专题02 非谓语动词（江苏专用）-【简语法-中考核心语法精练】2026年江苏地区中考备考 一轮复习专用（译林版）

中考核心语法精练 专题02 非谓语动词（江苏专用） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 中考模拟提升 一、非谓语动词核心形式与功能表格 本表聚焦非谓语动词的核心结构、语义特征及句法功能，清晰呈现四类非谓语动词的基础属性，助力快速把握核心用法。 非谓语 核心结构 语义特征 主要句法功能 动词不定式 肯定：to do；否定：not to do；省 to：do 表具体、未发生、目的 主语、宾语、宾补、定语、状语、表语 动名词 肯定：doing；否定：not doing；复合：所有格 / 物主代词 + doing 表泛指、习惯性、动作本身 主语、宾语、定语（表用途）、表语 现在分词 肯定：doing；否定：not doing 表主动、进行 定语、状语、宾补、表语（令人…… 的） 过去分词 肯定：done；否定：not done 表被动、完成 定语、状语、宾补、表语（感到…… 的） 使用注意事项 1. 结构完整性：不定式省 to 仅适用于使役动词（make/let/have）和感官动词（see/hear）后，被动语态中需还原 to；动名词复合结构作主语时，书面语优先用所有格形式。 2. 语义匹配：选择时先明确 “主动 / 被动”“进行 / 完成”“具体 / 泛指”，再匹配对应类型，避免语义矛盾。 3. 拼写规则：现在分词需注意重读闭音节双写（run→running）、ie 变 y（lie→lying）；过去分词需区分规则变化（work→worked）与不规则变化（go→gone）。 二、非谓语动词固定搭配表格 本表整理四类非谓语动词的高频固定搭配，涵盖核心动词及短语，助力快速匹配语境与正确形式。 非谓语 高频动词 / 短语 典型例句 动词不定式 want、decide、hope、plan、agree、ask、tell、encourage She hopes to visit Beijing next year. 动名词 enjoy、practice、finish、mind、avoid、give up、look forward to、be used to We are looking forward to seeing you. 现在分词 see、hear、watch、keep、find（表主动进行） I saw him playing basketball. 过去分词 have、get、see、hear、find（表被动完成）、be interested in、get done He had his car repaired yesterday. 使用注意事项 1. 介词区分：短语中 “to” 若为介词（如 look forward to），后必接动名词，不可接不定式；若为不定式符号（如 want to），后接动词原形。 2. 固定句式：动名词专属句式（It’s no use/good doing）、不定式专属句式（It’s + adj. + to do）不可混淆替换。 3. 语义差异：部分动词（stop/remember/regret）可接两者但语义不同，需结合 “未做 / 已做”“目的 / 过程” 判断。 三、非谓语动词易混辨析表格 本表针对中考高频易混场景，拆解核心差异，搭配典型例句，助力精准区分用法边界。 易混场景 核心差异 典型例句对比 不定式 vs 动名词（作主语） 不定式：具体、一次性；动名词：泛指、习惯性 ① It’s necessary to finish today.（具体） ② Swimming is good for health.（泛指） 不定式 vs 动名词（作宾语） 不定式：表目的、未发生；动名词：表过程、已完成 ① Remember to turn off the light.（未做） ② I remember turning it off.（已做） 现在分词 vs 过去分词（作定语） 现在分词：主动、进行；过去分词：被动、完成 ① a running boy（主动进行） ② a broken cup（被动完成） 现在分词 vs 过去分词（作表语） 现在分词：修饰物，“令人…… 的”；过去分词：修饰人，“感到…… 的” ① The film is exciting.（修饰物） ② We are excited.（修饰人） 使用注意事项 1. 语境优先：无明确标志词时，通过 “逻辑关系”（主动 / 被动）和 “动作状态”（进行 / 完成）判断，而非仅依赖形式。 2. 句式适配：作状语时，现在分词需满足 “逻辑主语 = 句子主语 + 主动关系”，过去分词需满足 “逻辑主语 = 句子主语 + 被动关系”，避免悬垂分词。 3. 特殊情况：部分过去分词（如 left “剩余的”）作定语需后置；现在分词表伴随状语时，需与谓语动词动作同时发生。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·江苏徐州·二模）—Children’s Day is coming. I haven’t decide ________ for little son. —Perhaps a model plane is a perfect present. It’s his favourite. A．what to buy B．where to buy C．when to buy D．how to buy 2．（2025·江苏淮安·一模）My parents often tell me ______ late for school. A．don’t be B．not be C．not to be D．to not be 3．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Kitty will go to the English Corner ______ her English this Saturday afternoon. A．to practise B．practising C．practised D．practise 4．（2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）The little girl is afraid ________ out at night. A．go B．going C．to go D．went 5．（2023·江苏南京·一模）Schools should encourage students ________ good working habits through labor (劳动) education. A．to form B．form C．forming D．forms 6．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·二模）My mother asked me ________ computer games before finishing my homework. A．not play B．not to play C．don’t play D．not playing 7．（11-12九年级下·江苏镇江·期中）Jack seems ________ than you ________ ready for the exams. A．busy; to get B．much busier; getting C．busier; to get D．more busier; getting 8．（2023·江苏扬州·三模）________ the environment, we should plant more trees. A．Protect B．Protected C．Protecting D．To protect 9．（2023·江苏淮安·一模）In his free time, he likes traveling around, ________ his discoveries on the phone. A．recording B．to record C．recorded D．records 10．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）One hot topic at this year’s meetings is “new productive forces” (新质生产力). It means using modern and better ways ________ the country grow. A．help B．helping C．to help 11．（2023·江苏宿迁·一模）—Mr. Lee is an animal-lover. He spends as much time as he can ________ animals. —He is a true friend of animals. A．protect B．protects C．to protect D．protecting 12．（22-23九年级上·江苏南京·期末）________ great success, you need to work hard and not let anything get in your way. A．Achieving B．Achieve C．To achieve D．Achieves 13．（2023·江苏镇江·二模）________ my mother a surprise, I cooked a bowl of noodles for her on her birthday. A．Give B．Giving C．To give D．To be given 14．（22-23九年级上·吉林长春·期末）—Did you lie to your mother when you were a child? —Yes. But now I realize I was wrong. I really regret ________ that silly thing to my mom. A．do B．to do C．doing D．did 15．（2023·江苏南通·一模）Betty will join a summer camp she’s looking forward to ________ different kinds of abilities. A．develop B．develops C．developing D．to develop 二、完成句子 1. （2025·广东广州·一模）这场讨论会的主题是关于如何保护环境。 The topic of this discussion is about ___________ ___________ protect the environment. 2. （2023·江苏无锡·二模）他们还未决定何时给获胜者们颁发奖牌。 They have not decided when _________________ the medals. 3. （2025·天津南开·一模）记得要在运动前做热身活动。 Remember to ________ ________ before exercising. 4. （23-24九年级上·江苏常州·期中）我爷爷练习太极来给自己的身心带来安宁。 My grandpa does Tai Chi ________________. 5. （2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）set off, I, early, to, fresh air, breathe, in the forest (连词成句) ________________________________________________. 6. （2024·江苏常州·一模）复习所学过的知识使我们总是在学习上处于领先地位。 Going ________________ in our study. 7. （2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）“Don’t play football in the street,” the policeman said to the boys. (同义句转换) The policeman told the boys ________ ________ ________ football in the street. 8. （2023·江苏无锡·一模）他的粗心大意给了我领先的机会。 His carelessness provided me ________. 9. （2024·江苏无锡·一模）由于事情太多，他已经习惯了熬夜到很晚。 He _______________ because of too much work. 10. （2023·江苏常州·一模）你认为这个危险的任务值得被执行吗？ Do you think the dangerous task _______________________? 11. （2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）She spent two hours doing her homework. (同义句转换) It ________ her two hours ________ ________ her homework. 12. （2024·河北石家庄·一模）went out, students, some, to, make snowmen _______________________________________________________________. 13. （2023九年级·江苏·专题练习）当你读完这本书时，别忘了把它还给我。 Don’t __________ it to me when you __________ the book. 14. （2023·上海普陀·一模）Can you tell me when I can begin my fitness course? (改为简单句) Can you tell me ________ ________ begin my fitness course? 15. （2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it. (同义句转换) The box is ________ heavy ________ me ________ carry. 三、语法填空 Passage 1 （2025·江苏南通·二模）用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文内容完整、正确。 In October, 2024, people watched a new ballet named The Jade Hairpin (《玉簪记》) at the China Shanghai International Arts Festival. It 1 (show) for the first time. Ao Dingwen, a top dancer of China, performed this ballet. She was 2 (deep) moved by the traditional Kunqu Opera of the same name when she watched it, so she made up her mind 3 (direct) this ballet. The story is about two persons in the Northern Song Dynasty. Before getting 4 (marry), they faced many challenges, but they learned the 5 (mean) of true love. Ao often performs some famous foreign works. She finds that many foreign 6 (art) have mixed great works with ballet successfully. “As a Chinese dancer, I 7 (prefer) to mix traditional Chinese opera with Western ballet,” Ao said. “This way, 8 (many) young people can be interested in Chinese culture than before.” Ao spent six months 9 (learn) Kunqu Opera. During this period, she found Kunqu and ballet were very different, so her ballet is a difficult mixture (混合). In the show, dancers’ 10 (move) are different from those in the classic ballet. Ao’s lively dance shows the beauty of both traditional Chinese art and modern ballet. Passage 2 （2025·江苏徐州·三模）用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文内容完整、正确。 Embroidery (刺绣) is often seen as “women’s work.” People think that it’s 1 (use) for a boy to learn embroidery. Therefore, Fu Jian’s parents didn’t want him to work in this industry. 2 Fu didn’t care. He believed he could do it well. Fu was born into an embroidery family in Yangzhou. Fu fell in love 3 this beautiful art when he was four years old. In his last year of high school, Fu was clear about his life goal: to promote this 4 (tradition) art. After 5 (graduate) from college, Fu and his mother built a research center of Suzhou embroidery. Since then, he 6 (invent) many new stitches (针法). He has also trained many workers. Fu spends a lot of time on his works. He often works late into the night. Even so, he enjoys his work. “I am doing what I love, so I 7 feel tired,” said the 37-year-old. Most recently, this 8 (art) “created” a piece of bronze ware (青铜器) on cloth. What gave him the idea to create this work? “Many bronzes can only 9 (see) in museums. A work of embroidery, however, can be hung in 10 (one) home or office. People can see it at any time,” said Fu. Passage 3 （2025·江苏宿迁·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Primary and middle schools across Chinese cities 1 (increase) the time of class breaks from 10 to 15 minutes since the start of the autumn term to encourage outdoor activities among both students 2 teachers. Traditionally, schools in China have had 10-minute breaks between 3 (class), which provided limited time for students, especially those in multistory (多层) buildings, to join in outdoor activities. Schools also prevented students from 4 (leave) classrooms during breaks due to their safety. However, students are now encouraged 5 (walk) out of the classroom and breathe the fresh air. Students can use this time to play games with friends or take 6 short walk around the school. At the same time, some schools have already extended break times to help students 7 (relax). For example, some schools have set up sports equipment areas where students can play basketball, badminton, and other games. Some schools have set up art corners. Students can draw 8 (free) there. Others have organized reading corners where students can read books and magazines. This makes sure that students get at least 30 minutes of daily exercise to stay 9 (health). Cities, including Beijing, Tianjin, Qingdao in Shandong province, Suqian in Jiangsu province and so 10 , have already started this new schedule. Passage 4 （2025·江苏泰州·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。（每空不限填一词） Before air-conditioners (空调) were invented, southern China’s skywells played a key role in keeping 1 (people) homes cool. Could they do it again today? A skywell, or tian jing, is a typical part of traditional homes in southern and eastern China. Different from a northern Chinese courtyard, or yuan zi, it is 2 (smart) and less open to the outdoor environment. Skywells 3 (design) to cool buildings before air-conditioners appeared. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space 4 the opening. Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the wind blows in and moves down the walls to the lower floors and 5 (create) airflow (气流) by taking the place of warmer indoor air, which rises and leaves through the opening. 6 skywell buildings have a history of hundreds of years in China, recently they have often been forgotten by people who prefer modern buildings. Over the past twenty years, however, skywell buildings 7 (start) to become popular again. Yu Youhong, 55, has spent more than 30 years 8 (repair) skywell homes in Wuyuan of Jiangxi Province. One of the skywell homes repaired by Yu is in a small village. The 300-year-old house was bought by Edward Gawne, a man from the UK, and his Chinese wife in 2015. 9 couple turned the three-floor house into a 14-room hotel with the help of Yu. They kept the spaces around the skywells as they were before. They are open and with natural airflow. Gawne says that even without air-conditioners, people can rest around the skywell areas 10 (comfortable) in summer. Skywells will be more and more popular among younger generations (一代). They match young people’s ideas about environmental protection. In short, skywells will be important again in our lives. Passage 5 （2025·江苏淮安·模拟预测）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整、通顺，每空一词。 The year 2024 celebrates the Year of the Loong. Among the 12 animals of the Chinese zodiac (生肖), the loong is the only one that is not real. 1 it looks scary, Chinese people respect it and even see 2 (they) as the descendants (后代) of the loong. Wen Yiduo (1899—1946), a famous Chinese scholar (学者) and poet of his time, said that the image (形象) of the loong formed gradually during tribal (部落的) wars. When 3 strong tribe that highly respected snakes beat other tribes, the tribe would mix the features of the losers’ totem (图腾) animals with the snakes 4 (create) something truly powerful. Guo Dashun, an archeologist (考古学家), said that the idea for the loong 5 (begin) to grow in northeastern China. There, in Fuxin City, Liaoning Province, archeologists found in 1982 what appeared to be a loong made up of granite (花岗岩) 6 (piece). Dating back to 6000 BC, it is the 7 (old) artwork discovered that provides the image of a loong. In northeastern China, archeologists also found many small jade (翡翠) loongs that date back to as early as 3500 BC． “If you look really closely, they look 8 … a newborn—be it a pig, a bear or a deer—which… curl up (蜷缩), until it’s time to stretch their body,” said Shuping Deng, a leading researcher from Taiwan who 9 (study) ancient Chinese jade. These jade loongs 10 (imagine) by people whose society and art were still in the early stages (阶段), are “a reflection of deep⁃felt amazement with the changing force of life,” she said. She believes this is what gives the loong its “heartbeat”. Passage 6 （2025·江苏泰州·三模）综合填空，在文中空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 The world is changing very fast. Scientific technologies are now influencing almost every field of life. A scientist once said that success in developing scientific technologies would be one of the biggest events 1 history, but he thought some of them might also be the last unless we learn to avoid the risks. For modern society, scientific technologies are amazing 2 humans may face a lot of challenges. Humans 3 (control) by scientific technologies in the future, won’t they? Some people say “Yes”. They think humans will be under control 4 (complete). If computers are implanted (植入) inside brains, things will be much worse. With the 5 (develop) of technologies, robots have taken the place of humans in some fields and some people 6 (lose) their jobs because of that. What’s more, data centres need a large amount of energy to run. At the same time, it produces so much heat all the time that 7 great deal of water is used for cooling. All these may be the risks the scientist referred to. However, other people don’t agree. They are hopeful about the relationship between scientific technologies and humans. They say that scientific technologies have done much for us and made our daily lives much 8 (easy). They can free people from doing housework, 9 (write) articles or even making films. For example, some technologies can change words into short videos easily and make 10 possible for some common people to be directors. Every coin has two sides. Rather than worrying about the risks of scientific technologies, we should learn to use them wisely and manage them well. 9 / 9乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $中考核心语法精练 专题02 非谓语动词（江苏专用） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 中考模拟提升 一、非谓语动词核心形式与功能表格 本表聚焦非谓语动词的核心结构、语义特征及句法功能，清晰呈现四类非谓语动词的基础属性，助力快速把握核心用法。 非谓语 核心结构 语义特征 主要句法功能 动词不定式 肯定：to do；否定：not to do；省 to：do 表具体、未发生、目的 主语、宾语、宾补、定语、状语、表语 动名词 肯定：doing；否定：not doing；复合：所有格 / 物主代词 + doing 表泛指、习惯性、动作本身 主语、宾语、定语（表用途）、表语 现在分词 肯定：doing；否定：not doing 表主动、进行 定语、状语、宾补、表语（令人…… 的） 过去分词 肯定：done；否定：not done 表被动、完成 定语、状语、宾补、表语（感到…… 的） 使用注意事项 1. 结构完整性：不定式省 to 仅适用于使役动词（make/let/have）和感官动词（see/hear）后，被动语态中需还原 to；动名词复合结构作主语时，书面语优先用所有格形式。 2. 语义匹配：选择时先明确 “主动 / 被动”“进行 / 完成”“具体 / 泛指”，再匹配对应类型，避免语义矛盾。 3. 拼写规则：现在分词需注意重读闭音节双写（run→running）、ie 变 y（lie→lying）；过去分词需区分规则变化（work→worked）与不规则变化（go→gone）。 二、非谓语动词固定搭配表格 本表整理四类非谓语动词的高频固定搭配，涵盖核心动词及短语，助力快速匹配语境与正确形式。 非谓语 高频动词 / 短语 典型例句 动词不定式 want、decide、hope、plan、agree、ask、tell、encourage She hopes to visit Beijing next year. 动名词 enjoy、practice、finish、mind、avoid、give up、look forward to、be used to We are looking forward to seeing you. 现在分词 see、hear、watch、keep、find（表主动进行） I saw him playing basketball. 过去分词 have、get、see、hear、find（表被动完成）、be interested in、get done He had his car repaired yesterday. 使用注意事项 1. 介词区分：短语中 “to” 若为介词（如 look forward to），后必接动名词，不可接不定式；若为不定式符号（如 want to），后接动词原形。 2. 固定句式：动名词专属句式（It’s no use/good doing）、不定式专属句式（It’s + adj. + to do）不可混淆替换。 3. 语义差异：部分动词（stop/remember/regret）可接两者但语义不同，需结合 “未做 / 已做”“目的 / 过程” 判断。 三、非谓语动词易混辨析表格 本表针对中考高频易混场景，拆解核心差异，搭配典型例句，助力精准区分用法边界。 易混场景 核心差异 典型例句对比 不定式 vs 动名词（作主语） 不定式：具体、一次性；动名词：泛指、习惯性 ① It’s necessary to finish today.（具体） ② Swimming is good for health.（泛指） 不定式 vs 动名词（作宾语） 不定式：表目的、未发生；动名词：表过程、已完成 ① Remember to turn off the light.（未做） ② I remember turning it off.（已做） 现在分词 vs 过去分词（作定语） 现在分词：主动、进行；过去分词：被动、完成 ① a running boy（主动进行） ② a broken cup（被动完成） 现在分词 vs 过去分词（作表语） 现在分词：修饰物，“令人…… 的”；过去分词：修饰人，“感到…… 的” ① The film is exciting.（修饰物） ② We are excited.（修饰人） 使用注意事项 1. 语境优先：无明确标志词时，通过 “逻辑关系”（主动 / 被动）和 “动作状态”（进行 / 完成）判断，而非仅依赖形式。 2. 句式适配：作状语时，现在分词需满足 “逻辑主语 = 句子主语 + 主动关系”，过去分词需满足 “逻辑主语 = 句子主语 + 被动关系”，避免悬垂分词。 3. 特殊情况：部分过去分词（如 left “剩余的”）作定语需后置；现在分词表伴随状语时，需与谓语动词动作同时发生。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·江苏徐州·二模）—Children’s Day is coming. I haven’t decide ________ for little son. —Perhaps a model plane is a perfect present. It’s his favourite. A．what to buy B．where to buy C．when to buy D．how to buy 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——儿童节快到了。我还没决定给小儿子买什么。——也许一个模型飞机是一个完美的礼物。这是他的最爱。 考查特殊疑问词+动词不定式表达。what to buy买什么；where to buy去哪里买；when to buy什么时候买；how to buy如何买。根据回答“Perhaps a model plane is a perfect present.”可知，此处表示“买什么”，故选A。 2．（2025·江苏淮安·一模）My parents often tell me ______ late for school. A．don’t be B．not be C．not to be D．to not be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我父母经常告诉我上学不要迟到。 考查非谓语动词用法。tell sb. not to do sth.表示“告诉某人不要做某事”，固定搭配。故选C。 3．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Kitty will go to the English Corner ______ her English this Saturday afternoon. A．to practise B．practising C．practised D．practise 【答案】A 【详解】句意：基蒂这个星期六下午要去英语角练习英语。 考查非谓语动词。to practise练习，动词不定式形式；practising练习，现在分词或动名词形式；practised练习，过去式或过去分词形式；practise练习，动词原形。根据句子结构可知，空处应是动词不定式作目的状语，表示去英语角的目的是练习英语。故选A。 4．（2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）The little girl is afraid ________ out at night. A．go B．going C．to go D．went 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个小女孩害怕晚上出去。 考查非谓语动词。be afraid to do sth.意为“害怕做某事”，所以此处应填to go。故选C。 5．（2023·江苏南京·一模）Schools should encourage students ________ good working habits through labor (劳动) education. A．to form B．form C．forming D．forms 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学校应该鼓励学生通过劳动教育养成良好的工作习惯。 考查不定式作宾语补足语。encourage sb to do“鼓励某人做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。 6．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·二模）My mother asked me ________ computer games before finishing my homework. A．not play B．not to play C．don’t play D．not playing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妈妈叫我完成作业之前不要玩电脑游戏。 考查动词不定式的否定。not play不玩；not to play不玩；don’t play不玩；not playing不玩。根据“My mother asked me...computer games before finishing my homework.”可知，此处考查固定搭配：ask sb. not to do sth.“让某人不要做某事”，故选B。 7．（11-12九年级下·江苏镇江·期中）Jack seems ________ than you ________ ready for the exams. A．busy; to get B．much busier; getting C．busier; to get D．more busier; getting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：杰克似乎比你更忙于准备考试。 考查形容词比较级和非谓语动词。than是比较级的标志，故形容词busy应用其比较级形式busier，much修饰比较级可以用来加深程度，表示“……得多”，故第一空应为much busier或busier；be busy doing sth“忙于做某事”，seem在这相当于系动词be，第二空应为getting。故选B。 8．（2023·江苏扬州·三模）________ the environment, we should plant more trees. A．Protect B．Protected C．Protecting D．To protect 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了保护环境，我们应该多种树。 考查不定式表目的用法。根据“we should plant more trees”可知，我们种树的目的是保护环境。To protect为了保护，表目的。故选D。 9．（2023·江苏淮安·一模）In his free time, he likes traveling around, ________ his discoveries on the phone. A．recording B．to record C．recorded D．records 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在他的空闲时间，他喜欢到处旅行，用手机记录他的发现。 考查现在分词作状语。根据“In his free time, he likes traveling around, ...his discoveries on the phone.”可知，主语是动作的发出者，用现在分词作伴随状语，故选A。 10．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）One hot topic at this year’s meetings is “new productive forces” (新质生产力). It means using modern and better ways ________ the country grow. A．help B．helping C．to help 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今年会议的一个热门话题是“新质生产力”。这意味着要用现代和更好的方式来帮助国家发展。 考查非谓语。根据“It means using modern and better ways ... the country grow.”可知，“用现代和更好的方式”是为了“帮助国家发展”，用动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。 11．（2023·江苏宿迁·一模）—Mr. Lee is an animal-lover. He spends as much time as he can ________ animals. —He is a true friend of animals. A．protect B．protects C．to protect D．protecting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——李先生是一名动物爱好者。他花费尽可能多的时间来保护动物。——他是动物们的真正的朋友。 考查动名词作宾语。protect保护，动词原形；protects动词单三形式；to protect动词不定式；protecting动名词形式。根据“He spends as much time as he can…animals.”可知此处应是spend…doing sth“花费……做某事”，故选D。 12．（22-23九年级上·江苏南京·期末）________ great success, you need to work hard and not let anything get in your way. A．Achieving B．Achieve C．To achieve D．Achieves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：要想获得巨大的成功，你需要努力工作，不要让任何事情妨碍你。 考查非谓语动词。“you need to work hard and not let anything get in your way.”的目的是“achieve success”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选C。 13．（2023·江苏镇江·二模）________ my mother a surprise, I cooked a bowl of noodles for her on her birthday. A．Give B．Giving C．To give D．To be given 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了给妈妈一个惊喜，我在她生日那天给她做了一碗面。 考查动词用法。Give给；Giving动名词；To give不定式；To be given不定式被动语态。根据“... my mother a surprise, I cooked...”和选项可知，give和cook的主语都是I，都是动作的执行者，使用主动语态，排除D。句中已有谓语动词cook，排除A。结合语境可知，做面条的目的是给妈妈一个惊喜，此处不定式位于句首作目的状语。故选C。 14．（22-23九年级上·吉林长春·期末）—Did you lie to your mother when you were a child? —Yes. But now I realize I was wrong. I really regret ________ that silly thing to my mom. A．do B．to do C．doing D．did 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你小时候对你妈妈撒谎吗？——是的。但现在我意识到我错了。我真的很后悔对我妈妈做了那件傻事。 考查非谓语动词。regret doing sth.后悔做过某事；regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事。根据“But now I realize I was wrong.”可知，是指后悔做了那件傻事，故选C。 15．（2023·江苏南通·一模）Betty will join a summer camp she’s looking forward to ________ different kinds of abilities. A．develop B．develops C．developing D．to develop 【答案】D 【详解】句意：贝蒂将参加一个她期待的夏令营以发展各种各样的能力。 考查非谓语动词。“she’s looking forward to”是后置定语，to是介词；“发展各种各样的能力”是参加这个夏令营的目的，用动词不定式to develop作目的状语。故选D。 二、完成句子 1. （2025·广东广州·一模）这场讨论会的主题是关于如何保护环境。 The topic of this discussion is about ___________ ___________ protect the environment. 【答案】 how to 【详解】how to do sth“如何做某事”。故填how；to。 2. （2023·江苏无锡·二模）他们还未决定何时给获胜者们颁发奖牌。 They have not decided when _________________ the medals. 【答案】to present the winners with 【详解】颁发： present，此处是“疑问词+不定式”的结构，即to present。获胜者：winner，此处用其复数表示泛指，名词前放定冠词the表特指。with“用”。故填to present the winners with。 3. （2025·天津南开·一模）记得要在运动前做热身活动。 Remember to ________ ________ before exercising. 【答案】 warm up 【详解】对照中英文可知，缺少“做热身运动”，用warm up，动词短语。remember to do sth“记得要做某事”，空处动词用原形。故填warm；up。 4. （23-24九年级上·江苏常州·期中）我爷爷练习太极来给自己的身心带来安宁。 My grandpa does Tai Chi ________________. 【答案】to bring peace to his mind and body 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“来给自己的身心带来安宁”；bring…to…“给……带来……”，固定词组，此处表示目的，用不定式形式；peace“平静”，不可数名词；his mind and body“自己的身心”。故填to bring peace to his mind and body。 5. （2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）set off, I, early, to, fresh air, breathe, in the forest (连词成句) ________________________________________________. 【答案】I set off early to breathe fresh air in the forest 【详解】 根据所给词及标点可知，此句是陈述句。在这个句子中，I是主语，表示“我”；set off是谓语动词短语，表示“出发”，set的过去式还是set，这里表示过去发生的动作；early是副词，修饰set off，表示“早早地”；to breathe fresh air是动词不定式短语作目的状语，breathe是动词，表示“呼吸”，fresh air“新鲜空气”；in the forest是介词短语作地点状语，表示“在森林里”。故填I set off early to breathe fresh air in the forest“我早早出发是为了在森林里呼吸新鲜空气”。 6. （2024·江苏常州·一模）复习所学过的知识使我们总是在学习上处于领先地位。 Going ________________ in our study. 【答案】over what we (have) learned makes us always take the lead 【详解】考查动名词短语作主语。go over复习；take the lead领先；what we (have) learned 我们所学习的；make us always take the lead使我们总是处于领先地位。故填over what we (have) learned makes us always take the lead。 7. （2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）“Don’t play football in the street,” the policeman said to the boys. (同义句转换) The policeman told the boys ________ ________ ________ football in the street. 【答案】 not to play 【详解】句意：“不要在街上踢足球，”警察对男孩们说。改为同义句时可以把直接引语变为间接引语，tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”，play football“踢足球”。故填not；to；play。 8. （2023·江苏无锡·一模）他的粗心大意给了我领先的机会。 His carelessness provided me ________. 【答案】with a chance to take the lead 【详解】给某人提供某物：provide sb with sth；一个机会：a chance；领先：take the lead，用动词不定式作后置定语。故填with a chance to take the lead。 9. （2024·江苏无锡·一模）由于事情太多，他已经习惯了熬夜到很晚。 He _______________ because of too much work. 【答案】has been used to staying up late 【详解】be used to doing sth“习惯做某事”，stay up late“熬夜到很晚”，根据“已经”可知句子应用现在时完成时表示对现在有影响，主语为He，助动词应用has。故填has been used to staying up late。 10. （2023·江苏常州·一模）你认为这个危险的任务值得被执行吗？ Do you think the dangerous task _______________________? 【答案】is worth carrying out 【详解】结合中英文对照可知，此处缺少内容“值得被执行”。短语sth. be worth doing用主动表被动，意为“某事值得被做”，carry out意思是“执行”；根据前文表达及句意可知，此处应使用一般现在时态。故填is worth carrying out。 11. （2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）She spent two hours doing her homework. (同义句转换) It ________ her two hours ________ ________ her homework. 【答案】 took to do 【详解】句意：她花了两个小时做家庭作业。“spend + 时间 + doing sth.”和“It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth.”都表示“某人花费时间做某事”，原句是一般过去时，所以这里“take”要用过去式“took”。故填took；to；do。 12. （2024·河北石家庄·一模）went out, students, some, to, make snowmen _______________________________________________________________. 【答案】Some students went out to make snowmen 【详解】根据标点符号可知，此句应是陈述句的肯定形式，分析所给单词，some students作主语；went out作谓语，to make snowmen作目的状语。故填Some students went out to make snowmen“一些学生出去堆雪人”。 13. （2023九年级·江苏·专题练习）当你读完这本书时，别忘了把它还给我。 Don’t __________ it to me when you __________ the book. 【答案】 forget to return finish reading 【详解】“忘记归还”英文表达为forget to return，don’t 后面加动词原形；when引导的时间状语从句主语是you，且是一般现在时态，故谓语动词用原形，finish doing sth表示“做完某事”。故填forget to return；finish reading。 14. （2023·上海普陀·一模）Can you tell me when I can begin my fitness course? (改为简单句) Can you tell me ________ ________ begin my fitness course? 【答案】 when to 【详解】句意：你可以告诉我什么时候我可以开始我的健身课程。此处可改为“疑问词+不定式” 结构，因此疑问词为when，后面不定式为to begin my fitness course。故填when；to。 15. （2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it. (同义句转换) The box is ________ heavy ________ me ________ carry. 【答案】 too for to 【详解】句意：这个箱子如此重，以至于我搬不动它。“so...that...”引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，“too...for sb. to...”结构表示“对某人来说太……而不能……”，二者可以进行同义转换。故填too；for；to。 三、语法填空 Passage 1 （2025·江苏南通·二模）请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。 In October, 2024, people watched a new ballet named The Jade Hairpin (《玉簪记》) at the China Shanghai International Arts Festival. It 1 (show) for the first time. Ao Dingwen, a top dancer of China, performed this ballet. She was 2 (deep) moved by the traditional Kunqu Opera of the same name when she watched it, so she made up her mind 3 (direct) this ballet. The story is about two persons in the Northern Song Dynasty. Before getting 4 (marry), they faced many challenges, but they learned the 5 (mean) of true love. Ao often performs some famous foreign works. She finds that many foreign 6 (art) have mixed great works with ballet successfully. “As a Chinese dancer, I 7 (prefer) to mix traditional Chinese opera with Western ballet,” Ao said. “This way, 8 (many) young people can be interested in Chinese culture than before.” Ao spent six months 9 (learn) Kunqu Opera. During this period, she found Kunqu and ballet were very different, so her ballet is a difficult mixture (混合). In the show, dancers’ 10 (move) are different from those in the classic ballet. Ao’s lively dance shows the beauty of both traditional Chinese art and modern ballet. 【答案】 1. was shown 2. deeply 3. to direct 4. married 5. meaning 6. artists 7. prefer 8. more 9. learning 10. movements 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了新编芭蕾舞剧《玉簪记》。 1. 句意：这是它首次被展示。根据“it”可知，主语it与show是被动关系，句子时态是一般过去时，was shown符合句意，故填was shown。 2. 句意：当她观看同名的传统昆曲时，她被深深打动了，因此她决定执导这部芭蕾舞剧。根据“moved by”可知，要填副词修饰动词，故填deeply。 3. 句意：当她观看同名的传统昆曲时，她被深深打动了，因此她决定执导这部芭蕾舞剧。make up one’s mind to do sth“下定决心做某事”，故填to direct。 4. 句意：在结婚前他们面临了许多挑战，但他们领悟到了真爱的意义。get married“结婚”，固定搭配，故填married。 5. 句意：在结婚前他们面临了许多挑战，但他们领悟到了真爱的意义。冠词“the”后需接名词，此处需用meaning“意义”表示“领悟到了真爱的意义”。故填meaning。 6. 句意：她发现许多外国艺术家成功地将伟大作品与芭蕾融合。根据“many foreign”可知许多外国艺术家，需要名词复数，artists“艺术家”符合句意，故填artists。 7. 句意：作为中国舞者，我更喜欢将中国传统戏曲与西方芭蕾结合。根据主语“I”为第一人称，时态为一般现在时，可知此处动词需用原形。故填prefer。 8. 句意：这样，更多的年轻人会比以前对中国文化感兴趣。根据“than before”可知，需要比较级，more符合句意，故填more。 9. 句意：敖定雯花了六个月学习昆曲。spend time doing sth“花费时间做某事”，是固定用法。故填learning。 10. 句意：在演出中，舞者的动作与经典芭蕾不同。根据谓语“are”为复数形式可知，主语需用名词复数，此处是指舞者的动作，需用“movement”，复数加“s”。故填movements。 Passage 2 （2025·江苏徐州·三模）用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文内容完整、正确。 Embroidery (刺绣) is often seen as “women’s work.” People think that it’s 1 (use) for a boy to learn embroidery. Therefore, Fu Jian’s parents didn’t want him to work in this industry. 2 Fu didn’t care. He believed he could do it well. Fu was born into an embroidery family in Yangzhou. Fu fell in love 3 this beautiful art when he was four years old. In his last year of high school, Fu was clear about his life goal: to promote this 4 (tradition) art. After 5 (graduate) from college, Fu and his mother built a research center of Suzhou embroidery. Since then, he 6 (invent) many new stitches (针法). He has also trained many workers. Fu spends a lot of time on his works. He often works late into the night. Even so, he enjoys his work. “I am doing what I love, so I 7 feel tired,” said the 37-year-old. Most recently, this 8 (art) “created” a piece of bronze ware (青铜器) on cloth. What gave him the idea to create this work? “Many bronzes can only 9 (see) in museums. A work of embroidery, however, can be hung in 10 (one) home or office. People can see it at any time,” said Fu. 【答案】 1. useless 2. But 3. with 4. traditional 5. graduating 6. has invented 7. never 8. artist 9. be seen 10. one’s 【导语】本文讲述了付健不顾父母反对，坚持从事刺绣行业并取得成就的故事。他从小热爱刺绣艺术，大学毕业后与母亲共同建立了苏绣研究中心，并不断创新针法。尽管工作辛苦，但他乐在其中。 1. 句意：人们认为男孩学习刺绣是没有用的。根据“Embroidery (刺绣) is often seen as ‘women’s work.’”可知人们认为刺绣是“女孩的工作”，男孩学习刺绣是没有用的，useless“无用的”，形容词作表语。故填useless。 2. 句意：但是付健并不在意。此处和前句是转折关系，用but连接。故填But。 3. 句意：付健在四岁时就爱上了这门美丽的艺术。fall in love with“爱上”。故填with。 4. 句意：在他的高中最后一年，付健明确了他的人生目标：推广这门传统的艺术。修饰名词art用形容词traditional“传统的”。故填traditional。 5. 句意：从大学毕业后，付健和他的母亲建立了一个苏绣研究中心。放介词after后用动名词graduating“毕业”。故填graduating。 6. 句意：从那时起，他发明了许多新的针法。invent“发明”，根据“Since then”可知句子用现在完成时，主语是he，助动词用has。故填has invented。 7. 句意：我在做我喜欢的事情，所以我从不感到累。根据“I am doing what I love”可知在做自己喜欢的事情，所以从不觉得累，never“从不”。故填never。 8. 句意：最近，这位艺术家“创作”了一件在布料上的青铜器作品。根据“created”可知此处指这位艺术家进行创作，artist“艺术家”，用名词单数。故填artist。 9. 句意：许多青铜器只能在博物馆里看到。此处主语Many bronzes和谓语see之间是被动关系，用含有情态动词的被动语态can be seen。故填be seen。 10. 句意：然而，一件刺绣作品可以挂在自己的家里或办公室里。修饰名词home用所有格。故填one’s。 Passage 3 （2025·江苏宿迁·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Primary and middle schools across Chinese cities 1 (increase) the time of class breaks from 10 to 15 minutes since the start of the autumn term to encourage outdoor activities among both students 2 teachers. Traditionally, schools in China have had 10-minute breaks between 3 (class), which provided limited time for students, especially those in multistory (多层) buildings, to join in outdoor activities. Schools also prevented students from 4 (leave) classrooms during breaks due to their safety. However, students are now encouraged 5 (walk) out of the classroom and breathe the fresh air. Students can use this time to play games with friends or take 6 short walk around the school. At the same time, some schools have already extended break times to help students 7 (relax). For example, some schools have set up sports equipment areas where students can play basketball, badminton, and other games. Some schools have set up art corners. Students can draw 8 (free) there. Others have organized reading corners where students can read books and magazines. This makes sure that students get at least 30 minutes of daily exercise to stay 9 (health). Cities, including Beijing, Tianjin, Qingdao in Shandong province, Suqian in Jiangsu province and so 10 , have already started this new schedule. 【答案】 1. have increased 2. and 3. classes 4. leaving 5. to walk 6. a 7. relax/to relax 8. freely 9. healthy 10. on 【导语】本文主要讲述中国多地中小学自秋季学期起将课间休息时间从10分钟延长至15分钟，鼓励师生进行户外活动，并介绍了一些学校为此采取的具体措施。 1. 句意：自秋季学期开始以来，中国各城市的中小学已经将课间休息时间从10分钟增加到15分钟，以鼓励学生和教师开展户外活动。根据“since the start of the autumn term”可知，空处应用现在完成时，其结构是：have/has+动词过去分词，主语Primary and middle schools表示复数，所以此处应用助动词have，increase的过去分词是increased。故填have increased。 2. 句意：自秋季学期开始以来，中国各城市的中小学已经将课间休息时间从10分钟增加到15分钟，以鼓励学生和教师开展户外活动。both...and...“……和……”。故填and。 3. 句意：传统上，中国的学校在课间有10分钟的休息时间，这为学生，尤其是那些在多层建筑中的学生，提供了有限的时间来参加户外活动。此处指“课间”，英文表达是between classes。故填classes。 4. 句意：出于安全考虑，学校也禁止学生在课间离开教室。根据短语prevent sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”可知，空处应填leave的动名词形式leaving。故填leaving。 5. 句意：然而，现在鼓励学生走出教室，呼吸新鲜空气。根据短语be encouraged to do sth.“被鼓励做某事”可知，空处应填动词不定式to walk。故填to walk。 6. 句意：学生们可以利用这段时间和朋友一起玩游戏，或者在学校周围散散步。take a walk“散步”。故填a。 7. 句意：同时，一些学校已经延长了休息时间来帮助学生放松。根据短语help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”可知，空处应填relax或to relax。故填relax/to relax。 8. 句意：学生可以在那里自由画画。根据提示词和“Students can draw...there.”可知，空处应填free的副词形式freely，用于修饰动词draw。故填freely。 9. 句意：这确保学生每天至少锻炼30分钟来保持健康。stay在此处作系动词，后接形容词作表语，所以空处应填health的形容词形式healthy。故填healthy。 10. 句意：北京、天津、山东青岛、江苏宿迁等城市已经开始实施这一新作息表。and so on“等等”。故填on。 Passage 4 （2025·江苏泰州·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。（每空不限填一词） Before air-conditioners (空调) were invented, southern China’s skywells played a key role in keeping 1 (people) homes cool. Could they do it again today? A skywell, or tian jing, is a typical part of traditional homes in southern and eastern China. Different from a northern Chinese courtyard, or yuan zi, it is 2 (smart) and less open to the outdoor environment. Skywells 3 (design) to cool buildings before air-conditioners appeared. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space 4 the opening. Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the wind blows in and moves down the walls to the lower floors and 5 (create) airflow (气流) by taking the place of warmer indoor air, which rises and leaves through the opening. 6 skywell buildings have a history of hundreds of years in China, recently they have often been forgotten by people who prefer modern buildings. Over the past twenty years, however, skywell buildings 7 (start) to become popular again. Yu Youhong, 55, has spent more than 30 years 8 (repair) skywell homes in Wuyuan of Jiangxi Province. One of the skywell homes repaired by Yu is in a small village. The 300-year-old house was bought by Edward Gawne, a man from the UK, and his Chinese wife in 2015. 9 couple turned the three-floor house into a 14-room hotel with the help of Yu. They kept the spaces around the skywells as they were before. They are open and with natural airflow. Gawne says that even without air-conditioners, people can rest around the skywell areas 10 (comfortable) in summer. Skywells will be more and more popular among younger generations (一代). They match young people’s ideas about environmental protection. In short, skywells will be important again in our lives. 【答案】 1. people’s 2. smarter 3. were designed 4. through 5. creates 6. Although/Though 7. have started 8. repairing 9. The 10. comfortably 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国南方天井建筑的特点、功能、兴衰及复兴等相关情况。 1. 句意：在空调发明之前，中国南方的天井在为人们的住宅降温方面起到了关键作用。根据“homes”可知，此处需用名词所有格修饰名词，people的所有格形式为people’s，表示“人们的”。故填people’s。 2. 句意：与中国北方的庭院不同，它更精巧，对户外环境的开放性更低。根据“less open”可知，此处需用形容词比较级，smart的比较级为smarter，表示“更精巧的”。故填smarter。 3. 句意：在空调出现之前，天井是为给建筑物降温而设计的。主语“Skywells”与“design”之间为被动关系，且动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“were/was + 过去分词”，主语为复数，故填were designed。 4. 句意：当风吹过天井房屋上方时，风可以通过开口进入室内空间。根据语境可知，此处表示“通过开口”，through意为“通过（空间）”，符合句意。故填through。 5. 句意：风吹进来，沿着墙壁向下流动到较低的楼层，并通过取代上升并从开口离开的较暖室内空气来创造气流。此处“create”与“blows”“moves”并列作谓语，时态需一致，用一般现在时，主语“the wind”为第三人称单数，但空前有“and”连接，此处create与“moves”并列，需用动词三单。故填creates。 6. 句意：尽管天井建筑在中国有几百年的历史，但最近它们常常被偏爱现代建筑的人们遗忘。前后句为转折关系，根据“...skywell buildings have a history of hundreds of years in China, recently they have often been forgotten by people”可知，此处Although/Though引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though。 7. 句意：然而，在过去的二十年里，天井建筑又开始重新流行起来。根据“Over the past twenty years”可知，句子需用现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“skywell buildings”为复数，故填have started。 8. 句意：55岁的余友红花了30多年时间修复江西婺源的天井住宅。“spend + 时间 + doing sth.”为固定短语，意为“花费时间做某事”，故填repairing。 9. 句意：这对夫妇在余的帮助下，将这座三层的房子改造成了一家有14个房间的酒店。此处特指前文提到的“Edward Gawne和他的中国妻子”这对夫妇，需用定冠词“The”，故填The。 10. 句意：高恩说，即使没有空调，夏天人们也可以在天井区域周围舒适地休息。此处需用副词修饰动词“rest”，comfortable的副词形式为comfortably，意为“舒适地”。故填comfortably。 Passage 5 （2025·江苏淮安·模拟预测）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整、通顺，每空一词。 The year 2024 celebrates the Year of the Loong. Among the 12 animals of the Chinese zodiac (生肖), the loong is the only one that is not real. 1 it looks scary, Chinese people respect it and even see 2 (they) as the descendants (后代) of the loong. Wen Yiduo (1899—1946), a famous Chinese scholar (学者) and poet of his time, said that the image (形象) of the loong formed gradually during tribal (部落的) wars. When 3 strong tribe that highly respected snakes beat other tribes, the tribe would mix the features of the losers’ totem (图腾) animals with the snakes 4 (create) something truly powerful. Guo Dashun, an archeologist (考古学家), said that the idea for the loong 5 (begin) to grow in northeastern China. There, in Fuxin City, Liaoning Province, archeologists found in 1982 what appeared to be a loong made up of granite (花岗岩) 6 (piece). Dating back to 6000 BC, it is the 7 (old) artwork discovered that provides the image of a loong. In northeastern China, archeologists also found many small jade (翡翠) loongs that date back to as early as 3500 BC． “If you look really closely, they look 8 … a newborn—be it a pig, a bear or a deer—which… curl up (蜷缩), until it’s time to stretch their body,” said Shuping Deng, a leading researcher from Taiwan who 9 (study) ancient Chinese jade. These jade loongs 10 (imagine) by people whose society and art were still in the early stages (阶段), are “a reflection of deep⁃felt amazement with the changing force of life,” she said. She believes this is what gives the loong its “heartbeat”. 【答案】 1. Though/Although 2. themselves 3. a 4. to create 5. began 6. pieces 7. oldest 8. like 9. studies 10. imagined 【导语】本文主要探讨了龙在中国文化中的特殊地位和起源。 1. 句意：尽管它看起来很可怕，中国人却尊重它，甚至视自己为龙的后代。根据“looks scary”与“respect it”的转折关系，此处需用表示“尽管”的连词，引导让步状语从句。故填Though/Although。    2. 句意：中国人尊重它，甚至视自己为龙的后代。根据“see...as the descendants”可知，此处指中国人把“他们自己”看作龙的后代，需用反身代词。故填themselves。    3. 句意：当一个非常崇拜蛇的强大部落打败其他部落时。“strong tribe”为单数可数名词，此处表泛指“一个”，需用不定冠词，strong以辅音音素开头，不定冠词a符合题意。故填a。 4. 句意：部落会将失败者的图腾动物特征与蛇结合，以创造真正强大的东西。“mix...with...”的目的是“创造”，需用动词不定式表目的。故填to create。 5. 句意：考古学家郭大顺说，龙的概念开始在中国东北形成。根据主句时态“said”可知，宾语从句应用一般过去时，begin的过去式为began。故填began。 6. 句意：考古学家1982年在辽宁阜新发现了一个由花岗岩碎片组成的龙。“piece”为可数名词，“granite pieces”指多块花岗岩碎片，需用复数形式。故填pieces。 7. 句意：它是迄今为止发现的最古老的提供龙形象的艺术品。根据“Dating back to 6000 BC”及“the”可知，此处需用形容词最高级，表示“最古老的”。故填oldest。 8. 句意：如果你仔细看，它们看起来像新生的动物。“look like”为固定短语，意为“看起来像”，符合句意。故填like。 9. 句意：台湾首席研究员邓淑平研究中国古代玉器。句子描述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语“who”指代Shuping Deng（第三人称单数），谓语动词需用三单形式。故填studies。 10. 句意：这些由那些社会和艺术都还处于早期发展阶段的人所构想的玉龙，“反映了他们对生命变化力量的深深惊叹之情”。分析句子可知，空处应该用过去分词imagined作后置定语，修饰“jade loongs”，表被动关系，意为“被想象出来的”。故填imagined。 Passage 6 （2025·江苏泰州·三模）综合填空，在文中空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 The world is changing very fast. Scientific technologies are now influencing almost every field of life. A scientist once said that success in developing scientific technologies would be one of the biggest events 1 history, but he thought some of them might also be the last unless we learn to avoid the risks. For modern society, scientific technologies are amazing 2 humans may face a lot of challenges. Humans 3 (control) by scientific technologies in the future, won’t they? Some people say “Yes”. They think humans will be under control 4 (complete). If computers are implanted (植入) inside brains, things will be much worse. With the 5 (develop) of technologies, robots have taken the place of humans in some fields and some people 6 (lose) their jobs because of that. What’s more, data centres need a large amount of energy to run. At the same time, it produces so much heat all the time that 7 great deal of water is used for cooling. All these may be the risks the scientist referred to. However, other people don’t agree. They are hopeful about the relationship between scientific technologies and humans. They say that scientific technologies have done much for us and made our daily lives much 8 (easy). They can free people from doing housework, 9 (write) articles or even making films. For example, some technologies can change words into short videos easily and make 10 possible for some common people to be directors. Every coin has two sides. Rather than worrying about the risks of scientific technologies, we should learn to use them wisely and manage them well. 【答案】 1. in 2. but 3. will be controlled 4. completely 5. development 6. have lost 7. a 8. easier 9. writing 10. it 【导语】本文主要讨论了科学技术快速发展带来的利弊，以及人类应如何正确看待和利用科技。 1. 句意：一位科学家曾说，发展科学技术的成功将是历史上最重大的事件之一，但他认为，除非我们学会避免风险，否则其中一些也可能是最后一次。in history“在历史上”，是固定搭配。故填in。 2. 句意：对现代社会来说，科学技术是惊人的，但人类可能面临许多挑战。根据“scientific technologies are amazing…humans may face a lot of challenges.”的语境可知，此处句意发生了转折，but“但是”符合。故填but。 3. 句意：未来人类会被科学技术控制，不是吗？根据“in the future”可知，句子时态为一般将来时，主语“Humans”与control为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态。故填will be controlled。 4. 句意：他们认为人类将被完全控制。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词形式，作状语，completely“完全地”符合。故填completely。 5. 句意：随着技术的发展，机器人已在某些领域取代人类，一些人因此失去了工作。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词形式，作宾语，development“发展”，符合。故填development。 6. 句意：随着技术的发展，机器人已在某些领域取代人类，一些人因此失去了工作。此处强调过去动作对现在的影响，句子时态为现在完成时，主语为“some people”，应填have lost。故填have lost。 7. 句意：同时，它一直产生大量热量，以至于需要大量水冷却。a great deal of“大量”，是固定搭配。故填a。 8. 句意：他们说，科学技术为我们做了很多事情，使我们的日常生活变得更加轻松。根据空前的比较级修饰语“much”可知，此处用比较级形式easier。故填easier。 9. 句意：它们能解放人们，使其免于做家务、写文章甚至拍电影。此处与“doing housework”和“making films”并列，用writing。故填writing。 10. 句意：例如，一些技术能轻松将文字转为短视频，并使一些普通人成为导演成为可能。make it possible for sb. to do sth.“使某人有可能做某事”。故填it。 17 / 17乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $