专题 01 谓语动词的时态（广东专用）-【简语法-中考核心语法精练】2026年广东地区中考备考 一轮复习专用（人教版）

中考核心语法精练 专题 01 谓语动词的时态（广东专用） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 中考模拟提升 一、六大核心时态核心语法表 本表清晰呈现中考要求掌握的 6 种基础时态的结构、用法、标志词及易错点，是时态学习的核心框架。 时态 核心结构 核心用法 典型标志词 易错提醒 一般现在时 主语 + 动词原形 / 三单（do/does） 表习惯、客观真理、经常性动作 every day, always, usually, often 主语为第三人称单数时，动词需加 - s/-es（如 go→goes） 一般过去时 主语 + 动词过去式（did） 表过去具体时间的动作 / 过去习惯 yesterday, last week, in 2023, just now 动词过去式分规则（+ed）和不规则（如 go→went） 一般将来时 will + 动词原形 /be going to + 动词原形 表将来动作 / 计划 / 意愿 tomorrow, next year, in the future There be 句型将来时为 There will be，不可用 There will have 现在进行时 am/is/are + 现在分词（doing） 表此刻 / 现阶段正在进行的动作 now, look, listen, at the moment 现在分词变化：-e 结尾去 e+ing，重读闭音节双写 + ing 过去进行时 was/were + 现在分词（doing） 表过去某时刻 / 时间段正在进行的动作 at 8 last night, last night, when/while while 后接延续性动作，when 后可接短暂动作 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词（done） 表过去动作对现在的影响 / 持续到现在 since, for, already, yet, so far 短暂性动词（borrow/buy/die）不能与 for/since 连用，需换为延续性动词（keep/have/be dead） 使用注意事项： 1. 一般现在时表客观真理时，不受主句时态影响（如 The teacher said the earth goes around the sun）。 2. 现在完成时强调 “过去与现在的联系”，不能与明确过去时间（如 yesterday）连用。 3. 过去进行时侧重 “过去某一时刻正在发生”，常与一般过去时搭配描述背景与事件。 二、易混时态辨析表 本表针对中考高频易混时态，从核心差异和例句对比两方面进行区分，帮助精准判断时态。 易混时态组 核心差异 典型例句对比 一般过去时 vs 现在完成时 一般过去时：孤立过去动作，与现在无关； 现在完成时：过去动作对现在有影响 / 持续到现在 ① I saw the film yesterday.（仅说明昨天看了） ② I have seen the film.（说明我知道剧情） 现在进行时 vs 一般将来时 现在进行时：仅表位移 / 短暂性将来（go/come/leave）； 一般将来时：表临时决定 / 预测 / 计划 ① I’m leaving for Beijing.（即将动身，位移动词） ② I will go to Beijing tomorrow.（临时决定 / 计划） 一般现在时 vs 现在进行时 一般现在时：表常态 / 习惯； 现在进行时：表此刻正在做 ① He reads books every day.（习惯） ② He is reading a book now.（此刻） 使用注意事项： 1. 区分 “过去孤立” 与 “现在影响” 是判断一般过去时和现在完成时的关键。 2. 现在进行时表将来仅适用于少数位移动词，其他场景需用一般将来时。 3. 一般现在时表 “常态”，现在进行时表 “临时 / 此刻”，切勿混淆。 三、现在完成时核心短语辨析表 本表聚焦现在完成时中最易混淆的三个短语，明确其含义和使用场景。 短语 含义 用法区别 典型例句 have been to 去过某地（已回来） 后可接次数 / 地点，强调 “经历” I have been to Paris twice. have gone to 去了某地（还没回） 主语不在现场，强调 “去向” He has gone to the library. have been in 待在某地（持续） 后接 for/since，强调 “时长” I have been in China for 10 years. 使用注意事项： 1. have been to 后可接次数（如 twice），have gone to 不可。 2. have been in 强调 “持续时间”，必须与时间段（for/since）连用。 3. 主语为第三人称单数时，have 需变为 has。 四、时态解题技巧表 本表总结了 4 种高效解题方法，帮助在考试中快速定位正确时态。 技巧名称 操作方法 适用场景 标志词法 抓取句中时间标志词（yesterday/now/since 等），直接匹配对应时态 有明确时间状语的题目 并列谓语法 观察句中由 and/but 连接的并列谓语，保持时态一致 含并列谓语的复合句 语境暗示法 结合上下文逻辑，判断动作发生的时间与状态 无明显时间标志词的情景对话 时态定义法 回归时态本质含义（习惯 / 进行 / 影响），对比辨析易混时态 易混时态对比类题目 固定句式法 牢记固定句型（如主将从现、It’s the first time that sb. has done） 固定句型类题目 使用注意事项： 1. 优先使用标志词法，无标志词时再结合语境判断。 2. 并列谓语时态必须保持一致，这是重要的解题线索。 3. 固定句式需单独记忆，是快速得分的关键。 一、单词拼写 1. （2023·江苏淮安·一模）During yesterday’s exam, Simon _________ (check) the time after finishing each part. 【答案】checked 【详解】句意：在昨天的考试中，西蒙在完成每个部分后都查看了时间。根据“During yesterday’s exam”可知，考试在昨天，时态应使用一般过去时。故填checked。 2. （2025·吉林·模拟预测）I ________ (go) to the park yesterday. It was very beautiful. 【答案】went 【详解】句意：昨天，我去了公园，太漂亮了。根据yesterday可知，句子时态是一般过去时，go的过去式是went。故填went。 3. （2024·甘肃陇南·三模）I haven’t ________ (see) the film before. 【答案】seen 【详解】句意：我以前没看过这部电影。空前是助动词haven’t，空处应用see的过去分词seen，与haven’t构成现在完成时的谓语结构。故填seen。 4. （2023·甘肃陇南·一模）We hope the problems of traffic jams will ________ (appear) in the near future. 【答案】disappear 【详解】句意：我们希望交通拥堵的问题在不久的将来会消失。根据“We hope the problems of traffic jams will ...”结合常识可知，此处是希望交通拥堵问题消失，应用appear的反义词disappear“消失”，will后跟动词原形。故填disappear。 5. （2024·甘肃陇南·三模）You won’t succeed unless you ________ (work) hard. 【答案】work 【详解】句意：除非你努力工作，否则你不会成功。unless引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，从句主语为“you”，所以此处应用动词原形。故填work。 6. （2023·甘肃庆阳·二模）My sister ______ (play) the piano twice a week. 【答案】plays 【详解】句意：我姐姐每周要弹两次钢琴。play玩，演奏， 是动词。根据句意和时间状语“twice a week”可知，该句为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 故填plays。 7. （2025·广东肇庆·一模）He was brave, so he ________ (overcome) many difficulties on the journey. 【答案】overcame 【详解】句意：他很勇敢，因此他在旅途上克服了许多困难。根据“He was brave”可知，此处用一般过去时，动词用过去式，overcome的过去式为overcame。故填overcame。 8. （2025·广东深圳·一模）I don’t really know. I’m just ________ (guess). 【答案】guessing 【详解】句意：我真的不知道。我只是在猜测。根据“I’m just”可知，此处表示动作正在进行，用现在进行时，结构为am doing，空处填动词的现在分词。guess“猜测”，动词，现在分词为guessing。故填guessing。 9. （2023·甘肃兰州·中考真题）We had a school trip last month and I ________ (enjoy) every minute of it. 【答案】enjoyed 【详解】句意：上个月我们进行了学校郊游并且我很享受旅游的每一分钟。根据“last month”可知时态是一般过去时，空处用过去式。故填enjoyed。 10. （2025九年级·广东·专题练习）There ________ (be) a lot of changes in our city in the past few years. 【答案】have been 【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，我们的城市发生了许多变化。根据“in the past few years”可知用现在完成时，There be句型的现在完成时结构为There have/has been，“a lot of changes”是复数，用have been。故填have been。 11. （2023·江苏无锡·一模）We ________ (discover) the beach while we were sailing around the island. 【答案】discovered 【详解】句意：我们在绕岛航行时发现了这个海滩。根据“while we were sailing around the island.”可知，while引导的从句用过去进行时，则主句用一般过去时，叙述过去发生的事情，discover的过去式是discovered，故填discovered。 12. （2023·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）Nowadays the live-streaming (直播) industry has ________ (become) an important plat-form (平台) of selling products in China. 【答案】become 【详解】句意：如今，直播行业已经成为中国销售产品的一个重要平台。根据“has”可知本句是现在完成时，所以动词用过去分词，故填become。 13. （2023·甘肃武威·模拟预测）The Smiths ________ (eat) dinner in the kitchen at 7:00 p.m. yesterday. 【答案】were eating 【详解】句意：昨天晚上7点，史密斯一家正在厨房里吃晚饭。根据“at 7:00 p.m. yesterday”可知，此处用过去进行时表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，the+姓氏的复数作主语，助动词用were，故填were eating。 14. （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）The football team members played hard and they ________ (win) the game finally. 【答案】won 【详解】句意：足球队的队员们奋力拼搏，最终赢得了比赛。根据空前“played”可知，本句使用一般过去时，动词需要使用过去式，所给词“win”的过去式是不规则变化。故填won。 15. （22-23七年级上·广东深圳·随堂练习）—Sammy, you ________ to bring your homework to school yesterday. Have you handed it in today? (forget) —Yes, Miss Gao. I handed it in this morning. 【答案】forgot 【详解】句意：——萨米，你昨天忘了把作业带到学校。你今天交了吗？——是的，高老师。我今天早上交的。根据“yesterday”可知，描述的是过去的动作，动词应用过去式，故填forgot。 二、完成句子 1. （2024·广东广州·一模）李华花了差不多两个星期的时间才背完这首诗歌。 ________ ________ Li Hua almost two weeks ________ recite the poem. 【答案】 It took to 【详解】It takes sb +一段时间+ to do“做某事花费了某人多久时间”，根据汉语提示可知此事已经发生过，应使用一般过去时，take变为过去式“took”，故填It；took；to。 2. （2025·广东广州·二模）现场将会有超过20个社团。 ________ ________ ________ over 20 clubs in the fair. 【答案】 There will be 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“将会有”的英文；there be句型，表示“某地有某物”，根据句意可知，此处需一般将来时，There be句型的一般将来时结构为There will be+名词，故填There；will；be。 3. （2025·广东广州·二模）宇航员们直到 2025年4月30日才返回地球。 The astronauts ________ ________ to Earth ________ April 30, 2025. 【答案】 didn’t return until 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，时态是一般过去时，此句是否定结构“直到……才……”，英文中常用“didn’t…until…”来表达这一意思，“返回”的英文单词是return，否定句中，动词return用原形；“直到”翻译为until，表示动作持续到某一时间点才发生。故填didn’t；return；until。 4. （2023·广东广州·三模）上个月，我们出发前往埃及，进行了一次难忘之旅。 Last month, we ________ ________ on an unforgettable trip to Egypt. 【答案】 set out 【详解】根据所给汉语提示可知空格处表示的是“出发”set out。由Last month可知是一般过去时，故要用过去式，set的过去式还是set，故填set；out。 5. （2025·广东广州·一模）如果每个人都采取行动，世界将会变得更绿和更美丽。 If everybody ________ ________, the world ________ ________ greener and more beautiful. 【答案】 takes action will be 【详解】take action“采取行动”，if条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，从句主语“everybody”，此处用三单形式；be“是”，构成系表结构。故填takes；action；will；be。 6. （2024·广东广州·一模）南国书香节每年都举行。 The South China Book Festival ________ ________ every year. 【答案】 is held 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“举行”；hold“举行”，动词；分析句子结构可知，句子主语与谓语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据空后的“every year”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“The South China Book Festival”，所以此处应填is held。故填is；held。 7. （2023·广东广州·三模）后来，他的同学教了他一些非常实用的技巧。 Then, his classmates taught him some skills __________ __________ __________ __________. 【答案】 which/that were very useful 【详解】根据语境及汉语含义可知，此处为定语从句。先行词skills“技巧，技能”指物，且在从句中作主语，关系词用which/that；从句为系表结构“be动词+形容词”表示“技巧实用”，且时态为一般过去时，先行词为复数，所以是were useful；very“非常”，副词修饰形容词useful。故填which/that；were；very；useful。 8. （2023·广东广州·二模）除此以外，他跟我们分享了他的经历。 Besides, he ________ ________ ________ ________ us. 【答案】 shared his experience with 【详解】对比中英文可知，此空应填“分享他的经历”，share his experience with，又因为本句为一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填shared；his；experience；with。 9. （2023·广东广州·一模）音乐会的票都已给她了。 The tickets for the concert ________ already ________ ________ ________ her. 【答案】 have been given to 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处是现在完成时。give“给”，动词，票被给，故为被动语态。此处是现在完成时的被动语态，结构是has/have been done，主语是复数，故用have。sth. be given to sb.“某物被给某人”，应加介词to。故填have；been；given；to。 10. （2023·广东广州·一模）上周，我们在英语课上了解了很多关于垃圾分类的知识。 We ________ a lot ________ rubbish sorting in English class last week. 【答案】 learnt/learned/knew about 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“了解有关……”，learn/know about表示“了解有关”，根据“last week”可知，动词用过去式，learn的过去式是learnt或learned，know的过去式是knew，故填learnt/learned/knew；about。 11. （2025·广东广州·模拟预测）伦敦曾经作为“雾都”而闻名。 London _________ _________ _________ the City of Fog in the past. 【答案】 was famous/known     as 【详解】be famous/known as“作为……而闻名”。根据“in the past”可知，时态是一般过去时，主语是单数名词，be动词用was。故填was；famous/known；as。 12. （2023·广东广州·一模）昨天，广东省科学馆举办了一场 2050 生活场景展览会。 An exhibition of life in 2050 ______ ______ in Guangdong Science Museum yesterday. 【答案】 was held 【详解】根据句子可知空处应填“举办”。hold动词，举办，过去式held，过去分词held；主语an exhibition of life in 2050与动词hold之间是被动关系，时间状语yesterday，句子要用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done；主语是单数，故填was；held。 13. （2023·广东广州·一模）当时的天气多么糟糕啊！ ________ ________ ________ it ________! 【答案】 What bad/terrible weather was 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处考查What引导的感叹句。weather“天气”，不可数名词，感叹句结构为“What+adj.+不可数名词+主谓!”。bad/terrible“糟糕的”，形容词，作定语修饰weather。结合句意可知，时态是一般过去时，it是第三人称单数，故用be动词was。故填What；bad/terrible；weather；was。 14. （2023·广东广州·三模）以前，李华总是有困难去记住很长的诗歌。 Li Hua always ________ ________ ________ ________ long poems. 【答案】 had difficulty/trouble in remembering 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“有困难去记住”的英文翻译，时态为一般过去时。 have difficulty/trouble in doing sth“做某事有困难”，have的过去式为had；remember意为“记得”，其动名词为remembering。故填had；difficulty/trouble；in；remembering。 15. （2025·广东广州·二模）为了这场比赛，很多跑步者准备了很长时间。 Many runners ________ ________ ________ this race for a long time. 【答案】 have prepared for 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处缺少“准备”，prepare for“为……做准备”；根据“for a long time”可知时态用现在完成时have/has done，主语“Many runners”是复数，助动词用have。故填have；prepared；for。 三、语法选择 Passage 1 （2025·广东中山·三模）Chinese lacquerware (漆器) is one of the oldest kinds of traditional art in China. Making lacquerware 1 patience and skills. There are several steps in making it. First, choosing the materials is very important, such as wood, bamboo, or clay are commonly used. Then, the object is covered 2 many layers (层) of special lacquer from tree sap (树液). Each layer has to dry 3 before the next one is added. After that, once enough layers are put on, the surface 4 smooth by polishing. Lacquerware comes in many 5 , including plates, bowls, and cups. It is often decorated (装饰) with beautiful patterns like flowers and animals, The patterns are painted or carved into 6 surface. In the past, lacquerware was mostly used by rich people 7 it was expensive to make. Now it is available to more people, and some items are more affordable. 8 beauty is admired worldwide. Visitors to Chinese museums can often see 9 wonderful they are. In modern times, many people still make lacquerware, 10 to keep this ancient art. There are also competitions for the good designs. 1. A．require B．requires C．is required 2. A．from B．with C．in 3. A．full B．fully C．filled 4. A．is made B．were made C．make 5. A．form B．forms C．former 6. A．a B．an C．the 7. A．because B．so C．and 8. A．It B．Its C．It’s 9. A．how B．what C．that 10. A．to try B．tried C．trying 【答案】 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. C 【导语】本文介绍中国传统艺术漆器，讲述其制作需耐心和技巧，包含选材料、涂漆、打磨等步骤，还提及漆器的形式、装饰，以及过去因制作昂贵多为富人使用，如今更普及，现代人们传承这一古老艺术，还有相关设计竞赛等内容。 1. 句意：制作漆器需要耐心和技巧。 require动词原形；requires动词三单形式；is required一般现在时被动语态。根据“Making lacquerware … patience and skill.”可知，主语为动名词短语，视为单数，一般现在时中，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 2. 句意：然后，物件被用数层取自树液的特殊漆覆盖。 from来自；with伴随；in在里面。根据“Then, the object is covered”可知，be covered with...是固定短语，意为“被……覆盖”。故选B。 3. 句意：每层在添加下一层之前必须完全干燥。 full形容词；fully副词；filled动词过去式。根据“Each layer has to dry”可知，dry是动词，需用副词修饰。故选B。 4. 句意：在那之后，一旦涂了足够多的层数，表面通过打磨被变得光滑。 is made一般现在时被动语态；were made一般过去时被动语态；make动词原形。根据“After that, once enough layers are put on, the surface … smooth by polishing.”可知，the surface和smooth之间是被动关系，即表面被打磨光滑，且是一般现在时，需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。 5. 句意：漆器有许多形式，包括盘子、碗和杯子。 form名词单数；forms名词复数；former形容词。根据“Lacquerware comes in many”可知，many后接可数名词复数。故选B。 6. 句意：这些图案被绘制或雕刻在漆器的表面上。 a不定冠词；an不定冠词；the定冠词。根据“The patterns are painted or carved into … surface.”可知，此处surface是特指漆器的表面，需用定冠词。故选C。 7. 句意：在过去，漆器主要被富人使用，因为制作它很昂贵。 because因为；so所以；and并且。根据“In the past, lacquerware was mostly used by rich people … it was expensive to make.”可知。后句it was expensive to make是前句lacquerware was mostly used by rich people的原因，需用连词引导原因状语从句。故选A。 8. 句意：它的美在全世界受到赞赏。 It主格代词；Its物主代词；It’s主谓形式。根据“beauty is admired worldwide.”可知，beauty是名词，需用形容词性物主代词修饰。故选B。 9. 句意：参观中国博物馆的游客经常能看到它们有多美妙。 how如何；what什么；that那个。根据“Visitors to Chinese museums can often see … wonderful they are.”可知，wonderful是形容词，“how+形容词”构成感叹句结构。故选A。 10. 句意：在现代，许多人仍然制作漆器，努力传承这一古老艺术。 to try动词不定式；tried动词过去式；trying现在分词。根据“In modern times, many people still make lacquerware, 10 to keep this ancient art.”可知，many people和try是主动关系，用现在分词trying作伴随状语。故选C。 Passage 2 （2025·广东清远·二模）Max had a secret hobby—he loved to write stories. But he was always too 1 to share them with anyone except his good friend, Emma. One day, while walking through the school hallway, Max noticed 2 a colorful poster about a writing contest on the wall. He became really interested in it. He hesitated (犹豫) yet finally decided to give it a try with Emma’s encouragement. He spent weeks 3 on his story. When Max finally finished, he felt a mix of 4 and worry. He told Emma, “I’m not sure if I 5 hand in my work.” Emma replied, “You have gone through so much to write the story. It’s time to share it with 6 .” So, Max handed in his story. A few weeks later, the contest results were announced. Max didn’t win, but his story 7 for its excellent creativity. On his way home, he felt proud of 8 he did. He got over his fears and shared something personal in 9 contest. He was truly thankful for Emma’s help. From then on, he not only kept on writing stories but also shared them with the entire school. So far, he 10 over 100 stories and is well-known in his school. What a great change Max has made! 1. A．shy B．shyer C．the shyest 2. A．it was B．they were C．there was 3. A．to work B．working C．worked 4. A．excite B．excitement C．excited 5. A．should B．must C．might 6. A．other B．others C．another 7. A．mentioned B．is mentioned C．was mentioned 8. A．what B．when C．how 9. A．the B．a C．an 10. A．writes B．wrote C．has written 【答案】 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Max从不敢分享自己写的故事到在朋友Emma的鼓励下参加写作比赛并最终克服恐惧、持续创作的故事。 1. 句意：但是他总是太害羞，除了好友Emma外不敢和别人分享自己的故事。 shy害羞的，形容词原级；shyer更害羞的，形容词比较级；the shyest最害羞的，形容词最高级。根据“Max was always too...to share them with anyone except his good friend, Emma”可知，为too+形容词原级+to do，表示“太……不能”，故选A。 2. 句意：一天，Max在学校走廊里散步时，发现墙上有一张关于写作比赛的彩色海报。 it was它是；they were它们是；there was有，存在。根据“...a colorful poster about a writing contest on the wall”可知，墙上有一张关于写作比赛的彩色海报，there be表示“有，存在”，故选C。 3. 句意：他花了几个星期的时间来创作自己的故事。 to work动词不定式；working创作，动名词；worked创作，过去分词。spend+时间+doing，意为“花费时间做某事”，故选B。 4. 句意：当Max终于说完时，他感到既兴奋又担心。 excite使……兴奋，动词；excitement兴奋，名词；excited兴奋的，形容词。根据“he felt a mix of...”可知，此处缺名词作宾语，故选B。 5. 句意：他对Emma说：“我不知道是否应该交作业。” should应该；must必须；might也许。根据“I’m not sure if I...hand in my work”可知，此处表达“应该”的委婉建议，故选A。 6. 句意：Emma回答说：“为了写这个故事，你经历了太多。是时候与他人分享了。” other其他的，不定代词；others其他人；another另一个。根据“It’s time to share it with...”可知，与他人分享，故选B。 7. 句意：Max没有获奖，但他的故事因其出色的创意而被提及。 mentioned提到，过去式；is mentioned被提到，一般现在时的被动语态；was mentioned被提到，一般过去时的被动语态。根据“Max didn’t win”可知，用一般过去时；主语his story和动词mention之间为被动关系，因此此处为一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。 8. 句意：在回家的路上，他为自己的所作所为感到自豪。 what什么；when什么时候；how怎样。根据“he felt proud of...he did”可知，此处为what引导宾语从句，表示他为自己的所作所为感到自豪，符合语境。故选A。 9. 句意：Max克服恐惧，在这次比赛中分享了个人作品。 the定冠词，表示特指；a一个，辅音音素开头的单词前，表示泛指；an一个，元音音素开头的单词前，表示泛指。根据“shared something personal in...contest”可知，此处特指前文提到的比赛，需用定冠词the，故选A。 10. 句意：迄今为止，Max已创作100多篇故事并在学校闻名。 writes创作，一般现在时；wrote创作，过去式；has written已经创作，现在完成时。根据“so far”可知，此处需用现在完成时。故选C。 Passage 3 （2025·广东清远·模拟预测）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Zheng Haohao, 12, made history as China’s youngest Olympic skateboarder. While most kids her age were busy 1 school work, she spent her days practicing at the skatepark, studying, and traveling for training. Zheng fell in love with sports early. When she was 7 years old, she tried skateboarding and 2 it amazing. “It’s cooler than roller skating!” she said. Her talent 3 by her coach. In 2020, she finished 13th in a national competition, beating over 60 4 . To prepare for the Paris Olympics, she needed 5 every day, rushing between home, school, and skatepark. She remembered 6 a special trip to Nanjing’s higher-level skatepark helped improve her skills. “I think about skateboarding every second.” she told reporters. But challenges came. During practice, she once broke 7 finger. The great pain made her consider giving up. “I cried, but remembered 8 hard I’d worked,” Zheng recalled. After her hand got better, she bravely returned to training. Her coach praised her spirit: “She’s small but powerful. When others rest, she repeats tricks again and again.” As she boarded the plane to Paris, 9 smiled and said, “Every fall makes me stronger. I’ll skate for my country and fight like a soldier!” With courage and hard work, even the 10 goals can be reached. Zheng’s story teaches us that age can’t hold back dreams. 1. A．with B．in C．on 2. A．find B．found C．will find 3. A．is discovered B．were discovered C．was discovered 4. A．skater B．skaters C．skater's 5. A．train B．training C．to train 6. A．why B．that C．who 7. A．a B．an C．the 8. A．what a B．what an C．how 9. A．she B．her C．hers 10. A．big B．bigger C．biggest 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. A 10. C 【导语】本文讲述12岁的中国最年轻奥运滑板运动员郑好好克服困难、坚持训练的故事，展现了她勇敢追梦的精神。 1. 句意：当大多数同龄孩子忙于学业时，她却每天在滑板公园练习、学习和旅行训练。 with和……一起；in在……里面；on在……上面。be busy with sth.为固定短语，表示“忙于某事”，此处接“school work”，故选A。 2. 句意：7岁时她尝试滑板，发现它很神奇。   find发现，动词原形；found发现，过去式；will find将发现，一般将来时。由“When she was 7 years old”可知时态为一般过去时，found符合语境，故选B。 3. 句意：她的天赋被教练发现了。    is discovered被发现，一般现在时被动语态，单数；were discovered被发现，一般过去时被动语态，复数；was discovered被发现，一般过去时被动语态，单数。talent为单数主语，与discover构成被动关系，且上下文为一般过去时，被动结构为“was + 过去分词”，故选C。 4. 句意：2020年她在全国赛中获第13名，击败60多名滑板选手。    skater滑板选手，单数；skaters滑板选手，复数；skater’s滑板选手的，名词所有格。“over 60”后接可数名词复数，skaters符合语境，故选B。 5. 句意：为备战巴黎奥运会，她需要每天训练，在家庭、学校和滑板公园间奔波。    train训练，动词原形；training训练，动名词/现在分词；to train训练，不定式。need to do sth.表示“需要做某事”，此处为不定式作宾语。故选C。 6. 句意：她记得去南京高水平滑板公园的特殊之旅帮助提升了技能。   why为什么，疑问词；that引导宾语从句，无实义；who谁，疑问词。remember后接宾语从句，从句结构完整（主谓宾齐全），用that引导，故选B。 7. 句意：训练中她曾摔断一根手指。   a不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个/那个，定冠词，表特指。finger以辅音音素开头，表泛指“一根手指”用不定冠词a，故选A。 8. 句意：“我哭了，但想起自己有多努力，”郑回忆道。    what a多么……，感叹句引导词，后接单数可数名词；what an多么……，感叹句引导词，后接单数可数名词，以元音音素开头；how多么……，感叹句引导词，后接形容词或副词。感叹句中，hard为副词，用how引导，结构为“How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语”，故选C。 9. 句意：当她登上飞往巴黎的飞机时，她微笑着说：“每次摔倒都让我更强大。”   she她，主格代词；her她的，形容词性物主代词/她，宾格代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。根据“... smiled and said”可知，此处作主语，需用主格代词she，故选A。 10. 句意：只要有勇气和努力，即使最远大的目标也能实现。    big大的，原级；bigger更大的，比较级；biggest最大的，最高级。“even the”后接形容词最高级，biggest符合语境，故选C。 Passage 4 （2026·广东中山·一模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Deep in the forest lives David, who loves books. As soon as he reads one book, he brings home another. Soon the house 1 books. His wife, Alice, is angry. “You must do something!” David thinks hard and has 2 idea. “I can bring my books into the faraway hills and share 3 I have with the children.” Every week, David sets off across the countryside to faraway villages with his two donkeys. Early 4 a sunny morning, David and his donkeys stop at a river 5 . Then, from deep in the shadows, a bandit (山贼) jumps out! “Please let us pass,” David says. “The children are waiting.” The bandit takes one book and shouts, “Next time I want some money!” They move on until at last, David sees some houses below. The children run to meet 6 . David reads them a story first. 7 the story ends, it’s time for everyone to choose a book. The children hold their books close as they say good-bye and run home 8 . David and his donkeys head back, over and around the hills, and into the sunset. At home, Alice feeds her hungry husband and the donkeys. But then, instead of sleeping, David picks up his book 9 reads deep into the night. And far away in the hills, candles and lanterns burn as the children read borrowed books deep into their night, 10 . 1. A．fills with B．filled with C．is filled with 2. A．a B．an C．the 3. A．what B．how C．why 4. A．in B．on C．at 5. A．drinks B．drinking C．to drink 6. A．him B．his C．himself 7. A．Before B．When C．Because 8. A．cheer B．cheerful C．cheerfully 9. A．and B．but C．or 10. A．either B．neither C．too 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. C 【导语】本文主要介绍了爱读书的大卫把自家堆满的书带到偏远山村分享给孩子们，大卫和山村孩子们都在各自的夜晚沉醉阅读，展现了分享阅读的温暖与美好。 1. 句意：很快屋子里就堆满了书。 固定搭配be filled with意为“充满”，句子需要谓语结构，主语house是单数，一般现在时用is filled with。 2. 句意：大卫苦思冥想后想出了一个主意。 此处表泛指“一个想法”，idea是元音音素开头的可数名词单数，泛指用不定冠词an。 3. 句意：“我可以把我的书搬到遥远的山里，和孩子们分享我拥有的书。” 此处是宾语从句，what在从句中作have的宾语，表示“我所拥有的东西”，符合“分享我拥有的东西”的句意。 4. 句意：一个晴朗的清晨，大卫和他的驴停在河边喝水。 表示“具体某一天的早晨/上午”，介词用on，a sunny morning是具体的某天早上，所以用on。 5. 句意：一个晴朗的清晨，大卫和他的驴停在河边喝水。 此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“停在河边（为了）喝水”。 6. 句意：孩子们都跑出来迎接他。 动词meet后接人称代词宾格作宾语，此处指代David，用宾格him。 7. 句意：故事结束后，就到了每个孩子选书的时间。 结合语境“当故事结束，就到了选书的时间”，When当……时符合逻辑。 8. 句意：孩子们紧紧抱着选好的书，和大卫道别后开开心心地回了家。 此处修饰动词run，需要副词，cheerfully是副词，意为“开心地”。 9. 句意：但是之后大卫没有睡觉，反而拿起自己的书一直读到深夜。 “拿起书”和“阅读”是顺承发生的两个动作，用并列连词and连接。 10. 句意：而在遥远的山村里，孩子们也点着蜡烛和灯笼，读着借来的书，一直读到深夜。 此处表示“也”，肯定句句末的“也”用too，either用于否定句句末，所以选too。 Passage 5 （2026·广东东莞·模拟预测）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案 。 Recently, our psychology teacher gave us a special task. It was to film a psychodrama (心理剧). A psychodrama is a play that tries to help students solve 1 problems. It helps students become 2 people than before. People use role-playing to deal with real-life difficulties. Psychodramas are popular at our school because the plays 3 by students. Students write plays about anything, from problems with studies 4 problems with friends. My group’s topic was friendship. I played a boy who had problems with the members of a dance group, 5 he finally saved their friendship after taking the advice of his classmates. My classmate Zhang Ming said, “After filming this psychodrama, I learned that communication is the key to good relationships, and I started 6 this in real life.” Some groups 7 at other problems. For example, one story was about a girl who didn’t do well in 8 test. Her parents might shout at her 9 , so she was afraid to tell her parents about the test. However, her teacher helped her by giving her advice on 10 to study and communicate with her parents. Another story showed how spreading gossip (流言蜚语) can hurt people. Many students said they learnt a lot from the stories. And those stories taught them how to make their lives more beautiful. 1. A．they B．them C．their 2. A．good B．better C．the best 3. A．is written B．are writing C．are written 4. A．to B．at C．for 5. A．so B．but C．or 6. A．to use B．to using C．used 7. A．will look B．looked C．has looked 8. A．a B．an C．/ 9. A．angry B．angrily C．anger 10. A．what B．why C．how 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. C 【导语】本文讲述了作者的心理课老师布置了拍摄心理剧的特殊任务，通过角色扮演帮助学生解决问题，大家从不同主题的心理剧中收获了成长。 1. 句意：心理剧是一种帮助学生解决他们的问题的戏剧。 空后有名词problems，需用形容词性物主代词their修饰，意为“他们的问题”。 2. 句意：它帮助学生变得比以前更好。 句中有比较级标志词than，需用形容词比较级better，意为“更好”。 3. 句意：心理剧在我们学校很受欢迎，因为这些剧本由学生编写。 主语the plays和动词write是被动关系，且主语为复数，需用一般现在时被动语态are written，意为“被编写”。 4. 句意：学生们写关于任何事的剧本，从学习问题到朋友问题。 固定搭配from…to…意为“从……到……”，用于介绍剧本的选材范围。 5. 句意：我扮演一个和舞蹈队成员有矛盾的男孩，但是在听取同学建议后，他最终挽回了友谊。 前后句为转折关系，用but连接，意为“但是”。 6. 句意：我学到了沟通是良好关系的关键，并且我开始在现实生活中运用这一点。 固定搭配start to do sth.意为“开始做某事”，需用不定式to use。 7. 句意：一些小组关注其他问题。 全文时态为一般过去时，动词look需用过去式looked。 8. 句意：例如，有一个故事是关于一个女孩在一次考试中表现不好。 test是可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰，意为“一次”。 9. 句意：她的父母可能会生气地对她大喊大叫，所以她不敢告诉父母考试的事。 修饰动词短语shout at需用副词angrily，意为“生气地”。 10. 句意：然而，她的老师通过给她关于如何学习和与父母沟通的建议帮助了她。 固定搭配how to do sth.意为“如何做某事”，符合语境。 Passage 6 （2026·广东惠州·模拟预测）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题 所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 At just 14 years old, Ryan Hickman, a student from a US high school, has made big news with his beach clean-up partners. On April 20, a five-week activity 1 by Ryan and many members from a volunteer group. 2 goal was to pick up rubbish from five beaches along the Southern California coast and some in Mexico. “The rubbish goes into the ocean, and sea animals eat it 3 accident,” Ryan told a local newspaper. “Picking up one piece of rubbish 4 save a turtle’s life, because every little thing we do can protect sea animals.” Since 2012, he and his helpers 5 around 2 million bottles and cans from beaches, lakes and rivers. And they stick to this 6 work all the time. Ryan first learned about 7 pollution did harm to sea animals at the Pacific Marine Mammal Center in Laguna Beach. 8 center has saved sea lions for over 40 years. When he watched the sick animals get much better after treatment, he made a decision 9 action to help them, too. Besides organizing volunteer clean-ups, Ryan has also traveled around the world to share his experiences. He gives talks to kids about protecting the Earth and oceans, and his stories are 10 part of these talks. “It’s truly fun to do this,” he said. “When I talk to people, I hope to cheer them up. Then they might start their own clean-up activities, too.” 1. A．is started B．was started C．was starting 2. A．They B．Their C．Theirs 3. A．by B．in C．for 4. A．may B．must C．should 5. A．collect B．collected C．have collected 6. A．meaning B．meaningful C．meaningfully 7. A．how B．why C．what 8. A．A B．An C．The 9. A．take B．taking C．to take 10. A．interesting B．more interesting C．the most interesting 【答案】 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. C 【导语】本文主要介绍了美国高中生Ryan Hickman通过组织海滩清洁活动来保护海洋环境和海洋动物的励志故事，以及他通过演讲鼓励更多孩子参与环保的经历。 1. 句意：4 月 20 日，Ryan和一个志愿者团体的许多成员发起了一项为期五周的活动。 is started被开始，一般现在时的被动语态；was started被开始，一般过去时的被动语态；was starting正在开始，过去进行时。根据“On April 20”可知，事情发生在过去，应用过去时；根据“by Ryan”可知，主语activity与动词start之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故选B。 2. 句意：他们的目标是从南加州海岸沿线的五处海滩以及墨西哥的一些海滩捡拾垃圾。 They他们，人称代词主格；Their他们的，形容词性物主代词；Theirs他们的，名词性物主代词。根据“…goal was to pick up rubbish”可知，此处修饰名词goal，应用形容词性物主代词。故选B。 3. 句意：“垃圾会进入海洋，海洋动物会误食它，” Ryan告诉当地一家报纸。 by通过；in在……里；for为了。根据“The rubbish goes into the ocean, and sea animals eat it…accident”可知，海洋动物并非故意吃垃圾，而是误食，by accident意为“意外地；偶然”，固定搭配。故选A。 4. 句意：“捡起一块垃圾可能拯救一只海龟的生命，因为我们做的每一件小事都能保护海洋动物。” may可能，表推测；must必须，表必要；should应该，表建议。根据“because every little thing we do can protect sea animals”可知，此处表示一种可能性的推测，即哪怕小小的举动也有可能带来巨大的改变。故选A。 5. 句意：自 2012 年以来，他和他的助手们已经从海滩、湖泊和河流中收集了约 200 万个瓶子和易拉罐。 collect收集，动词原形；collected收集，过去式；have collected已经收集，现在完成时。根据“Since 2012”可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续到现在，结构为have/has+done。故选C。 6. 句意：而且他们一直坚持这项有意义的工作。 meaning意义，名词；meaningful有意义的，形容词；meaningfully有意义地，副词。根据“…work”可知，此处修饰名词work，应用形容词。故选B。 7. 句意：Ryan在拉古纳海滩的太平洋海洋哺乳动物中心第一次了解到污染是如何对海洋动物造成伤害的。 how如何，表方式；why为什么，表原因；what什么，表事物。根据“…pollution did harm to sea animals”可知，此处指了解污染危害海洋动物的方式或过程，用how引导宾语从句符合语境。故选A。 8. 句意：该中心 40 多年来一直在救助海狮。 A一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前，表泛指；An一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前，表泛指；The这个，表特指。根据前文提到的“Pacific Marine Mammal Center”可知，此处再次提到该中心，属于特指，应用定冠词The。故选C。 9. 句意：当他看到生病的动物在治疗后好转很多时，他也决定采取行动帮助它们。 take拿，动词原形；taking拿，动名词/现在分词；to take去拿，动词不定式。根据“made a decision…action”可知，make a decision to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”。故选C。 10. 句意：他给孩子们做关于保护地球和海洋的演讲，他的故事是这些演讲中最有趣的部分。 interesting有趣的，形容词原级；more interesting更有趣的，形容词比较级；the most interesting最有趣的，形容词最高级。根据“…part of these talks”可知，此处是在这些演讲的所有部分中进行比较，应用最高级。故选C。 19 / 19乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $中考核心语法精练 专题 01 谓语动词的时态（广东专用） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 中考模拟提升 一、六大核心时态核心语法表 本表清晰呈现中考要求掌握的 6 种基础时态的结构、用法、标志词及易错点，是时态学习的核心框架。 时态 核心结构 核心用法 典型标志词 易错提醒 一般现在时 主语 + 动词原形 / 三单（do/does） 表习惯、客观真理、经常性动作 every day, always, usually, often 主语为第三人称单数时，动词需加 - s/-es（如 go→goes） 一般过去时 主语 + 动词过去式（did） 表过去具体时间的动作 / 过去习惯 yesterday, last week, in 2023, just now 动词过去式分规则（+ed）和不规则（如 go→went） 一般将来时 will + 动词原形 /be going to + 动词原形 表将来动作 / 计划 / 意愿 tomorrow, next year, in the future There be 句型将来时为 There will be，不可用 There will have 现在进行时 am/is/are + 现在分词（doing） 表此刻 / 现阶段正在进行的动作 now, look, listen, at the moment 现在分词变化：-e 结尾去 e+ing，重读闭音节双写 + ing 过去进行时 was/were + 现在分词（doing） 表过去某时刻 / 时间段正在进行的动作 at 8 last night, last night, when/while while 后接延续性动作，when 后可接短暂动作 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词（done） 表过去动作对现在的影响 / 持续到现在 since, for, already, yet, so far 短暂性动词（borrow/buy/die）不能与 for/since 连用，需换为延续性动词（keep/have/be dead） 使用注意事项： 1. 一般现在时表客观真理时，不受主句时态影响（如 The teacher said the earth goes around the sun）。 2. 现在完成时强调 “过去与现在的联系”，不能与明确过去时间（如 yesterday）连用。 3. 过去进行时侧重 “过去某一时刻正在发生”，常与一般过去时搭配描述背景与事件。 二、易混时态辨析表 本表针对中考高频易混时态，从核心差异和例句对比两方面进行区分，帮助精准判断时态。 易混时态组 核心差异 典型例句对比 一般过去时 vs 现在完成时 一般过去时：孤立过去动作，与现在无关； 现在完成时：过去动作对现在有影响 / 持续到现在 ① I saw the film yesterday.（仅说明昨天看了） ② I have seen the film.（说明我知道剧情） 现在进行时 vs 一般将来时 现在进行时：仅表位移 / 短暂性将来（go/come/leave）； 一般将来时：表临时决定 / 预测 / 计划 ① I’m leaving for Beijing.（即将动身，位移动词） ② I will go to Beijing tomorrow.（临时决定 / 计划） 一般现在时 vs 现在进行时 一般现在时：表常态 / 习惯； 现在进行时：表此刻正在做 ① He reads books every day.（习惯） ② He is reading a book now.（此刻） 使用注意事项： 1. 区分 “过去孤立” 与 “现在影响” 是判断一般过去时和现在完成时的关键。 2. 现在进行时表将来仅适用于少数位移动词，其他场景需用一般将来时。 3. 一般现在时表 “常态”，现在进行时表 “临时 / 此刻”，切勿混淆。 三、现在完成时核心短语辨析表 本表聚焦现在完成时中最易混淆的三个短语，明确其含义和使用场景。 短语 含义 用法区别 典型例句 have been to 去过某地（已回来） 后可接次数 / 地点，强调 “经历” I have been to Paris twice. have gone to 去了某地（还没回） 主语不在现场，强调 “去向” He has gone to the library. have been in 待在某地（持续） 后接 for/since，强调 “时长” I have been in China for 10 years. 使用注意事项： 1. have been to 后可接次数（如 twice），have gone to 不可。 2. have been in 强调 “持续时间”，必须与时间段（for/since）连用。 3. 主语为第三人称单数时，have 需变为 has。 四、时态解题技巧表 本表总结了 4 种高效解题方法，帮助在考试中快速定位正确时态。 技巧名称 操作方法 适用场景 标志词法 抓取句中时间标志词（yesterday/now/since 等），直接匹配对应时态 有明确时间状语的题目 并列谓语法 观察句中由 and/but 连接的并列谓语，保持时态一致 含并列谓语的复合句 语境暗示法 结合上下文逻辑，判断动作发生的时间与状态 无明显时间标志词的情景对话 时态定义法 回归时态本质含义（习惯 / 进行 / 影响），对比辨析易混时态 易混时态对比类题目 固定句式法 牢记固定句型（如主将从现、It’s the first time that sb. has done） 固定句型类题目 使用注意事项： 1. 优先使用标志词法，无标志词时再结合语境判断。 2. 并列谓语时态必须保持一致，这是重要的解题线索。 3. 固定句式需单独记忆，是快速得分的关键。 一、单词拼写 1. （2023·江苏淮安·一模）During yesterday’s exam, Simon _______________ (check) the time after finishing each part. 2. （2025·吉林·模拟预测）I ______________ (go) to the park yesterday. It was very beautiful. 3. （2024·甘肃陇南·三模）I haven’t ______________ (see) the film before. 4. （2023·甘肃陇南·一模）We hope the problems of traffic jams will ______________ (appear) in the near future. 5. （2024·甘肃陇南·三模）You won’t succeed unless you ______________ (work) hard. 6. （2023·甘肃庆阳·二模）My sister ______ (play) the piano twice a week. 7. （2025·广东肇庆·一模）He was brave, so he ______________ (overcome) many difficulties on the journey. 8. （2025·广东深圳·一模）I don’t really know. I’m just ______________ (guess). 9. （2023·甘肃兰州·中考真题）We had a school trip last month and I ______________ (enjoy) every minute of it. 10. （2025九年级·广东·专题练习）There ______________ (be) a lot of changes in our city in the past few years. 11. （2023·江苏无锡·一模）We ______________ (discover) the beach while we were sailing around the island. 12. （2023·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）Nowadays the live-streaming (直播) industry has ______________ (become) an important plat-form (平台) of selling products in China. 13. （2023·甘肃武威·模拟预测）The Smiths ______________ (eat) dinner in the kitchen at 7:00 p.m. yesterday. 14. （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）The football team members played hard and they ______________ (win) the game finally. 15. （22-23七年级上·广东深圳·随堂练习）—Sammy, you ______________ to bring your homework to school yesterday. Have you handed it in today? (forget) —Yes, Miss Gao. I handed it in this morning. 二、完成句子 1. （2024·广东广州·一模）李华花了差不多两个星期的时间才背完这首诗歌。 ________ ________ Li Hua almost two weeks ________ recite the poem. 2. （2025·广东广州·二模）现场将会有超过20个社团。 ________ ________ ________ over 20 clubs in the fair. 3. （2025·广东广州·二模）宇航员们直到 2025年4月30日才返回地球。 The astronauts ________ ________ to Earth ________ April 30, 2025. 4. （2023·广东广州·三模）上个月，我们出发前往埃及，进行了一次难忘之旅。 Last month, we ________ ________ on an unforgettable trip to Egypt. 5. （2025·广东广州·一模）如果每个人都采取行动，世界将会变得更绿和更美丽。 If everybody ________ ________, the world ________ ________ greener and more beautiful. 6. （2024·广东广州·一模）南国书香节每年都举行。 The South China Book Festival ________ ________ every year. 7. （2023·广东广州·三模）后来，他的同学教了他一些非常实用的技巧。 Then, his classmates taught him some skills __________ __________ __________ __________. 8. （2023·广东广州·二模）除此以外，他跟我们分享了他的经历。 Besides, he ________ ________ ________ ________ us. 9. （2023·广东广州·一模）音乐会的票都已给她了。 The tickets for the concert ________ already ________ ________ ________ her. 10. （2023·广东广州·一模）上周，我们在英语课上了解了很多关于垃圾分类的知识。 We ________ a lot ________ rubbish sorting in English class last week. 11. （2025·广东广州·模拟预测）伦敦曾经作为“雾都”而闻名。 London _________ _________ _________ the City of Fog in the past. 12. （2023·广东广州·一模）昨天，广东省科学馆举办了一场 2050 生活场景展览会。 An exhibition of life in 2050 ______ ______ in Guangdong Science Museum yesterday. 13. （2023·广东广州·一模）当时的天气多么糟糕啊！ ________ ________ ________ it ________! 14. （2023·广东广州·三模）以前，李华总是有困难去记住很长的诗歌。 Li Hua always ________ ________ ________ ________ long poems. 15. （2025·广东广州·二模）为了这场比赛，很多跑步者准备了很长时间。 Many runners ________ ________ ________ this race for a long time. 三、语法选择 Passage 1 （2025·广东中山·三模）Chinese lacquerware (漆器) is one of the oldest kinds of traditional art in China. Making lacquerware 1 patience and skills. There are several steps in making it. First, choosing the materials is very important, such as wood, bamboo, or clay are commonly used. Then, the object is covered 2 many layers (层) of special lacquer from tree sap (树液). Each layer has to dry 3 before the next one is added. After that, once enough layers are put on, the surface 4 smooth by polishing. Lacquerware comes in many 5 , including plates, bowls, and cups. It is often decorated (装饰) with beautiful patterns like flowers and animals, The patterns are painted or carved into 6 surface. In the past, lacquerware was mostly used by rich people 7 it was expensive to make. Now it is available to more people, and some items are more affordable. 8 beauty is admired worldwide. Visitors to Chinese museums can often see 9 wonderful they are. In modern times, many people still make lacquerware, 10 to keep this ancient art. There are also competitions for the good designs. 1. A．require B．requires C．is required 2. A．from B．with C．in 3. A．full B．fully C．filled 4. A．is made B．were made C．make 5. A．form B．forms C．former 6. A．a B．an C．the 7. A．because B．so C．and 8. A．It B．Its C．It’s 9. A．how B．what C．that 10. A．to try B．tried C．trying Passage 2 （2025·广东清远·二模）Max had a secret hobby—he loved to write stories. But he was always too 1 to share them with anyone except his good friend, Emma. One day, while walking through the school hallway, Max noticed 2 a colorful poster about a writing contest on the wall. He became really interested in it. He hesitated (犹豫) yet finally decided to give it a try with Emma’s encouragement. He spent weeks 3 on his story. When Max finally finished, he felt a mix of 4 and worry. He told Emma, “I’m not sure if I 5 hand in my work.” Emma replied, “You have gone through so much to write the story. It’s time to share it with 6 .” So, Max handed in his story. A few weeks later, the contest results were announced. Max didn’t win, but his story 7 for its excellent creativity. On his way home, he felt proud of 8 he did. He got over his fears and shared something personal in 9 contest. He was truly thankful for Emma’s help. From then on, he not only kept on writing stories but also shared them with the entire school. So far, he 10 over 100 stories and is well-known in his school. What a great change Max has made! 1. A．shy B．shyer C．the shyest 2. A．it was B．they were C．there was 3. A．to work B．working C．worked 4. A．excite B．excitement C．excited 5. A．should B．must C．might 6. A．other B．others C．another 7. A．mentioned B．is mentioned C．was mentioned 8. A．what B．when C．how 9. A．the B．a C．an 10. A．writes B．wrote C．has written Passage 3 （2025·广东清远·模拟预测）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Zheng Haohao, 12, made history as China’s youngest Olympic skateboarder. While most kids her age were busy 1 school work, she spent her days practicing at the skatepark, studying, and traveling for training. Zheng fell in love with sports early. When she was 7 years old, she tried skateboarding and 2 it amazing. “It’s cooler than roller skating!” she said. Her talent 3 by her coach. In 2020, she finished 13th in a national competition, beating over 60 4 . To prepare for the Paris Olympics, she needed 5 every day, rushing between home, school, and skatepark. She remembered 6 a special trip to Nanjing’s higher-level skatepark helped improve her skills. “I think about skateboarding every second.” she told reporters. But challenges came. During practice, she once broke 7 finger. The great pain made her consider giving up. “I cried, but remembered 8 hard I’d worked,” Zheng recalled. After her hand got better, she bravely returned to training. Her coach praised her spirit: “She’s small but powerful. When others rest, she repeats tricks again and again.” As she boarded the plane to Paris, 9 smiled and said, “Every fall makes me stronger. I’ll skate for my country and fight like a soldier!” With courage and hard work, even the 10 goals can be reached. Zheng’s story teaches us that age can’t hold back dreams. 1. A．with B．in C．on 2. A．find B．found C．will find 3. A．is discovered B．were discovered C．was discovered 4. A．skater B．skaters C．skater's 5. A．train B．training C．to train 6. A．why B．that C．who 7. A．a B．an C．the 8. A．what a B．what an C．how 9. A．she B．her C．hers 10. A．big B．bigger C．biggest Passage 4 （2026·广东中山·一模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Deep in the forest lives David, who loves books. As soon as he reads one book, he brings home another. Soon the house 1 books. His wife, Alice, is angry. “You must do something!” David thinks hard and has 2 idea. “I can bring my books into the faraway hills and share 3 I have with the children.” Every week, David sets off across the countryside to faraway villages with his two donkeys. Early 4 a sunny morning, David and his donkeys stop at a river 5 . Then, from deep in the shadows, a bandit (山贼) jumps out! “Please let us pass,” David says. “The children are waiting.” The bandit takes one book and shouts, “Next time I want some money!” They move on until at last, David sees some houses below. The children run to meet 6 . David reads them a story first. 7 the story ends, it’s time for everyone to choose a book. The children hold their books close as they say good-bye and run home 8 . David and his donkeys head back, over and around the hills, and into the sunset. At home, Alice feeds her hungry husband and the donkeys. But then, instead of sleeping, David picks up his book 9 reads deep into the night. And far away in the hills, candles and lanterns burn as the children read borrowed books deep into their night, 10 . 1. A．fills with B．filled with C．is filled with 2. A．a B．an C．the 3. A．what B．how C．why 4. A．in B．on C．at 5. A．drinks B．drinking C．to drink 6. A．him B．his C．himself 7. A．Before B．When C．Because 8. A．cheer B．cheerful C．cheerfully 9. A．and B．but C．or 10. A．either B．neither C．too Passage 5 （2026·广东东莞·模拟预测）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案 。 Recently, our psychology teacher gave us a special task. It was to film a psychodrama (心理剧). A psychodrama is a play that tries to help students solve 1 problems. It helps students become 2 people than before. People use role-playing to deal with real-life difficulties. Psychodramas are popular at our school because the plays 3 by students. Students write plays about anything, from problems with studies 4 problems with friends. My group’s topic was friendship. I played a boy who had problems with the members of a dance group, 5 he finally saved their friendship after taking the advice of his classmates. My classmate Zhang Ming said, “After filming this psychodrama, I learned that communication is the key to good relationships, and I started 6 this in real life.” Some groups 7 at other problems. For example, one story was about a girl who didn’t do well in 8 test. Her parents might shout at her 9 , so she was afraid to tell her parents about the test. However, her teacher helped her by giving her advice on 10 to study and communicate with her parents. Another story showed how spreading gossip (流言蜚语) can hurt people. Many students said they learnt a lot from the stories. And those stories taught them how to make their lives more beautiful. 1. A．they B．them C．their 2. A．good B．better C．the best 3. A．is written B．are writing C．are written 4. A．to B．at C．for 5. A．so B．but C．or 6. A．to use B．to using C．used 7. A．will look B．looked C．has looked 8. A．a B．an C．/ 9. A．angry B．angrily C．anger 10. A．what B．why C．how Passage 6 （2026·广东惠州·模拟预测）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题 所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 At just 14 years old, Ryan Hickman, a student from a US high school, has made big news with his beach clean-up partners. On April 20, a five-week activity 1 by Ryan and many members from a volunteer group. 2 goal was to pick up rubbish from five beaches along the Southern California coast and some in Mexico. “The rubbish goes into the ocean, and sea animals eat it 3 accident,” Ryan told a local newspaper. “Picking up one piece of rubbish 4 save a turtle’s life, because every little thing we do can protect sea animals.” Since 2012, he and his helpers 5 around 2 million bottles and cans from beaches, lakes and rivers. And they stick to this 6 work all the time. Ryan first learned about 7 pollution did harm to sea animals at the Pacific Marine Mammal Center in Laguna Beach. 8 center has saved sea lions for over 40 years. When he watched the sick animals get much better after treatment, he made a decision 9 action to help them, too. Besides organizing volunteer clean-ups, Ryan has also traveled around the world to share his experiences. He gives talks to kids about protecting the Earth and oceans, and his stories are 10 part of these talks. “It’s truly fun to do this,” he said. “When I talk to people, I hope to cheer them up. Then they might start their own clean-up activities, too.” 1. A．is started B．was started C．was starting 2. A．They B．Their C．Theirs 3. A．by B．in C．for 4. A．may B．must C．should 5. A．collect B．collected C．have collected 6. A．meaning B．meaningful C．meaningfully 7. A．how B．why C．what 8. A．A B．An C．The 9. A．take B．taking C．to take 10. A．interesting B．more interesting C．the most interesting 10 / 10乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $