精品解析：北京市学业水平测试2025-2026学年12月高一年级英语（笔试）试题

北京市学业水平测试 Beijing Academic Proficiency Test 高一年级英语(笔试)试题册 测试时间：2025年12月 Test time: December 2025 ☆敬告考生☆ 欢迎参加北京市二〇二五学年度学业水平测试。请仔细阅读以下考试须知，并严格遵守。 一、答题前，请先检查试卷有无缺页、漏印或字迹不清等问题。如有异常，请立即向监考员报告。 二、请在试卷封面相应位置准确填写姓名与准考证号。 三、所有答案须填写在答题卡指定区域，试卷上作答无效。选择题须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题须使用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 四、考试过程中，严禁旁窥、抄袭、交换试卷等舞弊行为;考试结束后，不得将试卷、答题卡或草稿纸带出考场。 北京市教育考试院 请开始答题，祝你考试顺利 (试卷共12页，100分。考试时长90分钟) 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 请用方框中的单词完成句子。注意有一个多余选项。 stream ordinary discount custom identify opportunity 1 It’s my ________ to go for a walk before breakfast. 2. They’re offering a 10% ________ on all sofas this month. 3. Many students like to ________ music and videos when doing homework. 4. If you look at a world map, you can ________ the major wine-producing regions. 5. A virtual choir helps connect ________ people together. 第二节(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 For most of her life, Anna Mary Roberts worked very hard making a living on a farm. She began to paint ___6___ her seventies. She displayed her artworks in her town when she was eighty. The paintings ___7___ (notice) by an art collector, who recognized Anna’s remarkable talent. He bought all the paintings on display. Later, three of her paintings were exhibited in one of the most well-known art ___8___ (museum) in New York City. Soon, people around the world heard of Anna and her delightful artworks. People loved looking at the old-fashioned scenes that Anna had created. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The people living in Wenchuan county will never forget the day 12 May, 2008. Now, more than 10 years on, the people in Wenchuan are living a new life. Many live in new towns ___9___ people can live safely. The people will never forget those who ___10___ (rescue) them and helped them rebuild their home. Out of gratitude, many young adults have chosen to study medicine or join the army in a wish ___11___ (help) more people. Wenchuan has become a symbol of the Chinese spirit of never giving up. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Students are busy. Between classes, homework and family, there can be a lot to balance. So why do we suggest that you join a student organization? In fact, doing this will have a great effect on the students ___12___ goals are to become better in school and future life. First of all, you will feel ___13___ (cheer) to have so many opportunities to learn more about yourselves and your strengths. You can also find out ___14___ you’re good at, whether that’s listening, staying organized, or serving others. This awareness will be beneficial in ___15___ (you) future career. 第三节(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A man in California survived a five-hour night swim, thanks to the ____16____ of a friendly seal (海豹). Scott Thompson, a boater from Southern California, was out on his boat. After realizing the weather wasn’t favorable, he turned the boat back towards land. Soon after something ____17____ happened. The boat was rocked by the wavy water and Scott got ____18____ out of the boat. The engines continued to run, moving the boat farther and farther away from him, which made it ____19____ to swim back to it. He watched his boat ____20____ in the middle of the icy Santa Barbara Channel. Lost at sea, with no land in ____21____, Thompson was sure these were his ____22____ moments on earth. However, thoughts of his family helped him find the ____23____ to survive. “Just keep ____24____, and you will get home to your family,” Thompson kept telling himself. “Just imagining my girls and my son growing up without me, and my wife not having a husband to support her, I couldn’t ____25____. All of a sudden, he heard a big splash (拍水声). It was a medium-sized harbor seal that Thompson described as “an angel” that came to help him. “The seal would come up and ____26____ me, like a dog comes up and pushes your leg.” Thompson said. It was a sense of ____27____, Thompson recalled, knowing that he wasn’t alone on this heroic journey. Being pushed along by the seal, Thompson felt ____28____ to swim to the nearest oil platform, which was far but closer than land. With the ____29____ of the seal, he swam through the dark, freezing water for five hours, until he managed to reach an oil platform. People aboard the oil platform offered aid. They rushed him to a hospital where Thompson was treated and recovered a few days later. While the thought of his ____30____ motivated him to keep going, Thompson said that he would not have endured through the pain if it hadn’t been for the seal swimming alongside him. 16. A. recognition B. encouragement C. respect D. trust 17. A. unexpected B. common C. confusing D. funny 18. A. kicked B. locked C. rushed D. knocked 19. A. easy B. unnecessary C. impossible D. safe 20. A. disappear B. stop C. ground D. sink 21. A. space B. mind C. line D. sight 22. A. spare B. final C. exciting D. private 23. A. tool B. way C. will D. skill 24. A. swimming B. calling C. watching D. practicing 25. A. break in B. show up C. slow down D. give up 26. A. greet B. push C. lift D. take 27. A. duty B. hope C. anxiety D. wonder 28. A. determined B. satisfied C. honored D. amused 29. A. task B. cost C. company D. arrival 30. A. pets B. friends C. family D. boat 第二部分 阅读表达(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题，每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Trying to find the perfect present is about as easy as trying to read someone’s mind. Few people will actually tell you what they want for a special occasion and most of the time your loved ones will insist that they don’t need or want anything! So, what to do? Here are some tips that could help. Start Early Starting your shopping early can have many advantages. For instance, it gives you enough time to come up with ideas for what you should buy your friends or family members. Moreover, the closer it gets to holidays, the higher the prices go up. So, save your money by being an early bird. Make a List Here, you can write down everything your friends or family members love. This can include food, hobbies, experiences, and more. Then try to determine how to use this information to find a gift that perfectly suits them. If you are lucky, you should be able to find good ideas in one of these lists. Think outside the Box Often, the reason why you get stuck for gift ideas is that you only focus on the same kind of presents. If you are still coming up empty, it is time to get creative. You can find something your friends or family members can use every day. When in doubt, you can simply put smaller presents together to make up a larger, more meaningful gift. Gift an Experience In case you are still feeling a little stuck, go ahead and find something that the two of you can do together. It may be a class, or anything else where you can enjoy each other’s company. In short, you will be able to give them the gift of friendship. 31. Start your shopping early can help you _______. A. buy gifts in lower prices B. change ideas very often C. read your friend’s mind easily D. make a list of preferred gifts 32. To enjoy each other’s company, you can _______. A. talk to your family members B. find something that you can do together C. write down everything your friends love D. put smaller gifts together to make up a larger one 33. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To suggest ways on how to make friends. B. To give advice on reading minds. C. To share a travel story. D. To offer tips on buying presents. B Mitchell Wollen is a student at Xavier High School in Connecticut, US. When his school shut down due to the coronavirus pandemic (新冠疫情), he found that he had a big block of free time, and he decided to make a difference. “My friend and I were brainstorming,” said Wollen. “We thought we’d make these hearts for people on the frontline who are sacrificing (牺牲) everything for us.” Wollen made a model -- a wooden heart painted red with the words “Thank You” on the sign. People could put them on their front lawns to thank healthcare workers. To encourage such kindness, his mom Julie posted this on her Facebook page in early April. After that, Wollen didn’t have any more free time. In the first week, he had 100 orders for the hearts. Filling the orders was time-consuming. When distance learning started up, Wollen had schoolwork to do for six or seven hours a day. However, being busy with schoolwork didn’t stop him from making more signs. After his school wrote an article on Wollen and posted it on Facebook, more people ordered signs from him. People can donate (捐赠) $10 for his cause. It has so far helped Wollen raise more than $1,600. He plans to use the money to buy meals for healthcare workers. He has talked with people at several medical centers in his state, hoping to bring food to the workers. Among them, Gaylord Hospital has responded. After connecting with his mother’s friend, who owns a coffee truck, Wollen planned to pay the people who run the coffee truck to offer free coffee to the healthcare workers from Gaylord Hospital. “Everybody’s having a tough time right now,” he said. “I just want to spread positive energy and help those who are struggling in these times.” Currently, Wollen isn’t taking any more orders for signs since he still has about 100 orders to fill. However, he hopes to be able to make more in the future and that people like him can find ways to show support during this troublesome period. 34. Why did Mitchell Wollen make wooden hearts? A. To kill time in the free time. B. To make some pocket money. C. To show off his hands-on skills. D. To express thanks to selfless people. 35. What can we infer about Wollen from the article? A. He was highly praised by his school. B. He asked his mom to advertise for him. C. He wanted to get known on the Internet. D. He gave up making hearts when he was busy. 36. How does Wollen plan to use the money? A. He will use it to start a food business. B. He plans to support a coffee truck owner. C. He will buy coffee for healthcare workers. D. He plans to use it to complete more orders. 37. Which of the following best describes Wollen? A. Creative and thoughtful. B. Cheerful and humorous. C. Brave and kind-hearted. D. Outgoing and hardworking. C Chemists have spent the past century trying to make plastics that will break down in seawater. As it is, most plastics appear to take centuries to fully degrade in the ocean. But that may change. Scientists have just designed a new plastic that can break down in seawater within weeks, not decades or more. Back in the 1930s, scientists created a now-popular plastic out of corn and potato starch (淀粉). It’s known as polylactide, or PLA. It’s a polymer (聚合物), which is a molecule made by linking many building blocks — called monomers — into a long string. Scientists had hoped PLA would quickly break down in the environment. And in some places, like compost pits (堆肥坑), it does. But not in seawater. Even after three years in ocean water, PLA remains largely unchanged. Timo Rheinberger is a PhD student at the University of Twente in the Netherlands. His work on polymers has focused on boosting PLA’s breakdown. As part of that work, he became part of a team that just added some RNA-inspired breaking points to PLA. They put those breaking points in places where monomers in the PLA molecules are linked. They weakened the links that joined up to 15 percent of a PLA’s monomers. Then, they soaked their samples in artificial seawater and measured how fast these tweaked versions of PLA broke down. The expected final product of PLA’s breakdown was a small molecule called lactic acid. So, they tested for that too. As the team had hoped, seawater attacked the weakened links between monomers, splitting the polymer chain apart. The more breaking points the researchers added to the polymer, the faster the PLA broke down. When they weakened 15 percent of PLA’s monomer links, the polymer broke down entirely within just two weeks. When they weakened only 3 percent of the links, the breakdown took about 2 years. This suggests the team can design how quickly PLA will break down in water by adjusting how many weakened links it has. Mehlika Karamanlioglu teaches biomedical engineering at Istanbul Gelisim University. She, too, has studied environmental breakdown of PLA. “It’s a new approach,” she says of the Dutch technique. Theirs is also “an early-stage study,” Karamanlioglu says. So, more testing must follow. Scientists want to know how the strength of the new PLA compares to old PLA. Rheinberger agrees. “You need a lot of material to start those studies,” he adds. And so far, his team has made only small amounts of the modified PLA. Karamanlioglu notes the Dutch team also tested the breakdown of its PLA in artificial seawater. “I wonder if they checked [the water] for pollution,” she adds. If there were microbes (微生物), those microbes may have produced molecules called enzymes that sped up the PLA’s degradation. 38. What can we learn about PLA from the passage? A. Lactic acid prevents the breakdown of PLA. B. PLA breaks down faster in artificial seawater. C. PLA’s breakdown relies on that of monomers. D. Compost pits are the best places for PLA’s breakdown. 39. What is Mehlika’s attitude towards the findings of the Dutch team? A Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Optimistic. D. Cautious. 40. What can be learned from the last three paragraphs? A. Mehlika is confident about the application of the new PLA. B. The cleanness of water also affects the breakdown of PLA. C. The new PLA has better strength than the old PLA. D. The new PLA have been produced in large amounts. D In the 1970s, a gorilla (大猩猩) known as Koko became world-famous when scientists taught her to use human sign language to communicate with people. There were numerous attempts in the mid-1900s to teach human language to nonhumans, such as Koko. But what we should have been thinking about was their abilities to engage in complex communication on their own terms instead of trying to teach an animal to talk to us in human language. Today scientists are trying to figure out how living things already share information using their particular methods. This new field of study is known as digital bioacoustics, and it involves using tools to understand the production of sounds and their effects on living things. Scientists in this field are using sensors, which are devices that pick up and record information on physical or chemical conditions. Some are also using artificial intelligence (AI) technology, an approach that uses algorithms (算法). The same algorithms that we use in tools such as Google Translate to translate documents can also be used to find patterns in nonhuman communication. Jeremy of Tel Aviv University studied nearly two dozen Egyptian fruit bats for two and a half months and recorded their vocalizations. His team adapted a voice-recognition program to study 15,000 of the sounds. The algorithm matched specific sounds with specific things the bats were doing. Using this program, the researchers were able to classify most of the bats’ sounds. Jeremy and other researchers have found that bats have a much more complex language than we previously understood. Bats argue over food; they distinguish (区分) between genders when they communicate with one another and they have individual names, or “signature calls”. That’s a great example of how AI is able to find these patterns from information gathered by sensors and microphones. AI reveals things that we can’t hear with our human ears alone because most bat communication happens above our hearing range, and because bats speak much faster than we do, we have to slow it down to listen to it. So we cannot listen like a bat, but our computers can. And our computers can also speak back to the bat by producing specific patterns. Digital bioacoustics is like an amazing hearing aid. It lets us listen to animals with both our digitally enhanced (增强的) ears and our imagination. This is slowly opening our minds not only to the wonderful sounds that nonhumans make, but to a fundamental set of questions about the so-called divide between humans and nonhumans, as well as our connection to other species. It’s also opening up new ways to think about protecting living things and our relationship with the planet. It’s pretty meaningful. 41. Regarding scientists’ efforts to teach animals human language, the author feels ________. A. negative B. unconcerned C. uncertain D. supportive 42. Scientists in digital bioacoustics are trying to study ________. A. how animals use different tools to share information B. how animals are affected by the production of sounds C. how animals are taught to talk in human sign language D. how animals communicate with one another using sounds 43. What can we learn about AI applied in digital bioacoustics? A. It pairs certain animals’ sounds with their behaviors. B. It slows down animals’ sounds within humans’ hearing range. C. It adapts voice-recognition programs to analyze animals’ sounds. D. It translates specific nonhuman sound patterns into human language. 44. According to the passage, the author may agree that ________. A. animals can be classified according to their sound patterns B. scientists need to keep studying how animals produce sounds C. digital bioacoustics may inspire humans to rethink their relationship with animals D. the focus of digital bioacoustics should be the divide between humans and nonhumans 第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you use “123456”, “password’’ or “qwerty” as a password, you’re probably aware that you’re at the risk of being attacked by hackers (黑客). But you’re not alone. ____45____ Recently, password management service NordPass has carried out a study to determine the 200 most commonly used passwords around the world. They analysed the data across 50 countries. The findings show password choices are often attached to cultural references. ____46____ In the UK, “liverpool” was the third most popular password, with 224,160 hits, while the name of Chilean football club “colocolo” was used by 15,748 people in Chile, making it the fifth most common choice. ____47____ Women tend to use more positive and affectionate (深情的) words and phrases such as “sunshine” or “I loveyou”, while men often use sports-related passwords. In some countries, men use more swear words than women. Choosing long and complex passwords remains the main authentication mechanism (身份验证机制) for computers and network-based products and services. But we know people continue to choose weak passwords and often don’t manage them securely. ____48____ To overcome the security issues linked with password-based authentication systems, researchers and developers are now concentrating on creating authentication systems which don’t depend on passwords at all. ____49____ For example, two-factor authentication (2FA) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) methods are good ways to secure your accounts. These methods combine a password with biometric information (for example, a face scan or fingerprint) or something distinguishable, like a captcha (验证码). All in all, a secure password is the first line of defense against cyber attacks. Don’t give up security for convenience. A. They need the support of computer experts. B. The findings show that passwords tell our emotions. C. People in some countries take inspiration from a football team. D. The report also reflected different preferences between genders. E. These are among the most popular passwords around the world. F. Besides, there are other ways to protect your personal information. G. As a result, they put themselves under potential online security threats. 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第49—51题各2分，52题6分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。 In 1983, Howard Gardner, a professor at Harvard, published Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. In the book, he presented one type of intelligence that everyone must develop if they want to be successful. That is emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to recognize and control your own emotions. It means having a deep understanding of yourself, knowing your own strengths and weaknesses, and handling reactions and emotions wisely. Emotional intelligence is key to success in almost any field and it is especially important for high-stress environments, for example, when times are tough and when a person wants to quit or is fearful. We all know highly emotional people. Rather than react wisely they tend to let their emotions run their lives, often saying or doing something they may later regret. I’ve seen many people do this on social media, getting in arguments with loved ones over unimportant things because they have different opinions. This inability to master the self leads to many struggles and heartaches for people. Emotional intelligence does not mean being void (没有) of emotions. It means you know it is okay to be angry, just not out-of-control angry. You know it’s okay to feel hurt, but it is not okay to do something stupid in the name of revenge (报复). Many of us know people who are very intelligent, but allow their emotions to damage their lives. Now, think deeply on how you manage your emotions. Are you smart in the way you express what you’re feeling, especially when the pressure is on? 50. According to the passage, what is “emotional intelligence”? ________________________________________________ 51. In what occasion is Emotional Intelligence especially important? ________________________________________________ 52. How do highly emotional people deal with their emotions? ________________________________________________ 53. In your daily life, what can you do to better manage your emotions? Please give some examples. ________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 54. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Eric发来邮件，向你询问你和家人是如何欢度春节的。请参考以下提示给Eric回复邮件，并谈谈你对春节的感受。字数50 个左右。 邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好。 • go to grandparents' house • attach Fu to the front door • talk about the past year • make jiaozi • watch fireworks •... Dear Eric I am glad that you are interested in Chinese Spring Festival. I will share my experiences during Spring Festival with you. I hope you will come to China someday and experience Spring Festival in person. I am looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市学业水平测试 Beijing Academic Proficiency Test 高一年级英语(笔试)试题册 测试时间：2025年12月 Test time: December 2025 ☆敬告考生☆ 欢迎参加北京市二〇二五学年度学业水平测试。请仔细阅读以下考试须知，并严格遵守。 一、答题前，请先检查试卷有无缺页、漏印或字迹不清等问题。如有异常，请立即向监考员报告。 二、请在试卷封面相应位置准确填写姓名与准考证号。 三、所有答案须填写在答题卡指定区域，试卷上作答无效。选择题须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题须使用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 四、考试过程中，严禁旁窥、抄袭、交换试卷等舞弊行为;考试结束后，不得将试卷、答题卡或草稿纸带出考场。 北京市教育考试院 请开始答题，祝你考试顺利 (试卷共12页，100分。考试时长90分钟) 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 请用方框中的单词完成句子。注意有一个多余选项。 stream ordinary discount custom identify opportunity 1. It’s my ________ to go for a walk before breakfast. 2. They’re offering a 10% ________ on all sofas this month. 3. Many students like to ________ music and videos when doing homework. 4. If you look at a world map, you can ________ the major wine-producing regions. 5. A virtual choir helps connect ________ people together. 【答案】1. custom 2. discount 3. stream 4. identify 5. ordinary 【解析】 【1题详解】 考查名词。句意。早餐前散步是我的习惯。空处用于my之后，需要填写名词作表语，custom意为“习惯；风俗”，符合语境。故填custom。 【2题详解】 考查名词。句意。这个月他们对所有沙发提供10%的折扣。空处应填名词单数作宾语，根据句子中的offering和10%可知，此处表示提供折扣，名词discount意为“折扣”，符合题意。故填discount。 【3题详解】 考查动词。句意。许多学生喜欢在做作业时播放音乐和视频。根据句子中可知，此处表示播放音乐和视频，stream有“播放（音频、视频）”的意思，且like to do sth.是固定搭配，所以空处用动词原形。故填stream。 【4题详解】 考查动词。句意。如果你看世界地图，你就能识别出主要的葡萄酒产区。根据句中the major wine-producing regions可知，此处表示识别出主要的葡萄酒产区，identify有“识别；认出”的意思，情态动词can后接动词原形形式。故填identify。 【5题详解】 考查形容词。句意：虚拟唱诗班有助于将普通人联系在一起。ordinary是形容词，意为“普通的”，修饰名词people，表示“普通人”，符合语境。故填ordinary。 第二节(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 For most of her life, Anna Mary Roberts worked very hard making a living on a farm. She began to paint ___6___ her seventies. She displayed her artworks in her town when she was eighty. The paintings ___7___ (notice) by an art collector, who recognized Anna’s remarkable talent. He bought all the paintings on display. Later, three of her paintings were exhibited in one of the most well-known art ___8___ (museum) in New York City. Soon, people around the world heard of Anna and her delightful artworks. People loved looking at the old-fashioned scenes that Anna had created. 【答案】6. in 7. were noticed 8. museums 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了在七十岁时开始画画的Anna Mary Roberts，她的作品被人们所喜爱。 【6题详解】 考查介词。句意：她在70岁时候开始画画。分析句子可知，空处是in her seventies固定结构，意为“在她七十岁的时候”，故填in。 【7题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：这些画被一位艺术收藏家注意到了，他发现了安娜非凡的才华。主语paintings为可数名词复数形式，谓语也应使用复数形式，时态应该与前后句保持一致，用一般过去时；主语paintings和notice之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此需使用被动语态，所以填were noticed。 【8题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：后来，她的三幅画在纽约市最著名的艺术博物馆之一展出。分析句子可知，固定短语one of（其中之一）后接可数名词复数形式。故填museums。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The people living in Wenchuan county will never forget the day 12 May, 2008. Now, more than 10 years on, the people in Wenchuan are living a new life. Many live in new towns ___9___ people can live safely. The people will never forget those who ___10___ (rescue) them and helped them rebuild their home. Out of gratitude, many young adults have chosen to study medicine or join the army in a wish ___11___ (help) more people. Wenchuan has become a symbol of the Chinese spirit of never giving up. 【答案】9. where 10. rescued 11. to help 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了汶川地震后，被帮助的人开始了新生活，年轻人希望去帮助更多的人，汶川已经成为中华民族永不放弃精神的象征 【9题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：许多人住在新城镇，这样人们就能安全的生活。分析句子及结构可知，此处为连词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词new towns表地点。故填where。 【10题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：人们永远不会忘记那些拯救他们并帮助他们重建家园的人。分析句子及结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据并列句的谓语动词helped可知，此处应使用一般过去时态，与主语之间为主动关系。故填rescued。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：出于感激，许多年轻人选择学医或参军，希望能帮助更多的人。分析句子及结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词wish，修饰表示“愿望”的名词通常使用不定式形式，且表示主动意义。故填to help。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Students are busy. Between classes, homework and family, there can be a lot to balance. So why do we suggest that you join a student organization? In fact, doing this will have a great effect on the students ___12___ goals are to become better in school and future life. First of all, you will feel ___13___ (cheer) to have so many opportunities to learn more about yourselves and your strengths. You can also find out ___14___ you’re good at, whether that’s listening, staying organized, or serving others. This awareness will be beneficial in ___15___ (you) future career. 【答案】12. whose 13. cheerful 14. what 15. your 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了学生们参加学生组织的益处就是可以让他们更加了解自己的强项和优势，从而有利于未来的职业发展。 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：事实上，这样做将会对于那些想要在未来的学校和生活当中变得更好的学生有很大的影响。此处为定语从句修饰先行词students，先行词在从句中作goals的定语，表示所属关系，只能用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：首先，你会很高兴可以拥有很多的机会去更多了解你自己和你的优势。空处应用形容词作feel的表语，空处应使用其形容词形式cheerful，意为“感到高兴的；欢快的”，符合句意。故填cheerful。 【14题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：你也会发现你所擅长的东西，是否是倾听，保持有条不紊，或者为他人服务。空处引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中充当at的宾语，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。 【15题详解】 考查代词。句意：这种意识对你未来的职业生涯是有益的。分析句子可知，空处需使用形容词性物主代词在句中作定语修饰名词future career（未来的职业生涯）。故填your。 第三节(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A man in California survived a five-hour night swim, thanks to the ____16____ of a friendly seal (海豹). Scott Thompson, a boater from Southern California, was out on his boat. After realizing the weather wasn’t favorable, he turned the boat back towards land. Soon after, something ____17____ happened. The boat was rocked by the wavy water and Scott got ____18____ out of the boat. The engines continued to run, moving the boat farther and farther away from him, which made it ____19____ to swim back to it. He watched his boat ____20____ in the middle of the icy Santa Barbara Channel. Lost at sea, with no land in ____21____, Thompson was sure these were his ____22____ moments on earth. However, thoughts of his family helped him find the ____23____ to survive. “Just keep ____24____, and you will get home to your family,” Thompson kept telling himself. “Just imagining my girls and my son growing up without me, and my wife not having a husband to support her, I couldn’t ____25____. All of a sudden, he heard a big splash (拍水声). It was a medium-sized harbor seal that Thompson described as “an angel” that came to help him. “The seal would come up and ____26____ me, like a dog comes up and pushes your leg.” Thompson said. It was a sense of ____27____, Thompson recalled, knowing that he wasn’t alone on this heroic journey. Being pushed along by the seal, Thompson felt ____28____ to swim to the nearest oil platform, which was far but closer than land. With the ____29____ of the seal, he swam through the dark, freezing water for five hours, until he managed to reach an oil platform. People aboard the oil platform offered aid. They rushed him to a hospital where Thompson was treated and recovered a few days later. While the thought of his ____30____ motivated him to keep going, Thompson said that he would not have endured through the pain if it hadn’t been for the seal swimming alongside him. 16. A. recognition B. encouragement C. respect D. trust 17. A. unexpected B. common C. confusing D. funny 18. A. kicked B. locked C. rushed D. knocked 19. A. easy B. unnecessary C. impossible D. safe 20. A. disappear B. stop C. ground D. sink 21. A. space B. mind C. line D. sight 22. A. spare B. final C. exciting D. private 23. A. tool B. way C. will D. skill 24 A. swimming B. calling C. watching D. practicing 25. A. break in B. show up C. slow down D. give up 26. A. greet B. push C. lift D. take 27. A. duty B. hope C. anxiety D. wonder 28. A. determined B. satisfied C. honored D. amused 29. A. task B. cost C. company D. arrival 30. A. pets B. friends C. family D. boat 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. A 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在加州，一名船夫在夜间因为风浪从船上被甩到海里。多亏了一只友好的海豹的鼓励，他在黑暗、冰冷的水中游了5个小时候活了下来。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一只友好海豹的鼓励下，加州一名男子游了五小时后活了下来。A. recognition识别；B. encouragement鼓励；C. respect尊重；D. trust相信。根据下文“While the thought of his ____15____ motivated him to keep going, Thompson said that he would not have endured through the pain if it hadn’t been for the seal swimming alongside him.”可知，因为海豹的鼓励，加州一名男子最终在海里游了5小时后活了下来。故选B。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，意想不到的事情发生了。A. unexpected意想不到的；B. common普通的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. funny有趣的。根据下文“The boat was rocked by the wavy water and Scott got ____3____ out of the boat.”可知，发生了意想不到的事情，由于风浪很大，斯科特被从船上打到了海里。故选A。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：船被波涛汹涌的海水摇晃着，斯科特被打出了船。A. kicked踢；B. locked锁定；C. rushed冲向；D. knocked打掉。根据上文“The boat was rocked by the wavy water”可知，风浪很大，斯科特被风浪从船上打到了海里。故选D。 【19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：引擎继续运转，船离他越来越远，所以他不可能游回船上去。A. easy容易的；B. unnecessary不必要的；C. impossible不可能的；D. safe安全的。根据上文“moving the boat farther and farther away from him”可知，船离他越来越远，他不可能游回船上去。故选C。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看着他的船消失在冰冷的圣巴巴拉海峡中间。A. disappear消失；B. stop停止；C. ground搁浅；D. sink下沉。根据上文“The engines continued to nun, moving the boat farther and farther away from him, which made it ____4____ to swim back to it.”可知，船离他越来越远，最终消失不见了。故选A。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：迷失在海上，看不见陆地，汤普森确信这是他在地球上的最后时刻。A. space空间；B. mind头脑；C. line线；D. sight景象。根据上文“Lost at sea”可知，迷失在大海上，他看不见陆地。in sight“看得见”。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：迷失在海上，看不见陆地，汤普森确信这是他在地球上的最后时刻。A. spare备用的；B. final最终的；C. exciting激动人心的；D. private私有的。根据上文“Lost at sea, with no land in ____6____”可知，迷失在大海上，看不见陆地，他绝望了，他确信这是他在地球上的最后时刻，也就是说他觉得他快要死了。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，对家人的思念帮助他找到了生存的意志。A. tool工具；B. way方式；C. will意志；D. skill技巧。根据下文““Just keep ____9____ , and you will get home to your family,” Thompson kept telling himself.”可知，是对家人的思念帮助他找到了求生的意志。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只要继续游泳，你就会回到你的家人身边，”汤普森一直告诉自己。A. swimming游泳；B. calling呼叫；C. watching观看；D. practicing练习。根据下文“and you will get home to your family”可知，汤普森鼓励自己，只要坚持游泳，就能回到家人的身边。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：想象一下，我的女儿和儿子在没有我的情况下长大，而我的妻子没有丈夫支持，我无法放弃。A. break in闯进；B. show up出现；C. slow down减速；D. give up放弃。根据上文“Just imagining my girls and my son growing up without me, and my wife not having a husband to support her”可知，汤普森想到家人后，他觉得他自己不能放弃。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：海豹会上来推我，就像狗上来推你的腿一样。A. greet问候；B. push推；C. lift举起；D. take拿。根据下文“like a dog comes up and pushes your leg”可知，海豹上来推汤普森，让他觉得就像小狗推他的腿一样。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤普森回忆道，这是一种希望感，他知道自己在这段英雄之旅中并不孤单。A. duty职责；B. hope希望；C. anxiety焦虑；D. wonder奇迹。根据下文“knowing that he wasn’t alone on this heroic journey”可知，海豹在海里时不时的推着汤普森，让他觉得并不孤单，从而有了希望。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在海豹的推动下，汤普森下定决心游到最近的石油平台，那里离陆地很远，但又很近。A. determined坚决的；B. satisfied满足的；C. honored尊敬的；D. amused好笑的。根据下文“swim to the nearest oil platform”可知，在海豹的推动下，汤普森下定决心游到最近的石油平台。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在海豹的陪伴下，他在漆黑的冰水中游了五个小时，终于到达了一个石油平台。A. task任务；B. cost成本；C. company陪伴；D. arrival到达。根据上文“Being pushed along by the seal”可知，是海豹的陪伴，汤普森才能在漆黑的冰水中游了五个小时，终于到达了一个石油平台。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤普森说，虽然家人的想法激励他坚持下去，但如果不是这只海豹在他身边游来游去，他不可能忍受住痛苦。A. pets宠物；B. friends朋友；C. family家庭；D. boat船。根据上文“Just keep ____9____, and you will get home to your family”可知，家人的想法激励他坚持下去，在海豹的陪伴，他才能在冰冷的海水中活下来。故选C。 第二部分 阅读表达(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题，每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Trying to find the perfect present is about as easy as trying to read someone’s mind. Few people will actually tell you what they want for a special occasion and most of the time your loved ones will insist that they don’t need or want anything! So, what to do? Here are some tips that could help. Start Early Starting your shopping early can have many advantages. For instance, it gives you enough time to come up with ideas for what you should buy your friends or family members. Moreover, the closer it gets to holidays, the higher the prices go up. So, save your money by being an early bird. Make a List Here, you can write down everything your friends or family members love. This can include food, hobbies, experiences, and more. Then try to determine how to use this information to find a gift that perfectly suits them. If you are lucky, you should be able to find good ideas in one of these lists. Think outside the Box Often, the reason why you get stuck for gift ideas is that you only focus on the same kind of presents. If you are still coming up empty, it is time to get creative. You can find something your friends or family members can use every day. When in doubt, you can simply put smaller presents together to make up a larger, more meaningful gift. Gift an Experience In case you are still feeling a little stuck, go ahead and find something that the two of you can do together. It may be a class, or anything else where you can enjoy each other’s company. In short, you will be able to give them the gift of friendship. 31. Start your shopping early can help you _______. A. buy gifts in lower prices B. change ideas very often C. read your friend’s mind easily D. make a list of preferred gifts 32. To enjoy each other’s company, you can _______. A. talk to your family members B. find something that you can do together C. write down everything your friends love D. put smaller gifts together to make up a larger one 33. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To suggest ways on how to make friends. B. To give advice on reading minds. C. To share a travel story. D. To offer tips on buying presents. 【答案】31. A 32. B 33. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要给出了几条如何找到完美礼物的建议：提前选购，列清单，跳出固有思维以及把共同经历作为一份礼物。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Start Early”部分内容“Moreover, the closer it gets to holidays, the higher the prices go up. So, save your money by being an early bird.(而且，离假期越近，物价就越高。所以，做一个早做准备的人可以节省你的钱。)”可知，早做准备可以省钱，以一个较低的价格买到相同的东西。故选A。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Gift an Experience”部分内容“In case you are still feeling a little stuck, go ahead and find something that the two of you can do together. It may be a class, or anything else where you can enjoy each other’s company.(如果你仍然感觉有点被困住了，继续找一些你们俩可以一起做的事情。它可能是一门课，或者其他任何你们可以享受彼此陪伴的事情。)”可知，为了享受彼此的陪伴，你可以找一些可以一起做的事情。故选B。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章体裁为应用文，文章结构为总分结构，首段内容“Trying to find the perfect present is about as easy as trying to read someone’s mind.(想要找到完美的礼物就像读心术一样简单。)”以及“Here are some tips that could help.(这里有一些可以帮助你的建议。)”揭示了文章的目的，即：文章主要讲述了找到完美礼物的几个建议。D项“To offer tips on buying presents.(提供买礼物的建议)”符合文章大意。故选D。 B Mitchell Wollen is a student at Xavier High School in Connecticut, US. When his school shut down due to the coronavirus pandemic (新冠疫情), he found that he had a big block of free time, and he decided to make a difference. “My friend and I were brainstorming,” said Wollen. “We thought we’d make these hearts for people on the frontline who are sacrificing (牺牲) everything for us.” Wollen made a model -- a wooden heart painted red with the words “Thank You” on the sign. People could put them on their front lawns to thank healthcare workers. To encourage such kindness, his mom Julie posted this on her Facebook page in early April. After that, Wollen didn’t have any more free time. In the first week, he had 100 orders for the hearts. Filling the orders was time-consuming. When distance learning started up, Wollen had schoolwork to do for six or seven hours a day. However, being busy with schoolwork didn’t stop him from making more signs. After his school wrote an article on Wollen and posted it on Facebook, more people ordered signs from him. People can donate (捐赠) $10 for his cause. It has so far helped Wollen raise more than $1,600. He plans to use the money to buy meals for healthcare workers. He has talked with people at several medical centers in his state, hoping to bring food to the workers. Among them, Gaylord Hospital has responded. After connecting with his mother’s friend, who owns a coffee truck, Wollen planned to pay the people who run the coffee truck to offer free coffee to the healthcare workers from Gaylord Hospital. “Everybody’s having a tough time right now,” he said. “I just want to spread positive energy and help those who are struggling in these times.” Currently, Wollen isn’t taking any more orders for signs since he still has about 100 orders to fill. However, he hopes to be able to make more in the future and that people like him can find ways to show support during this troublesome period. 34. Why did Mitchell Wollen make wooden hearts? A. To kill time in the free time. B. To make some pocket money. C. To show off his hands-on skills. D. To express thanks to selfless people. 35. What can we infer about Wollen from the article? A. He was highly praised by his school. B. He asked his mom to advertise for him. C. He wanted to get known on the Internet. D. He gave up making hearts when he was busy. 36. How does Wollen plan to use the money? A. He will use it to start a food business. B. He plans to support a coffee truck owner. C. He will buy coffee for healthcare workers. D. He plans to use it to complete more orders. 37. Which of the following best describes Wollen? A. Creative and thoughtful. B. Cheerful and humorous. C. Brave and kind-hearted. D. Outgoing and hardworking. 【答案】34. D 35. A 36. C 37. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了美国的一名高二学生Mitchell Wollen在疫情期间，为了表达对医护人员的感谢，做了很多木质的“心”，并希望人们可以在这个特殊的时期找到合适的方式来表达自己的支持和团结之情。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We thought we’d make these hearts for people on the frontline who are sacrificing (牺牲) everything for us.(我们想为前线为我们牺牲了一切的人们做这些心。)”以及第三段中的“Wollen made a model -- a wooden heart painted red with the words “Thank You” on the sign.(沃伦做了一个模型——一个被漆成红色的木制心形，上面写着“谢谢”。)”可知，Mitchell Wollen做木心是为了向无私的人们表达感谢。故选D。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“After his school wrote an article on Wollen and posted it on Facebook, more people ordered signs from him.(在他的学校写了一篇关于沃伦的文章并把它发布在Facebook上后，更多的人从他那里订购标语。)”可知，学校特意写了一篇关于Wollen的文章，所以可以推断出Wollen受到了学校的高度赞扬，故选A。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第四段的“He plans to use the money to buy meals for healthcare workers.(他计划用这笔钱为医护人员买饭吃。)”以及倒数第三段中的“Among them, Gaylord Hospital has responded. After connecting with his mother’s friend, who owns a coffee truck, Wollen planned to pay the people who run the coffee truck to offer free coffee to the healthcare workers from Gaylord Hospital.(其中盖洛德医院做出了回应。在联系了他母亲的一个拥有一辆咖啡车的朋友后，沃伦计划付钱给开咖啡车的人，让他们为盖洛德医院的医护人员免费提供咖啡。)”可知Wollen计划用这些钱为医护人员买咖啡。故选C。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“'My friend and I were brainstorming,'said Wollen. 'We thought we’d make these hearts for people on the frontline who are sacrificing (牺牲) everything for us.'”(“我的朋友和我在头脑风暴，”沃伦说。“我们认为我们应该为前线的人们制作这些心，他们为我们牺牲了一切。”)”和倒数第三段的“After connecting with his mother’s friend, who owns a coffee truck, Wollen planned to pay the people who run the coffee truck to offer free coffee to the healthcare workers from Gaylord Hospital.(在联系了他母亲的一个拥有一辆咖啡车的朋友后，沃伦计划付钱给开咖啡车的人，让他们为盖洛德医院的医护人员免费提供咖啡。)”可知，本文讲述了Wollen和朋友们进行了头脑风暴，决定在疫情期间做木质的“心”来表达对医护人员的感谢，并且将后来人们捐给他的钱都用来为医护人员购买咖啡。由此可知，Wollen既有创造性又考虑周到。故选A。 C Chemists have spent the past century trying to make plastics that will break down in seawater. As it is, most plastics appear to take centuries to fully degrade in the ocean. But that may change. Scientists have just designed a new plastic that can break down in seawater within weeks, not decades or more. Back in the 1930s, scientists created a now-popular plastic out of corn and potato starch (淀粉). It’s known as polylactide, or PLA. It’s a polymer (聚合物), which is a molecule made by linking many building blocks — called monomers — into a long string. Scientists had hoped PLA would quickly break down in the environment. And in some places, like compost pits (堆肥坑), it does. But not in seawater. Even after three years in ocean water, PLA remains largely unchanged. Timo Rheinberger is a PhD student at the University of Twente in the Netherlands. His work on polymers has focused on boosting PLA’s breakdown. As part of that work, he became part of a team that just added some RNA-inspired breaking points to PLA. They put those breaking points in places where monomers in the PLA molecules are linked. They weakened the links that joined up to 15 percent of a PLA’s monomers. Then, they soaked their samples in artificial seawater and measured how fast these tweaked versions of PLA broke down. The expected final product of PLA’s breakdown was a small molecule called lactic acid. So, they tested for that too. As the team had hoped, seawater attacked the weakened links between monomers, splitting the polymer chain apart. The more breaking points the researchers added to the polymer, the faster the PLA broke down. When they weakened 15 percent of PLA’s monomer links, the polymer broke down entirely within just two weeks. When they weakened only 3 percent of the links, the breakdown took about 2 years. This suggests the team can design how quickly PLA will break down in water by adjusting how many weakened links it has. Mehlika Karamanlioglu teaches biomedical engineering at Istanbul Gelisim University. She, too, has studied environmental breakdown of PLA. “It’s a new approach,” she says of the Dutch technique. Theirs is also “an early-stage study,” Karamanlioglu says. So, more testing must follow. Scientists want to know how the strength of the new PLA compares to old PLA. Rheinberger agrees. “You need a lot of material to start those studies,” he adds. And so far, his team has made only small amounts of the modified PLA. Karamanlioglu notes the Dutch team also tested the breakdown of its PLA in artificial seawater. “I wonder if they checked [the water] for pollution,” she adds. If there were microbes (微生物), those microbes may have produced molecules called enzymes that sped up the PLA’s degradation. 38. What can we learn about PLA from the passage? A. Lactic acid prevents the breakdown of PLA. B. PLA breaks down faster in artificial seawater. C. PLA’s breakdown relies on that of monomers. D. Compost pits are the best places for PLA’s breakdown. 39. What is Mehlika’s attitude towards the findings of the Dutch team? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Optimistic. D. Cautious. 40. What can be learned from the last three paragraphs? A. Mehlika is confident about the application of the new PLA. B. The cleanness of water also affects the breakdown of PLA. C. The new PLA has better strength than the old PLA. D. The new PLA have been produced in large amounts. 【答案】38. C 39. D 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍科学家设计出一种能在海水中快速分解的新型塑料及其研究过程。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“As the team had hoped, seawater attacked the weakened links between monomers, splitting the polymer chain apart. The more breaking points the researchers added to the polymer, the faster the PLA broke down. (正如研究小组所希望的那样，海水攻击了单体之间薄弱的连接，使聚合物链断裂。研究人员在聚合物中添加的断点越多，PLA分解的速度就越快。)”和第六段“When they weakened 15 percent of PLA’s monomer links, the polymer broke down entirely within just two weeks. When they weakened only 3 percent of the links, the breakdown took about 2 years.(当他们削弱PLA 15%的单体连接时，聚合物在两周内完全分解。当他们只削弱了3%的联系时，这种破坏持续了大约2年。)”可知，PLA的分解依赖于单体的分解。故选C项。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第七段“She, too, has studied environmental breakdown of PLA. “It’s a new approach,” she says of the Dutch technique. Theirs is also “a preliminary study,” Karamanlioglu says. So, more testing must follow. (她也研究过PLA的环境破坏。“这是一种新方法，”她谈到荷兰的技术时说。Karamanlioglu说，他们的研究也是“初步研究”。因此，必须进行更多的测试)”可推断，Mehlika对荷兰研究小组的发现持谨慎态度。故选D项。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据后三段，尤其是最后一段“Karamanlioglu notes the Dutch team also tested the breakdown of its PLA in artificial seawater. “I wonder if they checked [the water] for pollution,” she adds. If there were microbes (微生物), those microbes may have produced molecules called enzymes that sped up the PLA’s degradation. (卡拉曼利奥卢指出，荷兰团队还测试了其 PLA 在人工海水中的分解情况。“我想知道他们是否检查了[水]是否有污染，”她补充说。如果有微生物，这些微生物可能会产生称为酶的分子，从而加速 PLA 的降解。)”可推知，水的清洁度也会影响PLA的分解。故选B项。 D In the 1970s, a gorilla (大猩猩) known as Koko became world-famous when scientists taught her to use human sign language to communicate with people. There were numerous attempts in the mid-1900s to teach human language to nonhumans, such as Koko. But what we should have been thinking about was their abilities to engage in complex communication on their own terms instead of trying to teach an animal to talk to us in human language. Today scientists are trying to figure out how living things already share information using their particular methods. This new field of study is known as digital bioacoustics, and it involves using tools to understand the production of sounds and their effects on living things. Scientists in this field are using sensors, which are devices that pick up and record information on physical or chemical conditions. Some are also using artificial intelligence (AI) technology, an approach that uses algorithms (算法). The same algorithms that we use in tools such as Google Translate to translate documents can also be used to find patterns in nonhuman communication. Jeremy of Tel Aviv University studied nearly two dozen Egyptian fruit bats for two and a half months and recorded their vocalizations. His team adapted a voice-recognition program to study 15,000 of the sounds. The algorithm matched specific sounds with specific things the bats were doing. Using this program, the researchers were able to classify most of the bats’ sounds. Jeremy and other researchers have found that bats have a much more complex language than we previously understood. Bats argue over food; they distinguish (区分) between genders when they communicate with one another and they have individual names, or “signature calls”. That’s a great example of how AI is able to find these patterns from information gathered by sensors and microphones. AI reveals things that we can’t hear with our human ears alone because most bat communication happens above our hearing range, and because bats speak much faster than we do, we have to slow it down to listen to it. So we cannot listen like a bat, but our computers can. And our computers can also speak back to the bat by producing specific patterns. Digital bioacoustics is like an amazing hearing aid. It lets us listen to animals with both our digitally enhanced (增强的) ears and our imagination. This is slowly opening our minds not only to the wonderful sounds that nonhumans make, but to a fundamental set of questions about the so-called divide between humans and nonhumans, as well as our connection to other species. It’s also opening up new ways to think about protecting living things and our relationship with the planet. It’s pretty meaningful. 41. Regarding scientists’ efforts to teach animals human language, the author feels ________. A. negative B. unconcerned C. uncertain D. supportive 42. Scientists in digital bioacoustics are trying to study ________. A. how animals use different tools to share information B. how animals are affected by the production of sounds C. how animals are taught to talk in human sign language D. how animals communicate with one another using sounds 43. What can we learn about AI applied in digital bioacoustics? A. It pairs certain animals’ sounds with their behaviors. B. It slows down animals’ sounds within humans’ hearing range. C. It adapts voice-recognition programs to analyze animals’ sounds. D. It translates specific nonhuman sound patterns into human language. 44. According to the passage, the author may agree that ________. A. animals can be classified according to their sound patterns B. scientists need to keep studying how animals produce sounds C. digital bioacoustics may inspire humans to rethink their relationship with animals D. the focus of digital bioacoustics should be the divide between humans and nonhumans 【答案】41. A 42. D 43. A 44. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲是科学家们正试图弄清楚生物是如何用它们独特的方法共享信息的。这个新的研究领域被称为数字生物声学，它不仅让我们听到了非人类发出的美妙声音，而且让我们看到了一系列关于所谓的人类和非人类之间的鸿沟的基本问题，以及我们与其他物种的联系。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“But what we should have been thinking about was their abilities to engage in complex communication on their own terms instead of trying to teach an animal to talk to us in human language.(但我们应该考虑的是它们用自己的方式进行复杂交流的能力，而不是试图教会动物用人类的语言与我们交谈。)”可知作者认为我们应该考虑让动物用它们自己的方式进行复杂交流，而不是试图教会动物用人类的语言与我们交谈，所以作者对于科学家教动物人类语言的努力的态度是消极的。故选A项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Today scientists are trying to figure out how living things already share information using their particular methods..(今天，科学家们正试图弄清楚生物是如何用它们独特的方法共享信息的。)”可知数字生物声学的科学家们正试图研究动物是如何利用它们独特的方法即声音相互交流的。故选D项。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The algorithm matched specific sounds with specific things the bats were doing. Using this program, the researchers were able to classify most of the bats’ sounds.(该算法将特定的声音与蝙蝠正在做的特定事情相匹配。利用这个程序，研究人员能够对大多数蝙蝠的声音进行分类。)”可知应用于数字生物声学的人工智能将某些动物的声音与它们的行为配对。故选A项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It’s also opening up new ways to think about protecting living things and our relationship with the planet. It’s pretty meaningful.(它也开辟了新的方式来思考保护生物和我们与地球的关系。这很有意义。)”可知作者认为数字生物声学可能会激发人类重新思考他们与动物的关系。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you use “123456”, “password’’ or “qwerty” as a password, you’re probably aware that you’re at the risk of being attacked by hackers (黑客). But you’re not alone. ____45____ Recently, password management service NordPass has carried out a study to determine the 200 most commonly used passwords around the world. They analysed the data across 50 countries. The findings show password choices are often attached to cultural references. ____46____ In the UK, “liverpool” was the third most popular password, with 224,160 hits, while the name of Chilean football club “colocolo” was used by 15,748 people in Chile, making it the fifth most common choice. ____47____ Women tend to use more positive and affectionate (深情的) words and phrases such as “sunshine” or “I loveyou”, while men often use sports-related passwords. In some countries, men use more swear words than women. Choosing long and complex passwords remains the main authentication mechanism (身份验证机制) for computers and network-based products and services. But we know people continue to choose weak passwords and often don’t manage them securely. ____48____ To overcome the security issues linked with password-based authentication systems, researchers and developers are now concentrating on creating authentication systems which don’t depend on passwords at all. ____49____ For example, two-factor authentication (2FA) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) methods are good ways to secure your accounts. These methods combine a password with biometric information (for example, a face scan or fingerprint) or something distinguishable, like a captcha (验证码). All in all, a secure password is the first line of defense against cyber attacks. Don’t give up security for convenience. A. They need the support of computer experts. B. The findings show that passwords tell our emotions. C. People in some countries take inspiration from a football team. D. The report also reflected different preferences between genders. E. These are among the most popular passwords around the world. F. Besides, there are other ways to protect your personal information. G. As a result, they put themselves under potential online security threats. 【答案】45. E 46. C 47. D 48. G 49. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们使用网络密码的现状并提出了应对之策。 【45题详解】 由空前两句“If you use “123456”, “password’’ or “qwerty” as a password, you’re probably aware that you’re at the risk of being attacked by hackers (黑客). But you’re not alone.( 如果你使用“123456”、“password”或“qwerty”作为密码，你可能已经意识到你有被黑客攻击的风险。但你并不只有你一人这样。)”可知，空处谈论人们最常使用的密码形式；结合选项可知，选项E. These are among the most popular passwords around the world.(这些是世界上最最受欢迎的密码。)承接前一句，符合题意；此处these指代前文提到的几种密码。故选E。 【46题详解】 由空后“In the UK, “liverpool” was the third most popular password, with 224,160 hits, while the name of Chilean football club “colocolo” was used by 15,748 people in Chile, making it the fifth most common choice.( 在英国，“利物浦”是第三大最受欢迎的密码，有224160次点击，而智利足球俱乐部的名字“colocolo”在智利有15748人使用，排名第五。)可知，空处讲述的是有些国家的人的密码设置受到喜欢的球队的影响；结合选项可知，选项C. People in some countries take inspiration from a football team.( 有些国家的人们从足球队中获得灵感。)切题，与空后描述一致；空后也列举了两支著名的球队名称。故选C。 【47题详解】 空处是本段的主旨句。由空后“Women tend to use more positive and affectionate (深情的) words and phrases such as “sunshine” or “I loveyou”, while men often use sports-related passwords.( 女性倾向于使用更积极、更深情的单词和短语，比如“阳光”或“我爱你”，而男性则经常使用与体育相关的密码。)”可知，本段主要讲述的男性和女性在设置密码上的差异；结合选项可知，选项D. The report also reflected different preferences between genders.( 该报告还反映了性别偏好的不同。)与本段描述内容一致，切题。故选D。 【48题详解】 由空前“But we know people continue to choose weak passwords and often don’t manage them securely. (但我们知道，人们继续选择易破的密码，而且通常不会安全地管理它们。)”可知，空处讲述的是人们选择不安全密码的后果；结合选项可知，选项G. As a result, they put themselves under potential online security threats.( 因此，他们将自己置于潜在的网络安全威胁之下。)谈论的是使用不安全密码的后果，切题。故选G。 【49题详解】 根据后文“For example, two-factor authentication (2FA) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) methods are good ways to secure your accounts. These methods combine a password with biometric information (for example, a face scan or fingerprint) or something distinguishable, like a captcha (验证码). (例如，双因素身份验证(2FA)和多因素身份验证(MFA)方法是保护您帐户的好方法。这些方法将密码与生物识别信息(例如，面部扫描或指纹)或其他可识别的信息(如验证码)结合起来。)”可知，空处讲述的是如何保护个人信息，即保护个人信息的方法；结合选项可知，选项F. Besides, there are other ways to protect your personal information.( 此外，还有其他方法来保护你的个人信息。)与下文描述相呼应，符合题意。故选F。 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第49—51题各2分，52题6分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。 In 1983, Howard Gardner, a professor at Harvard, published Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. In the book, he presented one type of intelligence that everyone must develop if they want to be successful. That is emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to recognize and control your own emotions. It means having a deep understanding of yourself, knowing your own strengths and weaknesses, and handling reactions and emotions wisely. Emotional intelligence is key to success in almost any field and it is especially important for high-stress environments, for example, when times are tough and when a person wants to quit or is fearful. We all know highly emotional people. Rather than react wisely, they tend to let their emotions run their lives, often saying or doing something they may later regret. I’ve seen many people do this on social media, getting in arguments with loved ones over unimportant things because they have different opinions. This inability to master the self leads to many struggles and heartaches for people. Emotional intelligence does not mean being void (没有) of emotions. It means you know it is okay to be angry, just not out-of-control angry. You know it’s okay to feel hurt, but it is not okay to do something stupid in the name of revenge (报复). Many of us know people who are very intelligent, but allow their emotions to damage their lives. Now, think deeply on how you manage your emotions. Are you smart in the way you express what you’re feeling, especially when the pressure is on? 50. According to the passage, what is “emotional intelligence”? ________________________________________________ 51. In what occasion is Emotional Intelligence especially important? ________________________________________________ 52. How do highly emotional people deal with their emotions? ________________________________________________ 53. In your daily life, what can you do to better manage your emotions? Please give some examples. ________________________________________________ 【答案】50. Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to identify and regulate your own emotions. 51. Emotional intelligence is key to success in almost any field and it is especially important for high-stress environments. 52. Rather than react wisely, highly emotional people tend to let their emotions run their lives, often saying or doing something they may later regret. 53. I manage my emotions in two ways. Firstly, I like writing down my bad feelings, which enables me to let go of them so that I can focus more on what makes me cheerful. Secondly, when conflict occurs, it helps to talk openly about my feelings and thoughts. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是什么是情商，高情商和低情商的人分别有什么表现。 【50题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段的“Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to identify and regulate your own emotions.（情商指的是识别和调节自己情绪的能力。）”可知，情商指的是识别和调节自己情绪的能力，故答案为Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to identify and regulate your own emotions。 【51题详解】 考查细节理解。第二段最后一句提到“Emotional intelligence is key to success in almost any field and it is especially important for high-stress environments, for example, when times are tough and when a person wants to quit or is fearful.”（情商几乎在任何领域都是成功的关键，在高压力环境中尤其重要，例如，当形势艰难，当一个人想要放弃或感到恐惧时。）由此判断，在高压环境下高情商显得尤为重要。故答案为Emotional intelligence is key to success in almost any field and it is especially important for high-stress environments.。 【52题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段的“We all know highly emotional people. Rather than react wisely, they tend to let their emotions run their lives, often saying or doing something they may later regret.（我们都认识高度情绪化的人。他们没有做出明智的反应，而是倾向于让自己的情绪控制自己的生活，经常说或做一些事后可能会后悔的事情。）”可知，高度情绪化的人倾向于让他们的情绪控制他们的生活，经常说或做一些事后可能会后悔的事情，故答案为Rather than react wisely, highly emotional people tend to let their emotions run their lives, often saying or doing something they may later regret。 【53题详解】 考查推理判断。根据客观事实，首先，我喜欢写下我的不好的感觉，这能让我放开它们，这样我就能更多地关注让我快乐的事情。其次，当冲突发生时，公开谈论我的感受和想法会有帮助。故答案为I manage my emotions in two ways. Firstly, I like writing down my bad feelings, which enables me to let go of them so that I can focus more on what makes me cheerful. Secondly, when conflict occurs, it helps to talk openly about my feelings and thoughts.。 第二节(20分) 54. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Eric发来邮件，向你询问你和家人是如何欢度春节的。请参考以下提示给Eric回复邮件，并谈谈你对春节的感受。字数50 个左右。 邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好。 • go to grandparents' house • attach Fu to the front door • talk about the past year • make jiaozi • watch fireworks •... Dear Eric, I am glad that you are interested in Chinese Spring Festival. I will share my experiences during Spring Festival with you. I hope you will come to China someday and experience Spring Festival in person. I am looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Eric, I am glad that you are interested in Chinese Spring Festival. I will share my experiences during Spring Festival with you. Spring Festival is a great time for family reunions. This year, my parents and I went to grandparents’ house, enjoying the festival together. On that eve, we stayed at home to make jiaozi, after which we went outside to watch fireworks. Then we talked about the past year while watching the Spring Festival Gala. On the morning of the New Year’s Day, we all got up very early to attach Fu to the front door, on which all good wishes are presented. I hope you will come to China someday and experience Spring Festival in person. I am looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Eric回复一份邮件，告诉他你和家人是如何欢度春节的，并谈谈你对春节的感受。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。 结构：总-分-总法 要点： 1. 描述你和家人是如何欢度春节的； 2. 谈谈你对春节的感受。 第二步：列提纲 （重点词组） be interested in；the Spring Festival；family reunions；stay at home；watch fireworks；talk about；the Spring Festival Gala；get up；good wishes；look forward to； 第三步：连词成句 1. I am glad that you are interested in Chinese Spring Festival. 2. I will share my experiences during Spring Festival with you. 3. Spring Festival is a great time for family reunions. 4. This year, my parents and I went to grandparents’ house, enjoying the festival together.  5. On that eve, we stayed at home to make jiaozi, after which we went outside to watch fireworks. 6. Then we talked about the past year while watching the Spring Festival Gala. 7. On the morning of the New Year’s Day, we all got up very early to attach Fu to the front door, on which all good wishes are presented. 8. I hope you will come to China someday and experience Spring Festival in person. 9. I am looking forward to your reply. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：Then；after； 2.表并列补充关系：and；What is more, Besides, Moreover（供参考） 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型1] This year, my parents and I went to grandparents’ house, enjoying the festival together.（使用了现分词作状语） [高分句型2] On that eve, we stayed at home to make jiaozi, after which we went outside to watch fireworks.（使用了由介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型3] On the morning of the New Year’s Day, we all got up very early to attach Fu to the front door, on which all good wishes are presented.（使用了由介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $