内容正文:
Unit 4 Have fun after class
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
高频易错点03 How引导的感叹句
高频易错点01 who, where 引导的特殊疑问句
高频易错点02 方位介词的用法
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
who, where 引导的特殊疑问句 高频易错点01
(1)当我们想知道某人是谁时,用 who 来进行提问。句型结构为:Who+be+主语?
回答:主语+be+其他。
★被询问的主语为单数时用 is,主语为复数时用 are。
例:①-Who is that boy? -He is my brother.
②-Who are behind the door? -Mike and Sandy.
(2)当我们想知道某人或某物在什么地方时,通常用 where 引导的句子进行提问。
句型结构为:Where+be +主语?
回答使用表示地点的介词短语,如: in the desk、behind the door 等。
★如果询问的是人,则用“He/She is in/on/under ...”来回答;
★如果询问的是物,则用"It's in/on/under..."来回答。
例:①- Where's the book? 书在哪里? - It's on the desk.它在课桌上。
②- Where's your father? 你的爸爸在哪里? - He's in the bedroom.他在卧室里。
易错点提示
who 问身份,单数 is 复数 are,答句人称要匹配
where 问地点,be 动词不重复,答句要用介词短语
单数用 It/He/She,复数用 They,别搞混
小练笔
单项选择题。
( )1.________is my pencil?
A. Where's B. Where C.What
( )2.-________? -It's on the chair.
A. Where's the butterfly B. Is this a robot C.What's this
( )3.-Where are my pencils? -________.
A. It's in my schoolbag B. They're my pencils C. They're over there
( )4.-________are these girls? -________ my friends.
A. Who;She's B. Who;They're C.Where ; She's
( )5.-________ -He is my new classmate.
A. Who's this boy? B. Who are those boys? C.Where are the boys?
( )6.-Where's Yang Ling? -________
A.Behind the tree. B. He's in the classroom. C. She's Yang Ling.
点拨
1. 答案:B解析:句子已有be动词`is`,不需要再用`Where's`(Where is的缩写);询问物品位置用`Where`,`What`用于询问“什么”,不符合语境。
2. 答案:A解析:答句`It's on the chair.`表示地点,因此问句应是询问地点的`Where's the butterfly`;选项B是一般疑问句,选项C是询问“是什么”,均不符合答句逻辑。
3. 答案:C解析:问句主语`my pencils`是复数,答句需用复数代词`They`指代;选项A用`It`指代单数,选项B答非所问,均不符合。
4. 答案:B解析:问句询问“这些女孩是谁”,用`Who`引导;`these girls`是复数,答句用`They're`指代,`She's`用于单数,不符合。
5. 答案:A解析:答句`He is my new classmate.`是单数身份介绍,因此问句用`Who's this boy?`;选项B是复数问句,选项C是询问地点,均不符合。
6. 答案:A解析:问句`Where's Yang Ling?`询问地点,答句需用地点短语回答;选项B人称错误(Yang Ling是女性,不能用`He`),选项C是身份介绍,均不符合。
方位介词的用法高频易错点02
1. in(在……里面)
The book is in the schoolbag. 书在书包里面。
My cat is in the box. 我的猫在盒子里面。
2. on(在……上面)
The apple is on the desk. 苹果在课桌上。
The picture is on the wall 画在墙上。
3. under(在……下面)
The ball is under the bed. 球在床下面。
The dog is under the tree. 狗在树下面。
4. behind(在……后面)
The boy is behind the door. 男孩在门后面。
The cat is behind the sofa. 猫在沙发后面。
5. by / beside(在……旁边)
The school is by the park. 学校在公园旁边。
I sit beside my friend. 我坐在朋友旁边。
易错点提示
★方位介词其后可接名词或代词,在接人称代词时要用人称代词的宾格形式。
Mike sits behind me.麦克坐在我后面。
The ball is under him. 球在他身下。
She stands beside her. 她站在她旁边。
小练笔
选择填空
( )1. A lovely bird is________the tree.
A. on B. in C.at
( )2. The boy is________.
A. on the tree B. behind the tree C. on tree
( )3. Mike sits behind________and I sit behind________.
A. me; you B. I; your C. me; he
连词成句。
4. under, ball, the, bed, the, is (.)
________________________________________________________
5. I, behind, them, sit (.)
________________________________________________________
点拨
1. 答案:B解析:鸟是外来物,不是树本身生长的,用 in the tree;如果是树本身的果实/叶子,才用 `on the tree`。
2. 答案:B解析:`on the tree` 表示“长在树上”,不符合男孩的语境;`behind the tree` 表示“在树后面”,逻辑通顺;`on tree` 是错误搭配。
3. 答案:A解析:介词 `behind` 后面必须接人称代词宾格,`me` 和 `you` 都是宾格;`I`、`your`、`he` 都不是宾格形式,不符合语法规则。
4. The ball is under the bed.解析:先找主语 `the ball`,再找谓语 `is`,最后加上地点状语 `under the bed`。
5. I sit behind them.解析:先找主语 `I`,再找谓语 `sit`,最后加上地点状语 `behind them`(介词 `behind` 后接宾格 `them`)。
How引导的感叹句高频易错点03
句型结构:How+形容词或副词(+主语+谓语) !
感叹句的回答:Thank you.或 Thanks.
How nice your dress is!你的连衣裙多么好看啊!
Thank you.谢谢你。
易错点提示
感叹句除了由 how 引导之外,还可以由 what 来引导。但 how 和 what 的用法不同:
how引导的感叹句中心词为形容词或副词,what引导的感叹句中心词则为名词。
①How tall the boy is! 这个男孩真高啊!
②What a lovely dog!多么可爱的一只狗啊!
③How beautiful a girl she is!=What a beautiful girl she is!她是一个多么漂亮的女孩啊!
小练笔
单项选择
( )1.Look at my new schoolbag! ________ nice!
A. What B. How C.What a
( )2.________ a beautiful butterfly!
A. What B. How C.What a
( )3. ______ a cute cat!
A. What B. How C. What a
( )4. ______ fast the boy runs!
A. What B. How C. What a
点拨
1. 答案:B解析:`nice` 是形容词,符合 How + 形容词 的感叹句结构,所以用 `How`。
2. 答案:A解析:`a beautiful butterfly` 是名词短语,符合 What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词 的感叹句结构,所以用 `What`。
3. 答案:A解析:`a cute cat` 是名词短语,符合 What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词 的感叹句结构,所以用 `What`。
4. 答案:B解析:`fast` 是副词,符合 How + 副词 的感叹句结构,所以用 `How`。
综合训练
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.Look! The bird ______ (be) in the tree.
2.—Where ___ (be) the duck?
—It ___ (swim) in the pond.
3.How ______ (love) the girl is! She has big eyes.
4.Excuse me, where ______ (be) your toy car?
5.Let ______ (I) draw a bee. I like it because it's lovely.
6.—Where's the beautiful butterfly?
—______ (it) in the garden.
7.—What ___ (be) you doing?
—I ___ (look) for my keys.
8.I can see some ______ (butterfly)
9.I can see five ______ (apple) on the table.
10.Our paper _______ (plane) go very far.
二、单项选择
( )11.Bobby ________ here now. ________ is he?
A.isn't; Where B.is; Who C.are not; Where
( )12.—What can you ______?
—A picture ______ the robot!
A.do; of B.draw; off C.draw; of
( )13.—Look! A bird is on the desk.
—______
A.That's all right. B.How lovely! C.Yes, please.
( )14.Look! There is a cat ______ the tree and some mangoes ______ the tree.
A.on; in B.in; on C.in; in
( )15.I sit in front of(前面)Sandy, so he sits behind ______.
A.I B.my C.me
( )16.—Where ______ you?
—I ______ in the classroom.
A.is; am B.are; is C.are; am
( )17.—__________
—It's on the chair.
A.Where's the book? B.What's this? C.Is this a chair?
( )18.—This is a picture of Dazonghu in Yancheng.
—___________ nice!
A.What a B.What C.How
( )19.My toy duck ________ here. Where is ________?
A.is; it B.isn't; it C.not; it's
( )20.—Where's _________ brother?
—_________ in the park.
A.you; I'm B.my; she C.your; He's
三、句型转换
21.The toy dog is on my chair. (改成一般疑问句,并做否定回答)
__________ the toy dog on __________ chair?
No, __________ __________.
22.The ruler is on the desk. (对画线部分提问)
______ ______ the ruler?
23.She can dance after school. (改为否定句)
She ______ ______ after school.
24.I can see some flowers in the garden. (改为一般疑问句)
______ ______ see any flowers in the garden?
25.The cat is behind the tree. (对画线部分提问)
______ ______ the cat?
26.My toy bear is behind the door. (对划线部分提问)
____ is ____ toy bear?
27.The ruler is in the pencil case. (改为否定句)
The ruler ____ ____ in the pencil case.
28.The students are playing outside because it's break time. (对画线部分提问)
______ ______ the students playing outside?
四、选择合适的选项,完成对话。
Bobby: Class is over. Let's play outside.
Sam: 29.______
Bobby: Look at the bird!
Sam: 30.______
Bobby: It's in the tree now.
Sam: 31.______ Do you want to draw a picture?
Bobby: 32.______
Sam: It's time for class.
Bobby: 33.______
A.Yes, I do.
B.Let's go back to the classroom.
C.Good idea!
D.Where's the bird?
E.How lovely!
参考答案
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1. is
解析:主语 `the bird` 是单数,be 动词用 `is`。
2. is; is swimming
解析:问句主语 `the duck` 是单数,be 动词用 `is`;答句“正在池塘游泳”用现在进行时 `is swimming`。
3. lovely
解析:`How + 形容词` 构成感叹句,`love` 的形容词形式是 `lovely`。
4. is
解析:主语 `your toy car` 是单数,be 动词用 `is`。
5. me
解析:`let` 是使役动词,后面接人称代词宾格 `me`。
6. It's
解析:指代单数事物 `the butterfly`,用 `It's`(It is 的缩写)。
7. are; am looking
解析:问句主语 `you` 搭配 be 动词 `are`;答句“正在找钥匙”用现在进行时 `am looking`。
8. butterflies
解析:`some` 后接可数名词复数,`butterfly` 变复数为 `butterflies`。
9. apples
解析:`five` 后接可数名词复数,`apple` 变复数为 `apples`。
10. planes
解析:动词 `go` 是原形,说明主语是复数,`paper plane` 变复数为 `paper planes`。
二、单项选择
11. A
解析:主语 `Bobby` 是单数,否定用 `isn't`;后句问“他在哪里”,用 `Where`。
12. C
解析:`can` 后接动词原形 `draw`;`a picture of...` 表示“……的画”。
13. B
解析:看到可爱的鸟,用感叹句 `How lovely!`(多可爱啊!)回应。
14. B
解析:猫是外来物,用 `in the tree`;芒果是树本身长的,用 `on the tree`。
15. C
解析:介词 `behind` 后接人称代词宾格 `me`。
16. C
解析:问句主语 `you` 搭配 be 动词 `are`;答句主语 `I` 搭配 be 动词 `am`。
17. A
解析:答句是地点,问句用 `Where's the book?`(书在哪里?)。
18. C
解析:`nice` 是形容词,`How + 形容词` 构成感叹句。
19. B
解析:后句问“它在哪里”,说明玩具鸭不在这儿,用 `isn't`;指代单数用 `it`。
20. C
解析:修饰 `brother` 用形容词性物主代词 `your`;指代男性单数用 `He's`。
三、句型转换
21. Is; your; it isn't
解析:原句含 be 动词 `is`,一般疑问句将 `is` 提前;`my` 变 `your`;否定回答用 `it isn't`。
22. Where is
解析:划线部分是地点,用 `Where` 提问,be 动词 `is` 提前。
23. can't dance
解析:情态动词 `can` 的否定形式是 `can't`,后接动词原形 `dance`。
24. Can you
解析:原句含情态动词 `can`,一般疑问句将 `can` 提前;`I` 变 `you`,`some` 变 `any`。
25. Where is
解析:划线部分是地点,用 `Where` 提问,be 动词 `is` 提前。
26. Where; your
解析:划线部分是地点,用 `Where` 提问;`my` 变 `your`。
27. is not
解析:be 动词 `is` 的否定形式是 `is not`。
28. Why are
解析:划线部分是原因,用 `Why` 提问,be 动词 `are` 提前。
四、选择合适的选项,完成对话
29. C(Good idea!)
解析:回应 `Let's play outside.`(我们出去玩吧),用 `Good idea!`(好主意!)。
30. E(How lovely!)
解析:看到鸟,用感叹句 `How lovely!`(多可爱啊!)回应。
31. D(Where's the bird?)
解析:答句 `It's in the tree now.` 是地点,问句用 `Where's the bird?`(鸟在哪里?)。
32. A(Yes, I do.)
解析:回应 `Do you want to draw a picture?`,用 `Yes, I do.` 肯定回答。
33. B(Let's go back to classroom.)
解析:回应 `It's time for class.`(上课时间到了),用 `Let's go back to the classroom.`(我们回教室吧)。
第 1 页 共 14 页
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$