2026年广东省中职英语一轮复习语法情态动词讲义

第八章 情态动词2026/3/25 一、情态动词的含义 情态动词：表示情感或态度的动词，没有人称和数量的变化。 二、情态动词的分类 1. can/could可以；能；会 否定式：can't/couldn't不可以；不能；不会 * could是can的过去式 I could swim 5 years ago. * could表示委婉的语气 Could you help me with my English? 2016-34题Hurry up，or you ______catch the train. A. can't B. needn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't 2015-32题______you wait a few more minutes? It will be your turn soon. A. Must B. Should C. Could D. Might 2. may/might 也去；可能 * may是might的过去式 * may可以表示请求 May I borrow your bike? 3. must/have to必须；不得不 I must go to work on time.（客观） I have to go to work on time.（主观） * mustn't 禁止;不准 You mustn't swim in the river. 2014-27题You______stop your car when the traffic light is red. A. can B. must C. may D. need 4. ought to/should 应该 We should be careful when we have a test. He ought to go outside 5. dare 敢 做情态劫词：后面接动词原形 They dare fight against her. They dare not fight against her. 做实义动词：后面接to do She dares to swim alone She doesn't dare to swim alone. 6. need需要 做情态动词：后面接动词原形 You need go now./You needn't go now. 做实义动词：后面接：to do （need to do sth.） I need to finish the task. I don't need to finish the task. 1. I wrote down the number so that I______remember it. A. should B.could C. must D. need 2. You______play with the knife.You______hurt yourself. A. won't; can't B. couldn't; need C. mustn't; may D. can't; should 3. People in that district______ use oil lamp, for there is no electricity. A. can B.could C.have to D.need * 常见情态动词 情态动词 意思，用法 情态动词 意思，用法 can/could 能 need 需要 be able to do sth. 能够 must 必须禁止; may/might 也许;可能 mustn't 不准 shall 表示请求 have to 不得不 ought to/should 应该 used to 曾经;过去常常 will/would 表示建议请求 had better('d better) 最好 dare 敢 would rather 宁愿 三、情态动词的问答 提问 肯定回答 否定回答 may yes, you may no, you mustn't/can't must yes,you must no, you needn't need yes, you must no, you needn't 例1—Need l finish the work now? —No, you______. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not 例2. —Must I clean the classroom now? —Yes, you______. A. need B. must C. can D. may 四、情态动词表推测 can可能 can't不可能 must 一定 Somebody is knocking at the door. —It can be Mr. Wang. —It can't be Mr. Wang. He went to England yesterday. —It must be Mr. Zhang. He is coming for dinner. 例1.lt______be Tony because he has gone to London. A. can B. can't C. must D. may 2013-28题 He______ be tired, because he began to work just 10 minutes ago. A.needn't B. mustn't C. may not D. can't 五、情态动词+have done may/might have done 过去可能 must have done 过去一定（对过去的肯定；表推测） couldn't have done 过去不可能（表推测） should have done 本应该做（但没做） could have done 本能够做（但没做） needn't have done 本不需要做（但做了） shouldn't have done) 本不应该做（但做了） 例1. The street is wet. It______last night. A. should have rained B. must have rained C. couldn't have rained D. could have rained 例2.Tom______the job before he left rather than give it to me. A. should have finished B. must have finished C. may have finished D. needn't have finished 参考答案 第八章 2016-34题 A 2015-32题 C 2014-27题 B 2013-28题 D 1. B 2. C 3. C 例1. A 例2. B 例1. B 例1. B 例2. A 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $