考前押题01 阅读理解6大常考话题（期中复习专项训练）高一英语下学期人教版

考前押题01 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1 学校生活 Passage 1 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C Passage 2 【答案】5．C 6．B 7．D Passage 3 【答案】8．A 9．B 10．D 11．B Passage 4 【答案】12．B 13．C 14．B 话题2 亲子关系 Passage 1 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B Passage 2 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A Passage 3 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A Passage 4 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 话题3 友谊 Passage 1 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．C Passage 2 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．A Passage 3 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A Passage 4 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．D 话题4 运动与健康 Passage 1 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D Passage 2 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A Passage 3 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B Passage 4 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 话题5 科学与技术 Passage 1 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C Passage 2 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C Passage 3 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 话题6环境 Passage 1 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A Passage 2 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D Passage 3 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．D Passage 4 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．A 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题01 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1 学校生活 话题4 运动与健康 话题2 亲子关系 话题5 科学与技术 话题3 友谊 话题6 环境 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 学校生活 Passage 1 Aged 15 in high school, I was talkative and outgoing, often betting that nobody else would do their homework, so I needn’t either. I did not enjoy geometry (几何), although I liked the philosophical approach of our teacher, Mrs Trenholm. She told us that geometry was about humankind’s ability to work things out. A month or so into the year we started on Euclidean geometry. We were all struggling and I was probably the most vocal (敢于直言的) in class about it. Mrs Trenholm set us homework — to prove two angles in a complex geometric shape are equal. She pulled me aside as we were leaving class and said, “Don’t talk your way out of this.” I went home, worked on it for 20 minutes and gave up. Later I decided to try again. My handwriting was messy, and I noticed that if I made the diagram neater and bigger, I could see where I probably went wrong. At about 5 am, I got it and felt like my brain had been rewired! I handed it in the next day. Mrs Trenholm would never embarrass students in front of everyone. So she came to me and handed me the paper with a little check mark in the corner. She looked right at me and asked, “Did you do this?” When I said yes, she nodded and went back to the front of the class, declaring, “One of you now understands Euclidean geometry. Let’s keep going so everybody will get it.” From then on, I found that if I concentrated and worked hard, I could understand and even enjoy a subject. I went on to study maths and physics at university, took a master’s degree in applied science and became a nuclear research scientist. I became someone who no longer allowed myself the freedom to talk myself out of dealing with problems, or give up when things seemed too difficult. 1．How can we describe the author from the first two paragraphs? A．He had trouble studying geometry. B．He always had bets with others. C．He was absorbed in philosophy. D．He was not skilled at socializing. 2．Why did Mrs Trenholm pull the author aside after class? A．To warn him not to talk too much. B．To give him some tips on homework. C．To encourage him to try more approaches. D．To make him take homework seriously 3．What was Mrs Trenholm’s first feeling about the author’s homework? A．Disbelieving. B．Relieved. C．Disapproving. D．Excited. 4．What did the author want to express through the last paragraph? A．He would go for more freedom. B．That lesson taught him to think twice. C．The maths puzzle was a life changer. D．His university life was pretty colorful. Passage 2 Here come 4 most popular clubs in our school! Join us, and we will help you to find your own shining points and make your campus life enjoyable. Yoga Club Yoga not only improves flexibility, but also helps people relax. Students will have the chance to exercise while reducing some stress from life. The club will be open to 10-16 members from Grade 7 to Grade 12, and will meet once weekly (on Tuesday). Basketball Club Students will be able to develop their basketball skills and have the opportunity to compete in basketball games with members from other international schools. The club will be open to 10-16 members from Grade 5 to Grade 8, and will practice twice weekly. Public Speaking Club The Public Speaking Club will be centered around the personal development of students along with developing public speaking skills. The club will focus on all skills in giving better speeches and improving communication skills. The club will be open to 10-12 members from Grade 7 to Grade 12, and will meet once weekly (on Wednesday). Media Club The Media Club teaches students the basics of journalism. The club has a wide range of activities like interviewing teachers and students, writing about big events on campus, and operating the weekly school radio broadcasts. The club will be open to 8-12 members from Grade 6 to Grade 12 and will meet once weekly (on Monday). 5．Which of the following students can join the Yoga Club? A．Fifth grade students. B．Sixth grade students. C．Eighth grade students. D．Third grade students. 6．How often do the members of the Basketball Club practice? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Three times a week. D．Four times a week. 7．What will club members do at the Media Club? A．Set up a school radio. B．Write their own stories. C．Learn public speaking skills. D．Interview teachers and students. Passage 3 I believe that children will live up to whatever standards you set for them as a teacher, as a mentor, as an adviser, but most especially, as an older “friend” who truly cares about their success, not just in school, but most especially in the outside world. Taka came to me with very little English. In the beginning, he struggled so much to understand what was going on in the classroom. I noticed he didn’t have many friends either. I worried about him, especially since other teachers had also reported his lack of progress. What’s worse, other students who came into my class later than Taka did, have demonstrated improvement already, except him. At the back of my mind, I was asking myself, “What am I doing wrong?” I asked everyone in my class what each one’s talent was and whether anybody would be willing to show it on stage. Everyone shook their heads from side to side. Then typically, they started to tell about their other classmates’ abilities/ talents. One student mentioned that Taka actually played the saxophone. I eventually found out from Taka’s mom that he did play the saxophone, but that was when he was in Japan. As I probed further, the mom said they didn’t know where to buy a reasonably priced saxophone. So I took him to the band teacher, and of course, the band teacher knew a shop, and finally, Taka got his saxophone. Finally, it was decided that he was playing the saxophone, and another classmate would accompany him on the piano. The result? Since Taka had to spend time practicing with his classmates at their homes, he ended up better liked by his classmates, gaining him real friends, not people he shared a class with who thought he was from another planet. He also played the sax at the Talent Show, giving his teachers and schoolmates a view into what more he could do, while he still struggled with his language. No one had ever thought I used to be a crazy music lover. I also regained what I had lost for a long time. 8．We can learn from the passage that the author is ___________. A．a teacher B．a student C．a parent D．a musician 9．Why did the author decide to hold a Talent Show? A．To show her talent in playing the piano. B．To help Taka regain confidence in himself. C．To arouse the children’s interest in music. D．To teach the children to relax themselves. 10．The underlined word “what” in the last paragraph probably refers to “___________”. A．a piano B．a busy life C．others’ praise D．the author’s love for music 11．What can we learn about Taka from the passage? A．He was very good at English. B．He really had a gift for the saxophone. C．He performed alone at the Talent Show. D．He learned piano playing from the band teacher. Passage 4 High school is a time of great change and growth. For many students, it’s the first time they have to manage their own studies, make new friends, and balance different activities. Here are some practical tips to help you make the most of your high school years. First, develop good study habits. Unlike middle school, high school courses are more challenging. It’s important to take notes in class, review them regularly, and finish homework on time. You can also create a study schedule to avoid cramming (临时抱佛脚) before exams. Second, build meaningful relationships. High school is a great place to meet people with similar interests. Join clubs or sports teams that you like. Not only will you make friends, but you’ll also learn teamwork and leadership skills. Remember to be kind and respectful to others — friendships take time to grow. Finally, take care of yourself. Getting enough sleep, eating healthy food, and exercising regularly are essential for your physical and mental health. Don’t be too hard on yourself if you make mistakes — high school is a learning process, and everyone grows at their own pace. 12．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to succeed in high school exams. B．Tips for adapting to high school life. C．The importance of making friends in high school. D．Ways to improve physical health in high school. 13．According to the passage, what should students do to deal with challenging courses? A．Cram before exams. B．Skip difficult classes. C．Develop good study habits. D．Ask teachers for help every day. 14．What benefit can students get from joining clubs? A．They can get better grades. B．They can learn teamwork skills. C．They can avoid making mistakes. D．They can sleep better at night. 话题2亲子关系 Passage 1 Every Saturday morning, my family and I go to the local market. The market is in the center of town, and it’s always busy with people. There are many stalls selling all kinds of things: fresh fruits and vegetables, homemade bread, flowers, and even handcrafted toys. Going to the market is one of our favorite weekend traditions.​ When we arrive at the market, the first thing I notice is the smell. There’s the sweet smell of fresh strawberries and ripe melons from the fruit stall, and the warm smell of bread from the bakery stall. My little sister, Mia, always runs to the flower stall first. She loves the colorful roses and sunflowers. The flower seller, Mrs. Lee, always gives her a small daisy to hold. Mia smiles so big that her eyes almost close.​ My mom likes to go to the vegetable stall. She talks to the farmer, Mr. Chen, about which vegetables are fresh that day. He always lets her taste a cherry tomato or a piece of cucumber. “These are from my garden,” he says proudly. “I picked them this morning.” My mom fills her basket with carrots, broccoli, and lettuce. She says vegetables from the market taste better than those from the supermarket because they’re so fresh.​ My dad goes straight to the bread stall. He buys a big loaf of whole-grain bread and some cinnamon rolls for breakfast. The baker, Mr. Johnson, knows my dad’s order by heart. “The usual?” he asks, and dad nods with a smile. I like to go to the toy stall. The toys are made by local craftsmen, and they’re very unique. Last week, I bought a small wooden car that I’ve been playing with every day.​ After we’ve finished shopping, we usually stop at a small café near the market. We sit outside and drink juice while Mia plays with her daisy. Mom looks at our bags full of food and says, “We’ll have a delicious dinner tonight.” I love our trips to the market because they’re a time for our family to be together, and I always feel happy when we’re there.​ 1．When do the writer’s family go to the market?​ A．Every Friday morning​. B．Every Saturday morning​. C．Every Sunday afternoon​. D．Every Monday evening​. 2．What does Mia love to do at the market?​ A．Taste fresh vegetables​. B．Buy wooden toys​. C．Look at flowers​. D．Eat cinnamon rolls​. 3．Who sells vegetables at the market?​ A．Mrs. Lee​. B．Mr. Chen​. C．Mr. Johnson​. D．A local craftsman​. 4．What does the writer’s dad usually buy?​ A．Fresh fruits​. B．A loaf of bread and cinnamon rolls​. C．Handcrafted toys​. D．Flowers​. Passage 2 Conflict between parents and children is normal. It is part of family life. But conflict that goes on for a long time and gets worse over time can cause stress and can hurt relationships. It is important to communicate with each other and bring conflict to a peaceful solution. You can do this through compromise (让步) or by agreeing to disagree. No matter what else you do, communicate with your children and make sure they know that you love them. This can make dealing with conflict easier and more effective. In some cases, you may have to change your behaviour to settle a conflict with your child. Some of your child’s behaviour may be a reaction to your behaviour. So, if you want your child to behave in a certain way, one way may be to change your behaviour so that your child will follow your model. But children should be responsible for their own actions and the results. All parents want to protect their children. But in some cases, unless the child is in physical danger, it may be best to let the child deal with the negative results of things they do. Collaborate (合作) to develop specific rules and write them down. These may include statements such as how much time they can spend on electronics, and when homework must be completed. Not only are you modeling for your kids how to work together and resolve differences, but also you are working out important guidelines for how your house will operate. Have clear results for misconduct. Thus, if your child disobeys the rules, make it clear that the right to use the toy will be taken away because of his inability to play with it responsibly. Additionally, create routines so that they know when they have free time to themselves after they have completed tasks set out for them. These could include helping feed the family pet, taking a shower, or finishing homework. 1．What's the key to solving the conflict between parents and children? A．Advising children to give in. B．Changing their behaviors. C．Reaching an understanding. D．Developing some rules. 2．Why do parents need to change their behavior first in the conflict? A．To compromise with their children. B．To take responsibility for their actions. C．To find a reason to punish children. D．To set a good example for children. 3．What should parents do if the child does something bad? A．Teach him how to solve it. B．Handle the situation for him. C．Let him deal with it himself. D．Share the solutions with him. 4．Whom is the text written to? A．Parents. B．Children. C．Teachers. D．Students. Passage 3 When I was a child, my family lived a simple life in a small town. My father was a hardworking factory worker, and my mother took care of the household. We didn’t have much money, but we had a lot of love. One summer, my father decided to take us on a camping trip. I was so excited! I had never been camping before. We packed up our tent, sleeping bags, and some food, and set off for the mountains. When we arrived at the campsite, it was beautiful. There were tall trees, a clear stream, and a big field. We set up our tent and then went for a walk. I saw all kinds of wildflowers and butterflies. It was like a magical place. That night, we sat around the campfire and told stories. My father told us about his childhood, and my mother sang some old songs. I felt so happy and content. I realized that it didn’t matter how much money we had. What mattered was being together as a family. The next day, we went fishing in the stream. I caught my first fish! It was a small trout, but I was so proud. We cooked the fish over the campfire and it tasted delicious. As we were packing up to go home, I knew that this camping trip would be a memory that I would cherish forever. 1．What kind of life did the author’s family live when he was a child? A．Wealthy and comfortable. B．Busy and stressful. C．Simple but full of love. D．Adventurous and exciting. 2．Why was the author excited about the camping trip? A．Because he had never been camping before. B．Because he wanted to see wildflowers and butterflies. C．Because he missed his father who worked hard. D．Because he could escape from household chores. 3．What did the author realize during the camping trip? A．The importance of having a lot of money. B．The beauty of nature. C．The joy of catching fish. D．The value of family time. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．A memorable camping trip. B．The importance of hard work. C．The beauty of the mountains. D．The author’s childhood memories. Passage 4 Papa, as a son of a dirt-poor farmer, left school early and went to work in a factory, for education was for the rich then. So, the world became his school. With great interest, he read everything he could lay his hands on, listened to the town elders and learned about the world beyond his tiny hometown. “There’s so much to learn,” he’d say. “Though we’re born stupid, only the stupid remain that way.” He was determined that none of his children would be denied (拒绝) an education. Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day. Though, as children, we thought this was crazy, it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a request. And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned. We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly. Papa would listen carefully and was ready with some comment, always to the point. Then came the moment — the time to share the day’s new learning. Papa, at the head of the table, would push back his chair and pour a glass of red wine, ready to listen. “Felice,” he’d say, “tell me what you learned today.” “I learned that the population of Nepal is...” Silence. Papa was thinking about what was said, as if the salvation (拯救) of the world would depend upon it. “The population of Nepal. Hmm. Well...” he’d say. “Get the map; let’s see where Nepal is.” And the whole family went on a search for Nepal. This same experience was repeated until each family member had a turn. Dinner ended only after we had a clear understanding of at least half a dozen such facts. As children, we thought very little about these educational wonders. Our family, however, was growing together, sharing experiences and participating in one another’s education. And by looking at us, listening to us, respecting our input, affirming (肯定) our value, giving us a sense of dignity (尊严), Papa was unquestionably our most influential teacher. Later during my training as a future teacher, I studied with some of the most famous educators. They were imparting (传授) what Papa had known all along-the value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life. Not a single day has been wasted, though I can never tell when knowing the population of Nepal might prove useful. 1．The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “______”. A．one new thing B．a request C．the news D．some comment 2．It can be learned from the passage that the author ______ . A．enjoyed talking about news B．appreciated his father’s educational technique C．felt regret about those wasted days D．knew very well about Nepal 3．What is the greatest value of “dinner time” to the author? A．Showing talents. B．Continual learning. C．Family get-together. D．Winning Papa’s approval. 4．The author’s father can be best described as ______ . A．a parent insistent on his children’s education B．an educator expert at training future teachers C．a participant willing to share his knowledge D．a teacher strict about everything his students did 话题3友谊 Passage 1 Do phone calls from long-lost friends really excite you? You’re not alone. A new study finds people often underestimate how much their old friends will appreciate receiving a call from them out of the blue. Meanwhile, the friend getting the call places a much higher value on the surprise social interaction. “People are fundamentally social beings and enjoy bonding with others,” explains lead author Peggy Liu, PhD, from the University of Pittsburgh, in a media release. Researchers conducted several experiments involving over 5,900 people to look at what factors play into the amount of appreciation someone feels when others contact them. In one experiment, researchers asked half of the participants to remember the last time they contacted someone in their social circle after not speaking with them for a really long time. The rest of the group took the opposite approach, remembering when a long-lost friend reached them by phone. The two groups then had to rate on a seven-point scale (1 meaning “not at all” and 7 meaning “to a great extent”) how much the person receiving this communication appreciated, or felt grateful, or pleased about the message. For people making the call, this meant guessing how much their friend enjoyed hearing from them. For the people receiving the call, they simply had to rate how much they appreciated hearing from a long-lost pal. Results showcase the people reaching their friend significantly underrated their friend’s appreciation when the two groups were compared. “I sometimes hesitate before contacting people in my social circle for a variety of reasons. When that happens, I think about these research findings and remind myself that other people may also want to reach me and hesitate for the same reasons,” Liu concludes. “I then tell myself that I would appreciate it so much if they reached me and that there is no reason to think they would not similarly appreciate my reaching them.” 1．Which of the following best explains “out of the blue” underlined in paragraph 1? A．Delightedly. B．Instantly. C．Regularly. D．Unexpectedly. 2．What are the researchers’ conclusions based on? A．The comparison between the data from two groups. B．Their observation of social interaction among participants. C．Their analysis of participants’ attachment to their old friends. D．Their investigation into the social connections of participants. 3．What can we learn about the participants reaching their friends? A．They tended to be more sociable. B．They expressed different grades of gratitude. C．Their friends might hesitate to contact them for various reasons. D．Their friends were more grateful for their calls than they had expected. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Improve Your Communication Skills. B．Observe the Law of Social Interaction. C．Have No Hesitation in Reaching Your Friend. D．Promote a Closer Friendship by Calling Your Friend. Passage 2 The other day I quarreled with my good friend Alissa. I told a guy a conversation we shared, not knowing she would be so annoyed with me about it. Yes, I overstepped my boundaries (边界). But I don’t want to lose my three-year friendship with Alissa. You develop a friendship with someone, and conflict is sure to occur. Many superficial (肤浅的) friendships end up being broken after an argument because there isn’t enough depth to ensure all the trouble it takes to smooth over the disagreement. Unfortunately, even when the friendship reaches a deeper level, conflict continues to happen and can break apart a relationship. How can this be avoided? First and foremost, talk the situation over soon after it occurs. And do it quickly! From my experience, people begin to talk about what happened while it is still fresh in their minds. One rule my parents follow in their marriage is that they don’t go to bed angry with each other. They always try to resolve things the day it happens so that in the morning, it’s a fresh start. Sometimes if you sit down and talk things over, realize everyone has been created differently with various talents, abilities, and personalities. For example, you might be a leader while your friend is more of a follower. You may be disappointed with him or her for not being very decisive. Yet it is important to understand that each person is unique and needs to be appreciated. But the most challenging is resolution — be the first person in a fight to say sorry for your part. Even when you think the other person is wrong, it’s not a bad thing to say, “I’m sorry you feel that way.” Use feeling words since no one can argue with your feelings. For example, “When you do this, you make me feel silly.” Resolving conflict in any friendship is not a pleasant task, but it is worth the trouble because the result on the other end is a deeper friendship. 1．What do superficial friendships and deeper ones have in common according to the paragraph 2? A．Conflict is unavoidable. B．A quarrel brings an end to them. C．Disagreement deepens friendships. D．Understanding between friends is important. 2．What do we know about the author’s parents? A．They never sleep with work undone. B．They are used to making an apology. C．Their marriage isn’t so happy as expected. D．They solve their arguments without delay. 3．Which of the following does the author think is the most challenging? A．Applying feeling words when apologizing. B．Realizing everyone needs to be appreciated. C．Accepting your followers are not so decisive. D．Being the first one to apologize for your part. 4．What’s the author’s attitude towards resolving conflicts between friends? A．Supportive. B．Unworthy. C．Troublesome. D．Cautious. Passage 3 There was once a boy called Mario who loved to have a lot of friends at school. However, he wasn’t sure whether or not his schoolmates were his real friends, so he asked his grandpa for help. The old man told him, “I just have what you exactly need, and it’s in the attic. Wait a minute here.” Grandpa left, soon returning as though carrying something in his hand, but Mario could see nothing there. “Take it. It’s a very special chair. It’s rather tricky to sit on for it’s invisible, but if you take it to school and manage to sit on it, you’ll be able to tell who your real friends are,” Grandpa said. Mario was curious to know whether it was true or not, so he took the strange invisible chair and set off for school. At break time, he asked his classmates to form a circle, and then he put himself inside, with his chair. “Nobody moves! You’ re about to see something amazing.” Then Mario tried to sit on the chair, but he missed and fell down onto his back. Everyone had a pretty good laugh about it. Mario wouldn’t be beaten. He kept trying to sit on the magic chair, and kept falling to the ground…until, suddenly, he tried again and didn’t fall over. This time he sat, hovering in mid-air... Looking around, Mario saw George, Lucas and Diana — three of his best friends, holding him up, so he wouldn’t fall down. Meanwhile, many others he had thought of as friends did nothing but make fun of him, enjoying his every fall. Leaving with his three friends, he explained to them how his grandpa had so cleverly thought. of a way to show him that true friends are those who care about us, and not just any acquaintance who happens to be passing by. Even less would a real friend be someone who takes joy in our misfortunes (不幸). 1．Why did Mario turn to his grandpa for help? A．Because he wondered about true friends. B．Because he couldn’t make any friends. C．Because he didn’t get along with his schoolmates D．Because he didn’t like his school. 2．Why was Mario able to hover in the mid-air? A．Because he managed to sit on the invisible chair finally. B．Because his three friends held him up. C．Because his classmates gave him a chair to sit on. D．Because he could see the magic chair clearly. 3．Who are real friends according to the text? A．Those who laugh with us. B．Those who take joy in our misfortunes. C．Those who care for us when we are popular at school D．Those who sympathize with your misfortunes. 4．How did Mario most probably feel in the end of the text? A．Happy. B．Unconcerned. C．Upset. D．Uncomfortable. Passage 4 America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while — then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flow more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families. Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily, but truly can’t manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably. Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don’t show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes. For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for pure business matters. So accept their hospitality at home! 1．The writer of this passage must be ________. A．an American B．a Chinese C．a professor D．a student 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families. B．Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives. C．Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy. D．Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break. 3．The underlined words “generous with our time” in Paragraph 3 probably mean “________”. A．strict with time B．serious with time C．careful with time D．willing to spend time 4．A suitable title for this passage would probably be “________”. A．Friendships between Chinese B．Friendships between Americans C．Americans’ hospitality D．Americans’ and Chinese views of friendships 话题4运动与健康 Passage 1 A recent study looked at how playing sports affects teenagers' mental health (心理健康). Researchers did the study for two years. They worked with 2,000 students aged 13-18 from different schools. The study wanted to find out how regular exercise helps teens feel better emotionally. The study found that teens who played team sports (like basketball, volleyball or soccer) felt less worried than those who didn’t exercise at all. Dr. Lisa Chen, who led the study, said, “Team sports need you to work together and talk with teammates. This helps you make friends and feel like you belong to a group. These things are very important to make you less worried.” Similarly, individual sports (like swimming, running or tennis) also helped. Teens who did these sports felt more confident. “When you set small goals in these sports and reach them, you feel proud of yourself,” Dr. Chen added, “this makes you more confident.” But the study also warned against training too much. Teens who practiced sports for more than five hours a week after school and didn’t rest enough felt more stressed. “You need a balance,” Dr. Chen said. “Sports are good for you, but too much training makes you tired and stressed.” There was another interesting finding about boys and girls. Girls who played sports often felt better about their bodies than those who didn’t. For boys, playing sports was linked to better grades at school. This might be because regular exercise helps them focus more in class. 1．What can we infer about team sports from paragraph two? A．Team sports are not good for making friends. B．Teens who play team sports always feel stressed. C．Team sports can only help teens get better grades. D．Teens who don't play team sports often feel more worried. 2．What did the study find about teens who overtrained without enough rest? A．They got better grades. B．They felt more stressed. C．They made more friends. D．They felt more confident. 3．Why does the writer mention “gender differences” in the last paragraph? A．To show that sports are not suitable for all teens. B．To explain why boys are better at sports than girls. C．To add information about how sports help teens in different ways. D．To prove that girls care more about their own body image than boys do. 4．What is Dr. Chen’s attitude towards teens playing sports? A．She thinks teens should not play any sports. B．She believes only team sports are helpful for teens. C．She says teens must play sports for more than five hours a week. D．She supports teens playing sports but warns against overtraining. Passage 2 After bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started eyeing the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing. Unlike common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, separate rooms for a person to use, often set up near living communities. Every four-square-metre room provides a treadmill (跑步机), an air cleaner, a mirror, a television and an air conditioner, and users can let down the curtains (窗帘) for privacy. When exercising, users can listen to music, watch movies and check emails by connecting to the Internet by the screen fixed on the treadmill. But there’s no shower. Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by a smartphone app, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code (二维码) for use. A refundable deposit (可退还的押金) of 99 yuan is required, and users are charged 1 yuan every 5 minutes. The shared gym rooms are created by Misspao, a Beijing-based technology company founded in July. Within several months since it was founded, the company has already raised over 100 million yuan. However, the idea of the shared fitness experience is not totally new. Last December, the company VRUN set up shared treadmills in office and apartment buildings. The sharing economy is still becoming popular in China. According to Yicai Global, confident people are pouring millions into sharing start-ups. In March, the State Information Centre published a report which says that the total value of China’s sharing economy will see a yearly growth of 40% in the coming years, and it is expected to make a great contribution to the country’s GDP. 1．What makes the shared gym room different from the common one? A．Sharing open spaces. B．Providing free training courses. C．Holding one person at a time. D．Having some advanced equipment. 2．What do people need to do to use the shared gym room? A．Pay 100 yuan first. B．Book a room ahead of time. C．Have a shower before exercise. D．Let down curtains for privacy. 3．What is the author’s attitude towards China’s sharing economy? A．Doubtful. B．Unclear. C．Worried. D．Positive. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To introduce shared gym rooms. B．To praise a technology company. C．To support the idea of sharing gym rooms. D．To tell the future of shared gym rooms. Passage 3 UW Student Classical Music Jacoby Competition The worlds of competition and classical music meet head-on as the University of Wyoming’s finest student musicians will be chosen during the UW Symphony Orchestra’s Jacoby Competition at 7:30 pm on May 6 in the Buchanan Center for the Performing Arts concert hall. Tickets are $19 for the general public, $15 for the elderly and $9 for students. To order tickets, call (307) 766-6666 or go online at www.tix.com/ticket-sales/uwyo/6984. The concert is named after Dorothy Jacoby, a musical and founding member of the local Symphony Association and a longtime supporter of classical music in Laramie. After her death, her sons, Peter and Michael Jacoby, made a generous contribution in honour of their mother. “The Jacoby Competition never fails to be one of the UW Symphony Orchestra’s most exciting events,” says UW Department of Music Professor Michael Griffith. “What you will hear is actually the finals of a two-stage competition.” Several months ago, many UW music students played their selected pieces in the audition (试演) round. A group of well-known musicians served as judges and chose the seven top students to perform in the finals concert. Another set of judges will be at the performance and will decide the best two performances of the evening. The winners will get the $2,500 prize that is awarded at the performance. 1．What is the ticket price for students to attend the concert? A．$5. B．$9. C．$15. D．$19. 2．What were the music students required to do in the first round? A．Produce the original work. B．Practice with these musicians. C．Perform their picked music. D．Play pieces written by judges. 3．What will the winners receive? A．Recordings. B．Cash awards. C．Concert tickets. D．Singing auditions. Passage 4 At the beginning of modern Olympics, athletes would compete by using heavy equipment. The record for throwing a javelin (标枪), for example, has almost doubled since 1908. In fact, sporting equipment has improved in almost every sport and most has been made of fiber and plastic ever since. If you compare a modern tennis racket and an old wooden one, you will find the difference. Badminton rackets, too, have left solid wood behind. Running footwear relies on carbon composites (合成物) to get more comfort, speed up and reduce foot injury. Cycling has greatly benefited from carbon composites. Modern racing bikes are often made entirely of carbon fiber. Wherever you look, you see these plastic composites. The wheelchairs in the Paralympics, the boats in sailing, the skateboards in skating, the surfboards in surfing and even the climbing walls in rock climbing, are all made of composites. These materials have changed many sports. But composites are made of several materials, meaning that they have led to many other problems. In the United Kingdom, for example, about 90% of all composite waste goes to landfill. Only 2% is reused for carbon fiber. Producing new composites consumes a lot of energy. Globally, about 7,000 tons of composite sporting equipment reaches its end of life. However, demand for recycling is increasing. Therefore, researchers have to look for better ways to recycle them. Through trial and error, they developed highly efficient chemical methods of pre-treating broken bikes and melted them at high temperature, through which they could extract (提取) these fibers relatively complete. These carbon fibers can also be used in 3D printing of other bike components, offering a high strength rate and increased durability, thus making their life longer. While their new method uses less energy than existing heat recycling processes and produces relatively eco-friendly waste, they believe they can perfect this process. They also hope this method will help recycling businesses process more composite products from sports. 1．How does the author develop paragraph 2? A．By making a comparison. B．By giving a description. C．By listing some examples. D．By analyzing causes and effects. 2．What do the numbers in paragraph 3 show? A．Composite equipment makes a difference. B．Composite waste has caused new problems. C．Composite materials influence various sports. D．Composite waste needs the best recycling system. 3．What does the underlined word “durability” in paragraph 4 mean? A．The ability to last long. B．The intention to be used. C．The time to make products. D．The power to adapt to environment. 4．What can we infer about the new method of recycling composite materials? A．It is expected to use more energy. B．It proves to be more challenging. C．It opens a new page in technology. D．It needs to be better improved. 话题5科学与技术 Passage 1 Being bored is no fun, especially at work. However, a recent study from the Research School of Management at the Australian National University suggests that boredom may have an unexpected benefit. In a study, 52 participants were given a boring task of separating red from green beans for 30 minutes, while another group of 49 participants was asked to create art projects with paper, beans, and glue. Then both groups were instructed to spend five minutes on a creative task. Surprisingly, the group that had performed the boring task produced a higher quantity and quality of creative ideas than the group that had taken part in the art project. “Boredom is not necessarily terrible based on my research,” says the study’s lead author, Guihyun Park. “People want to get out of a boring state, so they tend to find novelty, which can lead to unique thinking and bring out creativity.” Moreover, it’s also worth noting that studies have found that not everyone experiences the same level of creative benefits from boredom. Researchers have discovered in one experiment that participants who are open to new experiences and driven to achieve specific goals are more likely to see positive effects from being bored. Finally, Park admits that not every type of job allows a state of boredom, and it really can be detrimental to some important work. “I would say at safety jobs where you need to stay alert (警惕的) all the time, like police or safety guards, boredom will keep your mind wandering, which is really bad,” says Park. “Also, those jobs require less creativity but much attention to details instead; boredom won’t help much there.” But for designers and anyone in a creative field, boredom is not something to fear, but to embrace. J.K. Rowling, the author of the Harry Potter series, has shared how she would spend hours sitting on trains, letting her mind wander and coming up with new ideas for her stories. This boredom allowed her to tap into her creativity and imagination, leading to one of the most beloved book series ever. 1．What did the recent study find about boredom? A．It improves work efficiency. B．It raises people’s patience. C．It inspires creative ideas. D．It leads to negative feelings. 2．Which kind of people are more likely to benefit from boredom? A．People who are afraid of change. B．People who are willing to try new things. C．People who tend to focus on details. D．People who enjoy competing with others. 3．What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Attractive. B．Necessary. C．Harmful. D．Challenging. 4．Why does the author mention J.K. Rowling in the last paragraph? A．To prove the importance of creativity and imagination. B．To encourage people to stay bored in their daily life. C．To show the power of embracing boredom. D．To explain the creation process of the Harry Potter series. Passage 2 Whether humanity expresses itself in paintings, books, movies, songs or any other creative media, art always finds its way back to the person who made it and their life stories. It is hard to define what “good” art is, but to me, it means anything that somebody created with the intention of representing something that matters to them. The one thing that I will never call “art”, however, is anything that was made with artificial intelligence. Take painting for example. Most of the well-known painters of the past 200 years drew on the lives they lived to make their art. Claude Monet, for example, was inspired by the water garden that he would see daily at his estate (房产) in Normandy, France. This series included some of his most famous works made in the impressionism style, which focuses on creating the illusion (幻觉) of movement to represent humanity. The point is that painters drew on the places they lived in and their views of life to create art. They used their understanding of style, color and movement to create lovely images and represent what mattered to them. That is something that AI is unable to do. The AI program can only generate an image based on a collection of images from the websites. It cannot draw on its own experience at all. Another common use of AI programs is to have them generate the written word. For me, there is no heart or soul in what the AI produces. The product requires no thought or effort, both of which are key parts of meaningful written work. Author Nora Roberts, who has had 68 of her romance novels appear on The New York Times bestseller list, once said that you have to love the written word to be capable of good writing. AI cannot feel emotions and love what it writes. Therefore, how could it ever create good writing? The beautiful thing about life is that we all go through it differently, and art has the ability to bring us together with our unique experiences. Neither can AI replicate (复制) that, nor should we make it try. 1．What is considered essential for creating meaningful art? A．Artistic skills. B．Unique styles of art. C．Personal experiences. D．Advanced technologies. 2．Why does the author mention Monet’s artworks? A．To highlight Monet’s talent for art. B．To give an example of genuine art. C．To trace the beginnings of impressionism. D．To describe famous painting techniques. 3．What is lacking in AI-produced writing? A．Accuracy and detail. B．Depth and persuasion. C．Structure and balance. D．Emotion and passion. 4．What does the author wish to achieve in the text? A．To criticize writers’ dependence on AI. B．To show AI’s value in creative work. C．To discourage the use of AI in art. D．To reveal AI’s importance to artists. Passage 3 As new technologies, including AI, are becoming popular, they promise to change learning for the better. Already, there are AI-based tutoring (辅导) tools that can help learners. One 2024 study, led by the University of Oxford, found that school students in Ghana who used an AI-powered maths tutor through WhatsApp for half an hour, twice a week, over eight months had “higher” maths progress scores than those in a control group. “Until now, professional, personalised tutoring has been too expensive for people,” points out Joseph South, chief innovation officer at the International Society for Technology in Education. “AI-powered tutors can offer this experience for online learners at a low price.” However, there are still possible problems to solve. AI can present untrue things as fact, which could mean students might “learn” incorrect information. Similarly, AI can develop biases (偏见) based on the data (数据) used to train it, and possibly pass them on to learners. In addition, experts warn that any educational institution (机构) needs to have strict rules on what student personal information can be put into AI tools, to reduce privacy risks. But, to some, the biggest risk is to the learning process. “As students increasingly depend on AI tools, they may use them as quick answers, which will hurt their ability to learn basic learning skills,” says Emily Deleu, assistant teaching professor of business management communication at Carnegie Mellon University. “Is that good for them in the long term?” she asks. “This is still an open question.” To protect students, she suggests “we need government rules to give advice to schools.” And she adds, “The biggest risk of all with AI is doing nothing. The world has changed and is changing. We should change how we teach and what we teach to welcome AI.” 1．What does the 2024 study show about AI-powered tutoring tools? A．They can help develop students’ interest in maths. B．They can increase competition among students. C．They can help students improve their grades. D．They can shorten students’ study time. 2．What does Joseph South think of AI-powered tutoring tools? A．They will reduce the need for teachers in online learning. B．They can make personalised tutoring affordable for most people. C．They will pass some biases on to learners. D．They may present fiction as fact. 3．What do experts want educational institutions to do? A．Bring in more professional teachers. B．Develop more AI-powered tutoring tools. C．Help students develop their own opinions. D．Try to protect students’ private information. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Will AI Change Education for the Better? B．Can AI Help Students Learn Important Skills? C．Are AI Tools Expensive for Learners? D．What Can AI Tools Help Teachers Do? 话题6环境 Passage 1 The Sahara Desert is one of the driest places on Earth, receiving only about 3 inches of rainfall each year. This is just one-tenth of what cities like Chicago experience. However, scientists from the University of Illinois Chicago predict (预测) that the Sahara could become significantly wetter in the latter half of the 21st century. Their findings suggest that the Sahara could receive up to 75% more rainfall compared with its historical average. The researchers also project that southeastern and south-central Africa might receive more rain, especially under extreme climate (气候) conditions. “Changing rainfall patterns (模式) will affect billions of people, both in and outside Africa,” said lead author Thierry Ndetatsin Taguela, a climate expert. “We have to start planning to face these changes, from flood management to drought-resistant crops.” Taguela pointed out that understanding how rising temperatures impact rainfall is important for developing strategies to deal with these changes. In the study, he used 40 climate models to predict summer rainfall across Africa in the second half of the 21st century (2050 — 2099) compared with the historical period (1965 — 2014). The models showed that rainfall over Africa will generally increase by the end of the 21st century. Notably, the Sahara Desert is expected to receive 75% more rainfall, southeastern Africa will see a 25% increase, and south-central Africa will experience a 17% rise in rainfall. “It is surprising for the Sahara to nearly double its historical rainfall,” Taguela said. “But while most models agree on the overall trend of wetter conditions, there’s still uncertainty about how much the rainfall will actually increase. Upgrading these models is key to making reliable predictions.” For the most part, these projected changes are related to the effects of climate change, as higher temperatures help the atmosphere hold more moisture, which in turn leads to rainfall. At the same time, changes in wind patterns also play a part in affecting rainfall. 1．What did the research show about the Sahara Desert? A．It would remain the driest place. B．It would turn into a liveable land. C．It would experience less rainfall. D．It would become wetter than ever. 2．What did Taguela want to stress in paragraph 3? A．Climate change is an avoidable issue. B．Extreme climate conditions are a repeat. C．We have to prepare for changes in rainfall. D．Rainfall patterns are usually unbelievable. 3．What can we know about the climate models in the study? A．They are correct and true. B．They need improving. C．They erase public doubts. D．They make little sense. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The forces behind rainfall. B．The changes in climate patterns. C．The predicted rise in rainfall. D．The impact of clouds on rainfall. Passage 2 In the face of increasing energy bills and the unstable situation of global temperatures, Deep Green, a small data center startup, and Exmouth Leisure Centre have come up with an approach to assist one another. Since the start of the pandemic, energy costs for a leisure swimming pool have reportedly tripled, leaving many centers with no choice but to close, according to Swim England. They claim that by March 2024, 40 percent of council areas could risk losing their swimming pools if nothing changes. Similarly, data centers have had to raise their fees in order to cover the extra cost of cooling their equipment, making it impossible to offer a competitive rate. While most normal data centers waste the heat that the computers generate, Deep Green has found a solution to benefit everybody. They have built a small data center in Exmouth Leisure Centre, allowing the heat from the servers to heat the swimming pool. The solution is cost-free, and Exmouth Leisure Centre is projected to save about £20,000 per year. Given that data centers run 24 hours a day and are designed with backup power systems, they generate a consistent and reliable amount of heat." “As the world moves, we need ten times the number of computers and we cannot build ten times the amount of data centers,” said Bjornsgaard, manager of Deep Green. “So there is a need to decentralize (分散) them and take little bits of them to where the heat is required. Our ‘digital boilers’ put waste heat to good use, saving local businesses thousands of pounds on energy bills and reducing their carbon footprint.” Deep Green isn’t the only company to come up with a neat solution to using waste-heat. In Paris, the Condorcet data center is heating an onsite Climate Change Arboretum that studies which plants are most adaptable to global warming. Similarly, the Notre Dame Centre for Research Computing heats a local municipal greenhouse. So as Bjornsgaard says, this is just the start. 1．What problem is Exmouth Leisure Centre facing? A．The increasing energy bill. B．The risk of losing its customers. C．Finding ways to cool its equipment. D．Its decreasing swimming pools. 2．Why does Deep Green cooperate with Exmouth Leisure Centre? A．Because they belong to the same company. B．Because their business models are similar. C．Because they can provide benefits for each other. D．Because they both want to protect the environment. 3．What factor leads to plenty of heat in data centers? A．The alarming speed of global warming. B．The non-stop running pattern. C．The building of backup power systems. D．The poor arrangement of devices. 4．Which of the following can best describe the solution? A．Modern but strange. B．Complicated but amazing. C．Demanding and expensive. D．Creative and environment-friendly. Passage 3 As ice sheets melted, they often left behind landscapes that typically take many years to become habitable for plants and wildlife. However, recent research has discovered that in just three years, these poor areas can be brought back to life by South American camelids (美洲鸵). By the foot of Peru’s Uruashraju glacier (冰川), researchers partnered with local farmers to herd (放牧) camelids on four areas. For three days a month from 2019 to 2022, the camelids grazed (吃草) the areas. By the end of that time, the otherwise dry and easily destroyed soil had become more stable, richer in nutrients (营养) and supported 57 percent more plant cover than before. This traditional South American way of camelids herding could potentially protect crops, animals and local communities from the impacts of climate change. As is the case worldwide, glaciers are disappearing in Peru’s Cordillera Blanca mountains at an astonishing rate. And as the ice melts, nearby ecosystems lose access to summertime supplies of freshwater and sometimes face harmful acidic (酸性的) minerals in rocks once covered by the glaciers. Camelids may help ease some of these effects. Their transformation of the land could reduce rock weathering, thus limiting the acidic runoff that can damage farmers’ crops. The idea that grass-eating animals grazing may positively impact a landscape is not new. Nor is rewilding — the push to reintroduce key species to their native ecosystems — unique to the Cordillera Blanca mountains. In Finland, for example, local Sami are working to reintroduce reindeer in areas where trees have been cut down. And a group in Spain hopes one day to lift the wild cattle known as the auroch out of extinction, putting it to use in grazing. But the size and speed of the changes the camelids helped bring about surprised the researchers. “Putting nutrients over the soil can produce similar effects on plant growth,” says ecologist Kelsey Reider of James Madison University, but “the animals themselves are doing a lot”. For one, animal waste is special. For another, the camelids weed out dominant plants, making space for new species. 1．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Results of camelids herding. B．Impacts of climate change. C．Reasons for the research. D．Partnership with local farmers. 2．What might be a consequence of glaciers melting? A．Increased acidic runoff. B．Reduced rock weathering. C．Decline in summer rainfall D．Shortage of mineral resources. 3．Why are the underlined “reindeer” and “auroch?” mentioned in paragraph 4? A．To clarify a potential problem. B．To explain a natural phenomenon. C．To compare different rewilding projects. D．To support a conservation effort. 4．What is Kelsey Reider’s attitude towards camelids herding? A．Disapproving. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive. Passage 4 Air pollution remains a global health crisis, responsible for 4.7 million early deaths worldwide in 2021 — about the same as road-traffic accidents, malaria and suicides combined. While road traffic significantly contributes to this problem, the shift to electric vehicles (EVs) presents both promise and challenges that deserve careful examination. Unlike traditional cars, EVs produce no direct exhaust emissions (尾气排放), making them crucial for urban air quality improvement. However, they still produce considerable non-exhaust pollutants from brake, tire and road wear (磨损). These micro particles (颗粒), particularly those smaller than 2.5 microns, pose serious health risks by getting into the lungs and other organs via the bloodstream, potentially causing heart or lung disease, stroke, and cancer. One 2021 study by researchers at the University of Southampton found some brake-pad dust seems more damaging to lung cells, partly due to higher levels of copper, which can damage cells and DNA．Scientists estimate that EVs produce more of these non-exhaust particles than other cars because their batteries make them heavier, the weight averaging 2,133 kg, compared to 1,500-1,800 kg for traditional vehicles, causing them to generate more friction (摩擦). Despite this, EVs are still mostly less polluting than other cars. They maintain an environmental advantage partly through regenerative braking systems where when the driver removes their foot from the pedal, the continued forward motion of the car is harvested to recharge the battery, thereby slowing the car down. Comparative studies show EVs emit about 14 mg/ km of fine particles versus 18 mg/ km for petrol when accounting for all sources. To maximize EV benefits, several strategies are significant. One way is to regulate non-exhaust emissions in a similar way to exhaust. Encouraging people to consider smaller cars, though difficult, would be another, as bigger sizes often mean larger and heavier batteries and the extra range provided by largest batteries may never be needed. Plus, the electricity powering EVs must come from renewable sources to avoid simply relocating pollution to power plants. 1．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To promote the use of EVs. B．To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of EVs. C．To argue about car pollution. D．To compare two types of vehicle pollution. 2．How do regenerative braking systems in EVs reduce pollution? A．Stop using brakes completely B．Turn motion into battery power C．Prevent harmful particles D．Make the car lighter. 3．Which best explains “relocating” in Paragraph 4? A．reducing. B．shifting. C．hiding. D．measuring. 4．What can be inferred about oversized EVs? A．They may cause unnecessary pollution. B．They help regulate emissions. C．They are powered with renewable sources. D．They show technological progress. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题01 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1 学校生活 话题4 运动与健康 话题2 亲子关系 话题5 科学与技术 话题3 友谊 话题6 环境 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 学校生活 Passage 1 Aged 15 in high school, I was talkative and outgoing, often betting that nobody else would do their homework, so I needn’t either. I did not enjoy geometry (几何), although I liked the philosophical approach of our teacher, Mrs Trenholm. She told us that geometry was about humankind’s ability to work things out. A month or so into the year we started on Euclidean geometry. We were all struggling and I was probably the most vocal (敢于直言的) in class about it. Mrs Trenholm set us homework — to prove two angles in a complex geometric shape are equal. She pulled me aside as we were leaving class and said, “Don’t talk your way out of this.” I went home, worked on it for 20 minutes and gave up. Later I decided to try again. My handwriting was messy, and I noticed that if I made the diagram neater and bigger, I could see where I probably went wrong. At about 5 am, I got it and felt like my brain had been rewired! I handed it in the next day. Mrs Trenholm would never embarrass students in front of everyone. So she came to me and handed me the paper with a little check mark in the corner. She looked right at me and asked, “Did you do this?” When I said yes, she nodded and went back to the front of the class, declaring, “One of you now understands Euclidean geometry. Let’s keep going so everybody will get it.” From then on, I found that if I concentrated and worked hard, I could understand and even enjoy a subject. I went on to study maths and physics at university, took a master’s degree in applied science and became a nuclear research scientist. I became someone who no longer allowed myself the freedom to talk myself out of dealing with problems, or give up when things seemed too difficult. 1．How can we describe the author from the first two paragraphs? A．He had trouble studying geometry. B．He always had bets with others. C．He was absorbed in philosophy. D．He was not skilled at socializing. 2．Why did Mrs Trenholm pull the author aside after class? A．To warn him not to talk too much. B．To give him some tips on homework. C．To encourage him to try more approaches. D．To make him take homework seriously 3．What was Mrs Trenholm’s first feeling about the author’s homework? A．Disbelieving. B．Relieved. C．Disapproving. D．Excited. 4．What did the author want to express through the last paragraph? A．He would go for more freedom. B．That lesson taught him to think twice. C．The maths puzzle was a life changer. D．His university life was pretty colorful. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公在高中时对几何学困难的经历，以及在一位教师的指导下最终克服困难并取得成功的过程，展现了教育的力量和自我成长的意义。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“We were all struggling and I was probably the most vocal (敢于直言的) in class about it.(我们都学得很吃力，我可能是班上对此最直言不讳的一个。)”可知，作者学习几何有困难。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“She pulled me aside as we were leaving class and said, “Don’t talk your way out of this.”(我们正要离开教室时，她把我拉到一边说：“别想靠说话蒙混过关。”)”可知，老师把作者拉到一边是为了让他认真对待作业。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“She looked right at me and asked, “Did you do this?” (她直视着我问道：“是你做的吗？”)”可知，老师对作者的家庭作业最初是不相信。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“From then on, I found that if I concentrated and worked hard, I could understand and even enjoy a subject.(从那以后，我发现只要专心努力，我就能理解甚至喜欢一门学科。)”以及作者后来的成就可知，成功解决几何难题的经历让他的生活也发生了改变。故选C项。 Passage 2 Here come 4 most popular clubs in our school! Join us, and we will help you to find your own shining points and make your campus life enjoyable. Yoga Club Yoga not only improves flexibility, but also helps people relax. Students will have the chance to exercise while reducing some stress from life. The club will be open to 10-16 members from Grade 7 to Grade 12, and will meet once weekly (on Tuesday). Basketball Club Students will be able to develop their basketball skills and have the opportunity to compete in basketball games with members from other international schools. The club will be open to 10-16 members from Grade 5 to Grade 8, and will practice twice weekly. Public Speaking Club The Public Speaking Club will be centered around the personal development of students along with developing public speaking skills. The club will focus on all skills in giving better speeches and improving communication skills. The club will be open to 10-12 members from Grade 7 to Grade 12, and will meet once weekly (on Wednesday). Media Club The Media Club teaches students the basics of journalism. The club has a wide range of activities like interviewing teachers and students, writing about big events on campus, and operating the weekly school radio broadcasts. The club will be open to 8-12 members from Grade 6 to Grade 12 and will meet once weekly (on Monday). 5．Which of the following students can join the Yoga Club? A．Fifth grade students. B．Sixth grade students. C．Eighth grade students. D．Third grade students. 6．How often do the members of the Basketball Club practice? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Three times a week. D．Four times a week. 7．What will club members do at the Media Club? A．Set up a school radio. B．Write their own stories. C．Learn public speaking skills. D．Interview teachers and students. 【答案】5．C 6．B 7．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了学校四个最受欢迎的俱乐部，包括瑜伽俱乐部、篮球俱乐部、公共演讲俱乐部和媒体俱乐部。 5．细节理解题。根据Yoga Club部分中“The club will be open to 10-16 members from Grade 7 to Grade 12, and will meet once weekly (on Tuesday).(该俱乐部将面向7至12年级的10-16名成员开放，每周举行一次会议（周二）)”可知，八年级的学生可以加入瑜伽俱乐部。故选C项。 6．细节理解题。根据Basketball Club部分中“The club will be open to 10-16 members from Grade 5 to Grade 8, and will practice twice weekly.(该俱乐部将面向5至8年级的10-16名成员开放，每周练习两次)”可知，篮球俱乐部的成员每周练习两次。故选B项。 7．细节理解题。根据Media Club部分中“The club has a wide range of activities like interviewing teachers and students, writing about big events on campus, and operating the weekly school radio broadcasts.(俱乐部有各种各样的活动，如采访老师和学生，写关于校园大事的文章，以及运营每周的学校广播)”可知，媒体俱乐部的成员会采访老师和学生。故选D项。 Passage 3 I believe that children will live up to whatever standards you set for them as a teacher, as a mentor, as an adviser, but most especially, as an older “friend” who truly cares about their success, not just in school, but most especially in the outside world. Taka came to me with very little English. In the beginning, he struggled so much to understand what was going on in the classroom. I noticed he didn’t have many friends either. I worried about him, especially since other teachers had also reported his lack of progress. What’s worse, other students who came into my class later than Taka did, have demonstrated improvement already, except him. At the back of my mind, I was asking myself, “What am I doing wrong?” I asked everyone in my class what each one’s talent was and whether anybody would be willing to show it on stage. Everyone shook their heads from side to side. Then typically, they started to tell about their other classmates’ abilities/ talents. One student mentioned that Taka actually played the saxophone. I eventually found out from Taka’s mom that he did play the saxophone, but that was when he was in Japan. As I probed further, the mom said they didn’t know where to buy a reasonably priced saxophone. So I took him to the band teacher, and of course, the band teacher knew a shop, and finally, Taka got his saxophone. Finally, it was decided that he was playing the saxophone, and another classmate would accompany him on the piano. The result? Since Taka had to spend time practicing with his classmates at their homes, he ended up better liked by his classmates, gaining him real friends, not people he shared a class with who thought he was from another planet. He also played the sax at the Talent Show, giving his teachers and schoolmates a view into what more he could do, while he still struggled with his language. No one had ever thought I used to be a crazy music lover. I also regained what I had lost for a long time. 8．We can learn from the passage that the author is ___________. A．a teacher B．a student C．a parent D．a musician 9．Why did the author decide to hold a Talent Show? A．To show her talent in playing the piano. B．To help Taka regain confidence in himself. C．To arouse the children’s interest in music. D．To teach the children to relax themselves. 10．The underlined word “what” in the last paragraph probably refers to “___________”. A．a piano B．a busy life C．others’ praise D．the author’s love for music 11．What can we learn about Taka from the passage? A．He was very good at English. B．He really had a gift for the saxophone. C．He performed alone at the Talent Show. D．He learned piano playing from the band teacher. 【答案】8．A 9．B 10．D 11．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为老师，通过帮助Taka重新找回对音乐的热爱，进而帮助他融入班级、获得友谊的故事。 8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I believe that children will live up to whatever standards you set for them as a teacher, as a mentor, as an adviser(我相信，作为老师、导师、顾问，无论你为孩子们设定什么样的标准，他们都会达到)”可知，作者是一名老师。故选A。 9．推理判断题。根据第二段“Taka came to me with very little English. In the beginning, he struggled so much to understand what was going on in the classroom. I noticed he didn’t have many friends either. I worried about him, especially since other teachers had also reported his lack of progress.(Taka来找我时几乎不会说英语。一开始，他很难理解课堂上发生了什么。我注意到他也没有很多朋友。我很担心他，尤其是其他老师也报告说他没有进步)”和第三段中“What’s worse, other students who came into my class later than Taka did, have demonstrated improvement already, except him.(更糟糕的是，其他比Taka晚进我们班的学生都已经有了进步，除了他)”以及第四段中“I asked everyone in my class what each one’s talent was and whether anybody would be willing to show it on stage.(我问班上的每个人，他们各自有什么才能，是否有人愿意在舞台上展示。大家都一个劲摇头。然后，和往常一样，他们开始说起别的同学的优点。有个同学提到，Taka其实会吹萨克斯)”可知，作者发现Taka英语不好、没有朋友、缺乏自信，又得知他会吹萨克斯，让他参加才艺表演，目的是帮助Taka重拾自信。故选B。 10．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“No one had ever thought I used to be a crazy music lover. I also regained what I had lost for a long time.(从来没有人想过我曾经是一个疯狂的音乐爱好者。我也重新找回了我失去了很久的 what)”可知，作者曾经是一个疯狂的音乐爱好者，所以此处指作者重新找回了对音乐的热爱。故what指代的是“作者对音乐的热爱”。故选D。 11．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Finally, it was decided that he was playing the saxophone, and another classmate would accompany him on the piano.(最后，决定由他吹萨克斯，另一位同学用钢琴为他伴奏)”以及最后一段中“He also played the sax at the Talent Show, giving his teachers and schoolmates a view into what more he could do, while he still struggled with his language.(他还在才艺表演上吹了萨克斯，让老师和同学们看到了他在英语之外的闪光点，尽管他还在努力学习语言)”可推知，Taka真的很有吹萨克斯的天赋。故选B。 Passage 4 High school is a time of great change and growth. For many students, it’s the first time they have to manage their own studies, make new friends, and balance different activities. Here are some practical tips to help you make the most of your high school years. First, develop good study habits. Unlike middle school, high school courses are more challenging. It’s important to take notes in class, review them regularly, and finish homework on time. You can also create a study schedule to avoid cramming (临时抱佛脚) before exams. Second, build meaningful relationships. High school is a great place to meet people with similar interests. Join clubs or sports teams that you like. Not only will you make friends, but you’ll also learn teamwork and leadership skills. Remember to be kind and respectful to others — friendships take time to grow. Finally, take care of yourself. Getting enough sleep, eating healthy food, and exercising regularly are essential for your physical and mental health. Don’t be too hard on yourself if you make mistakes — high school is a learning process, and everyone grows at their own pace. 12．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to succeed in high school exams. B．Tips for adapting to high school life. C．The importance of making friends in high school. D．Ways to improve physical health in high school. 13．According to the passage, what should students do to deal with challenging courses? A．Cram before exams. B．Skip difficult classes. C．Develop good study habits. D．Ask teachers for help every day. 14．What benefit can students get from joining clubs? A．They can get better grades. B．They can learn teamwork skills. C．They can avoid making mistakes. D．They can sleep better at night. 【答案】12．B 13．C 14．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高中是充满变化与成长的时期，学生需自主管理学业、交友并平衡活动，文章从培养良好学习习惯、建立有益人际关系和照顾好自己三方面给出实用建议。 12．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“High school is a time of great change and growth. For many students, it’s the first time they have to manage their own studies, make new friends, and balance different activities. Here are some practical tips to help you make the most of your high school years. ( 高中是一个充满变化和成长的时期。对于许多学生来说，这是他们第一次管理自己的学习，结交新朋友，平衡不同的活动。这里有一些实用的建议，可以帮助你充分利用你的高中时光。)”可知，文章开篇点明高中是变化与成长的时期，随后从“培养良好学习习惯”“建立有意义的人际关系”“照顾好自己”三个方面给出实用建议，核心是帮助学生适应高中生活。故选B项。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“First, develop good study habits. Unlike middle school, high school courses are more challenging. It’s important to take notes in class, review them regularly, and finish homework on time. (首先，养成良好的学习习惯。与初中不同，高中课程更具挑战性。在课堂上记笔记，定期复习，按时完成作业是很重要的。)”可知，学生应该养成良好的学习习惯来应对具有挑战性的课程。故选C项。 14．细节理解题。根据第三段中“High school is a great place to meet people with similar interests. Join clubs or sports teams that you like. Not only will you make friends, but you’ll also learn teamwork and leadership skills. (高中是认识志趣相投的人的好地方。参加你喜欢的俱乐部或运动队。你不仅能交到朋友，还能学到团队合作和领导能力。)”可知，学生参加社团可以学习团队合作的技巧。故选B项。 话题2亲子关系 Passage 1 Every Saturday morning, my family and I go to the local market. The market is in the center of town, and it’s always busy with people. There are many stalls selling all kinds of things: fresh fruits and vegetables, homemade bread, flowers, and even handcrafted toys. Going to the market is one of our favorite weekend traditions.​ When we arrive at the market, the first thing I notice is the smell. There’s the sweet smell of fresh strawberries and ripe melons from the fruit stall, and the warm smell of bread from the bakery stall. My little sister, Mia, always runs to the flower stall first. She loves the colorful roses and sunflowers. The flower seller, Mrs. Lee, always gives her a small daisy to hold. Mia smiles so big that her eyes almost close.​ My mom likes to go to the vegetable stall. She talks to the farmer, Mr. Chen, about which vegetables are fresh that day. He always lets her taste a cherry tomato or a piece of cucumber. “These are from my garden,” he says proudly. “I picked them this morning.” My mom fills her basket with carrots, broccoli, and lettuce. She says vegetables from the market taste better than those from the supermarket because they’re so fresh.​ My dad goes straight to the bread stall. He buys a big loaf of whole-grain bread and some cinnamon rolls for breakfast. The baker, Mr. Johnson, knows my dad’s order by heart. “The usual?” he asks, and dad nods with a smile. I like to go to the toy stall. The toys are made by local craftsmen, and they’re very unique. Last week, I bought a small wooden car that I’ve been playing with every day.​ After we’ve finished shopping, we usually stop at a small café near the market. We sit outside and drink juice while Mia plays with her daisy. Mom looks at our bags full of food and says, “We’ll have a delicious dinner tonight.” I love our trips to the market because they’re a time for our family to be together, and I always feel happy when we’re there.​ 1．When do the writer’s family go to the market?​ A．Every Friday morning​. B．Every Saturday morning​. C．Every Sunday afternoon​. D．Every Monday evening​. 2．What does Mia love to do at the market?​ A．Taste fresh vegetables​. B．Buy wooden toys​. C．Look at flowers​. D．Eat cinnamon rolls​. 3．Who sells vegetables at the market?​ A．Mrs. Lee​. B．Mr. Chen​. C．Mr. Johnson​. D．A local craftsman​. 4．What does the writer’s dad usually buy?​ A．Fresh fruits​. B．A loaf of bread and cinnamon rolls​. C．Handcrafted toys​. D．Flowers​. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了每周六早上，作者一家去镇上的市场，家人各有喜欢的摊位，买完东西会去咖啡馆，作者喜欢这家人相聚的快乐时光。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Every Saturday morning, my family and I go to the local market.(每个星期六早上，我和家人都会去当地的市场。)”可知，作者一家是在每个星期六的早上去市场。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“My little sister, Mia, always runs to the flower stall first. She loves the colorful roses and sunflowers.(我的小妹妹Mia总是第一个跑到花摊。她喜欢五颜六色的玫瑰和向日葵。)”可知，Mia喜欢在市场上看花。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“My mom likes to go to the vegetable stall. She talks to the farmer, Mr. Chen, about which vegetables are fresh that day. He always lets her taste a cherry tomato or a piece of cucumber. (我妈妈喜欢去蔬菜摊。她和农民Chen先生谈论那天哪些蔬菜是新鲜的。他总是让她尝一个小番茄或一片黄瓜。)”可知，在市场上卖蔬菜的是Mr. Chen。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段中“My dad goes straight to the bread stall. He buys a big loaf of whole-grain bread and some cinnamon rolls for breakfast.(我爸爸直接去了面包摊。他买了一大块全麦面包和一些肉桂卷作为早餐。)”可知，作者的爸爸通常买一条面包和一些肉桂卷。故选B项。 Passage 2 Conflict between parents and children is normal. It is part of family life. But conflict that goes on for a long time and gets worse over time can cause stress and can hurt relationships. It is important to communicate with each other and bring conflict to a peaceful solution. You can do this through compromise (让步) or by agreeing to disagree. No matter what else you do, communicate with your children and make sure they know that you love them. This can make dealing with conflict easier and more effective. In some cases, you may have to change your behaviour to settle a conflict with your child. Some of your child’s behaviour may be a reaction to your behaviour. So, if you want your child to behave in a certain way, one way may be to change your behaviour so that your child will follow your model. But children should be responsible for their own actions and the results. All parents want to protect their children. But in some cases, unless the child is in physical danger, it may be best to let the child deal with the negative results of things they do. Collaborate (合作) to develop specific rules and write them down. These may include statements such as how much time they can spend on electronics, and when homework must be completed. Not only are you modeling for your kids how to work together and resolve differences, but also you are working out important guidelines for how your house will operate. Have clear results for misconduct. Thus, if your child disobeys the rules, make it clear that the right to use the toy will be taken away because of his inability to play with it responsibly. Additionally, create routines so that they know when they have free time to themselves after they have completed tasks set out for them. These could include helping feed the family pet, taking a shower, or finishing homework. 1．What's the key to solving the conflict between parents and children? A．Advising children to give in. B．Changing their behaviors. C．Reaching an understanding. D．Developing some rules. 2．Why do parents need to change their behavior first in the conflict? A．To compromise with their children. B．To take responsibility for their actions. C．To find a reason to punish children. D．To set a good example for children. 3．What should parents do if the child does something bad? A．Teach him how to solve it. B．Handle the situation for him. C．Let him deal with it himself. D．Share the solutions with him. 4．Whom is the text written to? A．Parents. B．Children. C．Teachers. D．Students. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了如何解决父母和孩子之间的冲突。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“It is important to communicate with each other and bring conflict to a peaceful solution. You can do this through compromise (让步) or by agreeing to disagree.(重要的是相互沟通，以和平方式解决冲突。你可以通过妥协或同意不同意见来做到这一点)”可知，解决父母和孩子冲突的关键是互相沟通和理解，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“So, if you want your child to behave in a certain way, one way may be to change your behaviour so that your child will follow your model.(所以，如果你想让你的孩子以某种方式行事，一种方法可能是改变你的行为，这样你的孩子就会以你为榜样。)”可知，父母首先需在冲突中改变自己的行为，这是为了给孩子树立榜样，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But in some cases, unless the child is in physical danger, it may be best to let the child deal with the negative results of things they do.(但在某些情况下，除非孩子有身体上的危险，否则最好让孩子自己处理他们所做的事情的负面结果。)”可知，如果孩子造成不好的事情发生，父母应让孩子自己去处理，故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“No matter what else you do, communicate with your children and make sure they know that you love them.(不管你做什么，和你的孩子交流，确保他们知道你爱他们)”和第二段中“In some cases, you may have to change your behaviour to settle a conflict with your child.(在某些情况下，你可能不得不改变你的行为来解决与孩子的冲突)”可知，文章是写给父母的，故选A。 Passage 3 When I was a child, my family lived a simple life in a small town. My father was a hardworking factory worker, and my mother took care of the household. We didn’t have much money, but we had a lot of love. One summer, my father decided to take us on a camping trip. I was so excited! I had never been camping before. We packed up our tent, sleeping bags, and some food, and set off for the mountains. When we arrived at the campsite, it was beautiful. There were tall trees, a clear stream, and a big field. We set up our tent and then went for a walk. I saw all kinds of wildflowers and butterflies. It was like a magical place. That night, we sat around the campfire and told stories. My father told us about his childhood, and my mother sang some old songs. I felt so happy and content. I realized that it didn’t matter how much money we had. What mattered was being together as a family. The next day, we went fishing in the stream. I caught my first fish! It was a small trout, but I was so proud. We cooked the fish over the campfire and it tasted delicious. As we were packing up to go home, I knew that this camping trip would be a memory that I would cherish forever. 1．What kind of life did the author’s family live when he was a child? A．Wealthy and comfortable. B．Busy and stressful. C．Simple but full of love. D．Adventurous and exciting. 2．Why was the author excited about the camping trip? A．Because he had never been camping before. B．Because he wanted to see wildflowers and butterflies. C．Because he missed his father who worked hard. D．Because he could escape from household chores. 3．What did the author realize during the camping trip? A．The importance of having a lot of money. B．The beauty of nature. C．The joy of catching fish. D．The value of family time. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．A memorable camping trip. B．The importance of hard work. C．The beauty of the mountains. D．The author’s childhood memories. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者童年时和家人一起去露营的难忘经历。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When I was a child, my family lived a simple life in a small town.(小时候，我们一家人在一个小镇上过着简单的生活。)”以及“We didn’t have much money, but we had a lot of love.(我们没有很多钱，但我们有很多爱。)”可知，作者小时候家里过着简单但充满爱的生活。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I was so excited! I had never been camping before.(我太兴奋了！我以前从未露营过。)”可知，作者对露营之旅感到兴奋是因为他以前从未露营过。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I realized that it didn’t matter how much money we had. What mattered was being together as a family.(我意识到我们有多少钱并不重要。重要的是一家人在一起。)”可知，作者在露营旅行中意识到了家庭时光的价值。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“One summer, my father decided to take us on a camping trip. I was so excited! I had never been camping before. We packed up our tent, sleeping bags, and some food, and set off for the mountains.(有一年夏天，父亲决定带我们去露营。我兴奋极了！因为此前从未露营过。我们收拾好帐篷、睡袋和一些食物，便出发前往山区。)”以及下文介绍的露营经历可知，文章主要讲述了作者童年时和家人的一次露营旅行以及此次旅行带来的感受，“一次难忘的露营旅行”最能概括全文。故选A项。 Passage 4 Papa, as a son of a dirt-poor farmer, left school early and went to work in a factory, for education was for the rich then. So, the world became his school. With great interest, he read everything he could lay his hands on, listened to the town elders and learned about the world beyond his tiny hometown. “There’s so much to learn,” he’d say. “Though we’re born stupid, only the stupid remain that way.” He was determined that none of his children would be denied (拒绝) an education. Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day. Though, as children, we thought this was crazy, it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a request. And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned. We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly. Papa would listen carefully and was ready with some comment, always to the point. Then came the moment — the time to share the day’s new learning. Papa, at the head of the table, would push back his chair and pour a glass of red wine, ready to listen. “Felice,” he’d say, “tell me what you learned today.” “I learned that the population of Nepal is...” Silence. Papa was thinking about what was said, as if the salvation (拯救) of the world would depend upon it. “The population of Nepal. Hmm. Well...” he’d say. “Get the map; let’s see where Nepal is.” And the whole family went on a search for Nepal. This same experience was repeated until each family member had a turn. Dinner ended only after we had a clear understanding of at least half a dozen such facts. As children, we thought very little about these educational wonders. Our family, however, was growing together, sharing experiences and participating in one another’s education. And by looking at us, listening to us, respecting our input, affirming (肯定) our value, giving us a sense of dignity (尊严), Papa was unquestionably our most influential teacher. Later during my training as a future teacher, I studied with some of the most famous educators. They were imparting (传授) what Papa had known all along-the value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life. Not a single day has been wasted, though I can never tell when knowing the population of Nepal might prove useful. 1．The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “______”. A．one new thing B．a request C．the news D．some comment 2．It can be learned from the passage that the author ______ . A．enjoyed talking about news B．appreciated his father’s educational technique C．felt regret about those wasted days D．knew very well about Nepal 3．What is the greatest value of “dinner time” to the author? A．Showing talents. B．Continual learning. C．Family get-together. D．Winning Papa’s approval. 4．The author’s father can be best described as ______ . A．a parent insistent on his children’s education B．an educator expert at training future teachers C．a participant willing to share his knowledge D．a teacher strict about everything his students did 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了出身贫寒的父亲坚持让孩子们每天学习新知识，通过晚餐时间分享学习内容，其教育方式让作者受益终身。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly.(我们会谈论当天的新闻；无论多么微不足道，都不会被轻视)”和指代关系可知，指示代词“it”指代前面提到的“the news of the day”，即“the news”。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They were imparting (传授) what Papa had known all along — the value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life. Not a single day has been wasted, though I can never tell when knowing the population of Nepal might prove useful.(他们在传授爸爸一直都知道的东西——不断学习的价值。他的方法让我一生受益。没有一天被浪费，尽管我永远不知道了解尼泊尔的人口何时会有用)”可知，作者认为父亲传授的东西让其一生受益，所以他很感激父亲的教育方法。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中“And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned. We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly. Papa would listen carefully and was ready with some comment, always to the point.(晚餐时间似乎是分享我们所学到的知识的最佳时机。我们会谈论当天的新闻；无论多么微不足道，都不会掉以轻心。爸爸会仔细听，随时准备发表意见，而且总是切中要害)”、倒数第二段中“Our family, however, was growing together, sharing experiences and participating in one another’s education.(然而，我们一家人一起成长，分享经历，参与彼此的教育)”以及最后一段中“They were imparting (传授) what Papa had known all along the value of continual learning.(他们在传授父亲一直都知道的东西——持续学习的价值)”可知，晚餐时间的最大价值在于持续的学习。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“He was determined that none of his children would be denied (拒绝) an education.(他决心不让他的任何一个孩子被剥夺受教育的权利)”以及后文父亲坚持让孩子们每天学习新知识并在晚餐分享可推知，作者的父亲是一个坚持让孩子接受教育的家长。故选A项。 话题3友谊 Passage 1 Do phone calls from long-lost friends really excite you? You’re not alone. A new study finds people often underestimate how much their old friends will appreciate receiving a call from them out of the blue. Meanwhile, the friend getting the call places a much higher value on the surprise social interaction. “People are fundamentally social beings and enjoy bonding with others,” explains lead author Peggy Liu, PhD, from the University of Pittsburgh, in a media release. Researchers conducted several experiments involving over 5,900 people to look at what factors play into the amount of appreciation someone feels when others contact them. In one experiment, researchers asked half of the participants to remember the last time they contacted someone in their social circle after not speaking with them for a really long time. The rest of the group took the opposite approach, remembering when a long-lost friend reached them by phone. The two groups then had to rate on a seven-point scale (1 meaning “not at all” and 7 meaning “to a great extent”) how much the person receiving this communication appreciated, or felt grateful, or pleased about the message. For people making the call, this meant guessing how much their friend enjoyed hearing from them. For the people receiving the call, they simply had to rate how much they appreciated hearing from a long-lost pal. Results showcase the people reaching their friend significantly underrated their friend’s appreciation when the two groups were compared. “I sometimes hesitate before contacting people in my social circle for a variety of reasons. When that happens, I think about these research findings and remind myself that other people may also want to reach me and hesitate for the same reasons,” Liu concludes. “I then tell myself that I would appreciate it so much if they reached me and that there is no reason to think they would not similarly appreciate my reaching them.” 1．Which of the following best explains “out of the blue” underlined in paragraph 1? A．Delightedly. B．Instantly. C．Regularly. D．Unexpectedly. 2．What are the researchers’ conclusions based on? A．The comparison between the data from two groups. B．Their observation of social interaction among participants. C．Their analysis of participants’ attachment to their old friends. D．Their investigation into the social connections of participants. 3．What can we learn about the participants reaching their friends? A．They tended to be more sociable. B．They expressed different grades of gratitude. C．Their friends might hesitate to contact them for various reasons. D．Their friends were more grateful for their calls than they had expected. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Improve Your Communication Skills. B．Observe the Law of Social Interaction. C．Have No Hesitation in Reaching Your Friend. D．Promote a Closer Friendship by Calling Your Friend. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项新研究发现，人们常低估久未联系的朋友对突然来电的欣喜，而接电话者更看重这种意外社交互动。研究者通过实验证实此现象，作者也分享了自身感悟。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“surprise social interaction(意外的社交互动)”可知，研究发现人们常低估老朋友对突然来电的感激程度，故划线词意思是“意外地”。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“In one experiment, researchers asked half of the participants to remember the last time they contacted someone in their social circle after not speaking with them for a really long time. The rest of the group took the opposite approach, remembering when a long-lost friend reached them by phone.(在一项实验中，研究人员让一半的参与者回忆一下自己在与某位社交圈内的人长时间未联系之后，最后一次与他们取得联系的时间。而另一半参与者则采取了相反的方法，即回忆起一位久未联系的朋友通过电话联系自己的时间)”以及第三段“Results showcase the people reaching their friend significantly underrated their friend’s appreciation when the two groups were compared.(研究结果表明，当对两组人群进行比较时，联系到朋友的一方明显低估了朋友对自己消息的重视程度)”可知，研究人员得出的结论是基于对两组数据的比较。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Results showcase the people reaching their friend significantly underrated their friend’s appreciation when the two groups were compared.(研究结果表明，当对两组人群进行比较时，联系到朋友的一方明显低估了朋友对自己消息的重视程度)”可知，参与者的朋友对他们的来电表达的感激之情比他们原本预期的要多。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Do phone calls from long-lost friends really excite you? You’re not alone. A new study finds people often underestimate how much their old friends will appreciate receiving a call from them out of the blue. Meanwhile, the friend getting the call places a much higher value on the surprise social interaction.(与久未谋面的朋友打个电话，真的会让你感到兴奋吗？你并非个例。一项新的研究发现，人们往往低估了那些久未联系的朋友收到自己突然打来的电话时会有多么感激。与此同时，接到电话的朋友则更看重这种突如其来的社交互动所带来的惊喜感)”结合文章主要说明了一项新研究发现，人们常低估久未联系的朋友对突然来电的欣喜，而接电话者更看重这种意外社交互动。研究者通过实验证实此现象，作者也分享了自身感悟。可知，C选项“有需要就毫不犹豫地联系你的朋友”最符合文章标题。故选C。 Passage 2 The other day I quarreled with my good friend Alissa. I told a guy a conversation we shared, not knowing she would be so annoyed with me about it. Yes, I overstepped my boundaries (边界). But I don’t want to lose my three-year friendship with Alissa. You develop a friendship with someone, and conflict is sure to occur. Many superficial (肤浅的) friendships end up being broken after an argument because there isn’t enough depth to ensure all the trouble it takes to smooth over the disagreement. Unfortunately, even when the friendship reaches a deeper level, conflict continues to happen and can break apart a relationship. How can this be avoided? First and foremost, talk the situation over soon after it occurs. And do it quickly! From my experience, people begin to talk about what happened while it is still fresh in their minds. One rule my parents follow in their marriage is that they don’t go to bed angry with each other. They always try to resolve things the day it happens so that in the morning, it’s a fresh start. Sometimes if you sit down and talk things over, realize everyone has been created differently with various talents, abilities, and personalities. For example, you might be a leader while your friend is more of a follower. You may be disappointed with him or her for not being very decisive. Yet it is important to understand that each person is unique and needs to be appreciated. But the most challenging is resolution — be the first person in a fight to say sorry for your part. Even when you think the other person is wrong, it’s not a bad thing to say, “I’m sorry you feel that way.” Use feeling words since no one can argue with your feelings. For example, “When you do this, you make me feel silly.” Resolving conflict in any friendship is not a pleasant task, but it is worth the trouble because the result on the other end is a deeper friendship. 1．What do superficial friendships and deeper ones have in common according to the paragraph 2? A．Conflict is unavoidable. B．A quarrel brings an end to them. C．Disagreement deepens friendships. D．Understanding between friends is important. 2．What do we know about the author’s parents? A．They never sleep with work undone. B．They are used to making an apology. C．Their marriage isn’t so happy as expected. D．They solve their arguments without delay. 3．Which of the following does the author think is the most challenging? A．Applying feeling words when apologizing. B．Realizing everyone needs to be appreciated. C．Accepting your followers are not so decisive. D．Being the first one to apologize for your part. 4．What’s the author’s attitude towards resolving conflicts between friends? A．Supportive. B．Unworthy. C．Troublesome. D．Cautious. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过作者与朋友吵架的经历，阐述了友谊中冲突不可避免，并给出避免冲突破坏友谊的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“You develop a friendship with someone, and conflict is sure to occur. Many superficial (肤浅的) friendships end up being broken after an argument because there isn’t enough depth to ensure all the trouble it takes to smooth over the disagreement. Unfortunately, even when the friendship reaches a deeper level, conflict continues to happen and can break apart a relationship. (你和某人建立了友谊，冲突肯定会发生。许多肤浅的友谊在一场争吵后就结束了，因为没有足够的深度来确保解决分歧所需的一切麻烦。不幸的是，即使友谊达到了更深的层次，冲突仍会发生，并可能破坏一段关系)”可知，无论是肤浅的友谊还是更深层次的友谊，冲突都是不可避免的。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“One rule my parents follow in their marriage is that they don’t go to bed angry with each other. They always try to resolve things the day it happens so that in the morning, it’s a fresh start. (我父母在婚姻中遵循的一条规则是，他们不会带着怒气上床睡觉。他们总是试图在事情发生的当天解决问题，这样到了早上，就是一个新的开始)”可知，作者的父母会及时解决他们之间的争执，不拖延。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中“But the most challenging is resolution — be the first person in a fight to say sorry for your part. (但最具挑战性的是决心——在争吵中做第一个为自己道歉的人。)”可知，作者认为最具挑战性的是做第一个为自己的过错道歉的人，即首先道歉。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Resolving conflict in any friendship is not a pleasant task, but it is worth the trouble because the result on the other end is a deeper friendship. (解决任何友谊中的冲突都不是一件愉快的事情，但这是值得的，因为最终的结果是一段更深厚的友谊)”可知，作者认为解决朋友之间的冲突虽然麻烦，但能带来更深厚的友谊，所以作者对解决朋友间冲突持支持态度。故选A项。 Passage 3 There was once a boy called Mario who loved to have a lot of friends at school. However, he wasn’t sure whether or not his schoolmates were his real friends, so he asked his grandpa for help. The old man told him, “I just have what you exactly need, and it’s in the attic. Wait a minute here.” Grandpa left, soon returning as though carrying something in his hand, but Mario could see nothing there. “Take it. It’s a very special chair. It’s rather tricky to sit on for it’s invisible, but if you take it to school and manage to sit on it, you’ll be able to tell who your real friends are,” Grandpa said. Mario was curious to know whether it was true or not, so he took the strange invisible chair and set off for school. At break time, he asked his classmates to form a circle, and then he put himself inside, with his chair. “Nobody moves! You’ re about to see something amazing.” Then Mario tried to sit on the chair, but he missed and fell down onto his back. Everyone had a pretty good laugh about it. Mario wouldn’t be beaten. He kept trying to sit on the magic chair, and kept falling to the ground…until, suddenly, he tried again and didn’t fall over. This time he sat, hovering in mid-air... Looking around, Mario saw George, Lucas and Diana — three of his best friends, holding him up, so he wouldn’t fall down. Meanwhile, many others he had thought of as friends did nothing but make fun of him, enjoying his every fall. Leaving with his three friends, he explained to them how his grandpa had so cleverly thought. of a way to show him that true friends are those who care about us, and not just any acquaintance who happens to be passing by. Even less would a real friend be someone who takes joy in our misfortunes (不幸). 1．Why did Mario turn to his grandpa for help? A．Because he wondered about true friends. B．Because he couldn’t make any friends. C．Because he didn’t get along with his schoolmates D．Because he didn’t like his school. 2．Why was Mario able to hover in the mid-air? A．Because he managed to sit on the invisible chair finally. B．Because his three friends held him up. C．Because his classmates gave him a chair to sit on. D．Because he could see the magic chair clearly. 3．Who are real friends according to the text? A．Those who laugh with us. B．Those who take joy in our misfortunes. C．Those who care for us when we are popular at school D．Those who sympathize with your misfortunes. 4．How did Mario most probably feel in the end of the text? A．Happy. B．Unconcerned. C．Upset. D．Uncomfortable. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了Mario为了弄清楚谁是真正的朋友，听从爷爷的建议，拿了一把看不见的椅子去学校，通过观察同学们的反应，最终明白了真正的朋友是那些关心我们的人，而不是那些只是路过或者在我们不幸时取笑我们的人。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“However, he wasn’t sure whether or not his schoolmates were his real friends, so he asked his grandpa for help.(然而，他不确定他的同学是否是他真正的朋友，所以他向他的爷爷求助。)”可知，Mario向他的爷爷求助是因为他想知道真正的朋友是什么样的。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Looking around, Mario saw George, Lucas and Diana — three of his best friends, holding him up, so he wouldn’t fall down.(Mario环顾四周，看到他的三个最好的朋友George、Lucas和Diana把他举起来，这样他就不会摔倒了。)”可知，Mario能在半空中悬浮是因为他的三个朋友把他举起来了。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Leaving with his three friends, he explained to them how his grandpa had so cleverly thought of a way to show him that true friends are those who care about us, and not just any acquaintance who happens to be passing by. Even less would a real friend be someone who takes joy in our misfortunes.(和他的三个朋友一起离开后，他向他们解释了他的爷爷是如何巧妙地想出一个办法来告诉他，真正的朋友是那些关心我们的人，而不仅仅是碰巧路过的熟人。更不用说真正的朋友是那些在我们不幸时取乐的人了。)”可知，真正的朋友是那些关心我们的人，也就是那些同情你的不幸的人。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Leaving with his three friends, he explained to them how his grandpa had so cleverly thought of a way to show him that true friends are those who care about us, and not just any acquaintance who happens to be passing by.(和他的三个朋友一起离开后，他向他们解释了他的爷爷是如何巧妙地想出一个办法来告诉他，真正的朋友是那些关心我们的人，而不仅仅是碰巧路过的熟人。)”可知，Mario通过这件事明白了真正的朋友是什么样的，并且他还有三个真正的朋友，所以他应该是高兴的。故选A。 Passage 4 America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while — then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flow more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families. Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily, but truly can’t manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably. Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don’t show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes. For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for pure business matters. So accept their hospitality at home! 1．The writer of this passage must be ________. A．an American B．a Chinese C．a professor D．a student 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families. B．Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives. C．Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy. D．Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break. 3．The underlined words “generous with our time” in Paragraph 3 probably mean “________”. A．strict with time B．serious with time C．careful with time D．willing to spend time 4．A suitable title for this passage would probably be “________”. A．Friendships between Chinese B．Friendships between Americans C．Americans’ hospitality D．Americans’ and Chinese views of friendships 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章对比了中美文化中友谊和待客方式的差异，美国人的友谊灵活且可能中断但可恢复，待客热情但不愿花额外时间，而中国人的友谊更长久深入，并愿意为朋友付出大量时间。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand (这对我们中国人来说可能很难理解)”以及第三段中“Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans (另一个我们中国人难以理解美国人的地方)”可知，作者是以中国人的视角在对比中美文化差异，其身份应该是中国人。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while — then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. (双方可能会互寄一两年圣诞贺卡，或者偶尔通几封信——之后便不再联系。但若这两人偶然重逢，哪怕时隔多年，他们也能重拾当年的友谊)”可知，即使分开多年，美国人也能重拾友谊。故选D项。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线部分的下文“Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. (有时，我们作为东道主，甚至会深夜赶到机场迎接朋友。我们会特意请假数日，只为给外国友人当导游)”可知，中国人可以深夜去机场接朋友，请假当朋友的导游，说明中国人愿意慷慨付出时间，划线部分 generous with our time指“在时间上大方”，即“愿意付出时间”。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. (美国人之间的友谊可以很亲密、很真挚，但一旦境况改变，也可能很快疏远)”和“This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flow more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families. (我们中国人可能很难理解这一点，因为我们之间的友谊发展较慢，却往往能维系终生，有时甚至深深延伸到两个家庭之中)”可知，文章围绕中美对友谊和待客方式的差异展开，既提到美国人友谊的短暂性和家庭接待习惯，也对比了中国人的长期友谊和主动付出时间的文化。因此，D项“美国人和中国人对友谊的看法”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 话题4运动与健康 Passage 1 A recent study looked at how playing sports affects teenagers' mental health (心理健康). Researchers did the study for two years. They worked with 2,000 students aged 13-18 from different schools. The study wanted to find out how regular exercise helps teens feel better emotionally. The study found that teens who played team sports (like basketball, volleyball or soccer) felt less worried than those who didn’t exercise at all. Dr. Lisa Chen, who led the study, said, “Team sports need you to work together and talk with teammates. This helps you make friends and feel like you belong to a group. These things are very important to make you less worried.” Similarly, individual sports (like swimming, running or tennis) also helped. Teens who did these sports felt more confident. “When you set small goals in these sports and reach them, you feel proud of yourself,” Dr. Chen added, “this makes you more confident.” But the study also warned against training too much. Teens who practiced sports for more than five hours a week after school and didn’t rest enough felt more stressed. “You need a balance,” Dr. Chen said. “Sports are good for you, but too much training makes you tired and stressed.” There was another interesting finding about boys and girls. Girls who played sports often felt better about their bodies than those who didn’t. For boys, playing sports was linked to better grades at school. This might be because regular exercise helps them focus more in class. 1．What can we infer about team sports from paragraph two? A．Team sports are not good for making friends. B．Teens who play team sports always feel stressed. C．Team sports can only help teens get better grades. D．Teens who don't play team sports often feel more worried. 2．What did the study find about teens who overtrained without enough rest? A．They got better grades. B．They felt more stressed. C．They made more friends. D．They felt more confident. 3．Why does the writer mention “gender differences” in the last paragraph? A．To show that sports are not suitable for all teens. B．To explain why boys are better at sports than girls. C．To add information about how sports help teens in different ways. D．To prove that girls care more about their own body image than boys do. 4．What is Dr. Chen’s attitude towards teens playing sports? A．She thinks teens should not play any sports. B．She believes only team sports are helpful for teens. C．She says teens must play sports for more than five hours a week. D．She supports teens playing sports but warns against overtraining. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一项关于“运动对青少年心理健康影响”的研究及关键发现。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“The study found that teens who played team sports (like basketball, volleyball or soccer) felt less worried than those who didn’t exercise at all. (研究发现，参加团体运动（如篮球、排球或足球）的青少年比那些根本不运动的青少年更少焦虑)”可知，参加团队运动的青少年比完全不运动的青少年更少感到焦虑，由此可推断不参加团队运动的青少年往往更焦虑。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Teens who practiced sports for more than five hours a week after school and didn’t rest enough felt more stressed. (那些每周放学后运动超过五小时且休息不足的青少年感到压力更大)”可知，过度训练且休息不足的青少年会感到更有压力。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“There was another interesting finding about boys and girls. Girls who played sports often felt better about their bodies than those who didn’t. For boys, playing sports was linked to better grades at school. (关于男孩和女孩还有一个有趣的发现。经常运动的女孩比不运动的女孩对自己的身体感觉更好。对于男孩来说，运动与在学校取得更好的成绩有关)”可知，作者提及性别差异是为了补充说明运动以不同方式帮助青少年的信息。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段“The study found that teens who played team sports (like basketball, volleyball or soccer) felt less worried than those who didn’t exercise at all. (研究发现，参加团体运动（如篮球、排球或足球）的青少年比那些根本不运动的青少年更少焦虑)”，第三段“Similarly, individual sports (like swimming, running or tennis) also helped. Teens who did these sports felt more confident. (同样地，个人项目（如游泳、跑步或网球）也有帮助。参与这些运动的青少年会变得更自信)”及第四段“Teens who practiced sports for more than five hours a week after school and didn’t rest enough felt more stressed. (那些每周放学后运动超过五小时且休息不足的青少年感到压力更大)可知，陈博士既支持青少年运动，又警告避免过度训练。故选D。 Passage 2 After bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started eyeing the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing. Unlike common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, separate rooms for a person to use, often set up near living communities. Every four-square-metre room provides a treadmill (跑步机), an air cleaner, a mirror, a television and an air conditioner, and users can let down the curtains (窗帘) for privacy. When exercising, users can listen to music, watch movies and check emails by connecting to the Internet by the screen fixed on the treadmill. But there’s no shower. Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by a smartphone app, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code (二维码) for use. A refundable deposit (可退还的押金) of 99 yuan is required, and users are charged 1 yuan every 5 minutes. The shared gym rooms are created by Misspao, a Beijing-based technology company founded in July. Within several months since it was founded, the company has already raised over 100 million yuan. However, the idea of the shared fitness experience is not totally new. Last December, the company VRUN set up shared treadmills in office and apartment buildings. The sharing economy is still becoming popular in China. According to Yicai Global, confident people are pouring millions into sharing start-ups. In March, the State Information Centre published a report which says that the total value of China’s sharing economy will see a yearly growth of 40% in the coming years, and it is expected to make a great contribution to the country’s GDP. 1．What makes the shared gym room different from the common one? A．Sharing open spaces. B．Providing free training courses. C．Holding one person at a time. D．Having some advanced equipment. 2．What do people need to do to use the shared gym room? A．Pay 100 yuan first. B．Book a room ahead of time. C．Have a shower before exercise. D．Let down curtains for privacy. 3．What is the author’s attitude towards China’s sharing economy? A．Doubtful. B．Unclear. C．Worried. D．Positive. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To introduce shared gym rooms. B．To praise a technology company. C．To support the idea of sharing gym rooms. D．To tell the future of shared gym rooms. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在中国出现的新兴产业：共享健身房以及共享健身房的一些特点和使用方法和这个项目的创立过程等。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlike common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, separate rooms for a person to use, often set up near living communities.(与那些为众多会员提供宽敞公共空间供其同时使用的普通健身房不同，新建成的共享健身房房间则较小，是供个人使用的独立房间，通常设置在居民区附近)”可知，共享健身房不同于普通健身房，它一次容纳一个人。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by a smartphone app, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code (二维码) for use.(与使用共享自行车类似，用户可以通过智能手机应用程序找到共享健身房的位置，提前预订房间，然后需要扫描二维码才能使用)”可知，人们需要提前预订房间才能使用共享健身房。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The sharing economy is still becoming popular in China.(共享经济在中国仍十分流行)”以及本段中作者引用国家信息中心的预测数据来证明自己的观点，共享经济在中国的发展前景很好。由此推知，作者对中国共享经济的态度是积极的。故选D。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，并根据第一段“After bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started eyeing the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing.(在自行车和雨伞在全中国实现了共享使用之后，一些公司开始关注健身市场，于是共享健身房在北京市的街头也出现了)”可知，文章介绍了在中国出现的新兴产业：共享健身房以及共享健身房的一些特点和使用方法和这个项目的创立过程等。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍共享健身房。故选A。 Passage 3 UW Student Classical Music Jacoby Competition The worlds of competition and classical music meet head-on as the University of Wyoming’s finest student musicians will be chosen during the UW Symphony Orchestra’s Jacoby Competition at 7:30 pm on May 6 in the Buchanan Center for the Performing Arts concert hall. Tickets are $19 for the general public, $15 for the elderly and $9 for students. To order tickets, call (307) 766-6666 or go online at www.tix.com/ticket-sales/uwyo/6984. The concert is named after Dorothy Jacoby, a musical and founding member of the local Symphony Association and a longtime supporter of classical music in Laramie. After her death, her sons, Peter and Michael Jacoby, made a generous contribution in honour of their mother. “The Jacoby Competition never fails to be one of the UW Symphony Orchestra’s most exciting events,” says UW Department of Music Professor Michael Griffith. “What you will hear is actually the finals of a two-stage competition.” Several months ago, many UW music students played their selected pieces in the audition (试演) round. A group of well-known musicians served as judges and chose the seven top students to perform in the finals concert. Another set of judges will be at the performance and will decide the best two performances of the evening. The winners will get the $2,500 prize that is awarded at the performance. 1．What is the ticket price for students to attend the concert? A．$5. B．$9. C．$15. D．$19. 2．What were the music students required to do in the first round? A．Produce the original work. B．Practice with these musicians. C．Perform their picked music. D．Play pieces written by judges. 3．What will the winners receive? A．Recordings. B．Cash awards. C．Concert tickets. D．Singing auditions. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了怀俄明大学（University of Wyoming）交响乐团举办的学生音乐家选拔比赛Jacob Competition的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Tickets are $19 for the general public, $15 for the elderly and $9 for students.(普通观众的票价是19美元，老年人的票价是15美元，学生的票价是9美元。)”可知，学生参加音乐会的票价是9美元。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Several months ago, many UW music students played their selected pieces in the audition round.(几个月前，许多怀俄明大学音乐系的学生在试演环节演奏了他们挑选的曲目。)”可知，在第一轮比赛中，音乐学生被要求演奏他们挑选的音乐。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The winners will get the $2,500 prize that is awarded at the performance.(获胜者将获得在演出中颁发的2500美元奖金。)”可知，获胜者将获得现金奖励。故选B。 Passage 4 At the beginning of modern Olympics, athletes would compete by using heavy equipment. The record for throwing a javelin (标枪), for example, has almost doubled since 1908. In fact, sporting equipment has improved in almost every sport and most has been made of fiber and plastic ever since. If you compare a modern tennis racket and an old wooden one, you will find the difference. Badminton rackets, too, have left solid wood behind. Running footwear relies on carbon composites (合成物) to get more comfort, speed up and reduce foot injury. Cycling has greatly benefited from carbon composites. Modern racing bikes are often made entirely of carbon fiber. Wherever you look, you see these plastic composites. The wheelchairs in the Paralympics, the boats in sailing, the skateboards in skating, the surfboards in surfing and even the climbing walls in rock climbing, are all made of composites. These materials have changed many sports. But composites are made of several materials, meaning that they have led to many other problems. In the United Kingdom, for example, about 90% of all composite waste goes to landfill. Only 2% is reused for carbon fiber. Producing new composites consumes a lot of energy. Globally, about 7,000 tons of composite sporting equipment reaches its end of life. However, demand for recycling is increasing. Therefore, researchers have to look for better ways to recycle them. Through trial and error, they developed highly efficient chemical methods of pre-treating broken bikes and melted them at high temperature, through which they could extract (提取) these fibers relatively complete. These carbon fibers can also be used in 3D printing of other bike components, offering a high strength rate and increased durability, thus making their life longer. While their new method uses less energy than existing heat recycling processes and produces relatively eco-friendly waste, they believe they can perfect this process. They also hope this method will help recycling businesses process more composite products from sports. 1．How does the author develop paragraph 2? A．By making a comparison. B．By giving a description. C．By listing some examples. D．By analyzing causes and effects. 2．What do the numbers in paragraph 3 show? A．Composite equipment makes a difference. B．Composite waste has caused new problems. C．Composite materials influence various sports. D．Composite waste needs the best recycling system. 3．What does the underlined word “durability” in paragraph 4 mean? A．The ability to last long. B．The intention to be used. C．The time to make products. D．The power to adapt to environment. 4．What can we infer about the new method of recycling composite materials? A．It is expected to use more energy. B．It proves to be more challenging. C．It opens a new page in technology. D．It needs to be better improved. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了复合材料在现代体育器材中的广泛应用及其带来的环境问题，以及研究人员为解决这些问题所做的努力。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“If you compare a modern tennis racket and an old wooden one, you will find the difference. Badminton rackets, too, have left solid wood behind. Running footwear relies on carbon composites (合成物) to get more comfort, speed up and reduce foot injury. Cycling has greatly benefited from carbon composites. Modern racing bikes are often made entirely of carbon fiber. Wherever you look, you see these plastic composites. The wheelchairs in the Paralympics, the boats in sailing, the skateboards in skating, the surfboards in surfing and even the climbing walls in rock climbing, are all made of composites.(如果你比较一下现代的网球拍和旧的木制网球拍，你会发现它们的区别。羽毛球拍也抛弃了实木。跑步鞋依靠碳复合材料来获得更多的舒适感，提高速度，减少脚部受伤。自行车运动也从碳复合材料中受益匪浅。现代赛车自行车通常完全由碳纤维制成。无论你往哪里看，都能看到这些塑料复合材料。残奥会的轮椅、帆船运动的船只、滑板运动的滑板、冲浪运动的冲浪板，甚至是攀岩运动的攀岩墙，都是由复合材料制成的。)”可知，作者在第二段中列举了网球拍、羽毛球拍、跑步鞋、自行车、轮椅、帆船、滑板、冲浪板和攀岩墙等例子，来说明复合材料在现代体育器材中的广泛应用，所以作者通过列举一些例子来展开第二段。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“These materials have changed many sports. But composites are made of several materials, meaning that they have led to many other problems. In the United Kingdom, for example, about 90% of all composite waste goes to landfill. Only 2% is reused for carbon fiber. Producing new composites consumes a lot of energy. Globally, about 7,000 tons of composite sporting equipment reaches its end of life. However, demand for recycling is increasing.(这些材料改变了许多运动。但复合材料是由多种材料制成的，这意味着它们导致了许多其他问题。例如，在英国，大约90%的复合废料被填埋。只有2%的复合废料被重新用于碳纤维。生产新的复合材料消耗大量能源。在全球范围内，大约7000吨的复合运动器材达到了使用寿命的终点。然而，对回收的需求正在增加。)”可知，第三段中的数字表明，复合废料引发了新的问题，如废料处理和资源浪费等。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段“These carbon fibers can also be used in 3D printing of other bike components, offering a high strength rate and increased durability, thus making their life longer.(这些碳纤维还可以用于其他自行车部件的3D打印，提供高强度和增加的_____，从而使它们的使用寿命更长。)”可知，使用碳纤维可以增加自行车部件的强度和某种特性，从而使它们的使用寿命更长，这种特性应该是与持久性或耐用性相关的。由此可知，durability意为“持久的能力”。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“While their new method uses less energy than existing heat recycling processes and produces relatively eco-friendly waste, they believe they can perfect this process. They also hope this method will help recycling businesses process more composite products from sports.(虽然他们的新方法比现有的热回收过程消耗的能量更少，并且产生的废物相对环保，但他们相信他们可以完善这个过程。他们还希望这种方法能帮助回收企业处理更多的体育复合材料产品。)”可知，最后一段提到，虽然新方法比现有的热回收过程消耗的能量更少，并且产生的废物相对环保，但研究人员仍然相信他们可以完善这个过程，这表明新方法还需要进一步改进。故选D。 话题5科学与技术 Passage 1 Being bored is no fun, especially at work. However, a recent study from the Research School of Management at the Australian National University suggests that boredom may have an unexpected benefit. In a study, 52 participants were given a boring task of separating red from green beans for 30 minutes, while another group of 49 participants was asked to create art projects with paper, beans, and glue. Then both groups were instructed to spend five minutes on a creative task. Surprisingly, the group that had performed the boring task produced a higher quantity and quality of creative ideas than the group that had taken part in the art project. “Boredom is not necessarily terrible based on my research,” says the study’s lead author, Guihyun Park. “People want to get out of a boring state, so they tend to find novelty, which can lead to unique thinking and bring out creativity.” Moreover, it’s also worth noting that studies have found that not everyone experiences the same level of creative benefits from boredom. Researchers have discovered in one experiment that participants who are open to new experiences and driven to achieve specific goals are more likely to see positive effects from being bored. Finally, Park admits that not every type of job allows a state of boredom, and it really can be detrimental to some important work. “I would say at safety jobs where you need to stay alert (警惕的) all the time, like police or safety guards, boredom will keep your mind wandering, which is really bad,” says Park. “Also, those jobs require less creativity but much attention to details instead; boredom won’t help much there.” But for designers and anyone in a creative field, boredom is not something to fear, but to embrace. J.K. Rowling, the author of the Harry Potter series, has shared how she would spend hours sitting on trains, letting her mind wander and coming up with new ideas for her stories. This boredom allowed her to tap into her creativity and imagination, leading to one of the most beloved book series ever. 1．What did the recent study find about boredom? A．It improves work efficiency. B．It raises people’s patience. C．It inspires creative ideas. D．It leads to negative feelings. 2．Which kind of people are more likely to benefit from boredom? A．People who are afraid of change. B．People who are willing to try new things. C．People who tend to focus on details. D．People who enjoy competing with others. 3．What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Attractive. B．Necessary. C．Harmful. D．Challenging. 4．Why does the author mention J.K. Rowling in the last paragraph? A．To prove the importance of creativity and imagination. B．To encourage people to stay bored in their daily life. C．To show the power of embracing boredom. D．To explain the creation process of the Harry Potter series. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究表明无聊可能激发创造力并介绍了相关研究及观点。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Surprisingly, the group that had performed the boring task produced a higher quantity and quality of creative ideas than the group that had taken part in the art project.(令人惊讶的是，执行无聊任务的小组比参与艺术项目的小组产生了更多数量和更高质量的创意。)”可知，最近的研究发现无聊能激发创意想法。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Researchers have discovered in one experiment that participants who are open to new experiences and driven to achieve specific goals are more likely to see positive effects from being bored.(研究人员在一项实验中发现，乐于接受新体验并致力于实现特定目标的参与者更有可能从无聊中看到积极影响。)”可知，愿意尝试新事物的人更有可能从无聊中受益。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“I would say at safety jobs where you need to stay alert (警惕的) all the time, like police or safety guards, boredom will keep your mind wandering, which is really bad(我想说的是，在需要时刻保持警惕的安全工作中，比如警察或保安，无聊会让你的思想走神，这真的很糟糕)”可知，在需要保持警惕的工作中，无聊会使思想走神，这是非常糟糕的，因此不是所有类型的工作都允许无聊的状态，它真的会对一些重要的工作有害。由此可知，detrimental意思是“有害的”。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But for designers and anyone in a creative field, boredom is not something to fear, but to embrace. J.K. Rowling, the author of the Harry Potter series, has shared how she would spend hours sitting on trains, letting her mind wander and coming up with new ideas for her stories. This boredom allowed her to tap into her creativity and imagination, leading to one of the most beloved book series ever.(但对于设计师和任何从事创意领域的人来说，无聊并不是什么可怕的事情，而是应该接受。哈利波特系列小说的作者J.K.罗琳分享了她如何花几个小时坐在火车上，让自己的思绪飘荡，为自己的故事想出新点子。这种无聊让她能够发挥自己的创造力和想象力，创作出了有史以来最受欢迎的系列小说之一。)”可知，作者在最后一段提到J.K.罗琳是为了展示接受无聊的力量。故选C。 Passage 2 Whether humanity expresses itself in paintings, books, movies, songs or any other creative media, art always finds its way back to the person who made it and their life stories. It is hard to define what “good” art is, but to me, it means anything that somebody created with the intention of representing something that matters to them. The one thing that I will never call “art”, however, is anything that was made with artificial intelligence. Take painting for example. Most of the well-known painters of the past 200 years drew on the lives they lived to make their art. Claude Monet, for example, was inspired by the water garden that he would see daily at his estate (房产) in Normandy, France. This series included some of his most famous works made in the impressionism style, which focuses on creating the illusion (幻觉) of movement to represent humanity. The point is that painters drew on the places they lived in and their views of life to create art. They used their understanding of style, color and movement to create lovely images and represent what mattered to them. That is something that AI is unable to do. The AI program can only generate an image based on a collection of images from the websites. It cannot draw on its own experience at all. Another common use of AI programs is to have them generate the written word. For me, there is no heart or soul in what the AI produces. The product requires no thought or effort, both of which are key parts of meaningful written work. Author Nora Roberts, who has had 68 of her romance novels appear on The New York Times bestseller list, once said that you have to love the written word to be capable of good writing. AI cannot feel emotions and love what it writes. Therefore, how could it ever create good writing? The beautiful thing about life is that we all go through it differently, and art has the ability to bring us together with our unique experiences. Neither can AI replicate (复制) that, nor should we make it try. 1．What is considered essential for creating meaningful art? A．Artistic skills. B．Unique styles of art. C．Personal experiences. D．Advanced technologies. 2．Why does the author mention Monet’s artworks? A．To highlight Monet’s talent for art. B．To give an example of genuine art. C．To trace the beginnings of impressionism. D．To describe famous painting techniques. 3．What is lacking in AI-produced writing? A．Accuracy and detail. B．Depth and persuasion. C．Structure and balance. D．Emotion and passion. 4．What does the author wish to achieve in the text? A．To criticize writers’ dependence on AI. B．To show AI’s value in creative work. C．To discourage the use of AI in art. D．To reveal AI’s importance to artists. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述真正的艺术源于创作者的个人经历，同时反对将人工智能生成的内容归为艺术。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“but to me, it means anything that somebody created with the intention of representing something that matters to them (但对我来说，好的艺术是创作者为了表达对自己重要的事物而创作的作品)”以及第三段中的“Most of the well-known painters of the past 200 years drew on the lives they lived to make their art (过去200年里，大多数著名画家都是从自己的生活中汲取灵感进行创作)”可知，创作有意义的艺术的关键要素是个人经历。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段的内容，作者先提出过去的著名画家从自身生活中汲取灵感创作艺术，随后以莫奈为例，说明莫奈的作品灵感来源于他在法国诺曼底庄园里每日所见的水景园。结合第四段首句“The point is that painters drew on the places they lived in and their views of life to create art (关键在于，画家们从自己生活的环境和对生活的见解中汲取灵感进行创作)”可知，作者提及莫奈的作品是为了举例说明什么是真正的艺术。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“For me, there is no heart or soul in what the AI produces (在我看来，人工智能生成的文字缺乏灵魂与内核)”以及“AI cannot feel emotions and love what it writes (人工智能无法感受情感，也不会热爱自己写下的内容)”可知，人工智能生成的文字缺少的是情感与热忱。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，作者开篇点明真正的艺术与创作者的个人经历相关，接着明确表示不会将人工智能生成的内容称为“艺术”，随后从绘画和文字创作两个方面对比人类创作与人工智能生成内容的本质区别，最后强调人工智能无法复制人类独特的生命体验，不应让其尝试创作艺术。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是反对在艺术创作中使用人工智能。故选C项。 Passage 3 As new technologies, including AI, are becoming popular, they promise to change learning for the better. Already, there are AI-based tutoring (辅导) tools that can help learners. One 2024 study, led by the University of Oxford, found that school students in Ghana who used an AI-powered maths tutor through WhatsApp for half an hour, twice a week, over eight months had “higher” maths progress scores than those in a control group. “Until now, professional, personalised tutoring has been too expensive for people,” points out Joseph South, chief innovation officer at the International Society for Technology in Education. “AI-powered tutors can offer this experience for online learners at a low price.” However, there are still possible problems to solve. AI can present untrue things as fact, which could mean students might “learn” incorrect information. Similarly, AI can develop biases (偏见) based on the data (数据) used to train it, and possibly pass them on to learners. In addition, experts warn that any educational institution (机构) needs to have strict rules on what student personal information can be put into AI tools, to reduce privacy risks. But, to some, the biggest risk is to the learning process. “As students increasingly depend on AI tools, they may use them as quick answers, which will hurt their ability to learn basic learning skills,” says Emily Deleu, assistant teaching professor of business management communication at Carnegie Mellon University. “Is that good for them in the long term?” she asks. “This is still an open question.” To protect students, she suggests “we need government rules to give advice to schools.” And she adds, “The biggest risk of all with AI is doing nothing. The world has changed and is changing. We should change how we teach and what we teach to welcome AI.” 1．What does the 2024 study show about AI-powered tutoring tools? A．They can help develop students’ interest in maths. B．They can increase competition among students. C．They can help students improve their grades. D．They can shorten students’ study time. 2．What does Joseph South think of AI-powered tutoring tools? A．They will reduce the need for teachers in online learning. B．They can make personalised tutoring affordable for most people. C．They will pass some biases on to learners. D．They may present fiction as fact. 3．What do experts want educational institutions to do? A．Bring in more professional teachers. B．Develop more AI-powered tutoring tools. C．Help students develop their own opinions. D．Try to protect students’ private information. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Will AI Change Education for the Better? B．Can AI Help Students Learn Important Skills? C．Are AI Tools Expensive for Learners? D．What Can AI Tools Help Teachers Do? 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章指出人工智能辅导工具能提高学生成绩并降低个性化辅导成本，但也需解决虚假信息、偏见、隐私及学习能力退化等问题，未来需政策引导以适应人工智能时代。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“One 2024 study, led by the University of Oxford, found that school students in Ghana who used an AI-powered maths tutor through WhatsApp for half an hour, twice a week, over eight months had “higher” maths progress scores than those in a control group. (牛津大学在2024年领导的一项研究发现，在八个月的时间里，通过WhatsApp使用人工智能数学导师的加纳学生，每周两次，每次半小时，其数学进步分数比对照组的学生“更高”。)”可知，2024年的研究显示了人工智能辅导工具可以帮助学生提高成绩。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中Joseph South所说的话“Until now, professional, personalised tutoring has been too expensive for people (到目前为止，专业的、个性化的辅导对人们来说过于昂贵)”和“AI-powered tutors can offer this experience for online learners at a low price. (人工智能导师可以以较低的价格为在线学习者提供这种体验。)”可知，Joseph South认为人工智能辅导工具可以让大多数人负担得起个性化辅导。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In addition, experts warn that any educational institution (机构) needs to have strict rules on what student personal information can be put into AI tools, to reduce privacy risks. (此外，专家警告说，任何教育机构都需要严格规定哪些学生的个人信息可以输入人工智能工具，以降低隐私风险。)”可知，专家希望教育机构尽力保护学生的个人信息。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“As new technologies, including AI, are becoming popular, they promise to change learning for the better. (随着包括人工智能在内的新技术越来越流行，它们有望使学习变得更好。)”可知，文章探讨了人工智能在教育中的潜力，如提升成绩、降低辅导成本，但也指出虚假信息、偏见、隐私风险及学习能力退化的问题。因此，A项“人工智能会让教育变得更好吗？”涵盖双向的讨论，最适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 话题6环境 Passage 1 The Sahara Desert is one of the driest places on Earth, receiving only about 3 inches of rainfall each year. This is just one-tenth of what cities like Chicago experience. However, scientists from the University of Illinois Chicago predict (预测) that the Sahara could become significantly wetter in the latter half of the 21st century. Their findings suggest that the Sahara could receive up to 75% more rainfall compared with its historical average. The researchers also project that southeastern and south-central Africa might receive more rain, especially under extreme climate (气候) conditions. “Changing rainfall patterns (模式) will affect billions of people, both in and outside Africa,” said lead author Thierry Ndetatsin Taguela, a climate expert. “We have to start planning to face these changes, from flood management to drought-resistant crops.” Taguela pointed out that understanding how rising temperatures impact rainfall is important for developing strategies to deal with these changes. In the study, he used 40 climate models to predict summer rainfall across Africa in the second half of the 21st century (2050 — 2099) compared with the historical period (1965 — 2014). The models showed that rainfall over Africa will generally increase by the end of the 21st century. Notably, the Sahara Desert is expected to receive 75% more rainfall, southeastern Africa will see a 25% increase, and south-central Africa will experience a 17% rise in rainfall. “It is surprising for the Sahara to nearly double its historical rainfall,” Taguela said. “But while most models agree on the overall trend of wetter conditions, there’s still uncertainty about how much the rainfall will actually increase. Upgrading these models is key to making reliable predictions.” For the most part, these projected changes are related to the effects of climate change, as higher temperatures help the atmosphere hold more moisture, which in turn leads to rainfall. At the same time, changes in wind patterns also play a part in affecting rainfall. 1．What did the research show about the Sahara Desert? A．It would remain the driest place. B．It would turn into a liveable land. C．It would experience less rainfall. D．It would become wetter than ever. 2．What did Taguela want to stress in paragraph 3? A．Climate change is an avoidable issue. B．Extreme climate conditions are a repeat. C．We have to prepare for changes in rainfall. D．Rainfall patterns are usually unbelievable. 3．What can we know about the climate models in the study? A．They are correct and true. B．They need improving. C．They erase public doubts. D．They make little sense. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The forces behind rainfall. B．The changes in climate patterns. C．The predicted rise in rainfall. D．The impact of clouds on rainfall. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究表明受气候变化影响，本世纪后半叶非洲特别是撒哈拉沙漠的降雨量将显著增多，人类须及早应对。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“However, scientists from the University of Illinois Chicago predict (预测) that the Sahara could become significantly wetter in the latter half of the 21st century.(然而，来自伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校的科学家们预测，在21世纪的后半段，撒哈拉沙漠的气候将会变得更加湿润)”及第二段“Their findings suggest that the Sahara could receive up to 75% more rainfall compared with its historical average.(他们的研究结果表明，撒哈拉地区的降雨量可能会比其历史平均水平增加多达75%)”可知，研究表明撒哈拉沙漠的降雨量将比以往增多。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段““Changing rainfall patterns (模式) will affect billions of people, both in and outside Africa,” said lead author Thierry Ndetatsin Taguela, a climate expert. “We have to start planning to face these changes, from flood management to drought-resistant crops.”(该研究的首席作者、气候专家蒂埃里·恩德塔辛·塔古莱表示：“降雨模式的变化将影响非洲及以外地区的数十亿人口。我们必须着手制定应对这些变化的计划，包括洪水管理以及研发抗旱作物等措施。”)”可推断，Taguela意在强调我们需要做好应对降雨变化的准备。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But while most models agree on the overall trend of wetter conditions, there’s still uncertainty about how much the rainfall will actually increase. Upgrading these models is key to making reliable predictions.(不过，尽管大多数模型都认同气候将变得更加潮湿这一总体趋势，但对于降雨量究竟会增加多少，仍存在不确定性。改进这些模型是做出可靠预测的关键所在)”可知，这些研究模型还需要改进。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“For the most part, these projected changes are related to the effects of climate change, as higher temperatures help the atmosphere hold more moisture, which in turn leads to rainfall. At the same time, changes in wind patterns also play a part in affecting rainfall.(总的来说，这些预计的变化与气候变化的影响有关，因为气温升高会使大气能够容纳更多的水分，进而导致降雨。同时，风向的变化也对降雨量产生影响)”可知，本段主要介绍了影响降雨的因素。故选A。 Passage 2 In the face of increasing energy bills and the unstable situation of global temperatures, Deep Green, a small data center startup, and Exmouth Leisure Centre have come up with an approach to assist one another. Since the start of the pandemic, energy costs for a leisure swimming pool have reportedly tripled, leaving many centers with no choice but to close, according to Swim England. They claim that by March 2024, 40 percent of council areas could risk losing their swimming pools if nothing changes. Similarly, data centers have had to raise their fees in order to cover the extra cost of cooling their equipment, making it impossible to offer a competitive rate. While most normal data centers waste the heat that the computers generate, Deep Green has found a solution to benefit everybody. They have built a small data center in Exmouth Leisure Centre, allowing the heat from the servers to heat the swimming pool. The solution is cost-free, and Exmouth Leisure Centre is projected to save about £20,000 per year. Given that data centers run 24 hours a day and are designed with backup power systems, they generate a consistent and reliable amount of heat." “As the world moves, we need ten times the number of computers and we cannot build ten times the amount of data centers,” said Bjornsgaard, manager of Deep Green. “So there is a need to decentralize (分散) them and take little bits of them to where the heat is required. Our ‘digital boilers’ put waste heat to good use, saving local businesses thousands of pounds on energy bills and reducing their carbon footprint.” Deep Green isn’t the only company to come up with a neat solution to using waste-heat. In Paris, the Condorcet data center is heating an onsite Climate Change Arboretum that studies which plants are most adaptable to global warming. Similarly, the Notre Dame Centre for Research Computing heats a local municipal greenhouse. So as Bjornsgaard says, this is just the start. 1．What problem is Exmouth Leisure Centre facing? A．The increasing energy bill. B．The risk of losing its customers. C．Finding ways to cool its equipment. D．Its decreasing swimming pools. 2．Why does Deep Green cooperate with Exmouth Leisure Centre? A．Because they belong to the same company. B．Because their business models are similar. C．Because they can provide benefits for each other. D．Because they both want to protect the environment. 3．What factor leads to plenty of heat in data centers? A．The alarming speed of global warming. B．The non-stop running pattern. C．The building of backup power systems. D．The poor arrangement of devices. 4．Which of the following can best describe the solution? A．Modern but strange. B．Complicated but amazing. C．Demanding and expensive. D．Creative and environment-friendly. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍Deep Green数据中心与埃克斯茅斯休闲中心合作利用废热的互利方案及类似案例。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Since the start of the pandemic, energy costs for a leisure swimming pool have reportedly tripled, leaving many centers with no choice but to close, according to Swim England.(据英国游泳协会称，自疫情开始以来，休闲游泳池的能源成本已上涨两倍，许多中心别无选择，只能关闭。)”可知，埃克斯茅斯休闲中心面临着能源账单不断增加的问题。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Deep Green, a small data center startup, and Exmouth Leisure Centre have come up with an approach to assist one another.(小型数据中心初创公司Deep Green和埃克斯茅斯休闲中心想出了一种互相帮助的方法。)”以及第四段中的“They have built a small data center in Exmouth Leisure Centre, allowing the heat from the servers to heat the swimming pool.(他们在埃克斯茅斯休闲中心建造了一个小型数据中心，利用服务器产生的热量为游泳池供暖。)”可知，两者合作是因为能互相提供好处。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Given that data centers run 24 hours a day and are designed with backup power systems, they generate a consistent and reliable amount of heat.(由于数据中心全天24小时运行，并且设计有备用电源系统，它们产生的热量稳定且可靠。)”可知，数据中心24小时不间断运行的模式使其产生大量热量。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“While most normal data centers waste the heat that the computers generate, Deep Green has found a solution to benefit everybody.(虽然大多数普通数据中心会浪费计算机产生的热量，但Deep Green找到了一个对每个人都有利的解决方案。)”以及第六段中的“Our ‘digital boilers’ put waste heat to good use, saving local businesses thousands of pounds on energy bills and reducing their carbon footprint.(我们的‘数字锅炉’充分利用废热，为当地企业节省数千英镑的能源账单，并减少他们的碳足迹。)”可知，这种解决方案既富有创意，又有利于环境。故选D项。 Passage 3 As ice sheets melted, they often left behind landscapes that typically take many years to become habitable for plants and wildlife. However, recent research has discovered that in just three years, these poor areas can be brought back to life by South American camelids (美洲鸵). By the foot of Peru’s Uruashraju glacier (冰川), researchers partnered with local farmers to herd (放牧) camelids on four areas. For three days a month from 2019 to 2022, the camelids grazed (吃草) the areas. By the end of that time, the otherwise dry and easily destroyed soil had become more stable, richer in nutrients (营养) and supported 57 percent more plant cover than before. This traditional South American way of camelids herding could potentially protect crops, animals and local communities from the impacts of climate change. As is the case worldwide, glaciers are disappearing in Peru’s Cordillera Blanca mountains at an astonishing rate. And as the ice melts, nearby ecosystems lose access to summertime supplies of freshwater and sometimes face harmful acidic (酸性的) minerals in rocks once covered by the glaciers. Camelids may help ease some of these effects. Their transformation of the land could reduce rock weathering, thus limiting the acidic runoff that can damage farmers’ crops. The idea that grass-eating animals grazing may positively impact a landscape is not new. Nor is rewilding — the push to reintroduce key species to their native ecosystems — unique to the Cordillera Blanca mountains. In Finland, for example, local Sami are working to reintroduce reindeer in areas where trees have been cut down. And a group in Spain hopes one day to lift the wild cattle known as the auroch out of extinction, putting it to use in grazing. But the size and speed of the changes the camelids helped bring about surprised the researchers. “Putting nutrients over the soil can produce similar effects on plant growth,” says ecologist Kelsey Reider of James Madison University, but “the animals themselves are doing a lot”. For one, animal waste is special. For another, the camelids weed out dominant plants, making space for new species. 1．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Results of camelids herding. B．Impacts of climate change. C．Reasons for the research. D．Partnership with local farmers. 2．What might be a consequence of glaciers melting? A．Increased acidic runoff. B．Reduced rock weathering. C．Decline in summer rainfall D．Shortage of mineral resources. 3．Why are the underlined “reindeer” and “auroch?” mentioned in paragraph 4? A．To clarify a potential problem. B．To explain a natural phenomenon. C．To compare different rewilding projects. D．To support a conservation effort. 4．What is Kelsey Reider’s attitude towards camelids herding? A．Disapproving. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了南美驼类如何快速恢复冰川退缩后的土地，帮助当地社区应对气候变化。 1．主旨大意题。根据第二段“By the foot of Peru’s Uruashraju glacier (冰川), researchers partnered with local farmers to herd (放牧) camelids on four areas. For three days a month from 2019 to 2022, the camelids grazed (吃草) the areas. By the end of that time, the otherwise dry and easily destroyed soil had become more stable, richer in nutrients (营养) and supported 57 percent more plant cover than before. This traditional South American way of camelids herding could potentially protect crops, animals and local communities from the impacts of climate change.(在秘鲁乌鲁阿什拉尤冰川脚下，研究人员与当地农民合作，在四个区域放牧骆驼类动物。从2019年到2022年的每个月里，有三天的时间骆驼类动物会在这些区域觅食。在那段时间结束时，原本干燥且容易被破坏的土壤变得更加稳定，养分也更加丰富，植被覆盖度比之前增加了57%。这种传统的南美骆驼类放牧方式有可能保护农作物、牲畜和当地社区免受气候变化的影响)”可知，本段主要描述了美洲鸵放牧后土地的变化结果。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“And as the ice melts, nearby ecosystems lose access to summertime supplies of freshwater and sometimes face harmful acidic (酸性的) minerals in rocks once covered by the glaciers. Camelids may help ease some of these effects. Their transformation of the land could reduce rock weathering, thus limiting the acidic runoff that can damage farmers’ crops.(随着冰川融化，附近的生态系统失去了夏季获取淡水的途径，有时还会面临曾经被冰川覆盖的岩石中出现的有害酸性矿物质的困扰。骆驼类动物或许能够缓解一些这些影响。它们对土地的改造可以减少岩石的风化过程，从而限制可能导致农民庄稼受损的酸性径流)”可知，冰川融化可能导致酸性径流增加。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“The idea that grass-eating animals grazing may positively impact a landscape is not new. Nor is rewilding — the push to reintroduce key species to their native ecosystems — unique to the Cordillera Blanca mountains. In Finland, for example, local Sami are working to reintroduce reindeer in areas where trees have been cut down. And a group in Spain hopes one day to lift the wild cattle known as the auroch out of extinction, putting it to use in grazing.(草食动物放牧能够对自然景观产生积极影响这一观点并非新鲜事。重新引入关键物种以恢复其在原生生态系统中的地位这一做法也并非仅限于科尔迪拉·布兰卡山脉。例如，在芬兰，当地的萨米人正努力在树木被砍伐的地区重新引入驯鹿。而在西班牙，有一个团体希望有一天能让被称为“欧洲野牛”的野生牛种摆脱灭绝的命运，并将其用于放牧)”可知，这两个例子被用来证明重新引入关键物种到它们原生的生态系统的做法不仅限于科迪勒拉布兰卡山脉，在全球其他地区也在实施，具有全球普遍性，因此，提到二者是为了支持一项保护工作。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Putting nutrients over the soil can produce similar effects on plant growth,” says ecologist Kelsey Reider of James Madison University, but “the animals themselves are doing a lot”. For one, animal waste is special. For another, the camelids weed out dominant plants, making space for new species.(詹姆斯·麦迪逊大学的生态学家凯尔西·里德表示：“在土壤上施加养分也能对植物生长产生类似的效果。”但“动物自身也发挥了重要作用”。首先，动物粪便具有特殊意义。其次，骆驼科动物能够淘汰优势植物，为新物种腾出空间)”可知，Kelsey Reider认为动物本身对土地的改善作用很大，因此她对美洲鸵放牧持积极态度。故选D。 Passage 4 Air pollution remains a global health crisis, responsible for 4.7 million early deaths worldwide in 2021 — about the same as road-traffic accidents, malaria and suicides combined. While road traffic significantly contributes to this problem, the shift to electric vehicles (EVs) presents both promise and challenges that deserve careful examination. Unlike traditional cars, EVs produce no direct exhaust emissions (尾气排放), making them crucial for urban air quality improvement. However, they still produce considerable non-exhaust pollutants from brake, tire and road wear (磨损). These micro particles (颗粒), particularly those smaller than 2.5 microns, pose serious health risks by getting into the lungs and other organs via the bloodstream, potentially causing heart or lung disease, stroke, and cancer. One 2021 study by researchers at the University of Southampton found some brake-pad dust seems more damaging to lung cells, partly due to higher levels of copper, which can damage cells and DNA．Scientists estimate that EVs produce more of these non-exhaust particles than other cars because their batteries make them heavier, the weight averaging 2,133 kg, compared to 1,500-1,800 kg for traditional vehicles, causing them to generate more friction (摩擦). Despite this, EVs are still mostly less polluting than other cars. They maintain an environmental advantage partly through regenerative braking systems where when the driver removes their foot from the pedal, the continued forward motion of the car is harvested to recharge the battery, thereby slowing the car down. Comparative studies show EVs emit about 14 mg/ km of fine particles versus 18 mg/ km for petrol when accounting for all sources. To maximize EV benefits, several strategies are significant. One way is to regulate non-exhaust emissions in a similar way to exhaust. Encouraging people to consider smaller cars, though difficult, would be another, as bigger sizes often mean larger and heavier batteries and the extra range provided by largest batteries may never be needed. Plus, the electricity powering EVs must come from renewable sources to avoid simply relocating pollution to power plants. 1．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To promote the use of EVs. B．To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of EVs. C．To argue about car pollution. D．To compare two types of vehicle pollution. 2．How do regenerative braking systems in EVs reduce pollution? A．Stop using brakes completely B．Turn motion into battery power C．Prevent harmful particles D．Make the car lighter. 3．Which best explains “relocating” in Paragraph 4? A．reducing. B．shifting. C．hiding. D．measuring. 4．What can be inferred about oversized EVs? A．They may cause unnecessary pollution. B．They help regulate emissions. C．They are powered with renewable sources. D．They show technological progress. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕电动汽车与空气污染这一主题展开。阐述了电动汽车改善城市空气质量的潜力，也分析了面临的挑战。通过研究说明电动汽车非尾气颗粒物危害更大的原因，又通过对比研究肯定了电动汽车整体污染仍较低且具备环保优势。 1．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，全文围绕电动汽车展开，既阐述了其优势（无直接尾气排放、总体污染少于传统汽车、再生制动系统减少污染等），也分析了其存在的问题（产生非尾气污染物、因重量大导致颗粒排放更多等），最后还提出了最大化电动汽车益处的策略。由此可知，文章主要讨论了电动汽车的优缺点。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“They maintain an environmental advantage partly through regenerative braking systems where when the driver removes their foot from the pedal, the continued forward motion of the car is harvested to recharge the battery, thereby slowing the car down.(它们的环境优势部分源于再生制动系统：当司机松开踏板时，汽车持续的前进动力会被回收以给电池充电，从而使汽车减速。)”可知，电动汽车的再生制动系统在司机松开踏板时，会将汽车持续的前进动力回收以给电池充电，从而实现减速。这一过程减少了传统刹车的使用频率，进而减少了刹车磨损产生的污染物，其核心是将运动转化为电池电力。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在语境“Plus, the electricity powering EVs must come from renewable sources to avoid simply relocating pollution to power plants.(此外，为电动汽车供电的电力必须来自可再生能源，以避免污染只是简单地……到发电厂。)”可知，若电动汽车的电力来自非可再生能源，污染就会从汽车转移到发电厂。划线单词意为“转移”，选项B“shifting”意为“转移”，与此相符。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Encouraging people to consider smaller cars, though difficult, would be another, as bigger sizes often mean larger and heavier batteries and the extra range provided by largest batteries may never be needed.(鼓励人们考虑购买小型汽车——尽管这并非易事，因为车身越大，通常意味着电池越大、越重，而最大容量电池所提供的额外续航里程可能根本用不上。)”可知，大型电动汽车通常配备更大更重的电池，而其提供的额外续航可能根本用不上。结合前文提到电动汽车因重量大产生更多非尾气污染物，可推断大型电动汽车可能因不必要的重量和电池规模导致多余的污染。故选A。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $