every species to get its cartoon version. Instead, he and his colleagues suggest increasing virtual representation by adding just three new emojis that would significantly boost diversity: a flatworm, a $ 专题01 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1 生活与学习 话题4 环境保护 话题2 文学、艺术与体育 话题5 自然生态 话题3 历史、社会与文化 话题6 科学与技术 话题1 生活与学习 Passage 1 （2025·福建泉州·高一下期中）Nowadays, handwriting seems to become less necessary, for young children learn to tap and touch screens before they have even learned to pick up a pencil or tie their shoelaces. Most of our written communication is done through texting on mobile phones or typing on a keyboard. And voice recognition software is becoming more and more advanced —making even keyboards unnecessary! So, are handwriting skills important to your child? Actually, handwriting is an exercise in eye-hand coordination (协调), an important part of visual-motor (视觉运动) skills, which are connected with achievements in study. Scientists found that developing fine visual-motor skills in early childhood can lead to not only writing success, but better performance in reading and math in elementary school. It was also found that kids who fail to write neatly and efficiently are often accused of being lazy, and this may affect their behavior and self-worth. Moreover, a study showed that when a group of children were asked to come up with ideas for an article, the ones with better handwriting were more active and had quicker minds. In some ways, handwriting helps their brains’ development. The first attempts at writing can be challenging for pre-school children —whose fine motor skills are not yet fully developed. But some skills to prepare for handwriting are simple to build at home and in preschool. Parents should provide lots of opportunities for kids to copy and draw shapes and simple pictures in early childhood before letters are introduced. Let your child copy your shapes in sand, or with chalks on a board before trying to draw the shapes on their own. Encourage your child to spend less time on electronic devices and more time on activities to improve eye-hand coordination. Let’s face it —technology is certain to continue developing and more research is needed to find the best ways to teach handwriting to young children. But, there’s plenty of evidence that the handwriting practice can provide young children with a good start in developing skills needed for a healthy and successful journey in school. 1. According to Paragraph 1, handwriting is ________. A. easy to learn on a touch screen B. used less frequently now C. more difficult than typewriting D. totally replaced by softwares 2. How does the author explain the benefits of handwriting? A. By presenting some research findings. B. By mentioning examples of the kids around him. C. By giving some news reports on hand-writing. D. By providing data about pupils with good grades. 3. What does the author suggest parents do? A. Keep young children away from electronic devices. B. Teach pre-school children to write letters with chalks. C. Help children get ready for handwriting before school. D. Encourage children to face writing challenges bravely. 4. What can be the best title for the text? A. Does poor handwriting really mean being lazy? B. Should handwriting be taken seriously in children’s growth? C. How can handwriting affect children’s self-confidence? D. Should homework be done through handwriting or typewriting? Passage 2 （2025·安徽·高一下期中）In today’s fast-paced world, studying for long hours without a break has become a norm for many students. However, this approach often leads to burnout, reduced concentration, and lower recollection rates. Studies have shown that taking regular studybreaks is a key strategy for maintaining mental clarity, boosting productivity, and improving overall learning effectiveness. Michelle Connolly, an educational consultant said, “Taking breaks during study sessions isn’t a luxury; it’s a necessity for both cerebral (大脑的) recovery and emotional well-being.” It’s about creating a harmonious blend that respects your mental boundaries while pushing the limits of your academic performance. Striking a balance is critical for peak cognitive performance and overall well-being, Integrating effective rest periods strategically into your study sessions can enhance your ability to learn and remember information. Cognitive performance benefits significantly from breaks. Breaks help ease mental exhaustion that accumulates during prolonged study. You might notice after long periods of intense focus, your concentration starts to fade. This is because of cognitive load, a concept in cognitive science suggesting your brain has a limited capacity for information processing. When you take a break, you essentially allow your brain to “cool off” and reduce this load, thereby restoring your ability to concentrate and maintain focus during study. Attention Restoration Theory underlines the value of breaks, especially those involving nature or relaxation, to rejuvenate (恢复) your capacity for concentration. Likewise, the Conservation of Resources Theory suggests that by conserving mental resources through regular breaks, you can better manage stress and avoid burnout. One of the most popular methods is the Pomodoro Technique, which suggests studying for 25 minutes and taking a 5-minute break. After four cycles, you take a longer break, typically 15-30 minutes. This technique leverages the brain’s natural rhythms to keep it fresh and focused. By understanding the science behind studybreaks and using strategies like the Pomodoro Technique, you can optimize your study sessions and maintain a balanced approach to learning. Remember, productivity isn’t just about working harder; it’s about working smarter — and studybreaks are a key part of that equation. 1. What is Michelle’s attitude toward putting breaks into study sessions? A. Approving. B. Indifferent. C. Skeptical. D. Neutral. 2. In what way do breaks contribute to cognitive performance? A. By removing mental exhaustion. B. By preventing cerebral focus resetting. C. By maximizing the brain’s capacity. D. By cutting down cognitive load. 3. Why are the different theories mentioned in Paragraph 4? A. To present that different theories may contradict each other. B. To show the historical development of break-related theories. C. To emphasize the importance of physical exercise in study. D. To provide the theoretical support for the benefits of breaks. 4. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Students should prioritize working harder over taking breaks. B. Regular breaks alone are enough to achieve the best academic results. C. True productivity combines scientific basis with practical strategies. D. More focus should be placed on short-term goals by students. Passage 3 （2025·河南名校联考·高一下期中）In 2010, while Brad Ryan described his previous adventures hiking and climbing a famous mountain, Ryan learned that his grandmother Joy Ryan had never set eyes on a mountain, which was one of her lifelong regrets. That conversation stayed with him. A few years later, Ryan decided to take a weekend road trip to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park and asked Grandma if she'd like to join him. Thankfully, his grandmother jumped at the chance. At 85, she saw her first mountain, climbed her first mountain and went camping for the first time. While he knew that the fun might be ravaged when he travelled with an elderly person, Ryan quickly found that this wasn't the case. In fact, it was quite the opposite. It made the experience of being in the great outdoors much richer because having to move more slowly meant he was able to take everything in in a more meaningful way. The first trip planted a seed of joy inside Ryan that had been missing, and he was excited to see how much Grandma had enjoyed the experience. Keen to keep their adventure going, the pair made a plan to travel to the other 62 US National Parks together. Such a challenge would be a huge feat for most hikers, let alone an elderly woman with limited hiking experience, so they decided to take their time with it. It took them nearly eight years to do it. Ryan said that the lens through which Grandma was seeing the world was very different to most people of his age because she didn't visit a place thinking, “Well, I'll be back again,” so there was more presence. After reaching their final stop, the National Park of American Samoa in the South Pacific, in 2023, they became closer than ever and eventually decided on attempting to travel to every continent in the world. 1. What inspired Brad Ryan to take his grandma on a trip? A. His love for travelling. B. His hope of strengthening their relationship. C. His grandma's dream of climbing mountains. D. His grandma's regret of never seeing a mountain. 2. What does the underlined word “ravaged” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Damaged. B. Valued. C. Questioned. D. Forgotten. 3. How did Brad Ryan deal with the difficulty in hiking with his grandma? A. By going to fewer destinations. B. By travelling much more slowly. C. By planning more short-distance trips. D. By visiting a place more than once. 4. What may be the best title for the text? A. A Hike to 63 US National Parks B. An Elderly Woman's Lifelong Dream C. The Advantage of Travelling with the Elderly D. A Journey Filled with Love and Deeper Experiences Passage 4 （2025·湖南长沙·高一下期中） Ernest Owusu was 13 in 1980 when he was given the opportunity to appear in the audience of a BBC show, and ask Thatcher how she felt about being called the Iron Lady. This encounter re-emerged in a BBC’s programme recently. At the time of their meeting, Owusu was on free school meals, living on a public estate in Brixton, south London, where he and his sister were being raised by their mother Rose, a struggling hairdresser. Now 57, Owusu looks remarkably similar even with a greying beard. But his life has been transformed. The father of three is a human resources director, and the first black captain of the Addington golf club in its 110-year history. As a black guy, it is about breaking the glass ceiling. Speaking in its clubhouse, Owusu describes his rise in social status (地位) as a “Thatcherite Journey”. And he says it began by asking the woman herself. “To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed from that sliding-door moment. Something about her connected with me.” Thatcher told Owusu she enjoyed being called the Iron Lady. “I think it’s rather a praise, don’t you?” she said, “Because so often people have said to me if you’re in your job you’ve got to be soft and warm and human, but you’ve got to have a touch of steel.” Owusu recalls the moment, “I just remember her eye contact. She was answering me, not the camera. She welcomed the question saying you’ve got to be firm in this world. And that stuck with me.” After the show was broadcast, Owusu said he became “a little hero in Brixton for a good three months”. Owusu added, “It all gave me extra confidence. Doors might not have opened so quickly. It was one of those key moments to make you do things maybe you wouldn’t otherwise have done.” 1. What do we know about Owusu when he was 13? A. He met with Thatcher twice. B. He joined a famous golf club. C. He hosted a BBC’s programme. D. He lived at the bottom of society. 2. What do the underlined words “sliding-door moment” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Turning point. B. Important decision. C. Social status. D. Remarkable achievement. 3. Based on the text, what made a big difference to Owusu? A. Others’ treating him equally at work. B. Others’ voting him a hero in Brixton. C. Thatcher’s efforts to preserve his dignity. D. Thatcher’s faith in the necessity of toughness. 4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. The Art of Dialogue B. The Power of Confidence C. A Life-changing Meeting D. A Status-improving Tale Passage 5 （2025·江苏高邮·高一下期中）Delilah was born in London, the capital city of England in 1968. When he was twelve years old, he went to Paris with an uncle. There, he finished his studies in marketing. After working as a casting director for nine years, Delilah got a job at Rue Dieulafoy. It is a popular place in Paris and many Parisian fashion designers like to go there. While working there and watching the customers, Delilah came up with the idea of making clothes for the European market. He wanted to give new life to the clothes that were sold in Africa. This idea started to become real. The England designer opened his first showroom. There, he began to sell his own brand of products. If you look carefully at the clothes in his showroom, you can see how special his design process is. He takes the clothes that come to Africa from Europe and the US through charities. Then he gives them a new look and sells them in France. Every year, a large amount of clothes are sent from Europe and the US to Africa. Just Italy sends more than 150 tonnes. The second-hand clothing market in Africa started because people wanted to help poorer countries. But it has two problems. First, many clothes can’t be used again. These clothes that no one buys make more waste. Second, since the late 1980s, too many second-hand clothes have come into the African market. This has made the African cloth industry face a big crisis and it is still having a hard time getting better. Delilah goes to Africa several times a year to buy second-hand clothes. In fact, 95 percent of the clothes he makes come from the markets in London. “We don’t want to teach people with fashion. Instead, we want to show them what they can do with what they have. Give me the clothes and I’ll show you how to wear them without having to buy new ones,” he said. The African designer’s words, which he said in an interview with the British broadcaster BBC, can show his idea. 1. What do you learn about Delilah from paragraph 1? A. He helped his uncle at Rue Dieulafoy. B. He worked at a nice place in Paris. C. He studied marketing for nine years. D. He became a casting director in London. 2. What is the idea behind Delilah’s clothing brand? A. The use of different clothes. B. The jobs of fashion designers. C. The importance of recycling. D. The value of good quality. 3. What can you infer about the second-hand clothes in Africa? A. They are a good way to help poorer countries. B. They have made the African industry grow fast. C. They have made clothes environmentally friendly. D. They have done no good to the African economy. 4. What is the main aim of this text? A. To tell the story of an excellent designer. B. To encourage more designers to be creative. C. To analyze the result of second-hand clothes. D. To help a designer’s fashion business grow. 话题2 文学、艺术与体育 Passage 1 （2025·福建莆田·高一下期中）A blind Chinese climber reached the summit (顶点) of Qomolangma, known in the West as Mount Everest, on Monday morning, becoming the first blind person from Asia ever to conquer the world’s highest summit. Zhang Hong, 46, reached the top from the Nepali side, along with three high-altitude guides. Zhang, who was born in Chongqing, lost his sight at the age of 21. He now works at Fukang Hospital Affiliated with Tibet University in Lhasa. As Zhang began his climb of Qomolangma, which is 8,848. 86 meters above sea level, his colleagues in Lhasa were excited to hear the news of his success. “Many people may have doubted his attempt of climbing at first, but I was confident in him from the beginning,” said Kyila, the secretary of the Fukang Angel Foundation, who also is a blind person. “I knew before that he could make it, and he did make it. I am really happy for him. He is a model for blind people to encourage them to chase their dreams.” Zhang’s passion for climbing was inspired by Lotse, a famous Tibetan climber who conquered all the world’s 14 summits above the altitude of 8,000 meters. Lotse had shared the story of the blind US mountaineer Erik Weihenmayer, who climbed Qomolangma in May 2001. Zhang was touched by the story, which ignited his dream of climbing. As an amateur climber for years, Zhang had conquered three mountains above the altitude of 6,000 meters before climbing the world’s highest summit. He had begun preparing for the Qomolangma climb in 2019. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic (流行病), all mountaineering teams on Qomolangma were canceled in Nepal and China last year, and he had to wait until recently to finally make the attempt. 1. What can we infer from what Kyila said? A. He had been inspired by Lotse. B. He had much belief in Zhang’s success. C. Zhang’s colleagues doubted his motivation. D. Zhang centered on climbing in his spare time. 2. What does the underlined word “ignited” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Lighted. B. Accomplished. C. Followed. D. Recalled. 3. Why did Zhang Hong fail to climb Qomolangma in 2020? A. He was too weak. B. He wasn’t well prepared. C. A pandemic broke out. D. Extreme weather occurred. 4. What’s the best title for the text? A. Zhang Hong Sets an Example to Others B. A Blind Climber Reaches Qomolangma Summit C. Qomolangma Attracts More Chinese to Climb D. A Chinese Climber Got Through the Pandemic Passage 2 （2025·湖南名校联考·高一下期中）A kid from Ghana has officially been recognized as the world’s youngest male artist. Guinness World Records acknowledged Ace-Liam Nana Sam Ankrah when he was just one year and 152 days old. The little boy began painting at the age of six months, when his remarkable talent became clear. His mother Chantelle, also an artist, was surprised to find her son had artistic talent from that young age. She explained how he started painting. Chantelle was given the task of designing a work for Miss Universe 2023. While she was working, she gave Ace-Liam a canvas (油画布) and some paint. She said he clearly showed a strong interest in colours as he explored the canvas. Chantelle named his first piece “The Crawl”. Ace-Liam is attracting attention across the art world. His work was exhibited at Ghana’s Museum of Science in January. Nine of the 10 pieces on show at that exhibition were sold. Art lovers have bought a further six of his paintings this year. Even Ghana’s first lady Rebecca Akufo-Addo asked the little boy to create a piece for her. Chantelle said her son is making waves with his artistic talent. She said: “He has created a buzz and encouraged deeper conversations about art appreciation.” She also mentioned that his abstract paintings were inspired by the world around him—colours, shapes, textures and his mood. Guinness remarked: “There is no doubt that Ace-Liam has an exciting career ahead of him, and we can’t wait to see what comes next.” 1. What can be inferred about Ace-Liam’s mother from the passage? A. She forced him to learn painting for fame. B. She discouraged him from studying art. C. She designed his first artwork “The Crawl”. D. She discovered his talent by accident. 2. Why does the author mention many of Ace-Liam’s pieces were sold? A. To show the high value of children’s art. B. To prove his artistic talent is widely recognized. C. To stress the museum’s profit-making goal. D. To compare his talent with adult artists. 3. Which of the following is TRUE about Ace-Liam’s artworks? A. All of his paintings shown at the exhibition in January were sold. B. His paintings are mainly realistic works about daily life. C. His abstract paintings draw inspiration from his surroundings. D. His artworks have only been sold in Ghana so far. 4. What might be the best title for the passage? A. The World’s Youngest Male Artist in Guinness B. Exploration of Abstract Painting Techniques C. The Role of Parents in Child Artists’ Success D. A Famous Art Exhibition in Ghana Passage 3 （2025·江苏东台·高一下期中）On the morning of November 13, a graceful violin melody flowed along the Qingdao seashore, blending (融合) perfectly with the rhythm of the ocean waves. The man playing the violin is Petar Kutin, a Bulgarian teaching music at Yew Chung International School of Qingdao. For Kutin, who has been extensively trained in Western music, Chinese music holds a special charm. He skillfully combines Chinese and Western musical elements and works with Chinese musicians to create original pieces. In one of his latest works, Kutin blends his violin with the erhu, alongside the sounds of frogs and birds, creating a harmonious and moving composition. “I believe that music is an incredibly powerful language that brings people together.” Kutin said. At Yew Chung International School of Qingdao, this philosophy comes to life. To help his students with diverse backgrounds overcome cultural shock and quickly adapt to the Chinese environment, Kutin arranges music pieces tailored to their abilities. “When students perform together, it promotes teamwork and allows them to express both their cultural identity and individuality. Playing together builds confidence, happiness, and a sense of belonging. Music truly bonds the performers.” Kutin said. Kutin also uses music to deliver meaningful messages to his students. He wrote the lyrics of a song about frugality together with the students, explaining what frugality mean — reusing items instead of throwing them unnecessarily, avoiding waste. They turned this message into a song and then into a music video, which they play almost every week. In addition to his work at school, Kutin composes music for social causes. He has created several pieces to help people with mental disabilities relax and find comfort. “Music is constantly developing, and musicians must keep learning to grow.” he said. With a passion for creating and sharing, Kutin aims to promote deeper connections between people and cultures, contributing to a more harmonious and lively future through music. 1. What do we know about Kutin? A. He blends east and west in music. B. He received music education in China. C. He thinks nature is vital in Chinese music. D. He prefers Chinese music to Western music. 2. What is Kutin’s belief about music? A. Music enhances personal abilities. B. Music removes cultural differences. C. Music bears the magic to unite people. D. Music expresses the philosophy of life. 3. What can we learn from the example in paragraph 4? A. Kutin’s music is popular. B. Kutin’s music is emotional. C. Kutin’s music is instructive. D. Kutin’s music is traditional. 4. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. A Song Of Nature B. A Rhyme Of Kindness C. A Tune Of Happiness D. A Symphony Of Harmony Passage 4 （2025·江苏·高一下期中）Henan TV show explores the essence of Qingming culture Qingming is both a solar term and a traditional festival, marked by customs such as tomb-sweeping, spring outings, and offering blessings. It embodies the vitality of spring, the renewal of hope, and the cycle of life itself. Premiering tonight at 19:30 on Henan TV, 2025 Adventures on Qingming Festival offers a poetic interpretation of this timeless tradition. Featuring an exceptional lineup, the show will deliver a breathtaking audiovisual experience, guiding audiences through a threefold journey of life, memory, and nature — an emotional resonance that transcends time and space. Inspired by the “Three Phenological Signs of Qingming”, an ancient Chinese observation of seasonal transitions, the program weaves these natural changes into its narrative. Through a blend of modern and traditional performances, the festival’s cultural depth is reimagined in a cinematic and philosophical light. The dance performance A Dream of the Enchanted Melody unfolds in three chapters — Emergence, Rhythm, and Eternity — symbolizing the rebirth of spring and the journey of life. At its heart is a mythical, melodious bird, long dormant in Dunhuang murals, awakening to spring’s arrival. Dressed in flowing green, the dancers bridge ancient Buddhist wisdom with earthly renewal, embodying the revival of all living things. The untamed energy of spring, vividly captured by renowned author Shi Tiesheng, bursts to life in Cocoon-Break, a dynamic street dance showcase. Blending the rhythmic intensity of street dance with the precision of Wing Chun martial arts, the performance embodies the fusion of tradition and modernity, illustrating how the essence of Chinese culture thrives in the vitality of a new generation. A youthful, electrifying anthem, Sunflower sets the stage ablaze with pure energy. A teenage rock band, guided by teacher Gu Ya’s childlike sincerity and aunt Maizi’s free-spirited optimism, delivers a performance that blooms with courage and passion. Their music encourages all to embrace life with brightness, cherish everyday moments, and pursue dreams fearlessly. Blending creativity with dynamic visuals, Seeking Blossoms by the Riverside offers a play ful folk-style skit. Traditional-style blogger Chen Xiyue, appearing as a flower girl, and delivery boy Song Xiaoge step into history, offering flowers — and inspiration — to legendary artists. Through a lighthearted, playful narrative, the performance unveils the untold stories behind artistic masterpieces, celebrating the timeless lineage of Chinese art. The Chinese-style dance Roaming Youth provides an immersive glimpse into poet Bai Juyi’s reflective twilight years. Adapted in part from Looking for Him in the Crowd, an epic poetry and art drama, the performance balances lyrical grace with rhythmic strength. Against the backdrop of ancient tea rituals — roasting, storing, water selection, and brewing — young dancers bring Qingming’s tea culture to life. The performance opens with a dramatic narration by Xu Tao, a national first-class actor and renowned reciter, unfurling like a vivid scroll painting of spring’s renewal. 1. What can we know about the 2025 Adventures on Qingming Festival? A. It is going to be relayed by Henan TV at 19:30 on the day before Qingming. B. It is presented through a blend of modern and traditional singing. C. It intends to deliver a breathtaking and nice audiovisual savoring. D. It is inspired and edited by the “Three Phenological Signs of Qingming”. 2. What does the dance Cocoon-Break uniquely combines street dance with? A. Traditional tea ceremonies. B. Wing Chun martial arts. C. Legendary poetry recitals. D. Historical scroll paintings. 3. What does the phrase “timeless lineage of Chinese art” in Seeking Blossoms by the Riverside refers to? A. The preservation of artistic masterpieces across generations. B. The resounding and excellent modern adaptations of folk tales. C. The technical skills of young dancers who would act out it. D. The popularity and demand of flower-themed performances. 4. What is the primary purpose of Henan TV’s 2025 Adventures on Qingming Festival? A. To promote tourism and economy during spring outings. B. To unfurl like a vivid scroll painting of spring’s fall-down. C. To reinterpret Qingming culture through artistic innovation. D. To showcase competitive performances among competent artists. Passage 5 （2025·江苏镇江·高一下期中）I did my first marathon at 25. I’d taken up running to get fit and thought I’d give it a try. However, I started too fast, found it very painful and struggled to finish. Then, seven years ago, when I was 43, I went to talk with someone who had just done the Sahara Desert race. I felt so inspired and promised I would run it, too. A year later, I completed 24-hour ultra-marathon in the Namibian desert, I wondered what on earth I could do next. My father, a former soldier, had just died of cancer and I wanted to gather fund (资金) for a soldiers charity in his memory. There are 66 cities in the UK so I came up with a challenge — a 50 km marathon in each city, no rest days in between. On the first day, I ran for around six to seven hours, eating along the way to get more energy. On day two, I tore my right Achilles tendon (跟腱). I slowed my pace and thought about the soldiers’ charity I was doing the run for. It was nothing compared with some of their injuries. Then, on day 26, it got worse. I couldn’t bear even the light touch of an ice cube. I had to walk through the day, which took almost 11 hours. I kept telling myself I couldn’t fail. If I quit, the pain would have stopped, but I knew I would regret it for the rest of my life. On May 20 I finished, four days after my 50th birthday. It’s been a long progression from being an unfit slacker (懒散的人) to where I am now. I have a better body now than at any point in my life. Anyone can do this, I’m not a superhuman. I’m just determined, and I have the next thing planned already. 1. How was the author’s first marathon? A. He didn’t finish it. B. He didn’t do it well. C. He got hurt halfway. D. He fell in love with it. 2. What was the writer’s purpose of running marathons in the UK? A. To raise money for a charity. B. To create a new world record. C. To prepare for a marathon race. D. To push himself to reach the goal. 3. What does the author think is the most important quality he has? A. Kindness. B. Curiosity. C. Bravery. D. Determination. 4. What can be the best title for the text? A. Never Stop Running B. Running Makes Success C. Being Prepared for Running D. Running for a Better Future 话题3 历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （2025·河北沧州·高一下期中）In recent years, I have tried to appreciate younger artists such as Doja Cat, Lil Nas X and Sabrina Carpenter, but songs from the 2000s hold a special place in my heart and mind. As I see other generations of music lovers say music was so much better when they were younger, I wondered why. We can’t all be right—or maybe we are, I talked to experts about how music influences our brains to find out. “It’s not that music was better when we were younger, it’s that music brings out very, very strong emotions,” said Dr. Rita Aiello, a music psychologist at New York University. “Music is a very strong reminder of things that happened in our past.” But why does music hold such power? “Music is episodic (情景性的),” said Dr. Robert Cutietta, a professor of music at the University of Southern California. “If you look at an artwork or something, you can look at it and leave, Music is over time. There’s a part of our brain called episodic memory—that’s where it goes.” The feelings connected to music during our younger years create a strong, lasting connection, with both happy and sad emotions mixing together when we listen to a song. What if you see the 1970s and 1980s as the best, time for real music, even though every decade has some high- or low-quality songs? It may be because you’re remembering the songs that were meaningful to you and forgetting the ones that weren’t. “There are situations that made certain songs special to you, and the memories of those situations will come back when you hear the songs,” Aiello said. “Every era has some songs that are not of high quality but still become huge hits,” Cutietta said. “They’re still there somewhere in our memory, but we choose not to pull those up. Naturally, we tend to pull up the songs we like.” 1. Why do people prefer music from their youth according to experts? A. New music lacks creativity. B. Today’s songs have a really quick beat. C. It can connect their feelings with the past. D. It always brings out happy emotions. 2. Why does Cutietta mention an artwork in paragraph 4? A. To make a comparison. B. To lead in the topic. C. To give a warning. D. To offer a suggestion. 3. What does the author say about music from different times? A. The 1970s and 1980s had the worst music. B. The 2000s is the only time with good music. C. Each decade has a mix of good and bad songs. D. Bad music from the 1980s has become popular today. 4. What does the underlined word “those” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Pop singers. B. Bad experiences. C. Favourite songs. D. Popular but low-quality songs. Passage 2 （2025·河北石家庄·高一下期中）Scientist Yan Ning of the Chinese Academy of Sciences received the 2024 L’Oréal-UNESCO for Women in Science International Award for the Asia-Pacific region in Paris on Tuesday. The Awards, established by the L’Oréal Corporate Foundation and UNESCO in 1998, aims to improve the position of women in science by recognizing outstanding women researchers who have contributed to scientific progress in life sciences or physical sciences, mathematics, and computer science. Each year, the award recognizes one woman from each of the world’s five broad regions: Asia and the Pacific, Africa and the Arab States, Latin America and the Caribbean, Europe, and North America. Yan, professor at the School of Life Sciences at Tsinghua University, was recognized for her research in structural biology (生物学) that has helped explain multiple disorders and guided the treatment of complex pain condition. “Our goal is to broaden the boundaries of human knowledge,” Yan said in an interview published by UNESCO. “Through cutting-edge technologies, my work has developed from exploring cell activities to accurately identifying potentially effective health treatments. Ultimately, I aim to use science to understand the universe and to study the origins of life.” UNESCO said that as a leading authority in her field, “Yan inspires female scientists globally and is a strong advocate for gender (性别) equality in research and science education”. “The path to becoming a female scientist may be challenging, but it is not enough to stop you from moving forward. So, be brave and be yourself,” Yan said in her acceptance speech. Since 2015, she has been organizing annual forums for female scientists. “We must establish gender equality and establish more female role models”, Yan said. According to UNESCO data, women make up just a third of the global research workforce, and only a quarter of the senior scientific positions in Europe are held by women. Audrey Azoulay, director general of UNESCO, said, “The world needs science, and science needs women.” 1. What do we know about the L’Oréal-UNESCO for Women in Science International Award? A. It is awarded to scientists across all scientific fields. B. It aims to inspire female scientists across the world. C. It usually recognizes one woman scientist each year. D. It was launched by the L’Oréal Corporate Foundation. 2. Why did Yan Ning win the award? A. She has cured numerous patients. B. She advocated for women in science. C. She advanced structural biology research. D. She explained the origin of complex pain. 3. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Yan’s goal: expand knowledge. B. The origin of the universe. C. The significance of healthcare. D. The objectives of science. 4. What does Yan stress most in her acceptance speech? A. The threat of gender inequality. B. The impact of female role models. C. Challenges female scientists face. D. The bravery women scientists need. Passage 3 （2025·湖南长沙·高一下期中）When I was young, I loved paper cutting and I was pretty good at it. As I grew up, I became busy and didn’t have much time for it. Later, I stopped doing it. However, the news I came across online touched my heart and changed my mind. A little girl from Jieyang, Guangdong was practicing lion dance when a professional lion dance performance team (专业舞狮表演队) passed by. As soon as they saw the girl practicing, they started to beat drums and gongs for her and quickly she did a lion dance in return. People around all cheered for her. Her love for the ancient Chinese culture evoked my strong memories of paper cutting. I remembered the happy times of making paper cuttings with my teacher and friends in the club. When I was ten, I joined the paper cutting club. Every Monday and Friday, I learned to make paper cuttings there. Our teacher, Ms. Li, was very talented. With a pair of scissors and a piece of paper, she could create lively works (作品). That amazed us. And we learned much from her. Together, we created lots of works. They covered many topics, including animals, flowers and things about Chinese history. Every time we held a paper cutting show, our works attracted many visitors. The girl in the news encouraged me to go on with paper cutting. I want to be an inheritor (继承者) of the ancient Chinese culture. Together with other inheritors, I hope to pass down our excellent culture. 1. What did the girl do after the team began to beat drums and gongs for her? A. She watched their show carefully. B. She did a lion dance in return. C. She cheered for the team. D. She made a paper cutting for the team. 2. The underlined word “evoked” means “ ” in Paragraph 2. A. brought back B. took away C. cut off D. depended on 3. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. The long history of paper cutting. B. The steps of making paper cuttings. C. The writer’s happy times of making paper cuttings. D. The writer’s plans for setting up a paper cutting club. 4. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The writer wasn’t good at paper cutting at a young age. B. Now the writer practices paper cutting twice a week. C. The writer hopes to be an inheritor of paper cutting. D. After watching the news, the writer decided to learn lion dance. Passage 4 （2025·湖南·高一下期中）In the UK, there are about 12 million people suffering with hearing loss, and approximately 6.7 million could benefit from hearing aids. However, only about 2 million people use them. People with hearing loss may feel hearing aids are meant only for older people. They can feel a sense of embarrassment, ageing and lack of confidence when wearing them. Besides, some people have no confidence in hearing aids and believe they will not help, or will even make their hearing worse. Individuals sometimes believe they will be dependent on their hearing aids, thus choosing not to use them out of desire for independence. Therefore, people with hearing loss may turn to coping mechanisms such as excessively(过度地)turning the volume up on their TVs. In the UK, patients with hearing loss can obtain hearing aids free of charge through National Health Service(NHS). However, the choice of style, manufacturer and level of technology may be limited and can also involve lengthy waiting lists. There are a greater number of hearing aid options available in the private sector but these can sometimes be expensive, which can be a prohibitive factor for individuals. There are some negative perspectives about hearing aids, such as the appearance. Many people have the idea that hearing aids are huge and noticeable. However, there are many different types of hearing aids such as invisible ones in ear canals. The hearing aid selection is discussed with each individual at their hearing assessment, and the correct hearing aids are selected according to their level of hearing loss. There have been other advancements in technology such as rechargeable hearing aids. There is now wireless connectivity in many hearing aids, which enables hearing aids to be connected to mobile devices, tablets and televisions, allowing direct audio streaming into hearing aids. Undoubtedly, wearing hearing aids is very beneficial for well-being, allowing individuals to interact with others and hear better. All of the advancements in technology in the future mean the functionality and comfort of hearing aids will greatly increase, considerably improving the quality of life for more people with hearing loss. 1. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. What people with hearing loss should do. B. How older people respond to hearing aids. C. Why some people avoid using hearing aids. D. Whether hearing aids will affect independence. 2. Which of the following may prevent people getting hearing aids from NHS? A. The cost can be higher. B. Patients may have to wait for long. C. Many people have no access to the related policy. D. Some private sectors get hearing aids in advance. 3. What is mainly considered during the hearing aid selection process? A. The cost of the hearing aids. B. The individual’s personal preference. C. The individual’s specific hearing loss. D. The appearance of the hearing aids. 4. What can we expect of the hearing aids in the future? A. They will be connected to more devices. B. They will be made smaller and more fashionable. C. They will enable users to interact more with others. D. They will provide high-quality and better service for users. Passage 5 （2025·湖南·高一下期中）Ask most folks who came up with the theory of evolution (进化), and they’ll tell you it was Charles Darwin. In fact, Alfred Russel Wallace, another British naturalist, was a co­-discoverer of the theory — though Darwin has gotten most of the credit. Actually, Wallace outlived Darwin by 17 years, long enough to see evolutionary theory gain acceptance. Wallace developed his most important ideas about natural selection during an eight-­year expedition (探险) to what was then the Dutch East Indies — modern­-day Indonesia — to observe wildlife and collect specimens (标本). Few places on earth can match this region’s tremendous diversity of plant and animal life. Wallace collected more than 100,000 insect, bird and animal specimens, which he gave to British museums. By 1855, Wallace had come to the conclusion that living things evolve. But he didn’t figure out how until one night three years later. He was on the island of Halmahera, ill with a fever, when it came to him: Animals evolve by adapting to their environment. As soon as he could, Wallace wrote his theory down in a nine-­page paper, says Tony Whitten, a Wallace expert. “He sent that to Darwin, as an older mentor (导师), if you like, to have a peer review before publication” Whitten says. Darwin had reached the same conclusion years earlier, and Wallace’s letter inspired him to act. The two men published a joint paper in 1858, arguing the theory of evolution and natural selection. It shook mankind’s assumptions about its origins. The following year, Darwin published his book On the Origin of Species and rose to fame. Over time, however, Wallace faded from the public memory. 1. How did Wallace develop his ideas about natural selection? A. By travelling around the world. B. By studying specimens in the museums. C. By researching wild animals and plants. D. By debating with other scientists. 2. Why did Wallace send his paper to Darwin? A. To claim authorship of the study. B. To ask for financial support. C. To challenge Darwin’s opinion. D. To seek feedback before publication. 3. What happened after the joint paper was published? A. People began to doubt their origin. B. The two scientists became well­known. C. Darwin arrived at the same conclusion. D. They immediately co­authored another book. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. The Untold Story of Charles Darwin. B. The Other Man Behind Evolutionary Theory. C. The Development of the Theory of Evolution. D. The Expedition That Changed the World. 话题4 环境保护 Passage 1 （2025·河南名校联考·高一下期中）Camille Stevens-Rumann team planted several different kinds of trees, known as evergreens, two years ago in an area of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado, which burned in a fire in 2020. There are not enough small trees or seeds (种子) from living trees to replace burned trees. Even if there were enough, they say the US does not have the workers to plant and care for them. The Forest Service said the biggest problems they meet while replanting on public land are preparing burned areas, and carrying out environmental and cultural studies to make it safe to plant, which can take years. Stevens-Rumann said, “We’re in a place of such severe climate change that we are not talking about whether or not some of these places will be a different kind of forest, but whether or not they will be forests at all.” In the past, the US was able to replant burned forests. But the researchers say larger, more fires are destroying trees that normally provide seeds. They say the fires leave so large burn injury that trees cannot naturally regrow and that seedling (幼苗) survival is less likely at lower elevations (海拔). It is hotter, drier and more open there. Replanting the same trees in the same areas is likely to fail. The Forest Service rules require planting the same species at the same elevations as before a fire. But it is clear that the organization will need to be adaptable moving forward. For now, that might mean replanting at different elevations or collecting seeds from another place. Over time, researchers say it could require planting trees that are not native to the area. The idea has been argued but is gaining support. “I’ve seen people go from saying, ‘Absolutely, we cannot move trees around’to, ‘Well, let’s... maybe let’s try it at least, and do a few experiments to see if this will work,’” said Stevens-Rumann. The Forest Service is modernizing how it grows young trees. It is also studying ways to grow more or work with private industry, states and groups like the New Mexico Reforestation Center. Experts say trees might never return to some areas. But it is important that the US does as much as possible in a thoughtful way. 1. What is one problem in replanting burned forests in the US? A. The burned areas are too large to deal with. B. The Forest Service can't afford the high cost. C. There are a limited number of workers for the job. D. The living trees are too small to survive. 2. What can we know from Stevens-Rumann’s words in paragraph 3? A. Climate change hasn’t been taken seriously. B. The future existence of some forests is somehow in doubt. C. Some places will become a different kind of forest. D. The forests will disappear more quickly in the future. 3. What does the author think of the Forest Service replanting rules? A. Important. B. Acceptable. C. Informal. D. Inflexible. 4. What does the text mainly talk about? A. The successful experience of the US in reforesting the burned areas. B. Reasons and influences of US replanting the burned forests. C. Challenges and solutions in US burned-area reforestation. D. The common occurrence of wild fires in the US. Passage 2 （2025·湖北·高一下期中）Protecting tropical forests is essential for preserving the biodiversity and ecosystem functions. However, their destruction is happening at an alarming rate to make way for crops. After these lands are short of nutrients they’re abandoned, which can lead to the natural regrowth of the forest that was once there. The finding suggests that so-called recovered forests, also known as secondary forests, could play a key role in restoring ecosystems. To better understand this process, Lourens Poorter at Wageningen University and his colleagues analyzed 77 secondary forest sites across the tropical regions of Central and South America, and in West Africa. These sites were all at various stages of regrowth — for example, some were 20 years old, and others were 120. The team contrasted each secondary forest with nearby old-growth forest — forests that haven’t had major disturbance. The more similar the secondary forests were to their neighboring old-growth forests reasoned the researchers, the more they had recovered. The team found that after 20 years, the average secondary forest that had grown from farmland that was used with low to medium intensity (强度) had recovered 78% of old-growth forest attributes (属性). ‌“It goes way faster than we thought,” says Poorter. But the researchers found significant discrepancy between the recovery time for the different forest attributes. Soils were the quickest to bounce back, with most recovery happening within 10 years. It took 25 — 60 years for plant species diversity to recover. Despite the enormous amount of deforestation (伐林) that has and continues to occur, there’s hope that these forests can bounce back naturally, says Poorter. Secondary forests currently make up over 28% of tropical forests in Central and South America, and are important for locking up carbon which is important to deal with climate change. In addition, they attract mammals, birds and insects back to the area, which is important for ecosystem restoration. 1. Why are the once-farmed forests deserted? A. Due to their poor soil quality. B. Due to the forest’s natural regrowth. C. Due to the preservation of ecosystems. D. Due to the need of making way for crops. 2. How did the researchers conduct the study? A. By learning more about forest attributes. B. By detecting threats to secondary forests. C. By measuring the recovery of secondary forests. D. By understanding the process of restoring ecosystems. 3. What does the underlined word “discrepancy” in Para. 5 mean? A. Difference. B. Dependence. C. Contrast. D. Link. 4. Which one is NOT the contributing factor of the forest recovery? A. The intensity of being used. B. The frequency of deforestation. C. The category of forest attributes. D. The similarity to the nearby primary forests. Passage 3 （2025·湖南·高一下期中）Denmark, known for its inventive restaurants and elegant design studios, is about to become known for something more basic: the world’s first tax on animal farts (屁) and burps (打嗝) — farmers have to pay for the gases from their animals. There are five times as many pigs and cows in Denmark as there are people. Nearly two-thirds of its land is taken up by farming. And agriculture is becoming its largest share of climate pollution, putting lawmakers (立法者) under great public strain to reduce it. So now, the government has agreed to tax the planet-heating emissions that all those animals expel through their farts and burps. This tax had a hard time passing. Experts suggested different ways, including a higher tax that the farmers didn’t like. Also, the government’s plan to give farmers time and money to lower the tax wasn’t supported by environmentalists for being too easy. But finally, the tax passed, making it the only such tax on livestock in the world. Starting in 2030, farmers will be charged 300 Danish kroner(about $43) for each ton of CO₂-equivalent (等量) they produce. By 2035, the tax will be more than double. Some companies and farmers support the tax. Arla Foods, a big dairy (生产乳品的) company, said its farmers can accept it. Svend Brodersen, an organic farmer, who has ripped out part of the croplands and planted trees that absorb CO₂ and vegetables, supports the tax and thinks it can show the world that farming doesn’t have to be so polluting. He said, “Without a tax, everyone will do the same tomorrow as they did yesterday.” A bigger, more difficult problem appears: Will Denmark continue to turn over so much of its land to cows and pigs? Mr. Brodersen is weighing this himself. He expects to use a larger share of his land to grow more plants for human consumption, and a smaller share for dairy. “You need cows in nature,” he said. “But you have to find a balance between how much for milk and how much for vegetables.” 1. Which is closest in meaning to “strain” in paragraph 2? A. Control. B. Pressure. C. Leadership. D. Discussion. 2. Which of the following was a reason for the tax having a hard time passing? A. The government’s not wanting to pass it. B. The farmers’ thought that the tax was too easy. C. Farmers’ being against the higher-tax proposal. D. Environmentalists’ not suggesting any good ways. 3. What can we infer from the fact that some companies and farmers support the tax? A. They have no choice but to accept the tax due to government pressure. B. They see potential benefits or positive changes connected with the tax. C. They think they can rip out the croplands and plant trees and vegetables. D. They believe the tax will immediately solve the climate pollution problem. 4. What might happen in Denmark in the future according to the passage? A. The tax on animal emissions will be called off. B. People will give up eating meat and dairy products. C. Denmark will have more dairy products than needed. D. The amount of land used for dairy farming may decrease. Passage 4 （2025·湖南·高一下期中）In Hungary, every few months, a group of volunteers gather for the Plastic Cup, a competition where teams go up against each other to collect as much rubbish as possible. “The name comes from the American Cup, a famous boat race,” said the Plastic Cup’s project manager, Gergely Hankó, adding, “We have many volunteers, including companies and decision-makers. Everybody is forming the team.” The most recent Plastic Cup meeting was held on Hungary’s Lake Tisza and the Tisza River, the Danube’s longest tributary (支流). Besides huge amounts of plastic like bottles, volunteers often fish out metal cans, tyres, batteries and so on. Around 150 volunteers joined this cleanup, with one participant noting, “It’s always good fun and we’re making friends and having fun while doing good.” Nearly half of Earth’s surface waters are in river basins shared by at least two countries. These support around 40% of the world’s population. “Unluckily, there’s much pollution in every river globally. The Danube transfers 1,500 tons of plastic, the Tisza around 250 tons, and we can stop 100 tons per year,” Gergely said when stressing the broader impact of the Plastic Cup project. This year’s cleanup on the Tisza River also falls on Danube Day, a yearly event held across several European countries to mark the signing of the Danube River Protection Convention. “What we can do is to collect and remove plastic rubbish from the Tisza River and its tributaries, and we also have a monitoring system to keep the pollution under observation,” said Örs Antal from Hungary’s General Directorate of Water Management. “The situation has improved a lot, which is good news, but a step towards a permanent measure would be whether we could strengthen international cooperation.” Agreeing with the opinion, Gergely said more cooperation would be needed between countries that share surface waters. “We need everybody to clean up the Tisza basin and the Danube basin,” he said. “Every country has to develop its Extended Producer Responsibility system and its Deposit Return system. Then you have to deal with the producers, work on eco-design, reduce the packaging, and reduce the generated rubbish.” 1. How can the participants benefit from the competition? A. Have a larger social circle. B. Obtain more survival skills. C. Be better at making decisions. D. Learn a rich knowledge of teamwork. 2. Why are the numbers mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To draw more attention to the Tisza. B. To indicate the necessity for the project. C. To show the popularity of the competition. D. To stress the shortage of the water resource. 3. What does the Hungarian government probably do in order to protect the Danube river? A. Organize daily cleanup activities. B. Establish their own Danube Day. C. Force companies to pick up rubbish. D. Watch the pollution through a device. 4. What is necessary for a lasting solution to river pollution according to Gergely? A. Increasing the number of volunteers. B. Setting up more environmental events. C. Strengthening international partnerships. D. Reducing the cost of cleanup operations. Passage 5 （2025·江苏·高一下期中）During summer in the early 1980s, a strange underwater noise troubled houseboat owners in Sausalito, California. People living on houseboats had guessed that there might be army-related actions or underwater ships. But when the mystery was finally solved in 1985, the truth was perhaps even more surprising, because of the noise that is “almost deafening” and sounds like coming from machines, it’s the male toadfish (蟾鱼) that are searching for their mates. Scientists and fishermen have long known toadfish and a few other fish species to be rather talkative. But new research shows that the ability to make sound is a far more widespread feature among fish. “What our study tells is that with fish sound production being widespread, it begins to change the way we consider the sounds of the ocean,” says Aaron Rice. Rice and his coauthors found that fish’s ability to make noise had independently developed at least 33 times within the class of fish. This tells us, says Rice, how “important” sound communication might be for fish, “and that there is a very strong selection pressure to use sound.” That is, factors like the availability of food have meant that, for many species, fish that could produce sound stood a better chance of survival. The new study raises some concerning questions. If sound communication is so important for fish, then, says Rice, “the widespread range of human noise pollution in the oceans may actually have some serious consequences on them.” A 2018 review of studies into human-caused underwater noise pollution records a long list of harm done to fish species, including avoidance of important habitats, higher death rates, and poor growth rates. To take a specific example, when exposed to boat noise, toadfish struggle to communicate and find mates, limiting reproduction and potentially affecting entire populations. Currently, there is no international rule on ocean noise pollution. “The new evidence of fish sound communication being a common feature could be important for increasing rule of noise.” says Miyoko Sakashita, who works for better law-making protections for underwater life. 1. What can be learned about the sound of male toadfish? A. It changed rapidly from time to time. B. It helped fishermen learn to catch fish. C. It sounded like coming from engines. D. It caused wars among houseboat owners. 2. What did Rice and his team find from their study? A. Fish sound production is quite common. B. Toadfish have developed hundreds of times. C. Biological diversity allows fish to survive. D. Many fish species share a common language. 3. Why does the author give the example of toadfish in paragraph 4? A. To show noise pollution can do harm to sea fish species. B. To prove an increasing number of fish species are endangered. C. To stress humans are causing more underwater noise pollution. D. To explain how fish adapt themselves to polluted environments. 4. What is Sakashita’s attitude to Rice’s new research? A. Curious. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Supportive. 话题5 自然生态 Passage 1 （2025·江苏·高一下期中）Honey from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees’ nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper — a little bird called a honey guide. The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax in the beehives(蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees’ nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share. Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit. 1. Why is it difficult to find a wild bees’ nest? A. It’s small in size. B. It’s hidden in trees. C. It’s covered with wax. D. It’s hard to recognize. 2. What do the words “the follower” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A bee. B. A bird. C. A honey seeker. D. A beekeeper. 3. The honey guide is special in the way ________. A. it gets its food B. it goes to church C. it sings in the forest D. it reaches into bees’ nests 4. What can be the best title for the text? A. Wild Bees. B. Wax and Honey. C. Beekeeping in Africa. D. Honey-Lover’s Helper. Passage 2 （2025·江苏连云港·高一下期中）When photojournalist Jasper Doest arrived in the Transylvanian Alps to record the coexistence of humans and wildlife for his film, he planned on shooting in the forest of the Southern Carpathian woods. “It’s a beautiful mountain landscape with the forests — a very wild place,” says Doest. Instead, he found a story on the side of the road — he got up close and personal with a group of bears begging (乞求) for food. While Doest drove on a mountain pass, the bears were hanging around on the roadside. So he stopped and rolled down his window to observe them, but a large brown bear headed directly for the vehicle and made his move, waiting for a tasty treat. “This is the shot,” thought Doest. He forced his fingers to press the button, getting six shots — one clear, five unclear. Then he realized just how close he’d been to the animal and its possible dangers. The region’s brown bears are usually shy around people. It takes just a few meals for them to get hooked on (迷上) human food. And, after that, they don’t stay wild long. They begin to depend on humans for existence. He met a tourist who proudly told him she’d been feeding bears on the roadside in the conservation area. “It was the saddest thing, " he says. "It made us realize why the bears had completely changed their behavior.” In the days that followed Doest saw other examples of how tourists’ handouts had changed the delicate ecosystem they were visiting. He realized the story of conservation in the region was as much about people as wildlife. “It’s about how to accept nature in our lives,” he says. So don’t feed the bears, says Doest — you could save an animal’s life, and a community’s commitment to wildlife conservation, along the way. 1. Why did Doest go to the Transylvanian Alps? A. To go hunting. B. To interview visitors. C. To go travelling. D. To prepare for his film. 2. What can we infer about Doest from paragraph 2? A. He was not afraid of bears. B. He was impatient with the bear. C. He was not good at taking pictures. D. He was nervous and excited when shooting. 3. What effect will humans’ feeding bring to the brown bears? A. They become dependent on humans. B. They have a higher risk of getting ill. C. They are likely to become humans’ pets. D. They tend to attack people more for food. 4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To promote his new documentary. B. To call on people not to feed wildlife. C. To record his encounter with bears D. To attract more visitors to help bears. Passage 3 （2025·江苏南京·高一下期中）Many digital characters we call emojis describe the natural world. Yet the emoji tree of life is imbalanced, according to a study published recently in the journal iScience. Researchers analyzing the comprehensive Emojipedia (表情图标百科) found that vertebrate (脊椎的) animals are heavily favored over all other types of life, while plants are hardly featured at all — and some branches of biodiversity are missing entirely. The study authors suggest that these gaps could influence digital communication about protection and biology. Emojis are an increasingly large part of human communication, and it’s worth examining the holes, says Sanjaya Wijeratne, a computer scientist who has studied emoji meaning and use. “The paper asks a virtual question,” he says, noting that past research suggests that including emojis in social media posts can boost positive engagement. Some emojis could help to promote perception of certain biological classifications (分类) online, Wijeratne suggests. But emojis come with costs, says Jennifer Lee, a current member of the nonprofit Unicode Consortium’s Emoji Subcommittee, which is responsible for shaping international emoji standards. Every additional emoji requires storage space and adds to keyboard clutter. New emojis must be carefully considered and meet standards of use frequency. Study co-author Gentile Francesco Ficetola, a biologist at University of Milan, isn’t advocating for every species to get its cartoon version. Instead, he and his colleagues suggest increasing virtual representation by adding just three new emojis that would significantly boost diversity: a flatworm, a water bear and a starfish. But Lee doesn’t think any of these will make the cut soon. She even previously advocated for a starfish emoji, whose uses proved too limited. “I tried,” she says. “And it’s pretty, but that’s it.” Despite the difficulty of expanding emojis, big advances in emoji biodiversity have already been made. The number of animal types more than doubled between 2015 and 2022, according to the study, which was a pleasant surprise for Ficetola. “My personal feeling is that we have a better understanding of biodiversity now, emoji included,” he says. “Still, we can always do better.” 1. What do we know about emoji describing nature? A. They’re limited in variety. B. They’re favored by vertebrate animals. C. They’re insufficient in number. D. They’re used to protect the ecosystem. 2. What does the author imply in paragraph 3? A. Social media urge posters to use positive emojis. B. Emojis broaden users’ knowledge of species. C. Emojis are a popular daily topic. D. Holes are typical of emojis. 3. Which best explains the phrase “make the cut” in paragraph 5? A. Come into use. B. Get across. C. Spring to mind. D. Stay still. 4. How does Ficetola think about the expansion of emojis? A. Challenging. B. Unclear. C. Hopeless. D. Optimistic. Passage 4 （2025·江苏泰州·高一下期中）Loneliness is significant mental health concern and can raise risk of death by 45% and contact with nature in cities significantly reduces feelings of loneliness, according to a team of scientists. The study is the first to assess how the environment can affect loneliness. It used real-time data, collected via a smartphone app, rather than relying on people’s memory of how they were feeling. The research found that feelings of overcrowding increased loneliness by an average of 30%. But when people were able to see trees or hear birds, feelings of loneliness fell by 28%. Feelings of social inclusion also cut loneliness by 21％ and when these feelings coincided(巧合) with contact with nature, the beneficial effect was boosted by a further 18％. The findings pointed to interventions to reduce loneliness. The researchers said, “Specific measures that increase social inclusion-and contact with nature should be taken, especially in thickly populated cities.” Time spent in nature is known to boost well-being, with woodland walks estimated to save the UK at least ￡185m a year in mental health costs, for example. The research collected data from urban citizens across the world using the Urban Mind search app. More than 750 people provided 16,600 of these assessments. The participants were self-selecting and so it did not provide a representative sample of the wider populations. But when the researchers took age, education, and occupation into account, the benefits of nature contact and feelings of social inclusion on loneliness remained strongly statistically significant. Johanna Gibbons, part of the research team, said, “Cities are probably the only habitat that is increasing at a high rate. So we should be creating urban habitats where people can thrive(兴旺).” 1. How was the research conducted? A. By relying on people’s memory. B. By surveying 750 paricipants. C. By collecting data through a smartphidoapp. D. By checking a worldwide representative ample. 2. What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A. Many big cities take the lead in the research. B. Time spent indoors improves people’s well-being. C. Woodland walks greatly reduce social contact with people. D. Interventions to reduce loneliness benefit the UK financially. 3. What ean be inferred about the research? A. The findings are statistically markable. B. It offers a wide range of samples globally. C. The carefully selected participants are Defiable. D. Many factors are considered except eduction. 4. What’s the text mainly about? A. The mental problems of living in big cities. B. Reducing loncliness in cities via contact with nature. C. Developing urban habitats at a high speod. D. Research on how to get rid of loneliness in nature. Passage 5 The concentric circles (同心圆状斑点), also known as eyespots on butterfly, not only look like real eyes but may also appear to glare directly at predators (捕食者) from many directions, scientists have found. This visual illusion, called the “Mona Lisa effect”, could scare would-be attackers and buy the insects enough time to escape. Scientists suspect that eyespots, with dark “pupils (瞳孔)” in the center look like real eyes to predators. Hannah Rowland, an ecologist at the Max Planck Institute wanted to see if the direction of this fake gaze contributed to the effect. First, Rowland and her co-author trained chicks to attack a worm hidden behind a paper printout of two eyespots at the end of a path. When the eyespots’ pupils were specifically pointed in the chicks’ direction, the birds repeatedly ran toward the paper and then backed away, and they waited a few minutes before attacking. But when the pupils instead appeared to look away from the direction of the chicks’ approach, the birds attacked in seconds. Centrally located pupils, though not as effective as ones that stared directly at the chicks, resulted in longer delays than pupils that looked the other way. “This suggests that they really are paying attention to the direction of the pupils in the eyespots and are perceiving them as eyelike stimulation. The concentric eyespots found most often in the insect world may seem to the chicks like a pair of eyes that follow them regardless of approach angle,” says Rowland. National University of Singapore evolutionary biologist Antonia Monteiro, who was not involved in the research, says the study is a “cool” demonstration of an evolutionary theory for eyespots. “These butterflies can be encountered from all angles, so having the pupil centrally located ends up being pretty good,” Monteiro says. Still, she says, the eyespots used in the study were several millimeters larger than even the largest commonly found in nature, raising the possibility that the chicks may have been extra frightened by the size of the paper eyes. 1. What is the function of eyespots on the butterfly? A. Making them look more beautiful. B. Spotting potential dangers. C. Helping them identify the direction. D. Protecting them from being attacked. 2. How did the chicks react when shown the specifically-pointed eyespots? A. They attacked immediately. B. They turned away in seconds. C. They reacted cautiously. D. They became very excited. 3. What does Monteiro mean in the last paragraph? A. The eyespot is a butterfly’s powerful weapon. B. The experiment needs further proof. C. The study first proposes an evolutionary theory of eyespots. D. Butterflies in nature have small eyespots. 4. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To appeal to readers to preserve butterflies. B. To uncover the hidden biological secret of butterflies. C. To analyze the social behaviour of butterflies. D. To demonstrate the evolutionary theory for eyespots. 话题6 科学与技术 Passage 1 （2025·福建莆田·高一下期中）In the digital age, we rely on technology such as social media in trying to build interesting and varied lives. Social networking sites like Facebook are designed and promoted to make us believe enthusiastically that they are able to open up new experiences for us. There are constant notifications (通知) and updates, urging us to check-in to find out what is new. But if we do not use the technology wisely, we can end up becoming overly attached and trapped in a cycle of social media FOMO, a sign of deeper unhappiness. FOMO, or fear of missing out, is a fear that exciting or interesting events are happening somewhere else and that we are not able to join. People who experience high levels of FOMO have been found to be more likely to give in to urges to write and check text messages while driving, as well as to use Facebook more often directly after waking, while going to sleep and during meals. When it comes to lasting happiness, it is best not to give in to FOMO, but rather to deal with the cycle of desires that fuel it. Hard as it is, we are better off working toward facing the fearful reality that we cannot experience everything we might like than to get caught in a cycle of checking behaviors that only cause anxiety. If we have become used to using social media as part of our attempts at living interesting lives, we must admit that it is not easy to change our approach. But change is almost always worthwhile in the long run. The fact that FOMO is so common in our digital age is a sign that there is something wrong with the way we are pursuing happiness and that we are not as happy as we might think we are. It should warn us that, in our eagerness to use digital technology to try to make ourselves happier, we may unintentionally (无意之中) be bringing on exactly the opposite result. 1. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. The digital age has arrived. B. Sites give netizens useful experiences. C. People have fallen into modern technology. D. Social media are designed to attract public attention. 2. Which of the following could be regarded as social media FOMO? A. Failing to use Facebook. B. Answering a call during shopping, C. Reading text messages on reaching offices. D. Checking Facebook while driving. 3. Why does the author suggest avoiding FOMO? A. To gain long-time happiness. B. To speed the cycle of desires. C. To work much better. D. To reduce fearful reality. 4. What can be learned from the last paragraph? A. Everybody has experienced FOMO. B. Digital technology may make us unhappier. C. Pursuing happiness is a sign of the digital age. D. People may unintentionally get lost in technology. Passage 2 （2025·河北沧州·高一下期中）Titania Jordan, working at Bark Technologies, knows that parents today face a tough challenge: raising kids in a world filled with technology. That’s why she’s devoted to helping them navigate the digital landscape. “Parents need to be aware of what their children are exposed to online,” she stresses. “It’s not just about monitoring; it’s about understanding and leading them through this new world.” Jordan and her team work on developing tools that allow parents to protect their children from the dangers of the Internet. “We help parents filter out things like cyberbullying, inappropriate contents, and even potential attackers,” she explains. The platform sends warnings to parents when it detects something concerning, giving them the power to take action. Jordan believes that education is key. “We need to educate parents about the risks and how to talk to their kids about them,” she says. She often holds classes and talks, explaining why it’s important to talk openly and set good limits on how much technology we use. One of the biggest problems Jordan addresses is the fear of missing out that children experience when they see their friends posting about fun events which they’re not part of. “It’s crucial for parents to help their children understand that social media often shows the best parts, not reality,” she says. “We need to teach them to appreciate real-life experiences rather than comparing themselves to others online.” Jordan also stresses the importance of setting a good example. “Parents should model healthy tech habits,” she advises. “If parents are always on their phones, their kids will follow suit. But if parents show balance, it sends a strong message about the role of technology in our lives.” “Despite the challenges,” Jordan adds, “technology is here to stay, and we just need to ensure it’s used in a way that enriches our children’s lives, not harms them.” 1. What does Jordan suggest parents do when their children use the Internet? A. Offer instruction. B. Turn a blind eye. C. Monitor everything. D. Cut Internet access. 2. What does the underlined phrase “filter out” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Add. B. Remove. C. Keep. D. Mix. 3. How are parents advised to deal with their children’s fear of missing out? A. By asking them to post fun events. B. By showing them social media’s best parts. C. By setting a good example in communicating with teachers. D. By telling them to value reality over online comparisons. 4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Internet Developments and Threats B. A Parent’s Guide in Kids’ Digital World C. Social Media and Mental Health in Teens D. The Impact of Technology on Child Development Passage 3 （2025·河北邯郸·高一下期中）Researchers have used radar (雷达) and other technologies to study a large “star” sand dune (沙丘) in eastern Morocco located in Africa. The team said it was able to get detailed data on how these dunes form and develop. A star dune is named after its shape because it can look like a star when seen from above. These structures are very large and have a hill, or peak, at the top. They have large masses, called arms, spreading out from the peak. Star dunes are shaped by wind and other conditions in the environment. Star dunes are common in deserts and can be found in Africa, the Middle East, China and North America. But scientists say, although there are a lot of star dunes, the formations have not been studied very much so far. The research results recently appeared in the publication Scientific Reports. The scientists said the star dune rises 100 metres above surrounding dunes and is 700 metres wide. The structure contains an estimated five-and-a-half metric tons of sand. The researchers used radar that can “see” underground to look at different elements within the star dune. The science instruments that were used are designed to map all layers within the dunes. They also used a method called luminescence dating to study the age of the dune. This method uses minerals in the sand to estimate when they last received sunlight in an attempt to guess the age of the dune. The researchers estimated the oldest parts of the base of the star dune are about 13, 000 years old. And the dune is moving across the desert at a rate of about 50 centimetres a year. The team noted the star dune experienced the most growth during the past 1, 000 years. Star dunes make up just 10 percent of all dunes in Earth's deserts. They have also been observed on Mars and on Saturn's moon Titan. Earth's largest star dunes are found in western China's Badain Jaran desert. Star dunes also are found in places including the Namib Sand Sea in Namibia, large sand seas in Algeria and Rub’ al Khali in Saudi Arabia. In North America, Great Sand Dunes National Park in Colorado contains a series of them. 1. What is the purpose of Paragraph 2? A. To provide readers with information about star dunes. B. To introduce the locations of sand dunes. C. To show the main structures of sand dunes. D. To tell readers people have little understanding of sand dunes. 2. Why do researchers use luminescence dating? A. To measure the scale of sand dunes. B. To develop minerals inside sand dunes. C. To determine when the sand dune began to form. D. To describe the underlying feature of sand dunes. 3. In which country can you see the biggest star dunes? A. Morocco. B. China. C. Saudi Arabia. D. The USA. 4. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Process of Sand Dune Formation. B. Star Dunes: Wonders in the Desert. C. The Past and Future of Sand Dunes on Earth. D. Researchers Uncover “Secrets” of African Sand Dune. Passage 4 （2025·河南·高一下期中）Checking the weather forecast (预报) doesn’t always help. In British Columbia (BC), as in many coastal regions, forecasting the weather is very difficult. High mountains and narrow channels form wind, trap fog, and cause wet air to bring heavy rain, while extreme tides and fast currents build huge waves. The result is a mixture of dangerous meteorological (气象的) microclimates, where conditions can differ wildly between neighboring channels and across small islands. The problem is that weather models are based on regional weather patterns and don’t account for the large effect of such different landforms. Rain and wind are particularly hard to forecast. High winds bring up waves, making boating much more dangerous for recreational and commercial ships. The Canadian government operates roughly 60 land-based weather stations and buoys (浮标) along the BC coast but they are spread too far apart to catch conditions everywhere. To decide if it’s safe to cast off, then, ship captains are left changing between subscription weather services and free apps. Even ferry captains, responsible for safely carrying hundreds of people between ports have been known to refer to windsurfing message boards to get information. Most users don’t realize that existing weather apps almost all copy the same government forecasts. As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more mainstream, a local company is building a new machine learning-based weather forecasting system to make shipping safer. Since 2017, company has put up more than 60 new weather buoys and sensors to collect additional data about the conditions along main shipping routes. Then it uses the system to process the data. Every 15 minutes, the devices upload real-time wind and wave data to a digital dashboard, some also take 360-degree photos. With as little as nine months of sensor data, the company can use machine learning to pick out patterns in how the weather around the sensor differs from the wider regional forecast. For example, a shallow reef might be extra windy or have larger waves than expected. And on a larger scale, technology giants Google, Microsoft, Huawei, and others are developing AI algorithms (算法) that model and forecast global weather, in some cases more exactly than standard government forecasts. 1. What makes the weather forecast in coastal regions hard? A. The strong wind. B. The various landforms. C. The warm sea water. D. The small number of weather stations. 2. Where does the weather information of BC usually come from? A. Paid weather service. B. Free weather apps. C. The government forecasts. D. The ship captains' experience. 3. What is the local company doing to make shipping safer? A. It is collecting information from other AI companies. B. It is using advanced technology to deal with data. C. It is working with the government to improve weather models. D. It is developing some new apps for ship captains. 4. What can we know about the use of AI in the worldwide weather forecast? A. It is impractical in some regions. B. It is still at the experimental stage. C. It will replace the government forecasts soon. D. It will make the weather forecast more correct. Passage 5 （2025·湖南·高一下期中）When Genentech, a highly influential Swedish medical company, got the license for the lung-treating medicine Vixarelimab from another company, Artificial Intelligence (AI) brought an unexpected discovery: the drug could also be effective in treating inflammatory bowel disease. This vividly shows the amazing potential of AI in the field of drug research and development(R&D). The application of AI in the industry is on an upward tendency. Data (数据) from the Boston Consulting Group shows the number of clinical (临床的) experiments using AI in finding and designing molecules — the key stages of drug R&D — has jumped to 67 in 2023 from only 27 in 2021. AstraZeneca, British drug giant, is a good example of AI’s influence. The company used AI to cut the time for molecule design from years to just months or even weeks. Similarly, London-based GSK has recognized the potential of AI across its entire R&D process. However, the path to fully integrating AI into medical R&D is anything but even. “There is a data problem, a people problem and a bit of a strategy problem,” said Thomas Clozel, CEO and co-founder of Owkin, a Paris-based company that applies AI to medical research. Acquiring data and AI skills is among the key factors medical companies are facing to unlock the technology’s potential. Clozel noted medical companies’ focus on short-term results and their difficulties in attracting and keeping data scientists influence the industry’s embrace of AI. To overcome these problems, medical companies are forming partnerships with AI experts to employ AI technology in their operations. Eli Lilly, Moderna, and Sanofi have joined forces with ChatGPT’s developer, OpenAI. Meanwhile, Novartis and Eli Lilly have teamed up with Isomorphic Labs, a company founded and led by Nobel Prize winner Demis Hassabis and owned by Alphabet. While the application of AI in this field is still at its early stage and may take years to fully realize its potential, medical companies are highly keen to improve the long and costly drug-development process with AI, finally leading to more efficient and effective drug discoveries. 1. According to the article, what did AI discover about Vixarelimab? A. Vixarelimab got the license for drug R&D. B. Vixarelimab is ineffective for lung diseases. C. Vixarelimab has an amazing potential to influence AI. D. Vixarelimab can treat another disease besides lung problems. 2. What can we infer from the change of clinical experiments with AI? A. Medical companies are losing interest in AI. B. AI has not shown advantages in clinical experiments as expected. C. The application of AI in the medical industry is becoming increasingly popular. D. AI has replaced the traditional methods in drug development. 3. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest? A. The way to the medical companies is easy to find with the help of AI. B. The process of using AI in medical R&D is smooth. C. The problems in embracing AI are even bigger for medical industry. D. The journey of applying AI to medical industry is filled with challenges. 4. What does the writer think about the future of AI in the medical industry? A. AI will never be successfully applied in the medical industry. B. Medical companies will stop partnering with the AI experts. C. AI will have great potential in this industry despite all the challenges. D. Drug R&D process will be made longer and more costly with AI. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1 生活与学习 Passage 1 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B Passage 2 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D 4. C Passage 3 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D Passage 4 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. C Passage 5 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 话题2 文学、艺术与体育 Passage 1 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B Passage 2 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A Passage 3 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. D Passage 4 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C Passage 5 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. A 话题3 历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. D Passage 2 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D Passage 3 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C Passage 4 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D Passage 5 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 话题4 环境保护 Passage 1 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C Passage 2 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 4. B Passage 3 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. D Passage 4 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C Passage 5 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 话题5 自然生态 Passage 1 【答案】1 B 2. C 3. A 4. D Passage 2 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A 4. B Passage 3 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. D Passage 4 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B Passage 5 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 话题6 科学与技术 Passage 1 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A 4. B Passage 2 【答案】1 A 2. B 3. D 4. B Passage 3 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D Passage 4 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. D Passage 5 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 4. C 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $