专题12 完形填空（10空）（复习讲义）（江苏专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题12 完形填空（10空）（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 词汇辨析题 考点二 逻辑推理题 考点三 上下文语境题 考点四 固定搭配题 考点五 生活常识题 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1. 题型与分值：以10 空 / 15 空短文完形为主，词数 150–350，分值占比10%–15%，为中考英语核心区分题型。 2. 体裁与题材：以记叙文 / 夹叙夹议为主，辅以说明文、议论文；题材聚焦成长励志、校园生活、传统文化、科技科普、社会公益，强立德树人、正能量导向。 3. 设题规律：实词为主（约 80%），虚词为辅；首句一般不设空，空格间距均匀；90% 以上题目需语境推理，纯语法题极少，突出语篇整体理解。 4. 命题原则：立足译林版教材，对标新课标核心素养，强调真实语境、逻辑连贯、词汇活用，兼顾基础与选拔功能。 热考角度 1. 上下文语境题（核心）：依托情节、情感、人物动作、原词 / 同义复现推理答案，占比最高。 2. 词汇辨析题：重点考查动词、名词、形容词、副词及动词短语的近义 / 形近区分，强调语境适配而非死记词义。 3. 逻辑推理题：集中考查转折、因果、让步、条件、递进五大逻辑，高频连词：but/however/although/because/so。 4. 固定搭配题：高频动词短语、介词搭配、形容词短语，基础送分题，考查语言习惯积累。 5. 生活常识 / 文化题：结合科学常识、中外文化、本土特色（如南京、苏州、景德镇文化元素）简单判断。 …… 命题预测 1. 选材更贴时代：融入AI、环保、传统文化、本土文化、心理健康等热点，语篇更地道、更具时代感。 2. 能力考查升级：从 “单词记忆” 转向语篇综合运用，强化深层逻辑、情感变化、主旨推理，减少单句简单题。 3. 设题更重语境：近义词辨析更精细，选项干扰性增强，必须结合全文线索作答，杜绝 “一眼选答案”。 4. 素养导向凸显：增加文化意识、思维品质考查，轻语法规则、重逻辑与价值理解，符合新课标命题方向。 5. 地市差异趋同：南京、苏州、无锡、扬州等核心地市命题风格统一，10 空 / 15 空并行，考点分布、难度梯度基本一致。 一、整体概览 项目 内容 考查形式 10 空 / 15 空短文完形填空，体裁以记叙文、夹叙夹议为主 分值占比 中考英语总分 10%–15%，是阅读理解核心题型 命题特点 立足语境、侧重逻辑、强化运用，突出语篇理解与词汇辨析 核心能力 上下文推理、逻辑判断、固定搭配、词汇辨析、生活常识 二、五大核心考点 命题考向 解题方法 高频考查点 名词、动词、形容词、副词、动词短语词义区分 1. 看词性是否一致2. 辨词义差异3. 代入语境验证 形近词、近义词、短语辨析 转折、因果、让步、条件、递进等逻辑关系 1. 找逻辑连词2. 看前后句态度 / 语义3. 定关系词 although/but/however/because 依据前后文提示、人物情感、动作呼应选词 1. 圈画关键词2. 找原词复现 / 近义替换3. 结合情节推理 原词重现、情感态度、动作连贯 动词短语、介词短语、形容词固定结构 1. 积累高频搭配2. 看空格前后词汇3. 直接锁定答案 set up、take part in、be famous for 生活经验、科学知识、文化背景判断 1. 脱离原文用常识判断2. 结合常识排除错误项 健康常识、工艺常识、社会习惯 三、解题步骤 操作要点 用时建议 跳过空格，把握主旨、人物、情节、情感 1–2 分钟 先易后难，固定搭配 / 常识题直接选，难题标记 5–6 分钟 结合上下文、逻辑、语境补全难题，验证一致性 2–3 分钟 通读完整短文，检查语法、语义、逻辑通顺 1 分钟 题型01 词汇辨析题 考查：名词 / 动词 / 形容词 / 副词词义区分，选项词性相同、含义相近，需精准判断 联系前后文：词汇的意义往往要根据上下文来确定，所以要认真阅读空格前后的句子，寻找与选项词汇相关的线索，如近义词、反义词、解释说明等。 把握语篇逻辑：注意文章中的逻辑关系词，如 but、however、therefore、besides 等，它们能帮助判断句子之间的逻辑关系，从而确定合适的词汇。 We never stop learning. The most important skill I 31 at school was keeping a routine. 31．A．made up B．picked up C．put off D．held back 【举一反三】 例1：（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期末） When I was young, flowers filled my mom’s garden each spring. I 1 thought that Mom had done much about them behind the scenes, until she shared her secret with me. A．always B．often C．seldom D．never 例2：（2026·江苏常州·一模） I asked his advice on how I could handle his such behaviors. His response was surprisingly 3. A．plain B．encouraging C．typical D．cautious 例3：（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期末） I froze for a moment—and then smiled from ear to ear. I was wild with joy and thanked her again and again until I ran out of 11. A．words B．courage C．order D．patience 题型02 逻辑推理题 此类题目要求考生根据句子、段落间的逻辑关系（如转折、因果、递进、并列等）选择正确的连接词或副词，使文章衔接流畅。 · 理解文章主旨： · 把握中心思想：浏览文章，了解文章的中心思想和主题。这有助于理解文章的整体逻辑结构。 · 关注首尾段落：首尾段落通常包含文章的主旨和总结，对理解文章逻辑有重要作用。 · 分析段落关系： · 段落功能：明确每个段落的功能，如引言、论述、举例、总结等。这有助于理解段落之间的逻辑关系。 · 过渡词句：注意段落之间的过渡词句，如"however"、"furthermore"、"in conclusion"等，这些词句表明段落之间的逻辑关系。 ....... My love for theatre is ____25____. As early as middle school, I was ____26____ that I’d become a famous actress. In high school, I won tournaments several times in a classroom setting. But I broke out in a cold ____27____ at the thought of standing on the stage with lights and curtains. In college, I still failed to perform on stage because of my ____28____ of making a fool of myself in front of strangers. Life moved on. I ____29____ my dream of being on stage in favor of my family. Then, I realized one day how much I _____30_____ the theater. Therefore, when I spotted the ad for auditions, I gathered my _____31_____. ....... 25. A. symbolic B. endless C. admirable D. abnormal 26. A. sad B. proud C. certain D. worried 27. A. eye B. temperature C. shoulder D. sweat 28. A. fear B. memory C. way D. hope 29. A. called on B. put forward C. set aside D. reflected on 30. A. required B. deserved C. missed D. represented 31. A. courage B. reputation C. purpose D. capacity 【举一反三】 例1：（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期末） My fingers were numb (麻木的) by the time we finished. 3_______, the ground looked just as empty and flat as it had been before. 3. A．Instead B．Moreover C．However D．Otherwise 例2：（25-26九年级上·江苏盐城·期末） The son wondered 3_________ still did as he was told. 3. A．But B．so C．because D．or 例3：（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期末） I felt it might last hours 9__________ I reached her desk. 9. A．Before B．After C．whenever D．unless 题型03 上下文语境题 此类题目完全依赖对文章整体内容、具体情境及人物情感态度的理解，选项本身可能无直接关联，需在通篇语境中定位答案。解决此类题型时，要求学生增强语篇逻辑意识，弄清文章内在逻辑关系，根据上下文内容，并适当进行逻辑推理来做出选择。先易后难，循序渐进和带入答案，查读验证仍然适用于夹叙夹议文类完形填空的解题。 As I was getting ready to check out some books, I recalled that I needed to obtain a particular brand of canned cat food from the vet. Upon entering the veterinary clinic, I found the vet helper assisting other customers. While waiting in line for my turn, I____41____another gentleman come in and approach the counter. Seeing the anxious expression on his face, I offered to____42____him to be served first, remarking that I would go to the____43____meanwhile. ....... 【举一反三】 例1：（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期末） “Flowers are like kindness,” Mom said. “Their 10_________ is meant to be shared.” 10. A．sizes B．shapes C．meaning D．beauty 例2：（2026·江苏常州·一模） That conversation was a 8_________. It seemed as if I’d been 9________ a look behind the curtain to understand what was going on. 8. A．game changer B．road block C．green light D．deal breaker 例3：（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期末） In my heart, the crystal 15 ________a lot—it was not just a gift, but a chance for a teacher and a student to understand each other better. 15. A．praised B．mattered C．explored D．prepared 题型04 固定搭配题 此类题目考查动词与介词、副词、名词的固定组合，或常见的习惯用语，需要考生熟记常用搭配。对于这类题型，学生在平时的学习中，要多掌握一些语法现象、多记多背一些固定结构和习惯搭配，并掌握它们的基本用法，这样就能够轻松解题了。 Tucked away in Tongxiang city, Zhejiang province, the captivating water town of Puyuan is 1 in history and elegance. 1．A．shrouded B．soaked C．steeped D．submerged 【举一反三】 例1：（25-26九年级上·江苏盐城·期末） He gave his son a stone and said, “Take it to the market tomorrow and see how much people will 2 ___________for it. 2. A．do B．work C．offer D．fight 例2：（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期末） Early the next morning, Mom 11__________ me up. 11. A．woke B．cheered C．picked D．gave 例3：（2026·江苏常州·一模） I could lead with kindness and aim for 11____________ over cleanliness. 11. A．freedom B．protection C．peace D．control 题型05 生活常识题 此类题目答案的选择需要借助一般性生活常识、科学知识或普遍认同的逻辑，而不仅仅依赖于上下文文字。解决此类题型时，应该把自己学到的有关文化背景知识和生活常识灵活运用，注意中西文化的一些差别。但有些没有定论的、或自己没有把握的知识，不能作为判断的依据，这时就要尊重原文的描述。 If you 34 with social anxiety too, you may have experienced such things: 34．A．struggle B．assist C．deal D．engage 【举一反三】 例1：（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期末） We brought the baskets and stopped near the first house. I took one basket, set it by the doorstep and rang the bell, then we quickly ran away. To make sure that no one took notice of us, we 12__________ behind the trees and waited. 12. A．played B．hid C．jumped D．chatted 例2：（25-26九年级上·江苏盐城·期末） The next day, the son went to the curator (馆长). The man checked the stone 7 _______ and said, “This is a valuable mineral specimen (矿物标本)! I will give you thirty dollars for it.” 7. A．quickly B．hurriedly C．nervously D．carefully 例3：（25-26九年级下·江苏泰州·开学考试） When he was around 14, he worked as a carpenter (木匠) to make a 6._______ 6. A．change B．living C．friend D．mistake （2025·江苏苏州·中考真题） 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Light rain continued to fall as I arrived at the mountain village. With a heavy bag on my back, I was excited to teach at a small school here, but a little 1 . What would these students be like? The school had only 18 students. Most were quiet, 2 they ran and laughed at break. One girl, Wen, always sat alone in the corner, seldom saying anything. On my first day in the classroom, I shared with them a 3 with the words “You are seen” on it and put it up on the wall. Some smiled shyly and some spoke quietly. “That’s why I’m here,” I said. However, Wen didn’t 4 . She was just drawing circles on the desk with her finger. Days passed quickly. The lessons were 5 planned. The children were kind. But my effort seemed to make little difference. I was not sure if I was doing anything 6 . One night, a heavy storm caused a power cut, leaving the classroom in darkness. As everyone was frozen, a soft light appeared. It was Wen who was holding a 7 in her hand. “We can still read.” she whispered. That was the first time I heard her voice. The next day, she sat 8 . In the following days, she began to talk more. In my last class, she came up and gave me the lantern. “So you will always have some 9 ,” she smiled gently. I came to give light, but found it was quietly 10 . Volunteering isn’t always loud or big. Sometimes, it’s a quiet lantern—shared between the two, and shining in both directions. 1．A．bored B．relaxed C．nervous D．surprised 2．A．though B．so C．since D．when 3．A．dictionary B．poster C．cake D．cup 4．A．stand up B．give up C．wake up D．look up 5．A．slowly B．carefully C．directly D．finally 6．A．simple B．interesting C．popular D．meaningful 7．A．book B．lantern C．candle D．lamp 8．A．farther B．lower C．closer D．longer 9．A．fun B．time C．light D．hope 10．A．returned B．collected C．connected D．accepted Passage 1 （25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·月考）My daughter was having trouble deciding on what main subject to learn at college, so she asked for my 1 . I told her the one thing I wish that I had been told at her age—“Find a career that you love and you will never work a day in your life.” I didn’t know how to answer, though, when she asked me what she should do if she had to take a job that she 2 . That question brought back a lot of 3 of jobs that I had over the years. I remembered one in particular (特别). My young family was struggling. We had no money, and there were no good jobs to be had in the area. My brother, 4 , got me a job at a local lumber yard. The work was 5 and meant constant pain for my back. Hours were spent loading and stacking (码放) wood. The pay was very low. In the winter the skin on my fingers bled from the cold, dry air. In the several years I worked there, many people 6 . Only those of us who had families to support didn’t leave to 7 something better. Still, I also remembered singing to myself while working. I remembered as I pushed the lumber carts, glancing out the window and joyously watching the leaves changing in the fall. I remembered how a 8 sandwich tasted like the greatest meal in the world after hours of hard work. I remembered being grateful for this job so I could feed my family. Remembering all this gave me the answer I needed for my daughter. “Just bring your love to your job then, sweetheart” I said. “If you can’t do what you love, then 9 what you do.” In this life we work to 10 , but we live to love. Without love, work is drudgery (苦差事). Yet, with love, work is joy. 1．A．choice B．effort C．advice D．invitation 2．A．wanted B．hated C．needed D．enjoyed 3．A．opinions B．regrets C．places D．memories 4．A．so B．moreover C．however D．because 5．A．hard B．easy C．pleasant D．interesting 6．A．hid B．visited C．came D．left 7．A．thank for B．wait for C．look for D．prepare for 8．A．different B．simple C．similar D．healthy 9．A．change B．love C．end D．respect 10．A．live B．get C．succeed D．practice Passage 2 （25-26九年级上·江苏苏州·月考）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Peter kept his eyes on the ground. He felt like there was a heavy weight on his 1 as he walked home alone. It was the worst day of his life. His mind would not stop thinking about what happened only an hour ago on the school soccer field. How could he have 2 scoring that goal? He had let his whole team down. His stupid 3 made him angry. His team had lost the game because of him. He was really 4 that his coach might kick him off the team. As soon as he walked through the door, his father asked, “What’s wrong, son?” Peter’s 5 were written all over his face. “I lost the game,” Peter replied. Then he went into his room without another 6 . Ten minutes later, Peter heard his father knocking on his bedroom door. He opened the door to let him in. “Look, Peter. I don’t know 7 happened. But whatever it was, don’t be too hard on yourself.” “I lost the game, Dad. I failed my team. They’ll 8 never let me play again”. “Soccer is about team 9 . You’re not the only reason your team lost. If you have a good team, you should 10 each other. Besides, winning or losing is only half the game. The other half is learning how to communicate with your teammates and learning from your mistakes.” Peter didn’t say anything, but what his father said made him think carefully. 1．A．ears B．hands C．shoulders D．eyes 2．A．finished B．missed C．avoided D．risked 3．A．mistake B．choice C．decision D．thought 4．A．pleased B．surprised C．excited D．worried 5．A．reports B．feelings C．diaries D．plans 6．A．word B．ball C．book D．thing 7．A．when B．how C．what D．where 8．A．suddenly B．carelessly C．mainly D．probably 9．A．address B．spirit C．course D．culture 10．A．support B．fight C．create D．spread Passage 3 （25-26九年级上·江苏南京·月考）On September 10, 2025, Luo Yonghao, a famous live-streaming host, 1 on social media that the food at Xibei restaurants was “mostly pre-made, expensive, and tasted bad.” The next day, Jia Guolong, the founder of Xibei, replied 2 : “Xibei is certainly not a pre-made food company.” He also said he would take legal action against Luo and open all Xibei kitchens to the 3 . According to national 4 , pre-made meals must be pre-processed in factories, pre-packaged, heated before eating, and must not include preservatives (防腐剂). Jia explained that Xibei only does “pre-processing”: ingredients are washed and cut in a 5 kitchen, but the actual cooking is done in each store. However, many people still 6 Xibei’s food. Luo pointed out that the dishes tasted “reheated” and were 7 of the fresh taste of pot cooking. He also questioned why the food was still so expensive though it wasn’t freshly made. A survey showed that 86% of people think the real problem is not the pre-made meals 8 but whether restaurants are honest about it. Most people support rules that require restaurants 9 pre-made meals clearly. They agree that while pre-made meals can be convenient, their price should be much lower than freshly made dishes. Customers should be informed about how their food 10 and be able to make their own choices. 1．A．developed B．posted C．agreed D．passed 2．A．heavily B．possibly C．strongly D．quietly 3．A．public B．staff C．business D．leader 4．A．standards B．research C．system D．secret 5．A．narrow B．private C．similar D．central 6．A．hate B．enjoy C．doubt D．believe 7．A．aware B．short C．full D．proud 8．A．ourselves B．yourselves C．itself D．themselves 9．A．mark B．marked C．marking D．to mark 10．A．is prepared B．prepared C．is preparing D．preparing Passage 1 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 “Ava, why don’t you read this paragraph for us?” Miss Margaret asked. 1 Ava was nervous, she stood up and began reading. She was nervous because she stammered (结结巴巴地说), “Em... Emma was standing...” Hearing this, some of the students 2 laughing. After class, Ava went to the library, hoping to 3 those students and practice reading. She sat in a far corner of the library and kept practicing. However, she realized that reading well was still difficult for her. She 4 needed a lot of practice and help. Aliza, one of her classmates who had been watching her for some time, went over to Ava and 5 to help. From then on, whenever they had free time, Aliza would go to help Ava with her reading. Some days later, 6 Ava began to read better and her confidence grew. At the end of the term, Miss Margaret held a reading test. When it was Ava’s 7 , to everyone’s surprise, Ava read the paragraph fluently (流利地). Both Miss Margaret and Aliza felt 8 of Ava. Ava was very thankful to Aliza for everything she did. She also realized that there are always two 9 of people in the world: those who make fun of you and those who help you out. We shouldn’t 10 others’ words to hold us back. Instead, we can use their sarcasm (讽刺) to push ourselves to get improved and be thankful to those who help and support us. 1．A．Though B．Before C．Unless D．Until 2．A．enjoyed B．minded C．started D．preferred 3．A．advise B．face C．avoid D．change 4．A．hardly B．clearly C．slowly D．carefully 5．A．stopped B．refused C．offered D．remembered 6．A．hard-working B．good-looking C．well-known D．highly-respected 7．A．way B．risk C．rule D．turn 8．A．sure B．tired C．proud D．afraid 9．A．hopes B．lessons C．values D．kinds 10．A．allow B．forget C．consider D．discuss Passage 2 The documentary Return to the Wolf has become popular again. It tells a touching story about a lady named Li Weiyi and a wolf named Green. In 2010, Li saved an orphaned (孤儿的) baby wolf and took him to the city. Realizing he 1 nature, she helped him return to the wild. After 2 many difficulties, Green successfully joined a wolf pack and found his true home. Their story has 3 millions of people to tears, showing that humans and animals can be true friends. 4 , this popularity has brought some problems. To get more “likes” on the Internet, many influencers and tourists are rushing to the protected area. Some of them even enter the deep forest without 5 . They set up cameras and started live-streaming with loud music, hoping to find the “Wolf King” Green. These 6 have seriously disturbed (打扰) the local environment. The loud noise and bright lights at night often 7 the wild animals away from their homes. Local herders (牧民) are also unhappy because the crowds have broken the peace of their lives. “Green has returned to nature, but some people are trying to pull nature into the noisy world of the Internet,” a local worker said 8 . Li Weiyi once said, “The wolf’s home is the wild.” We should learn that true love for animals is not about watching them closely, but about respecting their 9 . Wildlife protection should never be a tool for getting famous. We can enjoy the story through the screen, but we must keep our feet away 10 their silent home. Protecting nature is more than just clicking a “like” button. It requires us to keep a responsible distance. 1．A．compared to B．belonged to C．added to D．pointed to 2．A．avoiding B．receiving C．overcoming D．imagining 3．A．warned B．shocked C．pushed D．moved 4．A．However B．Instead C．Moreover D．But 5．A．communication B．introduction C．permission D．direction 6．A．stories B．enemies C．behaviors D．efforts 7．A．guide B．scare C．exchange D．kick 8．A．disappointedly B．excitedly C．proudly D．thankfully 9．A．safety B．privacy C．freedom D．creativity 10．A．as B．from C．for D．to Passage 3 My daughter was having trouble deciding on what main subject to learn at college, so she asked for my 1 . I told her the one thing I wish that I had been told at her age—“Find a career that you love and you will never work a day in your life.” I didn’t know how to answer, though, when she asked me what she should do if she had to take a job that she 2 . That question brought back a lot of 3 of jobs that I had over the years. I remembered one in particular (特别). My young family was struggling. We had no money, and there were no good jobs to be had in the area. My brother, 4 , got me a job at a local lumber yard. The work was 5 and meant constant pain for my back. Hours were spent loading and stacking (码放) wood. The pay was very low. In the winter the skin on my fingers bled from the cold, dry air. In the several years I worked there, many people 6 . Only those of us who had families to support didn’t leave to 7 something better. Still, I also remembered singing to myself while working. I remembered as I pushed the lumber carts, glancing out the window and joyously watching the leaves changing in the fall. I remembered how a 8 sandwich tasted like the greatest meal in the world after hours of hard work. I remembered being grateful for this job so I could feed my family. Remembering all this gave me the answer I needed for my daughter. “Just bring your love to your job then, sweetheart” I said. “If you can’t do what you love, then 9 what you do.” In this life we work to 10 , but we live to love. Without love, work is drudgery (苦差事). Yet, with love, work is joy. 1．A．choice B．effort C．advice D．invitation 2．A．wanted B．hated C．needed D．enjoyed 3．A．opinions B．regrets C．places D．memories 4．A．so B．moreover C．however D．because 5．A．hard B．easy C．pleasant D．interesting 6．A．hid B．visited C．came D．left 7．A．thank for B．wait for C．look for D．prepare for 8．A．different B．simple C．similar D．healthy 9．A．change B．love C．end D．respect 10．A．live B．get C．succeed D．practice Passage 4 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Late one night, Gulliver received a warning that some nobles (贵族) wanted him killed. Even the emperor of Lilliput wanted to give him less food to save money. It was true Gulliver was very expensive. Quickly, he wrote a letter to the emperor, “I’m off to visit Blefuscu, as I promised.” Then he hurried down to the sea 1 Lilliput and Blefuscu. The king of Blefuscu himself came out to meet him. “Welcome!” cried the king. “Stay 2 you like.” Walking on the beach a week later, Gulliver saw out at sea a small boat—but a full-sized one. It was floating upside down in the water. Gulliver rushed to the king. He begged, “Can you help me rescue (营救) the boat? This could be my chance to go home.” “Of course,” said the king. “Take some ships to help you.” Gulliver swam out to the boat, holding ropes from each of the 3 . With the ships pulling and Gulliver pushing, the boat was brought safely to shore. Gulliver and the king’s men began 4 the boat for his long journey home. Soon, the boat was finished. “I’d like to leave now,” Gulliver told the king. “But no one at home will 5 my story. Could I take some of your people with me?” “I can’t possibly 6 that,” said the king. “But you may take some 7 and a sheep.” He also gave Gulliver fifty bags of gold coins. “I don’t want you to go,” he said. “But I understand why you have to.” “Thank you,” said Gulliver. “I’ll never 8 you all.” After only a few days at sea in his boat, Gulliver saw a ship. He shouted and waved wildly. He was in luck! One sailor found him. The ship sailed over and 9 Gulliver. “Where have you come from?” asked the captain (船长) . “A place called Lilliput,” said Gulliver and he showed the captain the presents from the emperor. The captain was so surprised. For a few gold coins and a couple of cows, he 10 to take Gulliver all the way home. — Adapted from Gulliver’s Travels 1．A．between B．among C．upon D．during 2．A．as often as B．as far as C．as long as D．as soon as 3．A．boats B．ships C．men D．sails 4．A．breaking B．making C．fixing D．producing 5．A．make B．expect C．suppose D．believe 6．A．require B．refuse C．avoid D．allow 7．A．food B．cows C．coins D．people 8．A．forget B．regret C．force D．obey 9．A．picked up B．gave up C．set up D．dressed up 10．A．disagreed B．agreed C．agree D．agreement Passage 5 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Hello, everyone! Do you remember Gulliver’s Travels? I’m one of the tiny men from the story Gulliver in Lilliput. Let me tell you about it. After his ship crashed against the rocks (触礁), Gulliver swam as far as he 1 . By the time he finally felt the land under his feet, he was tired out. He 2 down on the beach and went to sleep. He woke up as the sun was 3 , but he found he could not move. His arms, legs and hair were 4 to the ground! Then he felt something on his leg. It moved up over his stomach and neck until it was standing near his face. He was very 5 when he saw such a small man. He found the small man was the same size 6 his little finger! “Where was I? Who was this tiny person?” he asked himself. Soon some of us started climbing all over him. There were around 40 of us. He shouted at us—the loud noise 7 us all fall over. However, we soon got up again and continued moving across his body. One of our leaders began talking to him, but Gulliver could not understand him. He did not know what to say 8 . He tried to pull one hand free and finally managed to break the ropes. When he lifted one of his hands into the air, we began to shout. He looked 9 and saw a huge army. We were going straight towards him. “I must run away from them,” he thought, but he did not know how to get away. Do you know if he ran away 10 ? 1．A．can B．might C．must D．could 2．A．feeled B．felt C．falled D．fell 3．A．rose B．rising C．risen D．rised 4．A．tie B．tying C．tied D．ties 5．A．surprised B．happy C．sad D．excited 6．A．to B．as C．with D．like 7．A．got B．asked C．told D．made 8．A．as well B．also C．either D．too 9．A．up B．down C．straight D．around 10．A．to the end B．by the end C．at the end D．in the end Passage 6 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was a little girl, I used to be very shy. I was afraid of 1 in front of people. I even didn’t dare to speak loudly. My parents were worried about me. They 2 me to take part in some activities to build up my confidence. One day, my teacher asked me to give a speech in class. I was 3 at first. But my teacher encouraged me and said, “You can do it. Just believe in yourself.” I took a deep breath and started my speech. To my 4 , I did it well. Everyone clapped their hands for me, and I felt a warm sense of pride. After that, I became more confident. I 5 to join the school English club. I made many friends there and practiced speaking English every day. Now I can speak English 6 and I’m not afraid of speaking in public anymore. Last month, I 7 a speech competition. I won the first prize. My parents and teachers were 8 of me. I felt very happy and realized that practice really makes perfect. This experience taught me that 9 is very important. If you believe in yourself, you can do anything. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. Just try your best and you will 10 . 1．A．speak B．speaking C．to speak D．speaks 2．A．advised B．stopped C．kept D．prevented 3．A．excited B．nervous C．happy D．sad 4．A．surprise B．joy C．sadness D．regret 5．A．refused B．decided C．forgot D．hated 6．A．clearly B．badly C．slowly D．loudly 7．A．took part in B．gave up C．thought of D．looked for 8．A．afraid B．tired C．proud D．ashamed 9．A．confidence B．honesty C．kindness D．patience 10．A．succeed B．fail C．cry D．laugh Passage 7 阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的一个最佳选项。 Franz Kafka is a famous writer and he never married and had no children. Once, when he was walking through a park in Berlin, Germany, he 1 a young girl crying. She lost her favorite doll (玩偶). He helped her look for the doll, but they couldn’t 2 it. Kafka told her to meet him there the next day and they would look for it 3 . The next day, they still couldn’t find the doll, so Kafka gave the girl a letter “written” by the doll that said, “Please do not be 4 . I have gone on a trip to see the world. To share about my adventures (冒险经历), I’m going to 5 to you.” Then, the story began and didn’t stop 6 Kafka died. When they would meet, Kafka read a letter of the doll (which he wrote, of course) of adventures. Finally, Kafka read her a letter. In the letter, the doll said it finally came back to Berlin. Then, he gave her a 7 that he bought in a store. “This does not look like my doll at all,” she said. Then Kafka handed her a letter that said, “My trips have 8 me.” The girl hugged (拥抱) the new doll and took her home. A year later, Kafka died. Many years later, the 9 found a letter inside the doll. The letter, signed by Kafka, said, “Everything you love is very likely to be 10 . But in the end, love will return in a different way.” 1．A．saw B．thought C．felt D．liked 2．A．get B．buy C．find D．make 3．A．once B．more C．yet D．again 4．A．excited B．interested C．sad D．comfortable 5．A．listen B．introduce C．write D．walk 6．A．because B．when C．but D．until 7．A．picture B．letter C．doll D．pen 8．A．hurt B．changed C．helped D．left 9．A．girl B．writer C．man D．seller 10．A．new B．lost C．common D．active Passage 8 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Once in a physics class, the teacher asked students, “Why do we have brakes (刹车) in our cars?” Soon, students gave 1 answers. A student stood up and replied, “Sir, to 2 the car.” Some other students said, “To reduce and control the 3 of the car.” However, none of the answers was the 4 as the teacher’s. Then he said, “All of your answers are right. But in my opinion, the brakes in the car make us able to drive much faster.” “If the car has no brakes, how fast are we ready to 5 ? The brakes in the car do give us 6 to drive fast and safely.” Hearing this, the whole class was in surprise because no one had imagined this answer. Similarly, there are many such “brakes” in our 7 , which seem to stop us. For example, our parents may ask us about progress or decisions in life. Their questions or suggestions may be regarded as “brakes” that stand in our way. But we can see them as our supporters that can protect us from 8 while taking risks. Sometimes, we have to stop or even step back, so that we can take a big step. In fact, it is the “brakes” in life that help us a lot. Without these “brakes”, we could lose our direction or 9 danger. So we need to understand that “brakes” in our life don’t mean pushing us back but making us move forward much 10 than before. 1．A．common B．exact C．separate D．different 2．A．stop B．take C．brush D．clean 3．A．taste B．speed C．dream D．flight 4．A．easy B．same C．quiet D．strict 5．A．push B．fly C．drive D．swim 6．A．wound B．patience C．courage D．direction 7．A．road B．life C．trip D．family 8．A．stress B．fire C．danger D．movement 9．A．put off B．get into C．carry out D．think over 10．A．higher B．louder C．faster D．better Passage 9 Do you know that feeling when you see a task you really don’t want to do? Your brain says, “Maybe later.” But here’s the truth: the longer you wait, the 1 it becomes. So how can you force yourself to do hard things? First, understand your brain. It prefers 2 and avoids hard work. The most difficult part of any task is simply 3 . Once you begin, it gets easier. Then, use the “Two-Minute Rule”. Tell yourself you will only work on the task 4 two minutes. Just write one sentence or read one paragraph. Starting breaks the mental barrier (障碍), and you will often 5 for longer. Next, make it a habit. Think about brushing your teeth—you just do it 6 . Treat hard tasks the same way. Say “This is what I should do”, 7 “Do I want to do this?” Also, treat yourself to a 8 after finishing, such as a cup of coffee or a short break. Never do it before starting, or your brain will be encouraged to put off the task longer. Finally, remember 9 comes from challenge. Doing hard things makes you stronger. The key is 10 , not just talent. Next time you hesitate (犹豫), just start. Use these simple rules. Hard things don’t get easier by themselves—you get stronger through effort. 1．A．colder B．faster C．smaller D．harder 2．A．comfort B．pain C．sadness D．effort 3．A．thinking B．starting C．planning D．discussing 4．A．up B．off C．at D．for 5．A．lie B．cheat C．continue D．celebrate 6．A．slowly B．bravely C．carefully D．naturally 7．A．instead of B．except for C．because of D．according to 8．A．lesson B．gift C．risk D．task 9．A．failure B．regret C．growth D．danger 10．A．action B．protection C．education D．communication Passage 10 Luen, a student from China, was learning English in Canada. One day, his Canadian friend had him buy some green onions. Luen did it right away. He knew what an onion was—a round 1 with layers. How hard could it be? But on the way to the store, he started to think. “What is a green onion? It must be an onion that is green.” When he got to the store, he looked at all the onions. There were red, white, and purple onions—but no green ones. He felt 2 . Then he had an idea. “Maybe the inside is green.” He 3 a white onion and took off the skin. Inside, he saw a light green colour. “Yes! I found it!” he thought 4 . He bought the onion and took it home. When he gave it to his friend, his friend looked puzzled. “Why did you buy a white onion? I asked for green onions.” Luen 5 , “Look—the inside is green!” His friend laughed. Then he said, “A green onion is 6 . It has long green leaves and a small white end. People use the green part for 7 . It’s not just an onion that is green.” His friend 8 , “In English, some words are made of two words. They’re called compound words. But the 9 isn’t always what you might expect. For example, an eggplant doesn’t have eggs. A hot dog isn’t a dog.” Luen felt a little embarrassed, but he also felt happy. He 10 something new from this experience. And he would never forget what green onions really are! 1．A．leaf B．fruit C．flower D．vegetable 2．A．excited B．angry C．surprised D．sick 3．A．picked up B．put down C．looked for D．dealt with 4．A．freely B．deeply C．suddenly D．happily 5．A．doubted B．explained C．shouted D．nodded 6．A．simple B．strange C．common D．different 7．A．cooking B．sharing C．sale D．show 8．A．continued B．warned C．stopped D．repeated 9．A．form B．history C．meaning D．spelling 10．A．managed B．learned C．caught D．started 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题12 完形填空（10空）（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 词汇辨析题 考点二 逻辑推理题 考点三 上下文语境题 考点四 固定搭配题 考点五 生活常识题 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1. 题型与分值：以10 空 / 15 空短文完形为主，词数 150–350，分值占比10%–15%，为中考英语核心区分题型。 2. 体裁与题材：以记叙文 / 夹叙夹议为主，辅以说明文、议论文；题材聚焦成长励志、校园生活、传统文化、科技科普、社会公益，强立德树人、正能量导向。 3. 设题规律：实词为主（约 80%），虚词为辅；首句一般不设空，空格间距均匀；90% 以上题目需语境推理，纯语法题极少，突出语篇整体理解。 4. 命题原则：立足译林版教材，对标新课标核心素养，强调真实语境、逻辑连贯、词汇活用，兼顾基础与选拔功能。 热考角度 1. 上下文语境题（核心）：依托情节、情感、人物动作、原词 / 同义复现推理答案，占比最高。 2. 词汇辨析题：重点考查动词、名词、形容词、副词及动词短语的近义 / 形近区分，强调语境适配而非死记词义。 3. 逻辑推理题：集中考查转折、因果、让步、条件、递进五大逻辑，高频连词：but/however/although/because/so。 4. 固定搭配题：高频动词短语、介词搭配、形容词短语，基础送分题，考查语言习惯积累。 5. 生活常识 / 文化题：结合科学常识、中外文化、本土特色（如南京、苏州、景德镇文化元素）简单判断。 …… 命题预测 1. 选材更贴时代：融入AI、环保、传统文化、本土文化、心理健康等热点，语篇更地道、更具时代感。 2. 能力考查升级：从 “单词记忆” 转向语篇综合运用，强化深层逻辑、情感变化、主旨推理，减少单句简单题。 3. 设题更重语境：近义词辨析更精细，选项干扰性增强，必须结合全文线索作答，杜绝 “一眼选答案”。 4. 素养导向凸显：增加文化意识、思维品质考查，轻语法规则、重逻辑与价值理解，符合新课标命题方向。 5. 地市差异趋同：南京、苏州、无锡、扬州等核心地市命题风格统一，10 空 / 15 空并行，考点分布、难度梯度基本一致。 一、整体概览 项目 内容 考查形式 10 空 / 15 空短文完形填空，体裁以记叙文、夹叙夹议为主 分值占比 中考英语总分 10%–15%，是阅读理解核心题型 命题特点 立足语境、侧重逻辑、强化运用，突出语篇理解与词汇辨析 核心能力 上下文推理、逻辑判断、固定搭配、词汇辨析、生活常识 二、五大核心考点 命题考向 解题方法 高频考查点 名词、动词、形容词、副词、动词短语词义区分 1. 看词性是否一致2. 辨词义差异3. 代入语境验证 形近词、近义词、短语辨析 转折、因果、让步、条件、递进等逻辑关系 1. 找逻辑连词2. 看前后句态度 / 语义3. 定关系词 although/but/however/because 依据前后文提示、人物情感、动作呼应选词 1. 圈画关键词2. 找原词复现 / 近义替换3. 结合情节推理 原词重现、情感态度、动作连贯 动词短语、介词短语、形容词固定结构 1. 积累高频搭配2. 看空格前后词汇3. 直接锁定答案 set up、take part in、be famous for 生活经验、科学知识、文化背景判断 1. 脱离原文用常识判断2. 结合常识排除错误项 健康常识、工艺常识、社会习惯 三、解题步骤 操作要点 用时建议 跳过空格，把握主旨、人物、情节、情感 1–2 分钟 先易后难，固定搭配 / 常识题直接选，难题标记 5–6 分钟 结合上下文、逻辑、语境补全难题，验证一致性 2–3 分钟 通读完整短文，检查语法、语义、逻辑通顺 1 分钟 题型01 词汇辨析题 考查：名词 / 动词 / 形容词 / 副词词义区分，选项词性相同、含义相近，需精准判断 联系前后文：词汇的意义往往要根据上下文来确定，所以要认真阅读空格前后的句子，寻找与选项词汇相关的线索，如近义词、反义词、解释说明等。 把握语篇逻辑：注意文章中的逻辑关系词，如 but、however、therefore、besides 等，它们能帮助判断句子之间的逻辑关系，从而确定合适的词汇。 We never stop learning. The most important skill I 31 at school was keeping a routine. 31．A．made up B．picked up C．put off D．held back 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在学校学到的最重要的技能是保持日常生活的习惯。A. made up弥补；B. picked up学习；C. put off推迟；D. held back撤回。根据空后“at school”可知 【举一反三】 例1：（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期末） When I was young, flowers filled my mom’s garden each spring. I 1 thought that Mom had done much about them behind the scenes, until she shared her secret with me. A．always B．often C．seldom D．never 【答案】D 【解析】 本题考查副词词义辨析及上下文逻辑。句意：我从未想过妈妈在背后为这些花付出了那么多，直到她把秘密告诉了我。根据下文“until she shared her secret with me”可知，在妈妈分享秘密之前，“我”是不知道她的付出的。A项“总是”、B项“经常”、C项“很少”均与“until（直到……才）”所暗示的先前“不知情”状态不符。D项“从未”最能体现这种在得知秘密前的全然不知，为正确答案。 例2：（2026·江苏常州·一模） I asked his advice on how I could handle his such behaviors. His response was surprisingly 3. A．plain B．encouraging C．typical D．cautious 【答案】A 【解析】 本题考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我问他我该如何应对他的这些行为。他的回答出乎意料地直白。根据下文“He just said that there was no secret plan to drive me crazy.”可知，儿子的回答非常直接、简单，没有修饰或复杂的解释。A项“直白的、简单的”准确描述了这种回答方式。B项“鼓舞人心的”、C项“典型的”、D项“谨慎的”均与下文描述的具体内容不符。 例3：（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期末） I froze for a moment—and then smiled from ear to ear. I was wild with joy and thanked her again and again until I ran out of 11. A．words B．courage C．order D．patience 【答案】A 【解析】 本题考查名词词义辨析及固定表达。句意：我欣喜若狂，一次又一次地感谢她，直到我说不出话来。根据上文“thanked her again and again”可知，动作是反复道谢。run out of words是常用表达，意为“词穷，说不出话来”，生动形象地表达了因过度激动或感谢而无法继续用语言表达的状态。B项“勇气”、C项“秩序”、D项“耐心”均不符合“反复道谢”导致的自然结果。 题型02 逻辑推理题 此类题目要求考生根据句子、段落间的逻辑关系（如转折、因果、递进、并列等）选择正确的连接词或副词，使文章衔接流畅。 · 理解文章主旨： · 把握中心思想：浏览文章，了解文章的中心思想和主题。这有助于理解文章的整体逻辑结构。 · 关注首尾段落：首尾段落通常包含文章的主旨和总结，对理解文章逻辑有重要作用。 · 分析段落关系： · 段落功能：明确每个段落的功能，如引言、论述、举例、总结等。这有助于理解段落之间的逻辑关系。 · 过渡词句：注意段落之间的过渡词句，如"however"、"furthermore"、"in conclusion"等，这些词句表明段落之间的逻辑关系。 ....... My love for theatre is ____25____. As early as middle school, I was ____26____ that I’d become a famous actress. In high school, I won tournaments several times in a classroom setting. But I broke out in a cold ____27____ at the thought of standing on the stage with lights and curtains. In college, I still failed to perform on stage because of my ____28____ of making a fool of myself in front of strangers. Life moved on. I ____29____ my dream of being on stage in favor of my family. Then, I realized one day how much I _____30_____ the theater. Therefore, when I spotted the ad for auditions, I gathered my _____31_____. ....... 25. A. symbolic B. endless C. admirable D. abnormal 26. A. sad B. proud C. certain D. worried 27. A. eye B. temperature C. shoulder D. sweat 28. A. fear B. memory C. way D. hope 29. A. called on B. put forward C. set aside D. reflected on 30. A. required B. deserved C. missed D. represented 31. A. courage B. reputation C. purpose D. capacity 【答案】 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章详细叙述了作者因对戏剧的热爱而鼓起勇气参加试镜的经历，包括之前 的犹豫、决定、等待以及最终的试镜结果。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对戏剧的热爱无穷无尽。A. symbolic象征性的；B. endless无止境的；C. admirable令人钦佩的；D. abnormal异常的。根据下文“As early as middle school, I was ____6____ that I’d become a famous actress. In high school, I won tournaments several times in a classroom setting.”可知，作者非常热爱戏剧。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：早在中学时期，我就确信自己会成为一名著名的女演员。A. sad伤心的；B. proud自豪的；C. certain确定的；D. worried担忧的。根据“In high school, I won tournaments several times in a classroom setting.”可知，作者很确信自己会成为一个成功的女演员。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但一想到要站在有灯光和幕布的舞台上，我就会吓得出一身冷汗。A. eye眼睛；B. temperature温度；C. shoulder肩膀；D. sweat汗水。根据下文“In college, I still failed to perform on stage because of my ________ of making a fool of myself in front of strangers.”可推测，作者害怕站在舞台上；由此可知，一想到要站在有灯光和幕布的舞台上，作者就会吓出一身冷汗。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大学里，我仍然因为害怕在陌生人面前出丑而没能上台表演。A. fear恐惧；B. memory记忆；C. way方式、方法；D. hope希望。根据上文“But I broke out in a cold ________ at the thought of standing on the stage with lights and curtains.”以及空前“I still failed to perform on stage”可推测，作者害怕在陌生人面前出丑。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我为了家庭把站上舞台的梦想搁置一边。A. called on号召；B. put forward提出；C. set aside留出、搁置一边；D. reflected on反省。根据空后的“in favor of my family”可知，作者虽然喜欢表演，但是一直害怕走上舞台，随着生活的继续，作者又为了家庭把自己表演的梦想搁置一边。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，有一天我意识到自己是多么想念戏剧。A. required要求；B. deserved值得；C. missed错过、思念；D. represented代表。根据上文“My love for theatre”和“my dream of being on stage”可知，作者非常想念戏剧。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我看到试镜的广告时，我鼓起勇气。A. courage勇气；B. reputation名声；C. purpose目的；D. capacity能力。根据第一段“Finally, I said it out loud. “If you don’t get out of this car right now, I’ll never ____ you.” That did the ______ . I headed for the building where auditions (试镜) were going on for a community-theater production.”可知，作者鼓起勇气走进大楼参加试镜。故选A。 【举一反三】 例1：（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期末） My fingers were numb (麻木的) by the time we finished. 3_______, the ground looked just as empty and flat as it had been before. 3. A．Instead B．Moreover C．However D．Otherwise 【答案】C 【解析】 本题考查逻辑关系副词辨析。句意：我们完成时，我的手指都麻木了。然而，地面看起来却和以前一样空旷平坦。前句强调付出了辛苦劳动（手指麻木），后句结果却是地面看起来毫无变化，前后语义形成强烈转折。C项“然而”用于引出与预期相反的情况，符合此处的转折逻辑。A项“相反”多用于对比替代关系；B项“此外”表递进；D项“否则”表条件结果，均不适用。 例2：（25-26九年级上·江苏盐城·期末） The son wondered 3_________ still did as he was told. 3. A．But B．so C．because D．or 【答案】A 【解析】 本题考查连词辨析及逻辑关系。句意：儿子很疑惑，但还是照做了。“wondered（疑惑）”和“did as he was told（照做）”之间是转折关系，即尽管心里有疑问，但行动上依然服从。A项“但是”完美连接了这种让步转折关系。B项“所以”表因果，C项“因为”表原因，D项“或者”表选择，均不符合语境。 例3：（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期末） I felt it might last hours 9__________ I reached her desk. 9. A．Before B．After C．whenever D．unless 【答案】A 【解析】 本题考查连词辨析及时间逻辑。句意：我觉得（这段路）可能要走好几个小时，我才能走到她的桌前。此处描述“我”走向老师桌前的心理感受，强调过程漫长，需要很长时间“之后”才能到达。“before”在否定句中或与一段时间连用时，常可译为“才”，准确地表达了“经过很长时间才发生某事”的时间逻辑关系。B项“在……之后”不符合“感觉漫长”的语境；C项“无论何时”和D项“除非”均不表示时间长度。 题型03 上下文语境题 此类题目完全依赖对文章整体内容、具体情境及人物情感态度的理解，选项本身可能无直接关联，需在通篇语境中定位答案。解决此类题型时，要求学生增强语篇逻辑意识，弄清文章内在逻辑关系，根据上下文内容，并适当进行逻辑推理来做出选择。先易后难，循序渐进和带入答案，查读验证仍然适用于夹叙夹议文类完形填空的解题。 As I was getting ready to check out some books, I recalled that I needed to obtain a particular brand of canned cat food from the vet. Upon entering the veterinary clinic, I found the vet helper assisting other customers. While waiting in line for my turn, I____41____another gentleman come in and approach the counter. Seeing the anxious expression on his face, I offered to____42____him to be served first, remarking that I would go to the____43____meanwhile. ....... 【答案】41. B 42. B 43. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者的小小善举得到回报的故事，这让作者意识到我们的世界对善意的行为是多么敏感，一个小小的举动可以以我们可能永远无法完全理解的方式传播并影响他人的生活。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在排队等候时，我注意到另一位先生走了进来，走近柜台。A. whispered低声地说；B. observed注意到；C. stared盯着；D. listened听。根据下文“another gentleman come in and approach the counter.”可知，作者注意到另一位先生走了进来。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到他脸上焦虑的表情，我提出先给他服务，并说在此期间我要去图书馆。A. warn警告；B. allow允许；C. forbid禁止；D. prefer更喜欢。根据上文“Seeing the anxious expression on his face”可知，看到他脸上焦虑的表情，作者提出允许他先被服务。故选B项。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到他脸上焦虑的表情，我提出先给他服务，并说在此期间我要去图书馆。A. college大学；B. market市场；C. theatre剧院；D. library图书馆。根据上文“As I was getting ready to check out some books”可知，作者在此期间要去图书馆。故选D项。 【举一反三】 例1：（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期末） “Flowers are like kindness,” Mom said. “Their 10_________ is meant to be shared.” 10. A．sizes B．shapes C．meaning D．beauty 【答案】D 【解析】 本题考查名词辨析及主题语境。句意：“鲜花就像善意，”妈妈说，“它们的美就在于分享。”本文核心主题是通过分享鲜花来分享美与善意。上文提到应该把花送给邻居，下文提到“beauty sharing”，因此此处填入“beauty（美）”最能紧扣主题，并与下文形成呼应。A项“尺寸”、B项“形状”、C项“意义”均偏离了“分享美”这一核心语境。 例2：（2026·江苏常州·一模） That conversation was a 8_________. It seemed as if I’d been 9________ a look behind the curtain to understand what was going on. 8. A．game changer B．road block C．green light D．deal breaker 【答案】A 【解析】 本题考查名词短语辨析及篇章语境。句意：那次谈话改变了一切。这次谈话仿佛让我有幸窥见了背后的真相。根据下文作者转变态度、调整方法并取得积极效果可知，这次谈话是关系改善的关键转折点。A项“game changer”意为“改变局面的事物、关键转折点”，完全符合此次谈话在整篇故事中的核心作用。B项“路障”、C项“绿灯”、D项“破坏协议的因素”均与语境积极转变的走向相反。 例3：（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期末） In my heart, the crystal 15 ________a lot—it was not just a gift, but a chance for a teacher and a student to understand each other better. 15. A．praised B．mattered C．explored D．prepared 【答案】B 【解析】 本题考查动词辨析及总结性语境。句意：在我心里，这个晶体很重要——它不仅仅是一个礼物，更是师生之间相互理解的契机。破折号后的内容是对前半句的解释说明，强调晶体意义重大。B项“mattered”意为“重要，有关系”，直接点明晶体在作者心中的分量和意义。A项“赞扬”、C项“探索”、D项“准备”均无法承载后文所解释的深层含义。 题型04 固定搭配题 此类题目考查动词与介词、副词、名词的固定组合，或常见的习惯用语，需要考生熟记常用搭配。对于这类题型，学生在平时的学习中，要多掌握一些语法现象、多记多背一些固定结构和习惯搭配，并掌握它们的基本用法，这样就能够轻松解题了。 Tucked away in Tongxiang city, Zhejiang province, the captivating water town of Puyuan is 1 in history and elegance. 1．A．shrouded B．soaked C．steeped D．submerged 【答案】C 【解析 】这篇说明文主要介绍了位于浙江省桐乡市的濮院，是一个历史与优雅并存的迷人水乡。本题考查动词词义辨析兼顾运用与上句的平行关系。句意：坐落在浙江省桐乡的迷人水乡——濮院，历史与优雅并存。A. shrouded笼罩；B. soaked浸泡；C. steeped使沉浸；D. submerged淹没。根据句意以及下文“history and elegance”由此可知，此处应表示濮院沉浸在历史与优雅中。be steeped in“沉浸于”为固定短语。故选C项。 【举一反三】 例1：（25-26九年级上·江苏盐城·期末） He gave his son a stone and said, “Take it to the market tomorrow and see how much people will 2 ___________for it. 2. A．do B．work C．offer D．fight 【答案】C 【解析】 本题考查动词固定搭配。句意：他给了儿子一块石头，说：“明天把它带到市场，看看人们会为它出多少钱。”“offer money for something”是固定搭配，意为“为某物出价”。其他选项：A项“do for”常表示“为……做”或“足够……用”；B项“work for”意为“为……工作”；D项“fight for”意为“为……而战”，均与“出价购买”的语境不符。 例2：（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期末） Early the next morning, Mom 11__________ me up. 11. A．woke B．cheered C．picked D．gave 【答案】A 【解析】 本题考查动词短语固定搭配。句意：第二天一早，妈妈叫醒了我。根据语境，早晨妈妈需要叫“我”起床去送花。“wake sb. up”是固定短语，意为“叫醒某人”。B项“cheer up”意为“使振奋”；C项“pick up”意为“捡起、接载”；D项“give up”意为“放弃”，均不符合“早晨叫醒”的动作。 例3：（2026·江苏常州·一模） I could lead with kindness and aim for 11____________ over cleanliness. 11. A．freedom B．protection C．peace D．control 【答案】C 【解析】 本题考查介词搭配及语境化固定概念。句意：我可以以友善的方式与他相处，追求和睦相处而非一味追求整洁。“aim for”意为“力求，旨在达到”，其后接目标。根据上文矛盾源于对整洁的苛求，以及“lead with kindness（以友善引领）”的提示，此处目标应是家庭关系的“和睦、和平”。“peace over cleanliness”构成了“要和睦，不要仅仅整洁”的对比选择，是符合语境的“概念性”固定搭配。其他选项在意义上无法与“cleanliness”形成合理对比。 题型05 生活常识题 此类题目答案的选择需要借助一般性生活常识、科学知识或普遍认同的逻辑，而不仅仅依赖于上下文文字。解决此类题型时，应该把自己学到的有关文化背景知识和生活常识灵活运用，注意中西文化的一些差别。但有些没有定论的、或自己没有把握的知识，不能作为判断的依据，这时就要尊重原文的描述。 If you 34 with social anxiety too, you may have experienced such things: 34．A．struggle B．assist C．deal D．engage 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你也在与社交焦虑作斗争，你可能经历过这样的事情。A. struggle挣扎，斗争；B. assist帮助；C. deal处理；D. engage参与。根据下文“with social anxiety too, you may have experienced such things”可知，此处应表示如果你也在与社交焦虑作斗争，你可能经历过这样的事情。故选A项。 【举一反三】 例1：（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期末） We brought the baskets and stopped near the first house. I took one basket, set it by the doorstep and rang the bell, then we quickly ran away. To make sure that no one took notice of us, we 12__________ behind the trees and waited. 12. A．played B．hid C．jumped D．chatted 【答案】B 【解析】 本题考查基于生活常识的动作判断。句意：为了确保没有人注意到我们，我们躲在树后等待。根据生活常识，当不想被人发现时，最合理的动作是“躲藏（hide）”。前文“ran away（跑开）”和“make sure that no one took notice of us（确保没人注意到我们）”都强烈暗示了需要隐藏自己。A项“玩耍”、C项“跳跃”、D项“聊天”都是容易引起注意的动作，与“不想被发现”的意图相悖。 例2：（25-26九年级上·江苏盐城·期末） The next day, the son went to the curator (馆长). The man checked the stone 7 _______ and said, “This is a valuable mineral specimen (矿物标本)! I will give you thirty dollars for it.” 7. A．quickly B．hurriedly C．nervously D．carefully 【答案】D 【解析】 本题考查基于社会角色常识的副词判断。句意：这个人仔细检查了石头，然后说：“这是一件珍贵的矿物标本！我愿意给你30美元买它。”根据常识，博物馆馆长在鉴定一件可能珍贵的矿物标本时，一定会“仔细地、认真地（carefully）”进行检查，以确保判断的准确性。A项“快速地”、B项“匆忙地”显得草率，C项“紧张地”不符合馆长专业、镇定的身份特征。 例3：（25-26九年级下·江苏泰州·开学考试） When he was around 14, he worked as a carpenter (木匠) to make a 6._______ 6. A．change B．living C．friend D．mistake 【答案】B 【解析】 本题考查基于社会生存常识的名词判断。句意：当他大约14岁时，他做木匠来谋生。根据历史与生活常识，齐白石幼年家贫，很早就需要工作来养活自己。“work as a carpenter”表示从事木匠这份职业，其最直接、普遍的目的就是“谋生（make a living）”。A项“改变”、C项“交朋友”、D项“犯错”均不是从事一份工作的首要或普遍目的。 （2025·江苏苏州·中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Light rain continued to fall as I arrived at the mountain village. With a heavy bag on my back, I was excited to teach at a small school here, but a little 1 . What would these students be like? The school had only 18 students. Most were quiet, 2 they ran and laughed at break. One girl, Wen, always sat alone in the corner, seldom saying anything. On my first day in the classroom, I shared with them a 3 with the words “You are seen” on it and put it up on the wall. Some smiled shyly and some spoke quietly. “That’s why I’m here,” I said. However, Wen didn’t 4 . She was just drawing circles on the desk with her finger. Days passed quickly. The lessons were 5 planned. The children were kind. But my effort seemed to make little difference. I was not sure if I was doing anything 6 . One night, a heavy storm caused a power cut, leaving the classroom in darkness. As everyone was frozen, a soft light appeared. It was Wen who was holding a 7 in her hand. “We can still read.” she whispered. That was the first time I heard her voice. The next day, she sat 8 . In the following days, she began to talk more. In my last class, she came up and gave me the lantern. “So you will always have some 9 ,” she smiled gently. I came to give light, but found it was quietly 10 . Volunteering isn’t always loud or big. Sometimes, it’s a quiet lantern—shared between the two, and shining in both directions. 1．A．bored B．relaxed C．nervous D．surprised 2．A．though B．so C．since D．when 3．A．dictionary B．poster C．cake D．cup 4．A．stand up B．give up C．wake up D．look up 5．A．slowly B．carefully C．directly D．finally 6．A．simple B．interesting C．popular D．meaningful 7．A．book B．lantern C．candle D．lamp 8．A．farther B．lower C．closer D．longer 9．A．fun B．time C．light D．hope 10．A．returned B．collected C．connected D．accepted 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文讲述一位教师到山村支教的故事，通过一盏灯笼的互动，展现了教育中双向的温暖与意义。 1．句意：背着一个沉重的背包，我很兴奋能在这儿的一所小学校教书，但也有点紧张。 bored无聊的；relaxed放松的；nervous紧张的；surprised惊讶的。根据“What would these students be like?”可知，因为不知道自己所教导的学生会是什么样的，所以有点紧张。故选C。 2．句意：大多数人都很安静，虽然他们在课间会跑着笑着。 though虽然，尽管；so所以；since自从；when当……时。根据“Most were quiet, ...they ran and laughed at break.”可知，though符合语境，引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然他们会在课间时跑着笑着，但大部分人还是很安静的”。故选A。 3．句意：第一天在教室里，我和他们分享了一张印有“你被看见了”字样的海报，并把它贴在了墙上。 dictionary词典；poster海报；cake蛋糕；cup杯子。根据“and put it up on the wall”可知，贴在墙上的应该是海报。故选B。 4．句意：然而，文没有抬头。 stand up站起来；give up放弃；wake up醒来；look up抬头看。根据下文“She was just drawing circles on the desk with her finger.”可知，她只是用手指在书桌上画着圆圈，并没有抬起头来看。故选D。 5．句意：这些课程都是精心策划的。 slowly缓慢地；carefully仔细地，认真地；directly直接地；finally最终。根据下文“my effort...”可知，“我”非常认真地规划了这些课程。故选B。 6．句意：我不确定自己是否在做有意义的事情。 simple简单的；interesting有趣的；popular受欢迎的；meaningful有意义的。根据上文“But my effort seemed to make little difference.”可知，“我”的努力似乎收效甚微，甚至不太确定自己做的事情是否有意义。故选D。 7．句意：正当所有人都僵在原地时，一道柔和的光出现了。原来是文，她手里正提着一盏灯笼。 book书本；lantern灯笼；candle蜡烛；lamp灯。根据下文“she came up and gave me the lantern”可知，此处应是指灯笼。故选B。 8．句意：第二天，她坐得更近了。 farther更远地；lower更低地；closer更近地；longer更长的。根据上文“One girl, Wen, always sat alone in the corner, seldom saying anything.”可知，之前文总是独自坐在角落里，很少说话；结合下文“In the following days, she began to talk more.”可知，之后她坐得更近了，也开始多说话了。故选C。 9．句意：这样你就会一直有光。 fun乐趣；time时间；light光；hope希望。根据上文“In my last class, she came up and gave me the lantern.”可知，灯笼会带来“光”。故选C。 10．句意：我本是来给予光芒的，却发现光芒正被悄然回赠。 returned归还，回报；collected收集；connected连接；accepted接受。根据上文“In my last class, she came up and gave me the lantern.”可知，文把灯笼给了我，她回赠了我“光芒”。故选A。 Passage 1 （25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·月考）My daughter was having trouble deciding on what main subject to learn at college, so she asked for my 1 . I told her the one thing I wish that I had been told at her age—“Find a career that you love and you will never work a day in your life.” I didn’t know how to answer, though, when she asked me what she should do if she had to take a job that she 2 . That question brought back a lot of 3 of jobs that I had over the years. I remembered one in particular (特别). My young family was struggling. We had no money, and there were no good jobs to be had in the area. My brother, 4 , got me a job at a local lumber yard. The work was 5 and meant constant pain for my back. Hours were spent loading and stacking (码放) wood. The pay was very low. In the winter the skin on my fingers bled from the cold, dry air. In the several years I worked there, many people 6 . Only those of us who had families to support didn’t leave to 7 something better. Still, I also remembered singing to myself while working. I remembered as I pushed the lumber carts, glancing out the window and joyously watching the leaves changing in the fall. I remembered how a 8 sandwich tasted like the greatest meal in the world after hours of hard work. I remembered being grateful for this job so I could feed my family. Remembering all this gave me the answer I needed for my daughter. “Just bring your love to your job then, sweetheart” I said. “If you can’t do what you love, then 9 what you do.” In this life we work to 10 , but we live to love. Without love, work is drudgery (苦差事). Yet, with love, work is joy. 1．A．choice B．effort C．advice D．invitation 2．A．wanted B．hated C．needed D．enjoyed 3．A．opinions B．regrets C．places D．memories 4．A．so B．moreover C．however D．because 5．A．hard B．easy C．pleasant D．interesting 6．A．hid B．visited C．came D．left 7．A．thank for B．wait for C．look for D．prepare for 8．A．different B．simple C．similar D．healthy 9．A．change B．love C．end D．respect 10．A．live B．get C．succeed D．practice 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了作者面对女儿的大学专业选择困惑，分享了自己年轻时在木材市场辛苦工作的经历，最终领悟到“热爱是工作的灵魂”，并以此给女儿提出了真诚的建议：找到热爱的事业，用热爱赋予工作意义。 1．句意：我女儿在决定大学主修什么专业时遇到了困难，所以她向我征求建议。 根据语境表示“建议”，应选用advice，符合语义。 2．句意：然而，当她问我如果不得不做一份自己讨厌的工作该怎么办时，我不知如何回答。 根据前后句的转折关系，应选用hated（讨厌），符合语义。 3．句意：这个问题让我想起了多年来的许多工作回忆。 根据后文对过往工作的回忆，应选用memories（回忆），符合语境。 4．句意：然而，我的哥哥给我找了一份当地木材市场的工作。 根据前后句的转折关系，应选用however（然而），符合逻辑。 5．句意：这份工作很辛苦，让我的后背一直疼痛。 根据后文“constant pain for my back”，应选用hard（辛苦的），符合语境。 6．句意：在那工作的几年里，很多人离开了。 根据后文“Only those of us who had families to support didn't leave”，应选用left（离开），符合语义。 7．句意：只有我们这些要养家糊口的人没有去寻找更好的工作。 根据语境表示“寻找”，应选用look for，符合语义。 8．句意：我记得在辛苦工作几个小时后，一个简单的三明治尝起来就像世界上最美味的一餐。 根据语境表示“简单的”，应选用simple，符合语义。 9．句意：如果你不能做你热爱的事，那就热爱你所做的事。 根据前文“bring your love to your job”，应选用love（热爱），符合语义。 10．句意：在这一生中，我们为了生活而工作，但我们为爱而活。 根据谚语“we work to live, but we live to love”，应选用live（生活），符合语义。 Passage 2 （25-26九年级上·江苏苏州·月考）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Peter kept his eyes on the ground. He felt like there was a heavy weight on his 1 as he walked home alone. It was the worst day of his life. His mind would not stop thinking about what happened only an hour ago on the school soccer field. How could he have 2 scoring that goal? He had let his whole team down. His stupid 3 made him angry. His team had lost the game because of him. He was really 4 that his coach might kick him off the team. As soon as he walked through the door, his father asked, “What’s wrong, son?” Peter’s 5 were written all over his face. “I lost the game,” Peter replied. Then he went into his room without another 6 . Ten minutes later, Peter heard his father knocking on his bedroom door. He opened the door to let him in. “Look, Peter. I don’t know 7 happened. But whatever it was, don’t be too hard on yourself.” “I lost the game, Dad. I failed my team. They’ll 8 never let me play again”. “Soccer is about team 9 . You’re not the only reason your team lost. If you have a good team, you should 10 each other. Besides, winning or losing is only half the game. The other half is learning how to communicate with your teammates and learning from your mistakes.” Peter didn’t say anything, but what his father said made him think carefully. 1．A．ears B．hands C．shoulders D．eyes 2．A．finished B．missed C．avoided D．risked 3．A．mistake B．choice C．decision D．thought 4．A．pleased B．surprised C．excited D．worried 5．A．reports B．feelings C．diaries D．plans 6．A．word B．ball C．book D．thing 7．A．when B．how C．what D．where 8．A．suddenly B．carelessly C．mainly D．probably 9．A．address B．spirit C．course D．culture 10．A．support B．fight C．create D．spread 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述了彼得因错过进球让球队输掉比赛而心情低落，父亲安慰他并教导他足球是团队运动以及如何面对输赢的故事。 1．句意：当他独自走回家时，他觉得肩上有一副重担。 根据“a heavy weight on his...”以及语境，彼得因为比赛失利心情沉重，感觉肩膀上有重担，“shoulders”表示“肩膀”，符合语境。“ears”是“耳朵”，“hands”是“手”，“eyes”是“眼睛”，均不符合此处表达有重担在肩的语境。 2．句意：他怎么可能错过那个进球呢？ 根据后文“He had let his whole team down.”可知他让整个球队失望了，所以是错过进球，“missed”表示“错过”，符合语境。“finished”是“完成”，“avoided”是“避免”，“risked”是“冒险”，均不符合语境。 3．句意：他愚蠢的错误让他很生气。 因为错过进球让球队输了比赛，这是一个错误，“mistake”表示“错误”，符合语境。“choice”是“选择”，“decision”是“决定”，“thought”是“想法”，均不符合语境。 4．句意：他真的很担心教练可能会把他从球队中开除。 由于自己的失误导致球队输球，所以会担心被教练开除，“worried”表示“担心的”，符合语境。“pleased”是“高兴的”，“surprised”是“惊讶的”，“excited”是“兴奋的”，均不符合语境。 5．句意：彼得的表情都写在脸上了。 从脸上能看出情绪，“feelings”表示“表情、情感”，符合语境。“reports”是“报告”，“diaries”是“日记”，“plans”是“计划”，均不符合语境。 6．句意：然后他一句话也没说就进了自己的房间。 根据“without another...”可知是没说一句话，“word”表示“话语”，符合语境。“ball”是“球”，“book”是“书”，“thing”是“东西”，均不符合语境。 7．句意：我不知道发生了什么。 此处是父亲说不知道发生了什么事，“what”表示“什么”，符合语境。“when”是“什么时候”，“how”是“怎样”，“where”是“哪里”，均不符合语境。 8．句意：他们可能再也不会让我踢球了。 因为输了比赛，彼得觉得教练可能不会再让他踢球，“probably”表示“可能”，符合语境。“suddenly”是“突然”，“carelessly”是“粗心地”，“mainly”是“主要地”，均不符合语境。 9．句意：足球是关于团队精神。 足球是团队运动，强调团队精神，“spirit”表示“精神”，符合语境。“address”是“地址”，“course”是“课程”，“culture”是“文化”，均不符合语境。 10．句意：如果你有一个好团队，你们应该互相支持。 好的团队成员之间应该互相支持，“support”表示“支持”，符合语境。“fight”是“打架”，“create”是“创造”，“spread”是“传播”，均不符合语境。 Passage 3 （25-26九年级上·江苏南京·月考）On September 10, 2025, Luo Yonghao, a famous live-streaming host, 1 on social media that the food at Xibei restaurants was “mostly pre-made, expensive, and tasted bad.” The next day, Jia Guolong, the founder of Xibei, replied 2 : “Xibei is certainly not a pre-made food company.” He also said he would take legal action against Luo and open all Xibei kitchens to the 3 . According to national 4 , pre-made meals must be pre-processed in factories, pre-packaged, heated before eating, and must not include preservatives (防腐剂). Jia explained that Xibei only does “pre-processing”: ingredients are washed and cut in a 5 kitchen, but the actual cooking is done in each store. However, many people still 6 Xibei’s food. Luo pointed out that the dishes tasted “reheated” and were 7 of the fresh taste of pot cooking. He also questioned why the food was still so expensive though it wasn’t freshly made. A survey showed that 86% of people think the real problem is not the pre-made meals 8 but whether restaurants are honest about it. Most people support rules that require restaurants 9 pre-made meals clearly. They agree that while pre-made meals can be convenient, their price should be much lower than freshly made dishes. Customers should be informed about how their food 10 and be able to make their own choices. 1．A．developed B．posted C．agreed D．passed 2．A．heavily B．possibly C．strongly D．quietly 3．A．public B．staff C．business D．leader 4．A．standards B．research C．system D．secret 5．A．narrow B．private C．similar D．central 6．A．hate B．enjoy C．doubt D．believe 7．A．aware B．short C．full D．proud 8．A．ourselves B．yourselves C．itself D．themselves 9．A．mark B．marked C．marking D．to mark 10．A．is prepared B．prepared C．is preparing D．preparing 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了网红主播罗永浩对西贝餐厅菜品提出质疑后引发的关于预制菜的热议，并探讨了消费者知情权和价格合理性的问题。 1．句意：2025年9月10日，著名主播罗永浩在社交媒体上发文称西贝的菜品“大多是预制菜、价格贵、味道差”。 根据“on social media”及后文贾国龙的回应可知，罗永浩是在社交媒体上posted“发布”了相关内容。 2．句意：第二天，西贝创始人贾国龙强烈回应：“西贝绝对不是预制菜公司。” 面对罗永浩的公开质疑，作为创始人应strongly“强烈”回应以表明立场。 3．句意：他还表示将采取法律行动，并向公众开放西贝的所有厨房。 将厨房开放是为了证明菜品不是预制菜，接受监督，因此应是向public“公众”开放。 4．句意：根据国家标准，预制菜必须在工厂预加工、预包装、加热后食用，且不得添加防腐剂。 后文列举的是关于预制菜的“国家标准”，即standards。 5．句意：贾解释说，西贝只是“预加工”——食材在中央厨房清洗切好，但实际烹饪在门店进行。 大型餐饮企业通常设有central“中央”厨房统一处理食材。 6．句意：然而，许多人仍然对西贝的食物表示怀疑。 罗指出菜品尝起来像“复热的”。前文贾国龙已回应，但罗仍指出问题，说明人们对菜品doubt“怀疑”。 7．句意：罗指出菜品尝起来像“复热的”，缺少用锅现炒的新鲜风味。 锅气是现炒菜的特点，预制菜“缺乏”这种风味，be short of意为“缺乏”。 8．句意：一项调查显示，86%的人认为真正的问题不是预制菜本身，而是餐厅是否诚实。 空格处指代“pre-made meals”本身，强调问题不在于“预制菜这一事物本身”，用itself。 9．句意：大多数人支持要求餐厅明确标注预制菜的规定。 require sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“要求某人做某事”，用to mark。 10．句意：顾客应该被告知他们的食物是如何准备的，并能做出自己的选择。 food与prepare之间为被动关系，且结合语境“被告知”可知用被动语态is prepared。 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 “Ava, why don’t you read this paragraph for us?” Miss Margaret asked. 1 Ava was nervous, she stood up and began reading. She was nervous because she stammered (结结巴巴地说), “Em... Emma was standing...” Hearing this, some of the students 2 laughing. After class, Ava went to the library, hoping to 3 those students and practice reading. She sat in a far corner of the library and kept practicing. However, she realized that reading well was still difficult for her. She 4 needed a lot of practice and help. Aliza, one of her classmates who had been watching her for some time, went over to Ava and 5 to help. From then on, whenever they had free time, Aliza would go to help Ava with her reading. Some days later, 6 Ava began to read better and her confidence grew. At the end of the term, Miss Margaret held a reading test. When it was Ava’s 7 , to everyone’s surprise, Ava read the paragraph fluently (流利地). Both Miss Margaret and Aliza felt 8 of Ava. Ava was very thankful to Aliza for everything she did. She also realized that there are always two 9 of people in the world: those who make fun of you and those who help you out. We shouldn’t 10 others’ words to hold us back. Instead, we can use their sarcasm (讽刺) to push ourselves to get improved and be thankful to those who help and support us. 1．A．Though B．Before C．Unless D．Until 2．A．enjoyed B．minded C．started D．preferred 3．A．advise B．face C．avoid D．change 4．A．hardly B．clearly C．slowly D．carefully 5．A．stopped B．refused C．offered D．remembered 6．A．hard-working B．good-looking C．well-known D．highly-respected 7．A．way B．risk C．rule D．turn 8．A．sure B．tired C．proud D．afraid 9．A．hopes B．lessons C．values D．kinds 10．A．allow B．forget C．consider D．discuss 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了口吃的Ava在被同学嘲笑后努力练习，在同学Aliza的帮助下克服困难、最终流利朗读的故事，告诉我们不要被他人的嘲讽阻碍，要感恩帮助自己的人并努力进步的道理。 1．句意：“Ava，你为什么不为我们读这段？”Margaret老师问道。 though意为“虽然”，表转折，符合语境。before意为“在……之前”，unless 意为“除非”，until意为“直到”，均不符合句意逻辑。 2．句意：听到她结巴的朗读，一些学生开始大笑。 started意为 “开始”，符合“听到结巴后开始发笑”的语境。enjoyed意为“享受”，minded意为“介意”，preferred意为“更喜欢”，均不符合句意。 3．句意：下课后，Ava去图书馆，希望避开那些学生，练习朗读。 avoid意为“避开”，符合Ava不想被嘲笑、躲起来练习的语境。advise意为“建议”，face意为“面对”，change意为“改变”，均不符合 4．句意：然而，她意识到读好对她来说仍然很难。她显然需要大量练习和帮助。 clearly意为“显然地”，符合 “意识到困难后，明确需要更多练习” 的语境。hardly意为“几乎不”，与文意相反；slowly 意为“慢慢地”，carefully意为“仔细地”，均不符合逻辑。 5．句意：她的同学Aliza观察了她一段时间，走向Ava并主动提出帮忙。 offered意为“主动提出”，符合Aliza主动提供帮助的语境。stopped意为“停止”，refused意为“拒绝”，remembered意为“记得”，均不符合。 6．句意：从那以后，只要有空闲时间，Aliza就会去帮助Ava练习朗读。 hard-working意为 “勤奋的”，符合Ava努力练习、不断进步的语境。good-looking意为“好看的”，well-known意为“知名的”，highly-respected意为“受尊敬的”，均不符合文意。 7．句意：轮到Ava了，令所有人惊讶的是，她流利地朗读了段落。 turn意为“轮到”，符合固定搭配“it’s one’s turn”（轮到某人）。way意为“方式”，risk意为 “风险”，rule意为 “规则”，均不符合。 8．句意：Margaret老师和Aliza都为Ava感到骄傲。 proud意为“骄傲的”，符合“为Ava的进步感到自豪”的语境。sure意为“确定的”，tired意为“疲惫的”，afraid意为“害怕的”，均不符合。 9．句意：她也意识到世界上总有两种人：那些嘲笑你的人和那些帮助你的人。 kinds意为“种类”，符合固定搭配“two kinds of people”（两种人）。hopes意为“希望”，lessons意为“教训”，values意为“价值”，均不符合。 10．句意：我们不应该允许别人的话阻碍我们。 allow意为“允许”，符合固定搭配“allow sb./sth. to do sth.”（允许……做某事）。forget 意为“忘记”，consider意为“考虑”，discuss意为“讨论”，均不符合语境和搭配。 Passage 2 The documentary Return to the Wolf has become popular again. It tells a touching story about a lady named Li Weiyi and a wolf named Green. In 2010, Li saved an orphaned (孤儿的) baby wolf and took him to the city. Realizing he 1 nature, she helped him return to the wild. After 2 many difficulties, Green successfully joined a wolf pack and found his true home. Their story has 3 millions of people to tears, showing that humans and animals can be true friends. 4 , this popularity has brought some problems. To get more “likes” on the Internet, many influencers and tourists are rushing to the protected area. Some of them even enter the deep forest without 5 . They set up cameras and started live-streaming with loud music, hoping to find the “Wolf King” Green. These 6 have seriously disturbed (打扰) the local environment. The loud noise and bright lights at night often 7 the wild animals away from their homes. Local herders (牧民) are also unhappy because the crowds have broken the peace of their lives. “Green has returned to nature, but some people are trying to pull nature into the noisy world of the Internet,” a local worker said 8 . Li Weiyi once said, “The wolf’s home is the wild.” We should learn that true love for animals is not about watching them closely, but about respecting their 9 . Wildlife protection should never be a tool for getting famous. We can enjoy the story through the screen, but we must keep our feet away 10 their silent home. Protecting nature is more than just clicking a “like” button. It requires us to keep a responsible distance. 1．A．compared to B．belonged to C．added to D．pointed to 2．A．avoiding B．receiving C．overcoming D．imagining 3．A．warned B．shocked C．pushed D．moved 4．A．However B．Instead C．Moreover D．But 5．A．communication B．introduction C．permission D．direction 6．A．stories B．enemies C．behaviors D．efforts 7．A．guide B．scare C．exchange D．kick 8．A．disappointedly B．excitedly C．proudly D．thankfully 9．A．safety B．privacy C．freedom D．creativity 10．A．as B．from C．for D．to 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了纪录片《重返狼群》中人与狼的感人故事以及该纪录片走红后带来的一些问题，并强调了要尊重动物自由、与自然保持责任距离。 1．句意：意识到他属于大自然，她帮助他重返野外。 根据“she helped him return to the wild”，狼属于大自然，应用belonged to表示“属于”。compared to“与……相比”，added to“增加”，pointed to“指向”均不符合语境。 2．句意：在克服了许多困难之后，格林成功地加入了一个狼群，找到了他真正的家。 根据“many difficulties”，是克服困难，应用overcoming。avoiding“避免”，receiving“收到”，imagining“想象”均不符合语境。 3．句意：他们的故事感动了数百万人，让他们流下了眼泪，表明人类和动物可以成为真正的朋友。 根据“millions of people to tears”，是感动了数百万人，应用moved。warned“警告”，shocked“震惊”，pushed“推动”均不符合语境。 4．句意：然而，这种受欢迎程度带来了一些问题。 前文讲述故事感人，后文说带来问题，是转折关系，且空后有逗号，应用However。Instead“相反”，Moreover“此外”，But“但是”不符合语境。 5．句意：为了在网上获得更多的“赞”，许多网红和游客正涌向保护区。有些人甚至未经允许就进入森林深处。 根据“enter the deep forest without”，是未经允许进入森林深处，应用permission。communication“交流”，introduction“介绍”，direction“方向”均不符合语境。 6．句意：这些行为严重扰乱了当地的环境。 根据“have seriously disturbed (打扰) the local environment”，是这些人的行为扰乱了环境，应用behaviors。stories“故事”，enemies“敌人”，efforts“努力”均不符合语境。 7．句意：晚上的噪音和强光常常把野生动物吓跑，使它们远离家园。 根据“The loud noise and bright lights at night”以及“away from their homes”，噪音和强光会把野生动物吓跑，应用scare。guide“引导”，exchange“交换”，kick“踢”均不符合语境。 8．句意：“格林已经回归自然，但有些人试图把自然拉进互联网嘈杂的世界，”一位当地工作人员失望地说。 根据“Green has returned to nature, but some people are trying to pull nature into the noisy world of the Internet”，当地工作人员对这种行为是失望的，应用disappointedly。excitedly“兴奋地”，proudly“自豪地”，thankfully“感激地”均不符合语境。 9．句意：我们应该明白，对动物真正的爱不是紧紧地注视它们，而是尊重它们的自由。 根据“The wolf’s home is the wild.”，要尊重动物的自由，应用freedom。safety“安全”，privacy“隐私”，creativity“创造力”均不符合语境。 10．句意：我们可以通过屏幕欣赏这个故事，但我们必须让我们的脚远离它们安静的家。 keep away from表示“远离”，符合语境。as“作为”，for“为了”，to“到”均不符合语境。 Passage 3 My daughter was having trouble deciding on what main subject to learn at college, so she asked for my 1 . I told her the one thing I wish that I had been told at her age—“Find a career that you love and you will never work a day in your life.” I didn’t know how to answer, though, when she asked me what she should do if she had to take a job that she 2 . That question brought back a lot of 3 of jobs that I had over the years. I remembered one in particular (特别). My young family was struggling. We had no money, and there were no good jobs to be had in the area. My brother, 4 , got me a job at a local lumber yard. The work was 5 and meant constant pain for my back. Hours were spent loading and stacking (码放) wood. The pay was very low. In the winter the skin on my fingers bled from the cold, dry air. In the several years I worked there, many people 6 . Only those of us who had families to support didn’t leave to 7 something better. Still, I also remembered singing to myself while working. I remembered as I pushed the lumber carts, glancing out the window and joyously watching the leaves changing in the fall. I remembered how a 8 sandwich tasted like the greatest meal in the world after hours of hard work. I remembered being grateful for this job so I could feed my family. Remembering all this gave me the answer I needed for my daughter. “Just bring your love to your job then, sweetheart” I said. “If you can’t do what you love, then 9 what you do.” In this life we work to 10 , but we live to love. Without love, work is drudgery (苦差事). Yet, with love, work is joy. 1．A．choice B．effort C．advice D．invitation 2．A．wanted B．hated C．needed D．enjoyed 3．A．opinions B．regrets C．places D．memories 4．A．so B．moreover C．however D．because 5．A．hard B．easy C．pleasant D．interesting 6．A．hid B．visited C．came D．left 7．A．thank for B．wait for C．look for D．prepare for 8．A．different B．simple C．similar D．healthy 9．A．change B．love C．end D．respect 10．A．live B．get C．succeed D．practice 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了作者面对女儿的大学专业选择困惑，分享了自己年轻时在木材市场辛苦工作的经历，最终领悟到“热爱是工作的灵魂”，并以此给女儿提出了真诚的建议：找到热爱的事业，用热爱赋予工作意义。 1．句意：我女儿在决定大学主修什么专业时遇到了困难，所以她向我征求建议。 根据语境表示“建议”，应选用advice，符合语义。 2．句意：然而，当她问我如果不得不做一份自己讨厌的工作该怎么办时，我不知如何回答。 根据前后句的转折关系，应选用hated（讨厌），符合语义。 3．句意：这个问题让我想起了多年来的许多工作回忆。 根据后文对过往工作的回忆，应选用memories（回忆），符合语境。 4．句意：然而，我的哥哥给我找了一份当地木材市场的工作。 根据前后句的转折关系，应选用however（然而），符合逻辑。 5．句意：这份工作很辛苦，让我的后背一直疼痛。 根据后文“constant pain for my back”，应选用hard（辛苦的），符合语境。 6．句意：在那工作的几年里，很多人离开了。 根据后文“Only those of us who had families to support didn't leave”，应选用left（离开），符合语义。 7．句意：只有我们这些要养家糊口的人没有去寻找更好的工作。 根据语境表示“寻找”，应选用look for，符合语义。 8．句意：我记得在辛苦工作几个小时后，一个简单的三明治尝起来就像世界上最美味的一餐。 根据语境表示“简单的”，应选用simple，符合语义。 9．句意：如果你不能做你热爱的事，那就热爱你所做的事。 根据前文“bring your love to your job”，应选用love（热爱），符合语义。 10．句意：在这一生中，我们为了生活而工作，但我们为爱而活。 根据谚语“we work to live, but we live to love”，应选用live（生活），符合语义。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Late one night, Gulliver received a warning that some nobles (贵族) wanted him killed. Even the emperor of Lilliput wanted to give him less food to save money. It was true Gulliver was very expensive. Quickly, he wrote a letter to the emperor, “I’m off to visit Blefuscu, as I promised.” Then he hurried down to the sea 1 Lilliput and Blefuscu. The king of Blefuscu himself came out to meet him. “Welcome!” cried the king. “Stay 2 you like.” Walking on the beach a week later, Gulliver saw out at sea a small boat—but a full-sized one. It was floating upside down in the water. Gulliver rushed to the king. He begged, “Can you help me rescue (营救) the boat? This could be my chance to go home.” “Of course,” said the king. “Take some ships to help you.” Gulliver swam out to the boat, holding ropes from each of the 3 . With the ships pulling and Gulliver pushing, the boat was brought safely to shore. Gulliver and the king’s men began 4 the boat for his long journey home. Soon, the boat was finished. “I’d like to leave now,” Gulliver told the king. “But no one at home will 5 my story. Could I take some of your people with me?” “I can’t possibly 6 that,” said the king. “But you may take some 7 and a sheep.” He also gave Gulliver fifty bags of gold coins. “I don’t want you to go,” he said. “But I understand why you have to.” “Thank you,” said Gulliver. “I’ll never 8 you all.” After only a few days at sea in his boat, Gulliver saw a ship. He shouted and waved wildly. He was in luck! One sailor found him. The ship sailed over and 9 Gulliver. “Where have you come from?” asked the captain (船长) . “A place called Lilliput,” said Gulliver and he showed the captain the presents from the emperor. The captain was so surprised. For a few gold coins and a couple of cows, he 10 to take Gulliver all the way home. — Adapted from Gulliver’s Travels 1．A．between B．among C．upon D．during 2．A．as often as B．as far as C．as long as D．as soon as 3．A．boats B．ships C．men D．sails 4．A．breaking B．making C．fixing D．producing 5．A．make B．expect C．suppose D．believe 6．A．require B．refuse C．avoid D．allow 7．A．food B．cows C．coins D．people 8．A．forget B．regret C．force D．obey 9．A．picked up B．gave up C．set up D．dressed up 10．A．disagreed B．agreed C．agree D．agreement 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文节选自《格列佛游记》，讲述了格列佛在小人国得知有人要杀害他后逃往邻国布莱福斯库，在那里发现一艘小船，在国王帮助下修好船并最终成功获救回家的故事。 1．句意：然后他匆忙下到海边，前往利立浦特和布莱福斯库之间的海域。 “between...and...”为固定搭配，表示“在……和……之间”，用于两者之间，应用between。among“在……之中（三者或以上）”、upon“在……之上”、during“在……期间”，均不符合搭配及语境。 2．句意：你想待多久就待多久。 “as long as you like”为固定表达，意为“你想待多久就待多久”，表示时间长度，应用as long as。as often as“每次”、as far as“远至/就……而言”、as soon as“一……就”，均不符合语义。 3．句意：格列佛游向小船，手里拉着每艘船上的绳子。 根据前文“Take some ships to help you.”可知，国王派了一些船来帮忙，此处指每艘船上的绳子，应用ships。boats“小船（比ships更小）”、men“人”、sails“帆”，均不符合前文ships的对应关系。 4．句意：格列佛和国王的人开始修理小船，为他漫长的回家之旅做准备。 根据上文船被拖上岸，以及后文“Soon, the boat was finished.”可知，他们是在修理/整修小船，应用fixing。breaking“打破”、making“制造”、producing“生产”，均不符合修理旧船的语境。 5．句意：但是家里没有人会相信我的故事。 格列佛担心小人国的经历太过离奇，家乡的人不会相信，应用believe。make“使/让”、expect“期望”、suppose“猜想”，均不符合语义。 6．句意：我不可能允许那样做。 国王表示不能允许格列佛带走他的人民，应用allow“允许”。require“要求”、refuse“拒绝”、avoid“避免”，均不符合国王委婉拒绝的表达。 7．句意：但你可以带一些牛和一只羊。 根据后文“For a few gold coins and a couple of cows”可知，国王允许格列佛带走的是牛和羊，应用cows。food“食物”、coins“硬币”、people“人”，均与后文信息不符。 8．句意：我永远不会忘记你们所有人。 格列佛表达对国王及人民的不舍与感激，应用forget“忘记”。regret“后悔”、force“强迫”、obey“服从”，均不符合此时的情感表达。 9．句意：船驶过来，接上了格列佛。 “picked up”在此处表示“（船只）接人”，应用picked up。gave up“放弃”、set up“建立”、dressed up“打扮”，均不符合语义。 10．句意：为了几枚金币和几头牛，他同意一路送格列佛回家。 根据语境，船长答应送格列佛回家，描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时agreed。disagreed“不同意”、agree为动词原形、agreement为名词，均不符合时态或语义要求。 Passage 5 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Hello, everyone! Do you remember Gulliver’s Travels? I’m one of the tiny men from the story Gulliver in Lilliput. Let me tell you about it. After his ship crashed against the rocks (触礁), Gulliver swam as far as he 1 . By the time he finally felt the land under his feet, he was tired out. He 2 down on the beach and went to sleep. He woke up as the sun was 3 , but he found he could not move. His arms, legs and hair were 4 to the ground! Then he felt something on his leg. It moved up over his stomach and neck until it was standing near his face. He was very 5 when he saw such a small man. He found the small man was the same size 6 his little finger! “Where was I? Who was this tiny person?” he asked himself. Soon some of us started climbing all over him. There were around 40 of us. He shouted at us—the loud noise 7 us all fall over. However, we soon got up again and continued moving across his body. One of our leaders began talking to him, but Gulliver could not understand him. He did not know what to say 8 . He tried to pull one hand free and finally managed to break the ropes. When he lifted one of his hands into the air, we began to shout. He looked 9 and saw a huge army. We were going straight towards him. “I must run away from them,” he thought, but he did not know how to get away. Do you know if he ran away 10 ? 1．A．can B．might C．must D．could 2．A．feeled B．felt C．falled D．fell 3．A．rose B．rising C．risen D．rised 4．A．tie B．tying C．tied D．ties 5．A．surprised B．happy C．sad D．excited 6．A．to B．as C．with D．like 7．A．got B．asked C．told D．made 8．A．as well B．also C．either D．too 9．A．up B．down C．straight D．around 10．A．to the end B．by the end C．at the end D．in the end 【答案】 1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文以《格列佛游记》中小人国居民的视角，讲述了格列佛在海难后漂流到小人国，醒来发现自己被小人捆在地上，并与小人国军队相遇的故事。 1．句意：格列佛游了尽可能远的距离。 根据句意，表示过去的能力“能够”，应用could。can为现在式，might表示可能，must表示必须，均不符合“游了尽可能远”的语境。 2．句意：他倒在沙滩上睡着了。 固定搭配fall down，意为“倒下”，且全文为一般过去时，应用fell。feeled拼写错误，felt是feel的过去式，falled拼写错误。 3．句意：他在太阳升起时醒来。 根据句意，太阳“正在升起”，应用rising，构成was rising过去进行时。rose为过去式，risen为过去分词，rised拼写错误。 4．句意：他的胳膊、腿和头发都被绑在地上。 根据句意，表示“被绑”，应用被动语态were tied。tie为原形，tying为现在分词，ties为第三人称单数，均不能构成被动。 5．句意：当他看到这么小的人时，他非常惊讶。 根据语境，格列佛看到小人时的心情应是“惊讶”，应用surprised。happy“快乐”、sad“悲伤”、excited“兴奋”均不符合突然发现小人的反应。 6．句意：他发现那个小人跟他小指一样大小。 固定搭配the same size as，意为“与……一样大小”，应用as。to、with、like均不符合此固定搭配。 7．句意：巨大的噪音让我们全都摔倒了。 固定搭配make sb. do sth.，意为“让某人做某事”，应用made。got“得到”、asked“问”、told“告诉”均不符合使役用法。 8．句意：他不知道该说什么好。 固定搭配not know what to say，意为“不知道说什么”，应用either表示“也”，用于否定句。as well和too用于肯定句，also用于句中。 9．句意：他向下看，看见了一支庞大的军队 格列佛是巨人，小人都在他的身体上，他抬起手后向下看才看到小人的军队，look down（向下看）符合语境。up“向上”、straight“直视”、around“环顾四周”均不符合此处场景。 10．句意：你知道他最后逃脱了吗？ 固定搭配in the end，意为“最后、最终”，应用in the end。to the end“到底”、by the end“到……结束时”、at the end“在……末尾”，均不符合句意。 Passage 6 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was a little girl, I used to be very shy. I was afraid of 1 in front of people. I even didn’t dare to speak loudly. My parents were worried about me. They 2 me to take part in some activities to build up my confidence. One day, my teacher asked me to give a speech in class. I was 3 at first. But my teacher encouraged me and said, “You can do it. Just believe in yourself.” I took a deep breath and started my speech. To my 4 , I did it well. Everyone clapped their hands for me, and I felt a warm sense of pride. After that, I became more confident. I 5 to join the school English club. I made many friends there and practiced speaking English every day. Now I can speak English 6 and I’m not afraid of speaking in public anymore. Last month, I 7 a speech competition. I won the first prize. My parents and teachers were 8 of me. I felt very happy and realized that practice really makes perfect. This experience taught me that 9 is very important. If you believe in yourself, you can do anything. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. Just try your best and you will 10 . 1．A．speak B．speaking C．to speak D．speaks 2．A．advised B．stopped C．kept D．prevented 3．A．excited B．nervous C．happy D．sad 4．A．surprise B．joy C．sadness D．regret 5．A．refused B．decided C．forgot D．hated 6．A．clearly B．badly C．slowly D．loudly 7．A．took part in B．gave up C．thought of D．looked for 8．A．afraid B．tired C．proud D．ashamed 9．A．confidence B．honesty C．kindness D．patience 10．A．succeed B．fail C．cry D．laugh 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者从一个害羞、不敢在人前说话的小女孩，在老师和父母的鼓励下，通过演讲、参加英语俱乐部和演讲比赛，逐渐建立自信、成长为敢于在公众面前表达的人，最终领悟到自信和实践的重要性。 1．句意：我害怕在人前说话。 固定搭配be afraid of doing sth.“害怕做某事”，介词of后接动名词形式speaking。 2．句意：他们建议我参加一些活动来建立自信。 根据上文“My parents were worried about me”可知，父母担心作者害羞，所以“建议”作者参加活动，固定搭配advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”；stopped“阻止”，kept“保持”，prevented“阻止”均不符合语境。 3．句意：一开始我很紧张。 根据上文“I used to be very shy”，作者原本害羞，被要求在班上演讲，自然会感到“紧张的”，nervous符合。 4．句意：令我惊讶的是，我做得很好。 作者原本紧张，却表现出色，这是意料之外的事，固定搭配to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”；joy“喜悦”，sadness“悲伤”，regret“后悔”均不符合。 5．句意：我决定加入学校英语俱乐部。 “…to join the school English club.”指作者做出的决定，decide“决定”符合语境；refused“拒绝”，forgot“忘记”，hated“讨厌”均不符合。 6．句意：现在我能清晰地说英语，也不再害怕在公众面前说话了。 根据上文“practiced speaking English every day”可知，在俱乐部每天练习说英语后，英语表达变得“清晰地”，clearly符合。 7．句意：上个月，我参加了一场演讲比赛。 根据“…a speech competition”以及“I won the first prize.”可知，作者表示参加一场演讲比赛，take part in“参加”符合。 8．句意：我的父母和老师为我感到自豪。 根据“I won the first prize.”可知，作者获得一等奖，父母和老师为作者感到自豪，proud符合；afraid“害怕的”，tired“疲惫的”，ashamed“羞愧的”均不符合。 9．句意：这段经历让我明白自信非常重要。 根据上文“After that, I became more confident.”以及全文围绕“建立自信”展开，confidence“自信”是核心主题。 10．句意：尽你最大的努力，你就会成功。 “Just try your best and you will…”是作者鼓励大家相信自己，尽力就会成功，succeed符合；fail“失败”，cry“哭泣”，laugh“大笑”均不符合积极的语境。 Passage 7 阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的一个最佳选项。 Franz Kafka is a famous writer and he never married and had no children. Once, when he was walking through a park in Berlin, Germany, he 1 a young girl crying. She lost her favorite doll (玩偶). He helped her look for the doll, but they couldn’t 2 it. Kafka told her to meet him there the next day and they would look for it 3 . The next day, they still couldn’t find the doll, so Kafka gave the girl a letter “written” by the doll that said, “Please do not be 4 . I have gone on a trip to see the world. To share about my adventures (冒险经历), I’m going to 5 to you.” Then, the story began and didn’t stop 6 Kafka died. When they would meet, Kafka read a letter of the doll (which he wrote, of course) of adventures. Finally, Kafka read her a letter. In the letter, the doll said it finally came back to Berlin. Then, he gave her a 7 that he bought in a store. “This does not look like my doll at all,” she said. Then Kafka handed her a letter that said, “My trips have 8 me.” The girl hugged (拥抱) the new doll and took her home. A year later, Kafka died. Many years later, the 9 found a letter inside the doll. The letter, signed by Kafka, said, “Everything you love is very likely to be 10 . But in the end, love will return in a different way.” 1．A．saw B．thought C．felt D．liked 2．A．get B．buy C．find D．make 3．A．once B．more C．yet D．again 4．A．excited B．interested C．sad D．comfortable 5．A．listen B．introduce C．write D．walk 6．A．because B．when C．but D．until 7．A．picture B．letter C．doll D．pen 8．A．hurt B．changed C．helped D．left 9．A．girl B．writer C．man D．seller 10．A．new B．lost C．common D．active 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．C 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了作家卡夫卡用善意的谎言安慰丢失心爱玩偶的小女孩，以玩偶写信的方式陪伴她，最终用新玩偶完成这份温暖守护的故事，传递了爱会以不同方式归来的深刻寓意。 1．句意：一次，当他在德国柏林的一个公园里散步时，他看到一个小女孩在哭。 空后为“a young girl crying（一个小女孩在哭）”，是视觉场景，saw（看见）符合语境；thought认为、felt感觉、liked喜欢，均无法对应看到女孩哭的动作，故排除。 2．句意：他帮她找玩偶，但他们没能找到它。 前文提到“look for the doll（找玩偶）”，此处对应找的结果，find（找到）符合文意；get得到、buy买、make制作，均与寻找玩偶的语境无关，故排除。 3．句意：卡夫卡让她第二天在那里见他，他们会再找一次。 前文讲述当天没找到，约定第二天继续找，again（再、又）符合时间逻辑；once一次、more更多、yet还，仍，均无法体现再次寻找的含义，故排除。 4．句意：请不要难过。 女孩因丢失玩偶而哭泣，玩偶写信安慰她，sad（难过的）符合安慰的语境；excited兴奋的、interested感兴趣的、comfortable舒适的，均与女孩的情绪状态不符，故排除。 5．句意：为了分享我的冒险经历，我会给你写信。 前文提到“a letter ‘written’ by the doll（玩偶写的信）”，此处对应写信分享经历，write（写）符合语境；listen听、introduce介绍、walk走，均与写信的动作无关，故排除。 6．句意：然后，这个故事开始了，并且直到卡夫卡去世才停止。 didn’t stop...until...是固定搭配，意为“直到……才停止”，符合故事一直讲到卡夫卡离世的语境；because因为、when当……时、but但是，均无法构成该逻辑，故排除。 7．句意：然后，他给了她一个他在商店里买的新玩偶。 后文女孩说“This does not look like my doll at all（这根本不像我的玩偶）”，说明卡夫卡给了她一个新玩偶，doll（玩偶）符合文意；picture图片、letter信、pen钢笔，均与后文女孩的回应不符，故排除。 8．句意：我的旅行已经改变了我。 女孩说新玩偶不像原来的玩偶，玩偶的信解释是旅行让自己变了，changed（改变）符合逻辑；hurt伤害、helped帮助、left离开，均无法解释玩偶样貌变化，故排除。 9．句意：许多年后，这个女孩在玩偶里发现了一封信。 故事的核心人物是小女孩，多年后发现信的是当年的女孩，girl（女孩）符合语境；writer作家、man男人、seller卖家，均与故事主体无关，故排除。 10．句意：你所爱的一切都很有可能会失去。 前文讲述女孩丢失了心爱的玩偶，对应失去的含义，lost（失去的）符合文意；new新的、common普通的、active活跃的，均与失去心爱之物的主题不符，故排除。 Passage 8 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Once in a physics class, the teacher asked students, “Why do we have brakes (刹车) in our cars?” Soon, students gave 1 answers. A student stood up and replied, “Sir, to 2 the car.” Some other students said, “To reduce and control the 3 of the car.” However, none of the answers was the 4 as the teacher’s. Then he said, “All of your answers are right. But in my opinion, the brakes in the car make us able to drive much faster.” “If the car has no brakes, how fast are we ready to 5 ? The brakes in the car do give us 6 to drive fast and safely.” Hearing this, the whole class was in surprise because no one had imagined this answer. Similarly, there are many such “brakes” in our 7 , which seem to stop us. For example, our parents may ask us about progress or decisions in life. Their questions or suggestions may be regarded as “brakes” that stand in our way. But we can see them as our supporters that can protect us from 8 while taking risks. Sometimes, we have to stop or even step back, so that we can take a big step. In fact, it is the “brakes” in life that help us a lot. Without these “brakes”, we could lose our direction or 9 danger. So we need to understand that “brakes” in our life don’t mean pushing us back but making us move forward much 10 than before. 1．A．common B．exact C．separate D．different 2．A．stop B．take C．brush D．clean 3．A．taste B．speed C．dream D．flight 4．A．easy B．same C．quiet D．strict 5．A．push B．fly C．drive D．swim 6．A．wound B．patience C．courage D．direction 7．A．road B．life C．trip D．family 8．A．stress B．fire C．danger D．movement 9．A．put off B．get into C．carry out D．think over 10．A．higher B．louder C．faster D．better 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文通过物理课上关于汽车刹车作用的讨论，引出生活中的“刹车”（如父母的建议）并非阻碍，而是保障我们更安全、快速前进的力量。 1．句意：很快，学生们给出了不同的答案。 根据后文不同学生给出不同回答，应用different，表示“不同的”。common“普通的”、exact“精确的”、separate“分离的”均不符合多个不同答案的语境。 2．句意：一位学生站起来回答：“先生，是为了停车。” 根据常识，刹车的直接作用是“停止”汽车，应用stop。take“拿”、brush“刷”、clean“清洁”均不符合刹车功能。 3．句意：为了降低和控制汽车的速度。 刹车的作用是控制“速度”，应用speed。taste“味道”、dream“梦想”、flight“航班”均不符合语境。 4．句意：然而，没有一个答案和老师的相同。 固定搭配the same as，意为“与……相同”，应用same。easy“容易的”、quiet“安静的”、strict“严格的”均不符合此搭配。 5．句意：如果没有刹车，我们准备开多快？ 根据前文关于开车的讨论，此处应填drive，表示“驾驶”。push“推”、fly“飞”、swim“游泳”均不符合开车语境。 6．句意：车里的刹车确实给了我们快速安全驾驶的勇气。 根据句意，刹车让人有信心开快车，应用courage，表示“勇气”。wound“伤口”、patience“耐心”、direction“方向”均不符合语境。 7．句意：同样，在我们的生活中也有许多这样的“刹车”。 根据全文主旨，作者将刹车的道理引申到“生活”中，应用life。road“路”、trip“旅行”、family“家庭”均过于狭窄。 8．句意：但我们可以把它们看作我们的支持者，可以在冒险时保护我们免受危险。 根据句意，支持者保护我们免受“危险”，应用danger。stress“压力”、fire“火”、movement“运动”均不如danger贴合语境。 9．句意：没有这些“刹车”，我们可能会失去方向或陷入危险。 固定搭配get into danger，意为“陷入危险”，应用get into。put off“推迟”、carry out“执行”、think over“仔细考虑”均不符合语境。 10．句意：生活中的“刹车”并不意味着把我们往后推，而是让我们比以前前进得更快。 根据全文主旨，刹车最终让我们“更快”前进，应用faster。higher“更高”、louder“更大声”、better“更好”均不符合速度的语境。 Passage 9 Do you know that feeling when you see a task you really don’t want to do? Your brain says, “Maybe later.” But here’s the truth: the longer you wait, the 1 it becomes. So how can you force yourself to do hard things? First, understand your brain. It prefers 2 and avoids hard work. The most difficult part of any task is simply 3 . Once you begin, it gets easier. Then, use the “Two-Minute Rule”. Tell yourself you will only work on the task 4 two minutes. Just write one sentence or read one paragraph. Starting breaks the mental barrier (障碍), and you will often 5 for longer. Next, make it a habit. Think about brushing your teeth—you just do it 6 . Treat hard tasks the same way. Say “This is what I should do”, 7 “Do I want to do this?” Also, treat yourself to a 8 after finishing, such as a cup of coffee or a short break. Never do it before starting, or your brain will be encouraged to put off the task longer. Finally, remember 9 comes from challenge. Doing hard things makes you stronger. The key is 10 , not just talent. Next time you hesitate (犹豫), just start. Use these simple rules. Hard things don’t get easier by themselves—you get stronger through effort. 1．A．colder B．faster C．smaller D．harder 2．A．comfort B．pain C．sadness D．effort 3．A．thinking B．starting C．planning D．discussing 4．A．up B．off C．at D．for 5．A．lie B．cheat C．continue D．celebrate 6．A．slowly B．bravely C．carefully D．naturally 7．A．instead of B．except for C．because of D．according to 8．A．lesson B．gift C．risk D．task 9．A．failure B．regret C．growth D．danger 10．A．action B．protection C．education D．communication 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了克服拖延、强迫自己完成困难任务的方法，强调行动的重要性，告诉我们困难的事不会变容易，是我们会在努力中变得更强大。 1．句意：但事实是：你等待得越久，事情就会变得越难。 结合“the longer you wait”，拖延会让事情“更难”，应选用harder。colder“更冷”、faster“更快”、smaller“更小”均不符合逻辑。 2．句意：大脑偏爱舒适，逃避辛苦工作。 大脑喜欢“舒适”，所以会逃避困难，应选用comfort。pain“痛苦”、sadness“悲伤”、effort“努力”均不符合语境。 3．句意：任何任务最困难的部分就是开始。 结合后文“Once you begin, it gets easier”，最难的是“开始”，应选用starting。thinking“思考”、planning“计划”、discussing“讨论”均不符合语境。 4．句意：告诉自己你只需要在这个任务上工作两分钟。 表示“持续一段时间”用介词for，应选用for。up“向上”、off“离开”、at“在”均不符合语法。 5．句意：开始打破了心理障碍，你往往会继续更久。 开始后会“继续”做下去，应选用continue。lie“撒谎”、cheat“欺骗”、celebrate“庆祝”均不符合语境。 6．句意：想想刷牙——你只是自然地去做。 刷牙是习惯，会“自然地”完成，应选用naturally。slowly“缓慢地”、bravely“勇敢地”、carefully“仔细地”均不符合语境。 7．句意：说“这是我应该做的”，而不是“我想做这件事吗？” 用应该做的事代替犹豫，用instead of表示“而不是”，应选用instead of。except for“除了”、because of“因为”、according to“根据”均不符合逻辑。 8．句意：完成后奖励自己一份礼物，比如一杯咖啡或短暂休息。 完成任务后给自己的“礼物”，应选用gift。lesson“课程”、risk“风险”、task“任务”均不符合语境。 9．句意：最后，记住成长来自挑战。 结合“Doing hard things makes you stronger”，挑战带来“成长”，应选用growth。failure“失败”、regret“后悔”、danger“危险”均不符合语境。 10．句意：关键是行动，而不是天赋。 结合“just start”，核心是“行动”，应选用action。protection“保护”、education“教育”、communication“沟通”均不符合语境。 Passage 10 Luen, a student from China, was learning English in Canada. One day, his Canadian friend had him buy some green onions. Luen did it right away. He knew what an onion was—a round 1 with layers. How hard could it be? But on the way to the store, he started to think. “What is a green onion? It must be an onion that is green.” When he got to the store, he looked at all the onions. There were red, white, and purple onions—but no green ones. He felt 2 . Then he had an idea. “Maybe the inside is green.” He 3 a white onion and took off the skin. Inside, he saw a light green colour. “Yes! I found it!” he thought 4 . He bought the onion and took it home. When he gave it to his friend, his friend looked puzzled. “Why did you buy a white onion? I asked for green onions.” Luen 5 , “Look—the inside is green!” His friend laughed. Then he said, “A green onion is 6 . It has long green leaves and a small white end. People use the green part for 7 . It’s not just an onion that is green.” His friend 8 , “In English, some words are made of two words. They’re called compound words. But the 9 isn’t always what you might expect. For example, an eggplant doesn’t have eggs. A hot dog isn’t a dog.” Luen felt a little embarrassed, but he also felt happy. He 10 something new from this experience. And he would never forget what green onions really are! 1．A．leaf B．fruit C．flower D．vegetable 2．A．excited B．angry C．surprised D．sick 3．A．picked up B．put down C．looked for D．dealt with 4．A．freely B．deeply C．suddenly D．happily 5．A．doubted B．explained C．shouted D．nodded 6．A．simple B．strange C．common D．different 7．A．cooking B．sharing C．sale D．show 8．A．continued B．warned C．stopped D．repeated 9．A．form B．history C．meaning D．spelling 10．A．managed B．learned C．caught D．started 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了中国学生Luen在加拿大学习英语时，因不理解“green onion”这一复合词的真实含义而闹出笑话，最终从朋友处学到新知识的经历。 1．句意：他知道洋葱是什么——一种有层次的圆形蔬菜。 根据常识可知，洋葱是一种蔬菜，vegetable“蔬菜”符合语境。leaf“叶子”、fruit“水果”、flower“花”均不符合洋葱的属性。 2．句意：那里有红、白、紫的洋葱，但没有绿的。他感到很惊讶。 上文提到Luen以为有绿色的洋葱，结果在商店里没找到，这种情况让他感到意外，surprised“惊讶的”符合。excited“兴奋的”、angry“生气的”、sick“生病的”均不符合他此时的心境。 3．句意：他拿起一个白洋葱，剥掉了皮。 根据语境，他为了验证自己的想法，要拿起一个白洋葱看看，picked up“拿起”符合。put down“放下”、looked for“寻找”、dealt with“处理”均不符合此处动作。 4．句意：他高兴地想：“是的！我找到了！” 他以为自己找到了绿色的洋葱，心情应该是高兴的，happily“高兴地”符合。freely“自由地”、deeply“深深地”、suddenly“突然地”均不能体现他此时的心情。 5．句意：Luen解释说：“看——里面是绿色的！” 朋友对他买白洋葱表示疑惑，他需要解释原因，explained“解释”符合。doubted“怀疑”、shouted“大喊”、nodded“点头”均不符合语境。 6．句意：大葱是不一样的。 根据后文朋友对大葱的描述，可知大葱和Luen以为的绿色洋葱不一样，different“不同的”符合。simple“简单的”、strange“奇怪的”、common“常见的”均不符合文意。 7．句意：人们用绿色部分做饭。 大葱是食材，通常用于烹饪，cooking“烹饪”符合。sharing“分享”、sale“销售”、show“展示”均不符合大葱的用途。 8．句意：他的朋友继续说：“在英语中，有些词是由两个词组成的。” 朋友在给Luen解释完大葱后，接着继续讲解复合词的知识，continued“继续”符合。warned“警告”、stopped“停止”、repeated“重复”均不符合语境。 9．句意：但意思并不总是你所期望的。 根据后文举例“an eggplant doesn't have eggs. A hot dog isn't a dog.”可知，这里说的是复合词的意思，meaning“意思”符合。form“形式”、history“历史”、spelling“拼写”均不符合文意。 10．句意：他从这次经历中学到了一些新东西。 根据后文“And he would never forget what green onions really are!”可知，他从这次经历中有了收获，learned“学到”符合。managed“设法做到”、caught“抓住”、started“开始”均不符合语境。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $