Unit 9 Human Biology Lesson 2,3 Vocabulary 清单-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第三册

Unit 9 Lesson 2, 3 1. nerve n. 神经；气魄；勇气；冒失；厚颜 get on one’s nerves 使心神不定 lose one’s nerve 失去勇气 I was going to have a go at parachuting but lost my nerve at the last minute. keep one’ s nerve 鼓足斗志 He kept his nerve to win the final set 6-4. get a nerve 腆着脸 He’s got a nerve inquiring us for money! He lives on his nerves (= is always worried). v. 鼓足勇气，振作精神 nerve oneself for/ to do 鼓足勇气做某事 He nerved himself to ask her out. nervous adj. 紧张的，的；神经质的 be nervous about/ of 对…紧张 Consumers are extremely nervous about the future. 2. organ n. 器官 lung n．肺 heart（心脏） liver（肝脏）/ˈlɪvə(r)/ kidney（肾脏）/ˈkɪdni/ stomach（胃）/ˈstʌmək/ nerve（神经） tongue（舌头） skin（皮肤） bone（骨骼） muscle（肌肉） blood Vessels（血管）/ˈvesl/ organic adj. 器官的；有机的 Improve the soil by adding organic matter. 3. contain v. 包含，含有，容纳（不用于进行时），防止…蔓延（或恶化），克制，抑制（感情） Supermarkets in the area have been closed in an attempt to contain the epidemic. contain sth 包括某物,含有……成分 Lemons and oranges contain a lot of vitamins which are beneficial to our health. contain oneself 控制自己 Nonetheless he was bursting with curiosity, and one day he just couldn’t contain himself. container n.容器 易混词 区分 contain 侧重于整体内有的成分，也可指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物 include 侧重于被包含者只是整体的一部分，示“包含,连……在内,记入,算入,包括”, 一般用including sb/sth =sb/sth included 4. locate v.找出…的准确位置；把…安置在/建造于… The mechanic located the fault immediately. located adj. 位于… be located in/ at/on… 位于 relocate v.（使）搬迁；迁移 location n. 位置；地点 5. impulse n.冲动；心血来潮 on (an) impulse 心血来潮 The door was open and on (an) impulse she went inside. have an impulse to do 心血来潮做某事 He had a sudden impulse to stand up and sing. 6. zone n. 地区，地带 When the needle enters the red zone, the engine is too hot. comfort zone 舒适圈 v. 指定…为某项用途的区域 zone sth. (for sth.) 将某地划分为… The town center was zoned for office development. zone out 入睡；失去知觉；走神 I just zoned out for a moment. 7. epidemic n.传染病，流行病 Hospitals were already wholly extended as a consequence of the epidemic. pandemic n.全球大流行病 flu n. 流行性感冒 8. variation n. 差异，变动；变体 There are extensive variations caused by diverse academic programmed structures. vary v. 变化；改变 vary in 在…方面不同 The courses vary in content and difficulty. vary with 随…变化而变化 vary from…to…/ vary between…and… 从…到…变化/ 从…到…不等 vary from person/place to person/place 因人/地而异 Sights on this issue vary from person to person. varied adj. 各种各样的 various adj. 各种各样的 variety n. 变体；不同种类；变化 a (wide) variety of 各种各样的 = varieties of The new chairman of the Student Association is devoted to organizing a variety of/various activities，which vary from English Speech Competition to the sports meeting. 9. factor n.因素，要素 (=element) Physical activity is a significant factor in maintaining fitness. 10. officially adv.官方地，正式地 The college is not an officially recognized English language school. official n．官员，高级职员 adj.官方的；正式的；公务的 officer n．官员；军官 office n. 办公室；服务处；要职 11. classify v. 分类；归类 classify…into… 把…分成… Patients are classified into three categories. classify…as… 把…界定为… be classified as 被归类为... Only eleven of these accidents were classified as major. classify...by/according to...根据……将……分类 The books in the library are classified according to subject. classification n. 分类；归类 Garbage classification has become a novel trend in big cities，and we should correspondingly learn to classify rubbish in our daily life. 12. rare adj.稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的 It's extremely rare for it to be this hot in April. rarely adv.罕见地 Rarely have we seen such a rare scene in our lifetime. 13. baseline n.医学或科学中的）基线，准线 You'll need such information to use as a baseline for measuring progress. outline [ˈaʊtlaɪn] n. 大纲 recline [rɪˈklaɪn] v. 倾斜 decline [dɪˈklaɪn] n/v下降 coastline [ˈkoʊstlaɪn] n.海岸线 frontline [ˈfrʌntlaɪn] n.前线 underline [ˈʌndərlaɪn] v/n.下划线 skyline [ˈskaɪlaɪn] n.天际线 guideline [ˈɡaɪdlaɪn] n.指导方针 timeline [ˈtaɪmlaɪn] n.时间线 pipeline [ˈpaɪplaɪn] n.管道 headline [ˈhɛdlaɪn] n.标题 14. opposed adj. 强烈反对的，截然不同的 be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对（做）某事 She remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad. as opposed to (表示对比)而，相对于，与……相反 This exercise advances suppleness as opposed to (= rather than) strength. 这项锻炼不是增强力量，而是增强柔韧性的。 oppose v. 反对；抵制；阻挠 oppose (doing) sth. 反对（做）某事 With a lot of people opposing it, the government had to postpone the new proposal. oppose sb/sb’s doing sth反对某人做某事 Countless citizens strongly opposed the city pulling down the 100-year-old building in the center of the city. opposition n. 反对，反抗 in opposition to… 强烈反对… Representatives expressed strong opposition to the strategies. opposite adj.相反的；对面的 prep.在……对面；与…相对 She struggled to calm him down nevertheless it seemed to be having the opposite outcome. Write your address opposite (= next to) your name. Not only did the man sitting opposite me oppose my idea but the woman on my left was opposed to what I put forward. Facing so much opposition，I had to wear an artificial smile to hide my inner frustration. 15. parallel n.（不同地点或不同时间的两事物之间的）联系，相似 It is possible to draw a parallel between (= find similar features in) their experience and ours. in parallel (with sth. /sb.) （与…）同时 The new degree and the existing certificate courses would run in parallel. adj.平行的；极相似的；同时发生的；相应的；对应的 be parallel to与……平行；与……类似 The road and the canal are parallel to each other. 16. depressed adj. 沮丧的；意志消沉的；不景气的；萧条的；经济困难的 Depressed and deserted，I had to drown my depression in wine. be depressed about 对…感到沮丧 She felt horribly depressed about the future. be depressed by 因…沮丧 depress v. 使沮丧；使忧愁 depress sb. 使某人沮丧 Wet weather constantly depresses me. depression n. 抑郁(症)；沮丧；萧条 depressing adj.令人沮丧的，让人忧愁的 The depressing present situation depressed me so much. depressive adj.抑郁的；患抑郁症的 Previous studies have suggested that physical activity is associated with a lower risk of depressive symptoms. 17. estimate v. 估计；估算（常用被动语态） estimate sth. at… 估算某物为… I would estimate the size of the garden at 100 square meters. …be estimated to be… …被估计为… The tree is estimated to be at least 700 years old. It is estimated that… 据估计… It is estimated that more than 1000 volunteers from diverse provinces participated in the fight against wildfires. n.（对数量、成本等的）估计；估算 My estimate was bang on target. It is estimated that living expenses for international students are around $8,450 a year and of course，it is merely a conservative estimate (= the real figure will be higher). overestimate v. 高估 underestimate v. 低估 18. symptom n.症状；征兆，症候 The symptoms may be exacerbated by certain drugs. sympathy n. 同情; 共鸣 symphony n. 交响乐 synonym n.同义词；代名词，换喻词 19. bury v. 埋葬；覆盖；埋藏，掩藏（感情、错误等） Their ambitions were finally dead and buried. bury…in/ at… 把…埋在… He walked slowly, his hands buried in his pockets. bury one’s face/head in one’s hands用手捂住脸/头 Realizing she was being spied on，the girl was frightened to cry，burying her face in her hands. bury oneself in 埋头于；专心致志于 = be buried in =be devoted/committed to = devote/commit oneself to = be absorbed in = be lost in = focus/concentrate on =apply oneself to He was constantly buried in building castles in the air，never taking any practical action. bury one’s head in the sand 逃避现实 As the story goes, a frightened ostrich will bury its head in the sand to make itself invisible to the hunter. burial n.葬礼；埋葬 20. pose v.造成（威胁、问题等）；引起；产生；问；质询；（为画像、摄影）摆好姿势；佯装；冒充；假扮；招摇；炫耀 pose a threat/ challenge/ danger/ risk to… 对…构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险 Their appearance posed a threat. pose a question 提问 pose as… 冒充… The gang entered the building posing as workmen. n.（为画像、拍照等摆的）姿势 adopt a pose for 摆个姿势 He adopted a relaxed pose for the camera. strike a(n) pose/ attitude 摆出某种姿态 posture n．(坐立的)姿势；看法；立场 Back pains can be the result of bad posture. The government has adopted an aggressive posture on immigration. 21. trial n.（法院的）审讯，审理，审判；试验、试用 v. 试验；试用 on trail 受审；试用 He’s on trial for murder. We had the machine on trial for a week. bring to trial 送交审判 The men were arrested but not brought to trail. come to trial 开庭审理 The case never came to trial. by trial and error 反复试验(以得出最佳结果) No one will break new ground in a field unless by trial and error. 22. underline v. 强调；突出 It is underlined that… 需要强调的是… It should be underlined that these are only preliminary findings. underline the importance of强调…的重要性 The report underlines the importance of pre-school education. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $