UNIT 1 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading(教用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（译林版）

Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading After Twenty Years 　　[1]The policeman on the beat① walked along the street as he always did.It was barely②ten o’clock at night.When he had walked about halfway around a certain block， the policeman suddenly slowed down③. [2]In the doorway of a store stood a man， with an unlit④ cigar in his mouth.As the policeman walked up to him the man spoke up quickly. 　　“It’s all right， officer，” he said.“I’m just waiting for a friend. [3]It’s an appointment⑤ made twenty years ago. [4]There used to be a restaurant where this store stands—‘Big Joe’ Brady’s restaurant.” 　　[1]句中as he always did为as引导的方式状语从句，as意为“正如……”。 　　[2]表示地点的介词短语置于句首时，常用完全倒装结构，本句的主语是a man。正常语序为A man， with an unlit cigar in his mouth， stood in the doorway of a store。 　　[3]过去分词短语made twenty years ago作后置定语，修饰名词appointment。 　　[4]There used to be ...意为“过去常常有……”；where引导地点状语从句。 ①on the beat （警察）值勤，当班，巡逻 ②barely adv.刚好；仅仅，勉强可能；几乎不；刚才 ③slow down 放慢，减速 ④unlit adj.未点燃的 ⑤appointment n.约定，约会；任命，委托；职务 appoint vt.任命，委任；安排，确定（时间、地点） 　　“It was here until five years ago，” said the policeman.“It was torn down⑥ then.” 　　The man in the doorway struck a match⑦ and lit his cigar.The light showed a pale face， with keen⑧ eyes， a square jaw and a little white scar⑨ near his right eyebrow⑩.His scarfpin⑪ was a large diamond⑫， oddly set. 　　“Twenty years ago tonight，” said the man， “I dined here with Jimmy Wells， my best friend.He and I were just like two brothers.I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty.The next morning I was to leave New York and travel to the West to make my fortune⑬.[5]Well， we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time， no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come.We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have built a life and made our fortunes.” 　　“It sounds pretty interesting，” said the policeman.“Rather a long time between meetings， though.Haven’t you heard from your friend since you left？” 　　“Well， we kept in touch for a year or two， and then we lost contact.[6]But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive， for he always was the truest and most reliable⑭ fellow in the world.He’ll never forget.I came a thousand miles to stand in this doorway tonight， and it’s worthwhile⑮ if my old partner turns up⑯.” 　　[5]第二个that引导宾语从句，作agreed的宾语；该宾语从句中no matter what引导让步状语从句。that night用作时间状语。 　　[6]句中for意为“因为”，为并列连词，连接表示因果关系的两个并列分句；第一个分句中I know是主句，Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive为省略了引导词that的宾语从句，该宾语从句中if引导条件状语从句。 ⑥tear down 拆毁，拆除 ⑦strike a match 擦/划火柴 ⑧keen adj.灵敏的，敏锐的；渴望，热切，热衷于 ⑨scar n.伤疤；（精神上的）创伤；污点 ⑩eyebrow n.眉毛 ⑪scarfpin n.围巾夹，领带别针 ⑫diamond n.钻石 ⑬make one’s fortune 发财 ⑭reliable adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的 rely vi.依赖；依靠；信赖 ⑮worthwhile adj.值得花时间（或花钱、努力等），重要的，令人愉快的 ⑯turn up （常指出其不意地或经长久等待后）出现，到来，露面 　　The waiting man pulled out a handsome watch， set with small diamonds.It was three minutes to ten. 　　“I’ll be on my way，” said the policeman.“Hope your friend turns up.” 　　“I’ll give him half an hour at least.Bye， officer.” 　　[7]The man who had come a thousand miles to keep an appointment⑰ with the friend of his youth smoked his cigar and waited.[8]About twenty minutes later， a tall man in a long overcoat， with collar⑱ turned up to his ears， hurried toward him. 　　[7]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词man；动词不定式短语to keep an appointment with the friend of his youth作目的状语。 　　[8]with复合结构“with＋宾语＋过去分词短语（宾语补足语）”作状语。 ⑰ keep an appointment赴约，践约 ⑱ collar n.衣领；颈圈；圈，箍 　　“Is that you， Bob？” he asked， doubtfully. 　　“Is that you， Jimmy Wells？” shouted the man in the doorway. 　　“Bless⑲ my heart！” cried the new arrival.“Well， well， well！[9]Twenty years is a long time！How has the West treated you， old man？” 　　“It has given me everything I asked it for.You’ve changed lots， Jimmy.I never thought you were tall by two or three inches⑳.” 　　“Oh， I grew a bit after I was twenty.Come on， Bob；we’ll go to a place I know and have a good long talk about old times.” 　　The two men walked up the street， arm in arm㉑.The man from the West was beginning to outline㉒ the history of his career.[10]At the corner stood a drugstore， brilliant with electric lights.Each of them turned to stare at the other’s face.The man from the West stopped suddenly and released his arm. 　　[9]时间复数名词Twenty years作主语时，作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 　　[10]表示地点的介词短语At the corner置于句首，句子使用完全倒装。形容词短语brilliant with electric lights用作后置定语；正常语序为A drugstore， brilliant with electric lights， stood at the corner。 ⑲ bless vt.（表示惊奇）；祝福 blessing n.祝福；幸运 blessed adj.有福的 ⑳ inch n.英寸；少量，短距离 ㉑arm in arm 臂挽着臂 ㉒outline vt.概述，略述 n.概述；轮廓线，略图 　　“As I suspected㉓， you’re not Jimmy Wells，” he said， impatiently with anger.[11]“Twenty years is a long time， but not long enough to change the shape of a man’s nose.” 　　“It sometimes changes a good man into a bad one，” said the tall man， taking charge of㉔ the situation.“You’ve been under arrest㉕ for ten minutes，‘Silky’ Bob.Chicago police thought you might have dropped over our way and wired㉖ us.They want to have a chat with you.Before we go to the station， here’s a note for you.It’s from Patrolman Wells.” 　　The man from the West unfolded the paper.The note was rather short. 　　“Bob： I was at the appointed place on time㉗.[12]When you struck the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the criminal㉘ wanted in Chicago.Anyhow㉙ I couldn’t arrest you myself， so I got a plain-clothes㉚ man to do the job.JIMMY.” 　　（Adapted from O.Henry’s short story of the same title） 　　[11]句中long enough to change ... 为“形容词＋enough＋to do sth”结构。 　　[12]句中When引导时间状语从句，动词不定式短语to light your cigar用作目的状语；主句谓语动词saw之后接省略that的宾语从句it was the face of the criminal wanted in Chicago。 ㉓ suspect vt.& vi.疑有，觉得 n.嫌疑犯，可疑对象 ㉔take charge of 负责；控制，掌管 ㉕ arrest n.& vt.逮捕，拘捕 under arrest 被逮捕 ㉖ wire vt.给（某人）打电 报；接通（电源） n.金属丝；电线；铁丝网 ㉗ on time 按时，准时 ㉘criminal n.罪犯 adj.犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的 crime n.犯罪活动；不法行为 ㉙ anyhow adv.不过，总之；尽管；而且；随便地 ㉚ plain-clothes adj.穿便衣的 参考译文 二十年后 　　当班巡逻的警察像往常一样沿街走着。差不多要到晚上十点了。当他绕着一个街区走了大约一半时，突然放慢了脚步。一个男人站在一家店门口，嘴里叼着一支未点燃的雪茄。当警察向他走来时，那个男人立马大声开口说话了。 　　“没什么事，警官，”他说，“我只是在等一个朋友。这是二十年前定下的一个约定。这家店的位置以前是一家餐馆——‘大乔’布雷迪餐厅。” 　　“直到五年前它还在这里，”警察说，“后来被拆掉了。” 　　门口那个男人划了根火柴，点燃了雪茄。火光映出他苍白的脸，他有一双锐利的眼睛，方下巴，右边眉毛附近还有一道小小的白色伤疤。他的领带夹是一颗硕大的钻石，镶嵌得有些古怪。 　　“二十年前的今晚，”那个男人说，“我和我最好的朋友吉米·韦尔斯在这里吃饭。他和我就像兄弟俩。那时我十八岁，吉米二十岁。第二天早上，我就要离开纽约，出发去西部发财。好吧，那天晚上我们约定，二十年后的同一日期、同一时间，我们将再次在此相聚，不管我们的处境将会如何，也不管来的路程会有多远。我们觉得，二十年的时间里，我们两个都会拥有自己的生活，并且发家致富。” 　　“听起来很不错，”警察说，“不过两次会面间隔了相当长的时间。自从你离开后，你难道没有收到过你朋友的信息？” 　　“哦，我们联络了一两年，然后就断了联系。但是我知道如果吉米还活着就一定会来这里见我，因为他一直是这个世界上最真诚、最可靠的伙伴。他绝对不会忘的。我千里迢迢赶过来，就是为了今晚能站在这个门口，如果我的老伙计出现，那一切都是值得的。” 　　等待的男人掏出一块镶有小钻石的精致手表。还有三分钟就到十点了。 　　“我得走了，”警察说，“希望你的朋友出现。” 　　“我至少会再等他半小时。再见，警官。” 　　那个千里迢迢赶来与年少时的朋友赴约的男人抽着雪茄，等待着。大约二十分钟后，一个高个子男人急匆匆地径直向他走来。那人穿着一件长大衣，衣领竖着，翻到耳朵边。 　　“是你吗，鲍勃？”他迟疑地问道。 　　“是你吗，吉米·韦尔斯？”门口的男人喊道。 　　“老天保佑！”新来的人大声说，“啧，啧，啧！二十年可真久啊！西部对你怎么样，老伙计？” 　　“它给了我想要的一切。你的变化不小啊，吉米。我根本没想到你长高了两三英寸。” 　　“哦，二十岁过后我又长了点个儿。来吧，鲍勃，我们去一个我知道的地方，好好叙叙旧。” 　　两个人臂挽着臂沿街走着。那个西部来的男人开始讲起他的事业成功史。街拐角处有一家药店，电灯通明。两人都转过身来仔细看着对方的脸。西部来的男人突然停了下来，松开了他的手臂。 　　“正如我所怀疑的，你不是吉米·韦尔斯，” 他愤怒且不耐烦地说道，“二十年确实很长，但还没长到改变一个人鼻子的形状。” 　　“二十年的时间有时候会把一个好人变成坏人，”高个子男人一边说着，一边掌控住了局势。“你已经被捕十分钟了，‘滑头’鲍勃。芝加哥警方料到你可能会顺道来我们这里，给我们发了电报。他们想和你聊聊。在我们去警局之前，这还有张便条给你，是巡警韦尔斯写的。” 　　那个西部来的男人展开了纸条。这张便条相当短。 　　“鲍勃：我准时到了约定的地点。你划火柴点雪茄时，我发现这就是芝加哥被警方通缉的那个罪犯的脸。无论如何，我自己不忍心逮捕你，所以我找了一位便衣警察来做这件事。吉米。” 　　　（改编自欧·亨利的同名短篇小说） 第一步：析架构，理文本脉络 Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks. 第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫 Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer. 1.For what purpose did Bob travel to the West twenty years ago？（　　） A.To make his fortune.　 B.To meet his friend. C.To enjoy the scenery.　 D.To join the army. 2.What do we know about “Big Joe” Brady’s restaurant from the passage？（　　） A.It was run by Bob and Jimmy together. B.It was still in business after twenty years. C.It was a famous restaurant in the neighbourhood. D.It was the place where Bob and Jimmy had promised to meet. 3.What can be inferred from the man’s words about Jimmy？（　　） A.He felt disappointed at not seeing Jimmy. B.He firmly believed Jimmy was a reliable person. C.He and Jimmy never contacted each other before. D.Jimmy was too far away to arrive on time. 4.When did Jimmy know Bob was the criminal wanted in Chicago？（　　） A.When Bob was arrested. B.After they had a long chat. C.When he saw Bob at the first sight. D.When Bob struck a match to light his cigar. 5.What was Jimmy’s career？（　　） A.He was a businessman. B.He was a policeman. C.He was a criminal. D.He was a restaurant owner. 6.Why did the tall man turn up his collar to the ears？（　　） A.Because it was too cold. B.Because he didn’t want to see Bob. C.Because he was afraid of seeing the policeman. D.Because he didn’t want to be recognised by Bob. 7.What’s the purpose of this short story？（　　） A.To warn us not to be late for meeting friends. B.To change people’s usual impression of friendship. C.To show us how exciting it is to meet a friend after twenty years. D.To tell us to make a right decision concerning the moral values. 答案：1－7　ADBDBDD 第三步：通词句，学语言表达 1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词 由barely联想-ly副词构词法 barely adv.刚好；仅仅，勉强可能；几乎不；刚才“bare＋-ly”，表示一种程度。 后缀 用法及意义 例词 -ly 加在形容词之后 表示某种状态 cheerfully，slightly，simply，possibly，excitedly 表示某个方面 economically，technically 表示时间 recently，regularly，usually -ly 加在形容词之后 表示次序 firstly，secondly 表示方向 eastwardly，northwardly 表示程度或范围 completely，deeply，highly 2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法 伏笔是文学创作中叙事的一种情节安排技巧，指作者对将要在作品中出现的人物或事件，预先作的提示或暗示。伏笔用得好，可使全文前后呼应，结构更严谨，情节发展更合理，前因后果更分明。 课文After Twenty Years的结尾既在意料之外，又在情理之中，这是因为作者在文中早就埋下了伏笔。请从课文中找出使用伏笔的句子。 （1）　The man in the doorway struck a match and lit his cigar.The light showed a pale face， with keen eyes， a square jaw and a little white scar near his right eyebrow.His scarfpin was a large diamond， oddly set.　 （2）　“It has given me everything I asked it for.You’ve changed lots， Jimmy.I never thought you were tall by two or three inches.”　 核心词汇集释 1.appointment n.约定，约会；任命，委托；职务 教材原句　It’s an appointment made twenty years ago. 这是二十年前定下的一个约定。 【用法】 （1）make/have an appointment with sb　 与某人约定/约会 keep/break an appointment　　守/违（爽）约 （2）appoint vt. 　　安排，确定（时间、地点）；任命，委任 appoint sb as/to be ...　任命/委任某人为…… appoint sb to do sth　指定/委派某人做某事 （3）appointed adj.　　　　　约定的，指定的 at the appointed time/place　　在约定的时间/地点 【佳句】　A punctual person is in the habit of doing a thing at the proper time and never breaks an appointment. 一个守时的人有在适当的时间做一件事的习惯，从不违约。 【点津】　appointment表示“约会”时，通常用作可数名词；表示“任命；任职”时，多为不可数名词。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The company appointed him 　to be　 （be） the new sales manager because of his excellent performance. ②I was appointed 　to take　 （take） charge of arranging all the activities on that day. ③All the participants are required to gather at the 　appointed　（appoint）place before 8 o’clock in the morning. ④（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Shortly after Mr Rochester bought the hotel， he made an 　appointment　 （appoint）to see the hotel manager. 【写美】　句式升级 ⑤He was appointed as president of the university yesterday.He is giving a speech on the platform now. →　Appointed as president of the university yesterday　， he is giving a speech on the platform now.（分词作状语） 2.keen adj.灵敏的，敏锐的；渴望，热切，热衷于 教材原句　The light showed a pale face， with keen eyes， a square jaw and a little white scar near his right eyebrow. 火光映出他苍白的脸，他有一双锐利的眼睛，方下巴，右边眉毛附近还有一道小小的白色伤疤。 【用法】 be keen to do sth　 渴望做某事 be keen on ...　　喜爱；对……着迷/有兴趣 have a keen interest in ...　　对……有强烈兴趣 have a keen eye for ...　　对……有敏锐的眼光 【佳句】　She is keen to learn a new language， so she signed up for a Spanish course. 她渴望学习一门新语言，所以报名参加了西班牙语课程。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①They are keen 　to get　 （get） the negotiating process back on the rails as soon as possible. ②She doesn’t like Biology， but she’s very keen 　on　 Physics. ③The art critic has a keen eye 　for　 spotting emerging talents in the art world. 【写美】　完成句子 ④My brother 　is really keen on playing basketball　 and he plays it every weekend. 我弟弟非常喜爱打篮球，他每个周末都打。 3.lose contact 失去联系 教材原句　Well， we kept in touch for a year or two， and then we lost contact. 哦，我们联络了一两年，然后就断了联系。 【用法】 （1）contact vt.　　 联络，联系 n.　　联系；接触 contact sb at ...　　通过……与某人联系 （2）get in/make contact with　　与……取得联系 lose contact with　　与……失去联系 keep in contact with　　与……保持联系 be in/out of contact with　　与……有/没有联系 【佳句】　I got in/made contact with the soldier ten years ago， so we have kept in contact with each other for ten years.In my view， we will never lose contact with each other again. 我十年前和这位士兵取得联系，因此我们已经彼此联系十年了。 在我看来，我们再也不会失去联系了。 【练透】　语块填空 ①I’ve 　got in/made contact with　（与……取得联系） my former classmates recently， and we plan to have a reunion. ②I always try to 　keep in contact with　 （与……保持联系） my childhood friends，even though we live in different cities. ③The hiker was 　out of contact with　 （与……失去联系） civilization for days as he explored the remote wilderness. 【写美】　翻译句子 ④如果你有任何问题，可以通过这个电话号码联系我。 　You can contact me at this phone number if you have any questions.　（contact） 4.reliable adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的 教材原句　But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive， for he always was the truest and most reliable fellow in the world. 但是我知道如果吉米还活着就一定会来这里见我，因为他一直是这个世界上最真诚、最可靠的伙伴。 【用法】 （1）reliable sources　　可靠消息来源 reliable information　　可靠的信息 reliable quality　　质量可靠 （2）rely vi.　　依赖，依靠，信赖 rely on/upon sb/sth　　依靠/依赖/指望某人/某事 rely on/upon sb to do sth 　依靠/依赖/指望某人做某事 rely on/upon it that ...　相信/指望……（it为形式宾语，that从句是真正的宾语） （3）reliability n.　　可靠性 【佳句】　Actually， he is an honest and reliable person， whom you can depend on. 实际上，他是一个诚实、可靠的人，你可以信赖他。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①You may rely on 　it　 that all her relatives will show up at the wedding ceremony. ②（2024·全国甲卷）For instance， almost all animals have distinct vocals（声音）that they rely 　on　 to either ask for help， scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. ③（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a 　reliable　 （rely） weekly supply of fresh greens. 【写美】　句式升级 ④You may rely on him to act like a decent guy. →You may 　rely on it that　 he may act like a decent guy.（it作形式宾语） 5.worthwhile adj.值得花时间（或花钱、努力等），重要的，令人愉快的 教材原句　I came a thousand miles to stand in this doorway tonight， and it’s worthwhile if my old partner turns up.我千里迢迢赶过来，就是为了今晚能站在这个门口，如果我的老伙计出现，那一切都是值得的。 【用法】 值得做某事 （2）be worthy （3）be worth 【佳句】　Though the book is a bit dear， it is worthwhile buying/to buy it. 虽然这本书虽然有点贵，但值得买。 【点津】　（1）worth一般用作表语，其前可用程度副词well修饰，不能用very修饰。be worth doing为主动形式表示被动意义；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。 （2）worthy作定语修饰名词时，表示“值得尊敬的，值得敬仰的”，作表语时表示“值得（或应得）……的”。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①As a matter of fact，all the endangered animals are well worthy of 　being protected　 （protect）. ②Even though you disagree with the principles， they are still worth 　listening　 （listen） to. ③Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture，I think it is worthwhile 　experiencing/to experience　 （experience） this festival. 【写美】　一句多译 ④这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。 →The reference book 　is worth buying　， because it is a great help for your study.（worth） →The reference book 　is worthy to be bought　， because it is a great help for your study.（worthy） →The reference book 　is worthy of being bought　， because it is a great help for your study.（worthy） →　It is worthwhile buying/to buy　 the reference book， because it is a great help for your study.（worthwhile） 6.suspect vt.& vi.疑有，觉得 n.嫌疑犯，可疑对象 教材原句　“As I suspected， you’re not Jimmy Wells，” he said， impatiently with anger. “正如我所怀疑的，你不是吉米·韦尔斯，” 他愤怒且不耐烦地说道。 【用法】 （1）suspect （that）...　 　怀疑/认为…… suspect ... of （doing/having done） sth　　怀疑……（做了）某事 suspect sb/sth as/to be ... 　　怀疑某人/某物是…… （2）suspicious adj.　　怀疑的；可疑的 be suspicious of/about　　对……怀疑 （3）suspicion n.　　怀疑，可疑；嫌疑 【佳句】　—Do you think she’ll have told them？ —I suspect not/so. ——你认为她会不会已经告诉他们了？ ——我想不会/会的。 【联想】　用于“动词＋sb/sth＋of ...”结构的常用动词还有inform、advise、remind、cure、heal、warn、convince、accuse、relieve、rid、rob等。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The police suspect the young fellow 　of　 having stolen the car. ②If you see something 　suspicious　 （suspect）， inform the police at once. ③They suspect the package 　to be　 （be） a bomb and have called the bomb squad. 【写美】　句型转换/句式升级 ④We suspect that he is ill， for we haven’t seen him for a long time. →We 　suspect him to be ill　， for we haven’t seen him for a long time. ⑤Because she was suspected of being involved in the attempted murder， she was questioned by the police. →　Suspected of being involved in the attempted murder　， she was questioned by the police.（过去分词短语作状语） 7.under arrest 被逮捕 教材原句　“You’ve been under arrest for ten minutes， ‘Silky’ Bob ...” “你已经被捕十分钟了，‘滑头’鲍勃……” 【用法】 under attack　　 受到袭击，受到攻击 under control　　处于控制之下，被控制住 under threat　　受到威胁 under pressure　　在压力下，承受压力 under construction　　正在建设之中 under discussion　　在讨论之中 【佳句】　The man was under arrest on suspicion of murder. 这个男人因涉嫌谋杀而被逮捕。 【练透】　语块填空 ①When an animal is 　under attack　 （受到攻击）， it can run away or fight back. ②Many species are 　under threat　 （受到威胁）due to environmental pollution and habitat destruction. ③Put your hands in the air. You’re 　under arrest　 （被逮捕了）. 【写美】　翻译句子 ④经过数小时的努力，火势终于得到了控制。 　After hours of efforts， the fire was finally under control.　 8.innocent adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的n.无辜者，单纯的人 教材原句　How I wish he were innocent！ 我多么希望他是无辜的！ 【用法】 （1）be innocent （of sth） ... ……是无辜的 an innocent child　一个天真无邪的孩子 （2）innocence n. 　　天真；单纯；无罪 （3）innocently adv.　　纯洁地；无罪地 【佳句】　（外研选必三Unit 6）By recalling his memories as a child during the first snow， the author expresses his longing for the innocent happiness of childhood. 作者通过回忆自己小时候初下雪时的情景，表达了对童年天真快乐的深深怀念。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①“Have I done anything wrong？” she asked 　innocently　 （innocent）. ②He firmly believes that she is innocent 　of　 the crime. ③Her 　innocence　 （innocent） and frankness when being interviewed added to her appeal. 【写美】　完成句子 ④She 　smiled innocently　， not realizing the impact of her words. 她天真地笑了笑，没有意识到自己的话所产生的影响。 重点句型解构 ◇句型公式：完全倒装句 教材原句　In the doorway of a store stood a man， with an unlit cigar in his mouth. 一个男人站在一家店门口，嘴里叼着一支未点燃的雪茄。 【用法】 常见的完全倒装的情况： （1）表示地点的介词短语置于句首强调地点概念，谓语动词为be，stand，lie，hang，come，walk，sit等不及物动词，且句子的主语是名词时。 （2）There be句型。其中be可以换为exist，lie，live，stand，remain等动词。 （3）副词here，there，now，then等置于句首，谓语动词是be，come，go等，且句子的主语是名词时。 （4）表示运动方向的副词in，out，up，down，away，off，back，over等置于句首，谓语动词是come，go，follow，rush，run，fly等表示运动的不及物动词，且句子的主语是名词时。 【品悟】　Then came a familiar voice，which made Jane wild with joy.　（情感描写） 接着传来一个熟悉的声音，这让简欣喜若狂。 Present at the concert were many famous actors. 很多著名的演员都出席了音乐会。 Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris. 在那些突破传统画法的画家中有印象派画家，他们在巴黎生活和工作。 【点津】　（1）在完全倒装句中，谓语动词的数要与后面主语的数保持一致。 （2）完全倒装句的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词，则用正常语序。 【写美】　完成句子/句式升级 ①　Above that is　 the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. 在那上面是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。 ②Into the complete silence of the waiting class 　came the teacher’s sweet voice　， “Good morning， children.” 在全班同学静静地等待中传来了老师甜甜的嗓音：“孩子们，早上好。” ③Then 　came the final awards ceremony　 at the end of the year. 年终颁奖典礼终于来临了。 ④Once upon a time 　there lived a doctor　 known by the name of Hua Tuo. 从前有个名医叫华佗。 ⑤Our library lies in the centre of our school.Our library is between the garden and the teaching building. →In the centre of our school 　lies our library， which is between the garden and the teaching building　.（完全倒装句；非限制性定语从句） ⑥The Grand Hotel was built in 1990.And it sits on the seaside along the South Coast Highway. →On the seaside along the South Coast Highway 　sits the Grand Hotel built in 1990　.（倒装句） 维度一：品句填词 根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。 1.I suspect　 that he has already known the truth but he is just pretending not. 2.Because the diamond　 is absorbing blue light， it appears yellow in ordinary light. 3.After hours of searching， they finally found a decent　 hotel to stay in. 4.He often conflicted with his colleagues， so he decided on resigning　. 5.She found it worthwhile　 to volunteer at the local shelter every weekend. 6.When the war broke out， someone had cut the phone 　wires　 （电线）. 7.The police are working hard to identify the 　criminal　 （罪犯） who committed the robbery last night. 8.She was wearing a red dress with a small white bow on the 　collar　 （衣领）. 9.He made an 　outline　 （概述） of his views and would present it at the meeting. 10.The basic 　principle　（原理） of this machine is quite simple once you understand it. 维度二：词形转换 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1.It was so foggy that we could 　barely　 （bare） see the road in front of us. 2.She always keeps her 　appointments　（appoint）， which shows her good sense of responsibility. 3.His hands were 　scarred　 （scar）from years of working with sharp tools in the workshop. 4.Car park owners should be 　legally　 （legal） responsible for protecting vehicles. 5.The police arrested a 25-year-old man at the scene on 　suspicion　 （suspect） of murder. 6.As a babysitter， she is extremely 　reliable　 （rely）. The kids love her and parents trust her completely. 7.If someone is 　innocent　 （innocence）， it means he did not commit a crime which he has been accused of. 维度三：固定搭配和句式 根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。 1.在远处有一个美丽的湖泊，我们经常去那里钓鱼。（完全倒装） In the distance 　lies a beautiful lake　 where we often go fishing. 2.这两个朋友手挽手沿着海滩散步，愉快地交谈着。（arm in arm） The two friends 　walked arm in arm along the beach　， chatting happily. 3.不管有多困难，我都要追求我的梦想。（“no matter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句） 　No matter how difficult it is　， I will pursue my dream. 4.我发现这个故事非常有趣，爱不释手。（find＋宾语＋宾语补足语） I 　find the story very interesting　 and can’t put it down. 5.这位著名作家写的书在读者中很受欢迎。（过去分词短语作后置定语） 　The book written by the famous author　 is very popular among readers. 6.他已足够成熟，可以自己做决定了。（“形容词/副词＋enough＋to do sth”结构） He is 　old enough to make his own decisions　. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·苏州姑苏区月考）Wherever on the globe she may be， humanitarian Nyamayaro keeps close to her native Africa by carrying a yellow dress. “It reminds me of the bright， beautiful African sky I used to see in my small village，” she tells People. Nyamayaro’s life path wasn’t always so high-profile. Growing up， she assumed she’d spent her life contributing to her village， and farming in the fields like the other women around her. But a chance encounter with a United Nations worker that came amid a severe drought altered that path forever. 　　“I will never forget that day，” Nyamayaro says. “A child dies from hunger every five seconds， and I almost became one of those children. A severe drought had hit our village when I turned 8 years old and suddenly， my paradise changed overnight and there was nothing to eat or drink. I thought I was going to die. It felt like there was no way of getting out of this. But then this incredible thing happened： an African， who was a United Nations humanitarian， found me and gave me a bowl of porridge that saved my life.” The chance encounter provided more than just lifesaving nourishment — it opened the doors as to what could be possible for her， who immediately set her sights on working for the United Nations just like her savior. 　　“I think I want to be like her， so that one day I can change the lives of others. I’m so grateful for that moment， which was very devastating， because it gave my life so much meaning and purpose. The woman showed me what was possible. Sometimes one moment can really change your entire life.” 　　Just as the United Nations worker opened her eyes to opportunities previously unknown， Nyamayaro hopes girls from Africa can do the same for children growing up in villages just like her， as she knows her story is not unique. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过非洲人道主义者Nyamayaro努力改变自己和他人生活的故事告诉我们：有志者事竟成。 1.Why is a yellow dress mentioned in paragraph 1？（　　） A.It stands for her bright future. B.It highlights her personal preference. C.It is related to the scenery of her hometown. D.It is the lucky color of her hometown. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第一段前两句可推断，Nyamayaro穿的黄色连衣裙能联系到家乡的景色。 2.Why did Nyamayaro want to be a humanitarian？（　　） A.To get rid of the poverty as soon as possible. B.To shoulder the responsibility of helping others. C.To seek for chances to broaden her mind. D.To set an example for the whole country. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的But then this incredible thing ... that saved my life.和最后一句可知，因为一个人道主义者帮助了Nyamayaro这件事让她想要去帮助别人，即Nyamayaro想成为人道主义者是因为她想承担起帮助他人的责任。 3.What does Nyamayaro’s career story tell us？（　　） A.Fame is a great thirst of the young. B.Success means getting persons’ desires satisfied. C.Ups and downs make one strong. D.Where there’s a will， there’s a way. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是最后一段可知，Nyamayaro成为人道主义者帮助他人是因为受到帮助她的人的启发，下定决心要去做这件事，并且成功了。D项“有志者事竟成”是这个故事要告诉我们的道理。 4.Where is this passage most likely from？（　　） A.A magazine.　　 B.A novel. C.A brochure.　　 D.A guidebook. 解析：A　文章出处题。本文主要讲述人道主义者Nyamayaro小时候得到别人的帮助，这件事对她影响很大，让她下定决心以后去帮助别人的故事。由此推断，这种励志故事最有可能能出现在杂志上。 B 　　（2025·安徽安庆七中月考）When Wilson was 10 years old， he promised his mother that one day she would never again have to wash other people’s clothes for a living and he was going to start his own business and support her. His mother just nodded silently， knowing no member of their family had ever owned a business. 　　Years passed， but Wilson’s dream did not. After high school， Wilson joined the army， where his goal of one day owning a family restaurant began to take shape. He signed up for the food service school there and he became such an excellent cook that he was promoted to the officers’ dining hall. 　　After he left the army at 28， he worked as a police officer for the following fifteen years. When he felt he was in need of the business skills for his business， he took business classes at night in his off-hours. “I also saved every cent I earned as a police officer，” he recalled. “For ten years， I didn’t spend one cent — there were no movies， no vacations， and no trips.” 　　By 2013， with enough savings， Wilson decided to make his dream a reality. He opened his first restaurant. However， the first few months were a failure. Wilson quickly changed his business strategy and once a week he offered his employees （雇员） classes in customer service and management. He encouraged them to develop personal and professional goals. He always stressed that the faster and more efficiently the employees served the customers， the more profitable that way would be. 　　Today， Wilson owns nine restaurants and employs over four hundred people. In the community， Wilson funded athletic teams and scholarships （奖学金） to get kids off the streets and into community centers and schools. Then his restaurants became profitable， earning much more than before. More importantly， Wilson paved the way for thousands of ordinary young people who are working to make their dreams a reality， helping their communities， and serving up hope. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Wilson通过努力实现梦想， 最终成功开设多家餐厅并帮助社区的故事。 5.Why did Wilson want to start his own business at first？（　　） A.To become a great cook. B.To help his mother economically. C.To cheer his mother up. D.To set an example for his family. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据文章首句可知，Wilson最初创业的目的是帮助母亲摆脱经济困境。 6.What did Wilson focus on besides his major work in his 30s？（　　） A.Plans for realizing his dream. B.Setting up business schools. C.Preparations for enjoying life. D.Working as a police officer. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，Wilson在三十多岁时除了完成自己的主要工作外，在下班之余学习商业课程，并且节省每一分钱。由此推断，他专注于为实现梦想做准备。 7.How did Wilson improve his restaurant after it failed？（　　） A.By increasing the number of his employees. B.By cutting down the profits of his restaurant. C.By offering his workers professional training. D.By meeting customers’ needs as much as possible. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Wilson quickly change ...in customer service and management.可知，Wilson通过为员工提供专业培训来改善餐厅经营状况。 8.Which of the following can best describe Wilson？（　　） A.Easy-going and honest. B.Self-centered and curious. C.Warm-hearted and wise. D.Strong-willed and helpful. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第三段以及最后一段第二句可知，Wilson坚持不懈，努力实现梦想，并通过自己的成功帮助社区和年轻人。由此推断，他是一个坚强且乐于助人的人。 C 　　（2025·苏州姑苏一中月考）As Alexandria Country Day School’s sixth-graders created small 3D printed villages to address homelessness， they learned lessons far beyond technology. 　　“It Takes a Village” began as a project for a science class — inspired by life-size 3D printed homes built by Austin， Texas-based technology company Icon， whose aim is to make affordable housing accessible to everyone. 　　The tech-focused project quickly developed into an exercise to bring about lasting change， said science teacher Alison McDonald. “When most people think of helping the homeless， they think of food and clothing drives，” said Juliet Galicia， 11. While necessary， those are temporary solutions. Even housing by itself is not a complete solution. In designing their leave-homelessness-behind neighborhoods， shelters， food stores and schools came first. But to build a sense of belonging and purpose， the communities also emphasised areas for frequent interaction among residents. “We wanted to include extras that would make it feel more like a real community，” said Luke Wazorko， 11. 　　“They get it！” said Amber Fogarty， president of Mobile Loaves & Fishes， a non-profit organization dealing with homelessness in Austin， after learning about the sixth-graders’ project. “The biggest cause of long-term homelessness is a loss in family relationships，” she said. “Housing alone will never solve homelessness， but the community will. People need a place where they are known and loved.” 　　Many companies around the world are experimenting with this technology. So far， only interior （内部的） and exterior walls are 3D printed. A team of three to four people complete that task using a computer app and monitoring the process. Roofing， doors， windows， and finishing still need carpenters （木工）， electricians and painters. Designs are adaptable to individual preferences. Amber Fogarty said， “It’s a journey of discovery. We don’t know what the future holds for this new technology， but we’re excited about its innovative possibilities.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一群六年级学生通过3D打印技术来为无家可归者建立了一个社区。文章介绍了人们对此的看法。 9.What gave the sixth-graders the idea of starting the project？（　　） A.The technology of an organization. B.People’s need for affordable homes. C.3D printed homes made by a company. D.Suggestions from their science teacher. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，一家公司制作的3D打印房屋让六年级学生有了开始这个项目的想法。 10.What can we infer about the project from paragraph 3？（　　） A.It was too expensive for the homeless. B.It aimed to create a sense of community. C.It found a solution to housing problems. D.It hardly considered people’s daily needs. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知，这个项目旨在创造一种社区意识。 11.What did Amber Fogarty think of the project？（　　） A.It showed that the homeless were cared for. B.It collected a lot of money for the homeless. C.It provided a chance for the homeless to work. D.It made people in the community accept the homeless. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，安布尔·福格蒂认为这个项目表明无家可归的人得到了照顾。 12.What would be the best title for the text？（　　） A.3D printed homes set a good example to future homes B.Homeless people receive plenty of help from organizations C.Showing kindness to the homeless is important in the community D.Students use 3D printing to create a community for the homeless 解析：D　标题归纳题。文章讲述了六年级学生受3D打印房屋启发，设计融合住房与社区功能的方案，探索科技与人文结合解决无家可归问题。D项（学生们用3D打印技术为无家可归者创建一个社区）适合作为文章标题。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　When you hear the word “integrity”， it can feel weighty.In simple words， integrity means sticking to values and morals.13.（　　） So let’s get started. 　　You build better relationships. 　　14.（　　） The best benefit of having integrity is because you are honest with whomever you meet， you build effective relationships with others， including your family and your classmates.When you have integrity， you will naturally get high-quality relationships. 　　Your credibility （信誉） increases. 　　Without question integrity increases your credibility a lot.15.（　　） It is in people’s nature to believe in someone who has moral values and ethics （道德标准）.You basically become a man of your word. 　　Your level of confidence increases. 　　When you have integrity， your level of confidence automatically increases.Without integrity， you will find it uncomfortable to be honest with yourself， so it’s hard to figure out just where you are within yourself.Naturally， your self-confidence drops.16.（　　） 　　You get leadership skills. 　　When people start trusting you， you get leadership abilities.17.（　　） Leadership is not only one of the finest qualities that a person can possess， but also an important life skill that youth should learn in their development. A.When you have integrity， you sleep well at night. B.Integrity is very important to improving your relationships. C.People start putting their trust in you when you have integrity. D.A person with integrity becomes a natural inspiration to others. E.All in all， integrity makes you feel very sure about the person you are. F.In order to get success in life， one should know why integrity is important. G.This is the reason why you will see that most leaders are people who have integrity. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了诚实正直的品质在生活中很重要的几个原因。 13.F　上文介绍了诚实正直的含义，下面几段介绍了拥有诚实正直的品质在生活中很重要的几个原因，故F项符合语境。 14.B　根据本段小标题“你会建立更好的关系”可知，B项（诚实正直的品质对于改善人际关系非常重要）符合语境。B项中的relationships与小标题中的relationships以及空后两次出现的relationships构成原词复现。 15.C　设空处前一句说明诚实正直的品质会大大提高你的信誉，设空处后一句指出信任拥有道德价值和标准的人是人类的天性。因此，C项（如果你拥有诚实正直的价值观，人们就会开始信任你）符合语境。C项中的trust与上文中的credibility和下文中的believe in相呼应。 16.E　上文指出如果你是一个诚实正直的人，那么你的自信心自然会变强。反之，自信心就会下降。因此，E项（总之，诚实正直的品质能让你对自己充满信心）符合语境。E项中的feel very sure about the person you are与空前的self-confidence相呼应。 17.G　上文说明当人们开始信任你时，你就拥有了领导力。下文指出领导力不仅仅是最优秀的品质之一，也是年轻人在成长过程中应该学习的一项重要生活技能。因此，G项（这就是为什么你会发现大多数领导者都是诚实正直的人）符合语境。G项中的leaders与设空处前后均出现的leadership相呼应。 23 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $