专题06 冠词&代词（江苏专用）-【简语法-中考核心语法精练】2026年江苏地区中考备考 一轮复习专用（译林版）

中考核心语法精练 专题06 冠词&代词-中考核心语法（江苏专用） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 中考模拟提升 一、冠词核心语法表格 本表梳理不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词的核心用法、典型场景及易错点，明确冠词使用边界，助力精准判断。 冠词类型 核心用法 典型例句 易错提醒 不定冠词（a/an） 1. 泛指单数可数名词，表 “一个”；2. 首次提及人 / 物；3. 职业名称前；4. 固定搭配 a book、an hour、a university、an honest boy、have a good time 1. 看 “音素” 不看字母（an hour，h 不发音）；2. 辅音音素开头用 a（a European），元音音素开头用 an 定冠词（the） 1. 特指双方熟悉 / 上文提及的人 / 物；2. 世界独一无二事物前；3. 序数词 / 最高级前；4. 乐器 / 江河 / 山脉 / 群岛前；5. 单数可数名词表一类事物；6. 固定搭配 the sun、the first day、play the piano、the Yangtze River、the panda is cute、in the morning 1. 最高级前有物主代词时不用 the（my best friend）；2. 人名 / 普通地名前不用 the（Beijing，Tom） 零冠词 1. 复数 / 不可数名词泛指；2. 专有名词（人名 / 地名 / 节日 / 月份 / 星期）前；3. 三餐 / 球类 / 棋类 / 学科 / 语言前；4. 固定搭配 Dogs are loyal、go to school、have breakfast、play basketball、I like math、at home 1. 三餐前有形容词修饰需加 a/an（a big breakfast）；2. 由普通名词构成的专有名词需加 the（the Great Wall） 使用注意事项 1. 冠词与名词的匹配：不定冠词仅修饰单数可数名词，复数名词和不可数名词泛指时用零冠词。 2. 固定搭配记忆：区分 “带冠词” 与 “零冠词” 的搭配（如 have a fever vs have breakfast），避免混淆。 3. 语境判断优先级：先判断 “泛指 / 特指”，再看名词属性（单复数 / 专有名词），最后核对固定搭配。 二、代词分类及核心用法表格 本表明确各类代词的形式、功能及典型用法，解决代词指代和语法功能问题。 代词 核心形式 语法功能 典型例句 人称代词 主格：I/you/he/she/it/we/they；宾格：me/you/him/her/it/us/them 主格作主语；宾格作及物动词 / 介词宾语 He is a student.（主格）；Give it to me.（宾格） 物主代词 形容词性：my/your/his/her/its/our/their；名词性：mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs 形容词性后接名词（作定语）；名词性不接名词（作主语 / 宾语 / 表语） This is my book.（形容词性）；This book is mine.（名词性） 反身代词 myself/yourself/yourselves/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/themselves 作宾语（动作反射到主语）、同位语（强调主语） He hurt himself.（宾语）；She herself finished the work.（同位语） 指示代词 单数：this（近指）、that（远指）；复数：these（近指）、those（远指） 指代人 / 物，可作主语 / 宾语 / 定语；that/those 可代替前文名词避免重复 This is a pen.（主语）；These apples are bigger than those.（代替前文 apples） 不定代词 普通：some/any、few/a few、little/a little；限定：each/every、both/all、either/neither 修饰名词或单独使用，指代不确定的人 / 物 / 数量 Some are good.（单独使用）；a few books（修饰名词） 疑问代词 what/who/whom/whose/which 用于特殊疑问句，作主语 / 宾语 / 定语 / 表语 Who is he?（主语）；Whose book is this?（定语） it 的特殊用法 —— 1. 形式主 / 宾语（代替不定式 / 从句）；2. 指代天气 / 时间 / 距离；3. 强调句型 It’s important to study.（形式主语）；It’s rainy today.（指代天气）；It was yesterday that I met her.（强调句型） 使用注意事项 1. 人称代词宾格陷阱：介词（between/with/for 等）后必须用人称代词宾格（between you and me）。 2. 物主代词区分：空后有名词用形容词性，空后无名词用名词性（This is yours，不可说 This is your）。 3. 反身代词匹配：需与主语人称、数一致（We taught ourselves，不可说 We taught himself）。 4. it 的强调句型：去掉 “It is/was + that/who” 后句子结构完整，否则不是强调句。 三、易混代词辨析核心语法表格 本表针对高频易混代词，拆解核心差异，搭配典型例句，助力快速区分用法边界。 易混词组 核心差异 典型例句对比 some vs any some：肯定句 / 委婉请求 / 建议；any：否定句 / 疑问句 / 肯定句表 “任意” ① I have some books.（肯定句）；② Would you like some tea?（委婉请求）；③ There isn’t any milk.（否定句）；④ Any student can answer.（肯定句表任意） few/a few vs little/a little few/a few：修饰可数名词；little/a little：修饰不可数名词；a 表肯定（有一些），无 a 表否定（几乎没有） ① There are a few eggs.（可数肯定）；② There are few eggs.（可数否定）；③ There is a little milk.（不可数肯定）；④ There is little milk.（不可数否定） each vs every each：两者 / 三者 +，可单独使用；every：三者 +，仅作定语；each 强调个体，every 强调整体 ① Each of the two girls is tall.（两者，单独使用）；② Every student works hard.（三者 +，作定语） both vs all both：两者都，谓语用复数；all：三者 + 都，修饰复数名词谓语用复数，修饰不可数名词谓语用单数 ① Both of them are my friends.（两者）；② All students passed the exam.（三者 +，复数名词）；③ All water is clean.（不可数名词，谓语单数） either vs neither either：两者任一，谓语用单数；neither：两者都不，谓语用单数（否定） ① Either pen is OK.（两者任一）；② Neither of the girls likes swimming.（两者都不） 使用注意事项 1. some/any 灵活运用：委婉请求、希望得到肯定回答的疑问句用 some，普通疑问句用 any。 2. 否定语气判断：few/little 表否定，隐含 “需要补充”；a few/a little 表肯定，隐含 “数量足够”。 3. 范围匹配：both/either/neither 仅用于两者，all/every 用于三者及以上，不可混用。 4. 主谓一致：each/either/neither 作主语时，谓语动词用单数；both/all 修饰复数名词时，谓语用复数。 一、单项选择 1．（24-25七年级上·全国·单元测试）This is a photo of ________ family. ________ a nice photo. A．he; Its B．his; Its C．his; It’s D．he; It’s 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是他的全家福。这是一张漂亮的照片。 考查代词用法。he“他”，人称代词主格；Its“它的”，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；his“他的”，形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词；It’s“它是”，为It和is的缩写。第一空，根据“a photo of … family”可知，此处是指他的全家福，应用形容词性物主代词his修饰名词“family”，排除A和D；第二空，根据“… a nice photo.”可知，这里是指它是一张漂亮的照片，句子缺少主语和谓语，应用“It’s”，排除B。故选C。 2．（2023·山东东营·中考真题）—Lily, put your books into your schoolbag. —They’re not ________. They are Lucy’s. A．his B．hers C．mine D．yours 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——莉莉，把你的书放进书包里。——它们不是我的。它们是露西的。 考查名词性物主代词。his他的；hers她的；mine我的；yours你的。根据“Lily, put your books into your schoolbag.”可知答话的人就是莉莉，要表示“不是我的（书包）”，用mine。故选C。 3．（2025·江苏宿迁·三模）Tomorrow is my mother’s birthday, my sister and I are going to give ________ a big surprise. A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：明天是我妈妈的生日，我姐姐和我精要给她一个大惊喜。 考查人称代词。she她，主格；her她的，宾格；hers她的名词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词。根据“my sister and I are going to give...a big surprise.”可知，动词后跟人称代词的宾格形式her。故选B。 4．（2023·江苏扬州·二模）—Who dropped the papers on the floor? —I don’t know. They’re not _________. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——谁把纸掉在地板上了？——我不知道。它们不是我的。 考查代词辨析。I我，主格；me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mime我的，名词性物主代词。根据“Who dropped the papers on the floor”和“They’re not…”可知这些纸不是我的，空格处缺少名词性物主代词，故选D。 5．（23-24九年级下·江苏无锡·月考）Many hands make the fire work. ________ will be achieved unless we work well together. A．Nothing B．Anything C．Something D．Everything 【答案】A 【详解】句意：人多力量大。如果我们合作不好，没有什么事能完成。 考查不定代词辨析。nothing没有什么；anything任何事情；something某些事情；everything所有事情。根据“…will be achieved unless we work well together.”可知，指的是如果合作不好，就没有什么事能够完成，nothing符合语境。故选A。 6．（2023·江苏宿迁·三模）I hope to be ________ excellent scientist just like Yan Ning when I grow up. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我希望长大后成为像严宁一样优秀的科学家。 考查冠词用法。根据“excellent scientist”可知，需要不定冠词表示泛指，excellent是元音音素开头的单词，an符合句意，故选B。 7．（2023·江苏常州·一模）Life is like _________ ocean. Only _________ strong-willed (意志坚强的) can reach the other side. A．a; the B．an; the C．the; a D．/; a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：生活就像是一个海洋，只有意志坚定的人才能到达彼岸。 考查冠词。a 一个（不定冠词）；an 一个（不定冠词）；the 这个（定冠词）；/ 零冠词。第一空泛指，表示数量，ocean以元音音素开头，故用an。第二空是“the + 形容词”表示一类人或一类物。故选B。 8．（2023·新疆·一模）There are many ways to protect you from COVID-19. One is to wear the mask well. ________ is to keep the safe distance from the crowd. A．Other B．The other C．Another D．Others 【答案】C 【详解】句意：有很多方法可以保护你免受新冠肺炎的侵害。一是要戴好口罩。另一个是与人群保持安全距离。 考查不定代词用法。Other其他的，形容词；The other两者中的另一个；Another另一个，形容词，三者及以上；Others其他的，名词。根据“…is to keep the safe distance from the crowd.”及“many ways”可知此处范围大于3个，用another“另一个”，故选C。 9．（2023·江苏宿迁·二模）He dreamed of becoming ________ ORBIS doctor to help people in poor areas in the world. A．a B．/ C．the D．an 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他梦想成为一名奥比斯医生，帮助世界上贫困地区的人们。 考查冠词用法。根据题干可知此处是表示泛指，且ORBIS以元音音素开头，应用an。故选D。 10．（2023·江苏宿迁·一模）My brother is 18 years old and he studies in ________ university. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我哥哥今年18岁，在一所大学学习。 考查冠词的用法。泛指“一所大学”，且university以辅音音素开头，空处用不定冠词a。故选A。 11．（2023·江苏宿迁·二模）—If I go to buy today’s newspaper, I will get ________ for you. —Thank you. It’s very kind of you! A．one B．this C．it D．that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——如果我去买今天的报纸，我会给你买一份。——谢谢你。你真是太好了！ 考查代词辨析。one一个，同类不同物；this这个；it它，同类又同物；that那个。此空与前文提到“today’s newspaper”属于同类不同物，故选A。 12．（2023·江苏连云港·二模）You can get ________ excellent result if you put your whole heart into the final exam. A．an B．a C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你全身心地投入期末考试，你就能取得优异的成绩。 考查冠词。an一个，不定冠词；a一个，不定冠词；the这、那，定冠词；/零冠词。此处指“一个优异的成绩”，表泛指，且excellent以元音音素开头，故选A。 13．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）—It’s said that Sam has ________ gift for dancing. —Yes, look, he is dancing subject three (科目三)! A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——据说萨姆有跳舞的天赋。——是的，看，他正在跳科目三。 考查冠词辨析。a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词之前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词之前；the这个，特指；/零冠词。have a gift for sth.“有某方面的天赋”，固定短语。故选A。 14．（2023·江苏常州·一模）We developed two new pills, but _______ of them proved to work well. A．neither B．none C．both D．all 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们研制了两种新药丸，但都没有效果。 考查代词辨析。neither两者都不；none（三者及以上）没有一个；both两者都是；all（三者及以上）都是。根据“two new pills”可知此处表示两者，根据“but”可知第二个分句与第一个分句存在语义上的转折，也就是“没有效果”，应用neither来指代。故选A。 15．（2023九年级·江苏·专题练习）It is _________ difficult question that ________ students can answer it. A．such; a few B．so; few C．such a; few D．so; a few 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是一个如此困难的问题，几乎没有学生能回答它。 考查不定代词辨析和结果状语从句。“so…that…和such…that…”都有“如此……以至于……”的意思，具体结构如下：（1）so+形容词副词+that+从句；（2）such a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that+句子；（3）such+形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数+that+句子。question问题，可数名词单数，可知第一空填such a。a few一些，修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定的意思；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数，表示否定的意思。根据上文“difficult”可知“几乎没有学生能回答它”，第二空填few。故选C。 二、完成句子 1. （2024·江苏无锡·一模）为了帮助运动员找到运动场馆，他们每隔几百米就设置一个指示牌。 In order to help athletes find sports venues, they set up signs ________________. 【答案】every few hundred meters 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“每隔几百米”；every意为“每隔”，few hundred meters意为“几百米”。注意hundred用单数，meter用复数。故填every few hundred meters。 2. （23-24九年级上·江苏常州·期中）我爷爷练习太极来给自己的身心带来安宁。 My grandpa does Tai Chi ________________. 【答案】to bring peace to his mind and body 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“来给自己的身心带来安宁”；bring…to…“给……带来……”，固定词组，此处表示目的，用不定式形式；peace“平静”，不可数名词；his mind and body“自己的身心”。故填to bring peace to his mind and body。 3. （23-24九年级上·江苏苏州·月考）现在他宁愿把时间花在功课上，也不上网了。 Now he ________________ spending it on the Internet. 【答案】prefers spending his time on his lessons to 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“宁愿把时间花在功课上，也不”；prefer doing…to doing…“宁愿做……也不愿做……”，固定词组，根据“now”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语为“he”，所以此处用三单形式；spend one’s time on sth.“花费时间做某事”，固定词组；lesson“课程”，此处用复数形式，表示概数概念。故填prefers spending his time on his lessons to。 4. （2024·江苏无锡·模拟预测）难以想象你当时能如此决定，这是何等勇敢。 I can’t imagine ________________ make such a decision at that time. 【答案】how brave you were to 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“你是何等勇敢”，how brave“何等勇敢”，you“你”，be“是”，根据“at that time”可知，此处应用一般过去时，be动词用were，空处为宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，be brave to do sth.“勇敢地做某事”，是固定搭配。故填how brave you were to。 5. （2024·天津·中考真题）我家乡的人们彼此很友好。 People in my home town are friendly to __________ __________. 【答案】 each other 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“彼此”。each other“彼此，互相”。故填each；other。 6. （2025·江苏无锡·一模）我的兄弟们经常骑自行车去上学。 My brothers often ________ ________ ________ to school. 【答案】 ride their bikes 【详解】根据汉语提示可知第一空缺少动词“骑”，译为“ride”，根据句意可知句子为一般现在时，主语“My brothers”是复数，动词用原形即可；主语是“My brothers”，因此是骑着他们的自行车，第二空缺少形容词性物主代词their“他们的”；第三空应用名词bike“自行车”，此处应用复数“bikes”表示类别。故填ride；their；bikes。 7. （2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）We are required to do some reading after class by our English teacher.(改为主动语态) Our English teacher ________ ________ to do some reading after class. 【答案】 requires us 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师要求我们课后进行一些阅读。原句是一般现在时的被动语态“We are required… by our English teacher”，改为主动语态时，将“our English teacher”作主语，谓语动词用“require”的一般现在时“requires”，符合主谓一致，宾语从“we”变为“us”。故填requires；us。 8. （2023·江苏无锡·二模）家长们想知道线上课程是否能让孩子们向优秀老师学习成为可能。 Parents want to know if the online course can ________ children to learn from the excellent teachers. 【答案】make it possible for 【详解】中英文对照可知，横线上缺的是“使……可能”make it possibe，这里it作形式宾语，“对于……”for。故填make it possible for。 9. （2024·江苏无锡·模拟预测）有些人拿自己的生活和别人比较，这是很不明智的。 It’s not wise for some people ________. 【答案】to compare their lives with others’ 【详解】根据中文提示可知，“拿自己的生活和别人比较”对应的英文表达是“compare one’s life with others’”，这里“some people”表示“一些人”，为了避免重复，用“their”指代“他们的”，即“compare their lives with others’”；“It is + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，本句中“It‘s not wise for some people”符合该句型结构，后面应接动词不定式。故填to compare their lives with others’。 10. （2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）All of my classmates like art. ( 改为否定句) ________ ________ my classmates likes art. 【答案】 None of 【详解】 句意：我的所有同学都喜欢艺术。all of my classmates“我的所有同学”，表示肯定含义，改为否定句时，用“none of my classmates”，意为“我的任何一个同学都不”，位于句首首字母要大写。故填None；of。 11. （2023·江苏常州·二模）你昨天缺席了那个会议非常可惜。 It’s ________________________ the meeting yesterday. 【答案】a pity that you were absent from/a pity for you to be absent from 【详解】“……非常可惜”为“It’s a pity that+从句”或“It’s a pity for sb. to do sth.”；“缺席”为be absent from，根据“yesterday”可知，从句用一般过去时，be动词使用were。故填a pity that you were absent from/a pity for you to be absent from。 12. （2024·江苏无锡·一模）这个女孩严以律己，以至于她做起事情来毫不费力。 The girl is so ________ things. 【答案】strict with herself that she has no difficulty doing 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，需用so...that...的句子结构，表示“太……以至于……”；be strict with sb“对某人严格”；主语为the girl，因此反身代词为herself；that引导结果状语从句；have/has no difficulty doing“做某事没有困难”，由于从句中的主语为三单she“她”，因此谓语用has。故填strict with herself that she has no difficulty doing。 13. （22-23八年级上·新疆乌鲁木齐·期中）There were some tigers in the mountains. （改为否定句） There ________ ________ tigers in the mountains. 【答案】 weren’t any 【详解】句意：山上有一些老虎。变否定句时在were后加not，were not=weren’t，把some改为any。故填weren’t；any。 14. （2025·江苏泰州·一模）The man who wears a blue shirt is our English teacher. The man ________ a blue shirt teaches ________ English. 【答案】 in us 【详解】句意：穿蓝色衬衣的那个男子是我们的英语老师。原句中who wears a blue shirt(穿着一件蓝色衬衣)是定语从句，修饰the man。变成同义句时，定语从句变成介词短语in a blue shirt(穿着一件蓝色衬衣)作定语修饰the man。故第一空填in。teach(教)是动词，后面常接人称代词的宾格作宾语。原句中的“our(我们的)”在同义句中变成了“us(我们)”。故第二空填us。故填in；us。 15. （2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）She spent two hours doing her homework. (同义句转换) It ________ her two hours ________ ________ her homework. 【答案】 took to do 【详解】句意：她花了两个小时做家庭作业。“spend + 时间 + doing sth.”和“It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth.”都表示“某人花费时间做某事”，原句是一般过去时，所以这里“take”要用过去式“took”。故填took；to；do。 三、语法填空 Passage 1 （2025·江苏苏州·模拟预测）请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As a kind of traditional Chinese dress, mamianqun (horse-face skirt) first appeared in the Song dynasty and 1 (grow) popular during the Ming dynasty. Why is it called “mamian”? In fact, “mamian” is a kind of structure 2 (use) for protection in the city wall system. 3 , all the books about mamianaun only show that the smooth surface without pleats (褶) in the middle is called “mamian”. But there is no 4 (far).explanation of how mamianqun got 5 (it) name. Mamianqun is 6 (most) red. Red means good luck and joy. According to Han customs, women usually wore red skirts during celebrations of 7 (festival). Mamianqun has different kinds of patterns with different meanings. For example, dragon and phoenix (凤凰) patterns show the love 8 a man and a woman or a beautiful marriage. Peonies are 9 symbol of wealth and honour. Recently, some designers combine (结合) the styles of mamianqun with T-shirts or blouses, which are more 10 (suit) for everyday wear. 【答案】 1. grew 2. used 3. However 4. further 5. its 6. mostly 7. festivals 8. between 9. a 10. suitable 【导语】本文介绍了中国传统服饰马面裙的历史、名称由来、颜色和图案的象征意义，以及现代设计师如何将其与日常服饰结合。 1. 句意：马面裙作为一种中国传统服饰，首次出现在宋代，并在明代流行起来。根据时间状语during the Ming dynasty可知，此处需用一般过去时grew。故填grew。 2. 句意：事实上，“马面”是城墙系统中用于保护的一种结构。structure结构，名词，此处需用过去分词used作后置定语，修饰structure。故填used。 3. 句意：然而，所有关于马面裙的书籍只显示中间没有褶的光滑表面被称为“马面”。根据“In fact, ‘mamian’ is a kind of structure...(use) for protection in the city wall system.”和“all the books about mamianaun only show that the smooth surface without pleats (褶) in the middle is called ‘mamian’.”可知，此处表示转折，需用副词However，句首字母大写。故填However。 4. 句意：但没有进一步解释马面裙是如何得名的。esplanation解释，名词。此处需用形容词比较级further表示“进一步的”，作定语修饰expanation。故填further。 5. 句意：但没有进一步解释马面裙是如何得名的。name名字，名词。此处需用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词name。故填its。 6. 句意：马面裙大多是红色的。red红色的，形容词。此处需用副词mostly修饰形容词red。故填mostly。 7. 句意：根据汉族习俗，女性通常在节日庆祝活动中穿红色裙子。此处表示泛指，需用名词复数festivals表示“节日”。故填festivals。 8. 句意：例如，龙凤图案象征着男女之间的爱情或美好的婚姻。根据“symbol of wealth and honour.”可知，此处需用介词between表示“两者之间”。故填between。 9. 句意：牡丹是财富和荣誉的象征。根据“symbol of wealth and honour.”可知，此处需用不定冠词a表示“一种”。故填a。 10. 句意：最近，一些设计师将马面裙的风格与T恤或衬衫结合，使其更适合日常穿着。be suitable for适于做某事，固定搭配故填suitable。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·全国·课后作业） The movie Ne Zha is really cool to watch. It also tells us a lot about 1 (friend) and teamwork. At first, Ne Zha was all alone. The villagers were afraid 2 him and didn’t like him 3 they thought he was a demon (魔鬼). But then, Ao Bing, a young dragon prince, 4 (become) his only friend. They started being friends when they had a fun fight at a festival. Ne Zha was a human with demon powers, and Ao Bing was a dragon. Even though they were so different, they understood and helped each other. When big trouble came, the two friends faced it 5 (brave) together. The villagers were in great danger, and only Ne Zha and Ao Bing could save them. But they had to go against 6 their families said. Ne Zha’s family wanted him 7 (stay) safe, and Ao Bing’s family wanted him to destroy the village. 8 for the villagers and their friendship, they decided to work together. They used 9 (they) powers together. Ne Zha used his Wind-Fire Wheels and Universe Ring, and Ao Bing used his ice magic. With teamwork, they stopped the big disaster. From Ne Zha, we can learn that real friendship can beat any 10 (different). Teamwork gives us the power to face big challenges. It shows us that if we stay with our friends, we can do the impossible. 【答案】 1. friendship 2. of 3. because 4. became 5. bravely 6. what 7. to stay 8. But 9. their 10. difference 【导语】本文通过讲述电影《哪吒》中的故事情节，描述了哪吒和敖丙的友谊以及他们如何通过团队合作克服困难的过程。 1. 句意：它也告诉了我们很多关于友谊和团队合作的事情。根据“and teamwork”和下文“real friendship”可知，此处是指友谊和团队合作，应将friend改为friendship“友谊”，不可数名词，与“teamwork”形成并列。故填friendship。 2. 句意：村民们害怕他，并且不喜欢他，因为他们认为他是一个魔鬼。be afraid of“害怕……”，形容词短语。故填of。 3. 句意：村民们害怕他，并且不喜欢他，因为他们认为他是一个魔鬼。分析句子结构可知，“they thought he was a demon”是“the villagers didn’t like him”的原因，应用连词because“因为”引导原因状语从句。故填because。 4. 句意：但是后来，年轻的龙王太子敖丙成为了他唯一的朋友。根据语境可知，句子时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式became。故填became。 5. 句意：当大麻烦到来时，这两个朋友勇敢地一起面对它。分析句子结构可知，这里应用形容词brave的副词形式bravely“勇敢地”，在句中作状语，修饰动词“faced”。故填bravely。 6. 句意：但是他们不得不违背他们家人所说的话。against是介词，后接宾语从句，从句中“said”缺少宾语，所以用“what”引导宾语从句，指代他们家人所说的内容。故填what。 7. 句意：哪吒的家人希望他能保证安全，敖丙的家人希望他毁掉村庄。want sb. to do sth.“想要某人做某事”，固定搭配，所以此处应用动词不定式to stay。故填to stay。 8. 句意：但是为了村民和他们的友谊，他们决定一起合作。根据语境可知，前文提到他们家人的不同期望，后文说他们为了村民和友谊决定合作，前后是转折关系，应用but引导句子，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填But。 9. 句意：他们一起使用他们的力量。空后为名词“powers”，应用they的形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，在句中作定语，修饰名词“powers”。故填their。 10. 句意：从《哪吒》这部电影中，我们可以了解到真正的友谊可以战胜任何差异。根据空前“any”可知，此处是指任何差异，应用形容词different的名词单数形式difference“差异”。故填difference。 Passage 3 （24-25九年级下·江苏徐州·月考）用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 Life on Mars would be very different from life on Earth. It would be also 1 (amaze). There are many challenges we need to face. The journey to Mars is long and dangerous. 2 temperature on Mars can vary (变化) greatly, from very cold at night to relatively (相对地) warm during the day. We 3 need to find ways to get enough water and food. Growing food on Mars is a big challenge. The soil on Mars is different from that on Earth, and we need to develop specially methods to grow crops. Food on Mars would most 4 (probable) be in the form of pills, so food on earth should be much 5 (tasty). It’s important for us 6 (prepare) for the challenges of living on Mars and make it a sustainable (可持续的) place to live. Scientists 7 (work) on a project about Mars over the past two years. They hope to make some new 8 (discover). I often watches space-related programs. A speech contest 9 (hold) about life on Mars in our class the other day. I have been interested in space 10 I was a child. I was so excited to take part in it! 【答案】 1. amazing 2. The 3. also 4. probably 5. tastier 6. to prepare 7. have worked 8. discoveries 9. was held 10. since 【导语】本文介绍了未来在火星上的生活。 1. 句意：这也将是惊人的。根据“It would be also”可知，此处填形容词amazing“令人惊奇的”，作表语。故填amazing。 2. 句意：火星上的温度变化很大，从夜间非常寒冷到白天相对温暖。特指火星上的温度，需用定冠词“The”。故填The。 3. 句意：我们还需要想办法获得足够的水和食物。前文提到旅程危险，此处表示“还需要”解决水与食物问题，用副词“also”修饰动词need。故填also。 4. 句意：火星上的食物很可能以药丸的形式存在，所以地球上的食物应该要美味得多。修饰动词“be”，需副词形式，probable的副词为probably。故填probably。 5. 句意：火星上的食物很可能以药丸的形式存在，所以地球上的食物应该要美味得多。根据“much”可知，此处用比较级结构“much+比较级”，tasty的比较级为tastier。故填tastier。 6. 句意：对我们来说，为在火星上生活的挑战做好准备并使其成为一个可持续的居住地是很重要的。该句考查固定句型“It’s important for sb to do sth”，需填不定式to prepare。故填to prepare。 7. 句意：在过去的两年里，科学家们一直致力于一个关于火星的项目。根据“over the past two years”可知，该句是现在完成时，主语是“Scientists”，故填have worked。 8. 句意：他们希望有一些新的发现。动词discover的名词为discovery，some接复数形式discoveries。故填discoveries。 9. 句意：前几天我们班举行了一场关于火星生活的演讲比赛。时间“the other day”为过去，且演讲比赛是被举办，需一般过去时的被动语态was held。故填was held。 10. 句意：我自小就对太空很感兴趣。主句为现在完成时，根据“I was a child”可知，此处指的是从小就对太空很感兴趣，需用since引导时间状语从句。故填since。 Passage 4 （2025·江苏宿迁·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Bai Juyi was a very famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. People call 1 (he) “the King of Poets”. Bai Juyi was born into a family of scholars (学者) in 772 in Xinzheng of Henan Province. 2 he was a little kid, he was really smart. Before he could speak, he could recognize Chinese characters. He 3 (begin) to write poems at the age of five. By the time he was nine, he had already been excellent at 4 (write) poetry. When Bai Juyi grew up, he became 5 office worker in the Tang Dynasty. But in 815, some people who didn’t like him said bad things about him. So he was sent to a lower position and went to Jiangzhou. Bai Juyi was very sad. One day, when he was walking by a river, he heard a young woman 6 (play) really nice music. He found out that before she got married, the woman had a happy life as a 7 (sing) and a pipa player. Now, her husband was always away 8 business to support the family, so she was often alone. Then Bai Juyi wrote a very beautiful long poem 9 (call) The Song of the Pipa. It was about the nice music she played and her life story. Many of Bai Juyi’s poems are still very famous now. Even little kids can 10 (remember) and recite some of them. 【答案】 1. him 2. When 3. began 4. writing 5. an 6. playing 7. singer 8. on 9. called 10. remember 【导语】本文主要介绍了唐代著名诗人白居易的生平事迹，包括他的成长经历、官场生涯以及他在逆境中创作的著名诗篇《琵琶行》。 1. 句意：人们称他为“诗王”。call sb sth“称呼某人为……”，空处位于动词call后指代白居易，填代词宾格。he“他”，主格，其宾格为him。故填him。 2. 句意：当他还是个小孩子的时候，他就非常聪明。根据“he was really smart”可知，此处指他还小的时候，就很聪明。when“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填When。 3. 句意：他在五岁时就开始写诗。根据“to write poems at the age of five”可知，原句是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式began“开始”。故填began。 4. 句意：到他九岁的时候，他已经非常擅长写诗了。at是介词，后跟动名词作宾语，应用writing。故填writing。 5. 句意：白居易长大后，成为了唐朝的一名官员。此处是泛指一名官员，应用不定冠词，office以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 6. 句意：有一天，当他在河边散步时，他听到一个年轻女子演奏了非常美妙的音乐。根据“when he was walking by a river”可知是听到女子正在演奏音乐，hear sb doing sth“听到某人正在做某事”，应用playing。故填playing。 7. 句意：他发现这个女人在结婚前曾是一名歌手和琵琶演奏者，过着幸福的生活。空处位于a后，填可数名词单数作宾语；根据“a pipa player”可知，这个女人不仅是琵琶演奏者还是歌手。sing“唱歌”，动词，其名词为singer“歌手”，可数名词。故填singer。 8. 句意：现在，她丈夫总是出差养家，所以她经常独自一人。on business“出差”，固定短语。故填on。 9. 句意：然后白居易写了一首非常优美的长诗《琵琶行》。根据“The Song of the Pipa”可知，这首诗被叫做《琵琶行》，用动词call过去分词called作后置定语。故填called。 10. 句意：即使是小孩子也能记住并背诵其中的一些。can后跟动词原形。故填remember。 Passage 5 （2025·江苏南通·一模）Zu Chongzhi is one of the greatest mathematicians in ancient China. He was born during the Northern and Southern 1 (dynasty). His family were very talented. They had been studying maths and astronomy for generations (世代). From a young age, Zu 2 (teach) natural science, astronomy, maths, philosophy and so on. The little boy was interested in all of these subjects, especially in maths. Zu was best known for his calculation of pi. According to historical records, he did all the work using nothing but 3 (wood) sticks. It took him lots of time to work out the value (值)—between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. No one at that time was able to calculate it more accurately (精确地) than Zu. The 4 (achieve) has been recognized around the world. In order to remember Zu, some mathematicians have suggested calling pi Zu Lü (祖率). Zu was also known for 5 (work) out how to calculate the volume (体积) of a sphere. He did this with the help of his son Zu Geng. The two recorded 6 (they) achievement in Zhui Shu. The book was used as a maths textbook during the Tang Dynasty. Zu was 7 (success) not only in maths but in astronomy. He worked out that a year should be 365.24281481 days long and created the Daming Calendar. But unfortunately, the great 8 (math) never saw his calendar put into use. After he passed away, Zu Geng kept on proving that the new calendar was more accurate. Almost ten years later, the Daming Calendar was 9 (final) accepted. Zu was also an 10 (invent). He once made a vehicle that carried a pointer. No matter how the vehicle turned, the pointer always pointed to the south. Zu also invented a special kind of boat. The boat could travel 100 li (about 50 kilometres) in a day. 【答案】 1. dynasties 2. was taught 3. wooden 4. achievement 5. working 6. their 7. successful 8. mathematician 9. finally 10. inventor 【导语】本文主要介绍了数学家祖冲之。 1. 句意：他出生于南北朝时期。根据“the Northern and Southern”可知，此处应用dynasty的复数形式dynasties。故填dynasties。 2. 句意：从很小的时候起，祖冲之就被教授自然科学、天文学、数学、哲学等。此处表示祖冲之被教导，且时态为一般过去时，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were done，主语Zu表示第三人称单数，be动词用was，teach的过去分词为taught。故填was taught。 3. 句意：根据历史记录，他仅用木棍完成了所有计算。根据“sticks”可知，此处应用wood的形容词形式wooden，在句中作定语。故填wooden。 4. 句意：这一成就已得到全世界的认可。achieve是动词，此处需用其名词形式achievement，在句中作主语。故填achievement。 5. 句意：祖冲之还因算出如何计算球体体积而闻名。for为介词，此处应用work的动名词形式working，在句中作宾语。故填working。 6. 句意：父子俩在《缀术》中记录了他们的成就。根据“achievement”可知，此处应用they的形容词性物主代词their修饰。故填their。 7. 句意：祖冲之不仅在数学上取得了成功，在天文学上也是如此。根据“Zu was”可知，此处应用success的形容词形式successful，在句中作表语。故填successful。 8. 句意：但不幸的是，这位伟大的数学家从未看到他的历法被投入使用。根据“the great…never saw”可知，此处表示祖冲之本人，应用表示职业的名词mathematician“数学家”，且要用单数形式。故填mathematician。 9. 句意：将近十年后，《大明历》最终被接受。final是形容词，此处应用其副词形式finally，修饰动词accepted。故填finally。 10. 句意：祖冲之还是一位发明家。根据an可知，此处应用invent的名词单数形式inventor“发明家”，介绍他的身份信息。故填inventor。 Passage 6 （2025·江苏常州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In today’s world, Chinese and foreign cultures are mixing more and more. China has a long history and rich traditions, which provide 1 good environment for cultural exchange, Chinese culture 2 (influence) the world in many ways for quite a long time. From ancient 3 (invent) like paper and printing to the spread of Chinese food and kung fu, these contributions show the creativity and wisdom of Chinese people, and they continue to inspire others. For example, Chinese tea culture has reached many countries, becoming a symbol of peace and relaxation. At the same time, Western music and art have also become popular in China, mixing with traditional Chinese styles 4 (create) something new and exciting. This cultural exchange 5 (satisfy) people’s interests and makes life more colorful. It also helps people understand and respect each other 6 (good). Still, some people may feel 7 (sure) about how to keep their own culture while accepting others. The key is to be confident in our culture. We can value our traditions while learning from other cultures. China's cultural confidence means sharing our culture with the world 8 learning from others too. This balance is important for building a peaceful and united world. 9 the end, cultural mixing is not about losing who we are but about growing together. As culture is 10 (spread) and we learn from each other, we can build a more connected and understanding world. This is the beauty of cultural mixing—it brings people closer and enriches everyone's lives. 【答案】 1. a 2. has influenced 3. inventions 4. to create 5. satisfies 6. better 7. unsure 8. and 9. In 10. spreading/spread 【导语】本文探讨了当今世界中中国文化与外国文化的融合现象。 1. 句意：中国有着悠久的历史和丰富的传统，这为文化交流提供了一个良好的环境。根据“good environment”可知，此处表示泛指一个良好的环境，且good以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词“a”修饰。故填a。 2. 句意：中国文化在很长时间内以多种方式影响了世界。根据“for quite a long time”可知，此处描述的是从过去一直持续到现在的动作，因此用现在完成时“has influenced”。故填has influenced。 3. 句意：从古代的发明如纸和印刷术到中国食品和功夫的传播。根据“like paper and printing”可知，此处指的是像纸和印刷术这样的发明，且不止一个，因此用复数形式“inventions”。故填inventions。 4. 句意：同时，西方音乐和艺术也在中国流行起来，与中国传统风格相结合，创造出新的、令人兴奋的东西。根据“mixing with traditional Chinese styles”可知，此处表示目的，即结合中国传统风格以创造出新的、令人兴奋的东西，因此用不定式“to create”作目的状语。故填to create。 5. 句意：这种文化交流满足了人们的兴趣，使生活更加丰富多彩。根据“This cultural exchange”可知，此处描述的是一般事实，因此用一般现在时，且主语为单数，因此用动词三单形式“satisfies”。故填satisfies。 6. 句意：它也有助于人们更好地理解和尊重彼此。根据“understand and respect each other”可知，此处表示更好地理解彼此，因此用副词比较级“better”修饰动词。故填better。 7. 句意：然而，一些人可能对自己在接受他人文化的同时如何保持自己的文化感到不确定。根据“about how to keep their own culture while accepting others”可知，此处表示不确定如何保持自己的文化，因此用形容词“unsure”作表语。故填unsure。 8. 句意：中国的文化自信意味着与世界分享我们的文化，同时也向他人学习。根据“sharing our culture with the world”和“learning from others too”可知，此处表示并列关系，即与世界分享我们的文化，同时也向他人学习，因此用连词“and”。故填and。 9. 句意：最后，文化融合不是关于失去我们是谁，而是关于共同成长。根据“the end”可知，此处表示“最后”，因此用介词“in”。故填In。 10. 句意：随着文化的传播，我们相互学习，我们可以建立一个更加紧密和理解的世界。根据“As culture is”可知，此处描述的是正在进行的动作，因此用现在进行时“spreading”；或者表示一般事实，用一般现在时的被动语态“is spread”。故填spreading/spread。 3 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $中考核心语法精练 专题06 冠词&代词-中考核心语法（江苏专用） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 中考模拟提升 一、冠词核心语法表格 本表梳理不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词的核心用法、典型场景及易错点，明确冠词使用边界，助力精准判断。 冠词类型 核心用法 典型例句 易错提醒 不定冠词（a/an） 1. 泛指单数可数名词，表 “一个”；2. 首次提及人 / 物；3. 职业名称前；4. 固定搭配 a book、an hour、a university、an honest boy、have a good time 1. 看 “音素” 不看字母（an hour，h 不发音）；2. 辅音音素开头用 a（a European），元音音素开头用 an 定冠词（the） 1. 特指双方熟悉 / 上文提及的人 / 物；2. 世界独一无二事物前；3. 序数词 / 最高级前；4. 乐器 / 江河 / 山脉 / 群岛前；5. 单数可数名词表一类事物；6. 固定搭配 the sun、the first day、play the piano、the Yangtze River、the panda is cute、in the morning 1. 最高级前有物主代词时不用 the（my best friend）；2. 人名 / 普通地名前不用 the（Beijing，Tom） 零冠词 1. 复数 / 不可数名词泛指；2. 专有名词（人名 / 地名 / 节日 / 月份 / 星期）前；3. 三餐 / 球类 / 棋类 / 学科 / 语言前；4. 固定搭配 Dogs are loyal、go to school、have breakfast、play basketball、I like math、at home 1. 三餐前有形容词修饰需加 a/an（a big breakfast）；2. 由普通名词构成的专有名词需加 the（the Great Wall） 使用注意事项 1. 冠词与名词的匹配：不定冠词仅修饰单数可数名词，复数名词和不可数名词泛指时用零冠词。 2. 固定搭配记忆：区分 “带冠词” 与 “零冠词” 的搭配（如 have a fever vs have breakfast），避免混淆。 3. 语境判断优先级：先判断 “泛指 / 特指”，再看名词属性（单复数 / 专有名词），最后核对固定搭配。 二、代词分类及核心用法表格 本表明确各类代词的形式、功能及典型用法，解决代词指代和语法功能问题。 代词 核心形式 语法功能 典型例句 人称代词 主格：I/you/he/she/it/we/they；宾格：me/you/him/her/it/us/them 主格作主语；宾格作及物动词 / 介词宾语 He is a student.（主格）；Give it to me.（宾格） 物主代词 形容词性：my/your/his/her/its/our/their；名词性：mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs 形容词性后接名词（作定语）；名词性不接名词（作主语 / 宾语 / 表语） This is my book.（形容词性）；This book is mine.（名词性） 反身代词 myself/yourself/yourselves/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/themselves 作宾语（动作反射到主语）、同位语（强调主语） He hurt himself.（宾语）；She herself finished the work.（同位语） 指示代词 单数：this（近指）、that（远指）；复数：these（近指）、those（远指） 指代人 / 物，可作主语 / 宾语 / 定语；that/those 可代替前文名词避免重复 This is a pen.（主语）；These apples are bigger than those.（代替前文 apples） 不定代词 普通：some/any、few/a few、little/a little；限定：each/every、both/all、either/neither 修饰名词或单独使用，指代不确定的人 / 物 / 数量 Some are good.（单独使用）；a few books（修饰名词） 疑问代词 what/who/whom/whose/which 用于特殊疑问句，作主语 / 宾语 / 定语 / 表语 Who is he?（主语）；Whose book is this?（定语） it 的特殊用法 —— 1. 形式主 / 宾语（代替不定式 / 从句）；2. 指代天气 / 时间 / 距离；3. 强调句型 It’s important to study.（形式主语）；It’s rainy today.（指代天气）；It was yesterday that I met her.（强调句型） 使用注意事项 1. 人称代词宾格陷阱：介词（between/with/for 等）后必须用人称代词宾格（between you and me）。 2. 物主代词区分：空后有名词用形容词性，空后无名词用名词性（This is yours，不可说 This is your）。 3. 反身代词匹配：需与主语人称、数一致（We taught ourselves，不可说 We taught himself）。 4. it 的强调句型：去掉 “It is/was + that/who” 后句子结构完整，否则不是强调句。 三、易混代词辨析核心语法表格 本表针对高频易混代词，拆解核心差异，搭配典型例句，助力快速区分用法边界。 易混词组 核心差异 典型例句对比 some vs any some：肯定句 / 委婉请求 / 建议；any：否定句 / 疑问句 / 肯定句表 “任意” ① I have some books.（肯定句）；② Would you like some tea?（委婉请求）；③ There isn’t any milk.（否定句）；④ Any student can answer.（肯定句表任意） few/a few vs little/a little few/a few：修饰可数名词；little/a little：修饰不可数名词；a 表肯定（有一些），无 a 表否定（几乎没有） ① There are a few eggs.（可数肯定）；② There are few eggs.（可数否定）；③ There is a little milk.（不可数肯定）；④ There is little milk.（不可数否定） each vs every each：两者 / 三者 +，可单独使用；every：三者 +，仅作定语；each 强调个体，every 强调整体 ① Each of the two girls is tall.（两者，单独使用）；② Every student works hard.（三者 +，作定语） both vs all both：两者都，谓语用复数；all：三者 + 都，修饰复数名词谓语用复数，修饰不可数名词谓语用单数 ① Both of them are my friends.（两者）；② All students passed the exam.（三者 +，复数名词）；③ All water is clean.（不可数名词，谓语单数） either vs neither either：两者任一，谓语用单数；neither：两者都不，谓语用单数（否定） ① Either pen is OK.（两者任一）；② Neither of the girls likes swimming.（两者都不） 使用注意事项 1. some/any 灵活运用：委婉请求、希望得到肯定回答的疑问句用 some，普通疑问句用 any。 2. 否定语气判断：few/little 表否定，隐含 “需要补充”；a few/a little 表肯定，隐含 “数量足够”。 3. 范围匹配：both/either/neither 仅用于两者，all/every 用于三者及以上，不可混用。 4. 主谓一致：each/either/neither 作主语时，谓语动词用单数；both/all 修饰复数名词时，谓语用复数。 一、单项选择 1．（24-25七年级上·全国·单元测试）This is a photo of ________ family. ________ a nice photo. A．he; Its B．his; Its C．his; It’s D．he; It’s 2．（2023·山东东营·中考真题）—Lily, put your books into your schoolbag. —They’re not ________. They are Lucy’s. A．his B．hers C．mine D．yours 3．（2025·江苏宿迁·三模）Tomorrow is my mother’s birthday, my sister and I are going to give ________ a big surprise. A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 4．（2023·江苏扬州·二模）—Who dropped the papers on the floor? —I don’t know. They’re not _________. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 5．（23-24九年级下·江苏无锡·月考）Many hands make the fire work. ________ will be achieved unless we work well together. A．Nothing B．Anything C．Something D．Everything 6．（2023·江苏宿迁·三模）I hope to be ________ excellent scientist just like Yan Ning when I grow up. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 7．（2023·江苏常州·一模）Life is like _________ ocean. Only _________ strong-willed (意志坚强的) can reach the other side. A．a; the B．an; the C．the; a D．/; a 8．（2023·新疆·一模）There are many ways to protect you from COVID-19. One is to wear the mask well. ________ is to keep the safe distance from the crowd. A．Other B．The other C．Another D．Others 9．（2023·江苏宿迁·二模）He dreamed of becoming ________ ORBIS doctor to help people in poor areas in the world. A．a B．/ C．the D．an 10．（2023·江苏宿迁·一模）My brother is 18 years old and he studies in ________ university. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 11．（2023·江苏宿迁·二模）—If I go to buy today’s newspaper, I will get ________ for you. —Thank you. It’s very kind of you! A．one B．this C．it D．that 12．（2023·江苏连云港·二模）You can get ________ excellent result if you put your whole heart into the final exam. A．an B．a C．the D．/ 13．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）—It’s said that Sam has ________ gift for dancing. —Yes, look, he is dancing subject three (科目三)! A．a B．an C．the D．/ 14．（2023·江苏常州·一模）We developed two new pills, but _______ of them proved to work well. A．neither B．none C．both D．all 15．（2023九年级·江苏·专题练习）It is _________ difficult question that ________ students can answer it. A．such; a few B．so; few C．such a; few D．so; a few 二、完成句子 1. （2024·江苏无锡·一模）为了帮助运动员找到运动场馆，他们每隔几百米就设置一个指示牌。 In order to help athletes find sports venues, they set up signs ________________. 2. （23-24九年级上·江苏常州·期中）我爷爷练习太极来给自己的身心带来安宁。 My grandpa does Tai Chi ________________. 3. （23-24九年级上·江苏苏州·月考）现在他宁愿把时间花在功课上，也不上网了。 Now he ________________ spending it on the Internet. 4. （2024·江苏无锡·模拟预测）难以想象你当时能如此决定，这是何等勇敢。 I can’t imagine ________________ make such a decision at that time. 5. （2024·天津·中考真题）我家乡的人们彼此很友好。 People in my home town are friendly to __________ __________. 6. （2025·江苏无锡·一模）我的兄弟们经常骑自行车去上学。 My brothers often ________ ________ ________ to school. 7. （2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）We are required to do some reading after class by our English teacher.(改为主动语态) Our English teacher ________ ________ to do some reading after class. 8. （2023·江苏无锡·二模）家长们想知道线上课程是否能让孩子们向优秀老师学习成为可能。 Parents want to know if the online course can ________ children to learn from the excellent teachers. 9. （2024·江苏无锡·模拟预测）有些人拿自己的生活和别人比较，这是很不明智的。 It’s not wise for some people ________. 10. （2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）All of my classmates like art. ( 改为否定句) ________ ________ my classmates likes art. 11. （2023·江苏常州·二模）你昨天缺席了那个会议非常可惜。 It’s ________________________ the meeting yesterday. 12. （2024·江苏无锡·一模）这个女孩严以律己，以至于她做起事情来毫不费力。 The girl is so ________ things. 13. （22-23八年级上·新疆乌鲁木齐·期中）There were some tigers in the mountains. （改为否定句） There ________ ________ tigers in the mountains. 14. （2025·江苏泰州·一模）The man who wears a blue shirt is our English teacher. The man ________ a blue shirt teaches ________ English. 15. （2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）She spent two hours doing her homework. (同义句转换) It ________ her two hours ________ ________ her homework. 三、语法填空 Passage 1 （2025·江苏苏州·模拟预测）请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As a kind of traditional Chinese dress, mamianqun (horse-face skirt) first appeared in the Song dynasty and 1 (grow) popular during the Ming dynasty. Why is it called “mamian”? In fact, “mamian” is a kind of structure 2 (use) for protection in the city wall system. 3 , all the books about mamianaun only show that the smooth surface without pleats (褶) in the middle is called “mamian”. But there is no 4 (far).explanation of how mamianqun got 5 (it) name. Mamianqun is 6 (most) red. Red means good luck and joy. According to Han customs, women usually wore red skirts during celebrations of 7 (festival). Mamianqun has different kinds of patterns with different meanings. For example, dragon and phoenix (凤凰) patterns show the love 8 a man and a woman or a beautiful marriage. Peonies are 9 symbol of wealth and honour. Recently, some designers combine (结合) the styles of mamianqun with T-shirts or blouses, which are more 10 (suit) for everyday wear. Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·全国·课后作业） The movie Ne Zha is really cool to watch. It also tells us a lot about 1 (friend) and teamwork. At first, Ne Zha was all alone. The villagers were afraid 2 him and didn’t like him 3 they thought he was a demon (魔鬼). But then, Ao Bing, a young dragon prince, 4 (become) his only friend. They started being friends when they had a fun fight at a festival. Ne Zha was a human with demon powers, and Ao Bing was a dragon. Even though they were so different, they understood and helped each other. When big trouble came, the two friends faced it 5 (brave) together. The villagers were in great danger, and only Ne Zha and Ao Bing could save them. But they had to go against 6 their families said. Ne Zha’s family wanted him 7 (stay) safe, and Ao Bing’s family wanted him to destroy the village. 8 for the villagers and their friendship, they decided to work together. They used 9 (they) powers together. Ne Zha used his Wind-Fire Wheels and Universe Ring, and Ao Bing used his ice magic. With teamwork, they stopped the big disaster. From Ne Zha, we can learn that real friendship can beat any 10 (different). Teamwork gives us the power to face big challenges. It shows us that if we stay with our friends, we can do the impossible. Passage 3 （24-25九年级下·江苏徐州·月考）用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 Life on Mars would be very different from life on Earth. It would be also 1 (amaze). There are many challenges we need to face. The journey to Mars is long and dangerous. 2 temperature on Mars can vary (变化) greatly, from very cold at night to relatively (相对地) warm during the day. We 3 need to find ways to get enough water and food. Growing food on Mars is a big challenge. The soil on Mars is different from that on Earth, and we need to develop specially methods to grow crops. Food on Mars would most 4 (probable) be in the form of pills, so food on earth should be much 5 (tasty). It’s important for us 6 (prepare) for the challenges of living on Mars and make it a sustainable (可持续的) place to live. Scientists 7 (work) on a project about Mars over the past two years. They hope to make some new 8 (discover). I often watches space-related programs. A speech contest 9 (hold) about life on Mars in our class the other day. I have been interested in space 10 I was a child. I was so excited to take part in it! Passage 4 （2025·江苏宿迁·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Bai Juyi was a very famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. People call 1 (he) “the King of Poets”. Bai Juyi was born into a family of scholars (学者) in 772 in Xinzheng of Henan Province. 2 he was a little kid, he was really smart. Before he could speak, he could recognize Chinese characters. He 3 (begin) to write poems at the age of five. By the time he was nine, he had already been excellent at 4 (write) poetry. When Bai Juyi grew up, he became 5 office worker in the Tang Dynasty. But in 815, some people who didn’t like him said bad things about him. So he was sent to a lower position and went to Jiangzhou. Bai Juyi was very sad. One day, when he was walking by a river, he heard a young woman 6 (play) really nice music. He found out that before she got married, the woman had a happy life as a 7 (sing) and a pipa player. Now, her husband was always away 8 business to support the family, so she was often alone. Then Bai Juyi wrote a very beautiful long poem 9 (call) The Song of the Pipa. It was about the nice music she played and her life story. Many of Bai Juyi’s poems are still very famous now. Even little kids can 10 (remember) and recite some of them. Passage 5 （2025·江苏南通·一模）Zu Chongzhi is one of the greatest mathematicians in ancient China. He was born during the Northern and Southern 1 (dynasty). His family were very talented. They had been studying maths and astronomy for generations (世代). From a young age, Zu 2 (teach) natural science, astronomy, maths, philosophy and so on. The little boy was interested in all of these subjects, especially in maths. Zu was best known for his calculation of pi. According to historical records, he did all the work using nothing but 3 (wood) sticks. It took him lots of time to work out the value (值)—between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. No one at that time was able to calculate it more accurately (精确地) than Zu. The 4 (achieve) has been recognized around the world. In order to remember Zu, some mathematicians have suggested calling pi Zu Lü (祖率). Zu was also known for 5 (work) out how to calculate the volume (体积) of a sphere. He did this with the help of his son Zu Geng. The two recorded 6 (they) achievement in Zhui Shu. The book was used as a maths textbook during the Tang Dynasty. Zu was 7 (success) not only in maths but in astronomy. He worked out that a year should be 365.24281481 days long and created the Daming Calendar. But unfortunately, the great 8 (math) never saw his calendar put into use. After he passed away, Zu Geng kept on proving that the new calendar was more accurate. Almost ten years later, the Daming Calendar was 9 (final) accepted. Zu was also an 10 (invent). He once made a vehicle that carried a pointer. No matter how the vehicle turned, the pointer always pointed to the south. Zu also invented a special kind of boat. The boat could travel 100 li (about 50 kilometres) in a day. Passage 6 （2025·江苏常州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In today’s world, Chinese and foreign cultures are mixing more and more. China has a long history and rich traditions, which provide 1 good environment for cultural exchange, Chinese culture 2 (influence) the world in many ways for quite a long time. From ancient 3 (invent) like paper and printing to the spread of Chinese food and kung fu, these contributions show the creativity and wisdom of Chinese people, and they continue to inspire others. For example, Chinese tea culture has reached many countries, becoming a symbol of peace and relaxation. At the same time, Western music and art have also become popular in China, mixing with traditional Chinese styles 4 (create) something new and exciting. This cultural exchange 5 (satisfy) people’s interests and makes life more colorful. It also helps people understand and respect each other 6 (good). Still, some people may feel 7 (sure) about how to keep their own culture while accepting others. The key is to be confident in our culture. We can value our traditions while learning from other cultures. China's cultural confidence means sharing our culture with the world 8 learning from others too. This balance is important for building a peaceful and united world. 9 the end, cultural mixing is not about losing who we are but about growing together. As culture is 10 (spread) and we learn from each other, we can build a more connected and understanding world. This is the beauty of cultural mixing—it brings people closer and enriches everyone's lives. 10 / 10乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $