UNIT 3 Section Ⅲ Integrated skills-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教用课件（译林版）

该高中英语课件聚焦“个人职业规划书”写作，涵盖写作结构（开头目标、主体规划、结尾展望）、常用词汇句式及典例示范，通过讲座背景任务导入，以词汇积累、句式运用、篇章构建为脉络，搭建从基础输入到综合输出的学习支架。 其亮点在于以语言能力为核心，通过非限制性定语从句、强调句等句式升级提升表达准确性，结合审题谋篇培养思维品质，即时演练与课时检测强化学习能力。如典例体验中“四步写作法”引导学生从遣词造句到连句成篇，既助学生掌握应用文写作技巧，又培养职业规划意识，为教师提供系统教学资源，提升课堂效率。

Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills 撰写一份个人职业规划书 目 录 01 写作指导·增底蕴 02 典例体验·提素能 04 课时检测·提能力 03 核心知识·巧突破 写作指导·增底蕴 目 录 　　本单元要求撰写一份个人职业规划书。个人职业规划书是指 对自己的兴趣、爱好、能力、特点等进行综合分析与权衡，结合 时代特点，明确自己对未来职业的选择，作好自己的人生规划， 思考自己应该努力的方向和具备的素质而撰写的一种应用文体。 具体写作结构如下： 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 一、写作常用词汇 1. goal n. 目标 2. ambition n. 抱负，志向 3. vision n. 愿景 4. recruit vt. 招募，招聘 5. career path n. 职业道路 6. professional development 职业发展 7. ideal jobs 理想的工作 8. competency n. 能力，技能 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 9. strength n. 优势 10. weakness n. 劣势 11. opportunity n. 机会 12. qualification n. 资格 13. do an internship 实习 14. promotion n. 晋升 15. transfer v. 调动 16. apply for 申请 17. realize one’s dream 实现某人的梦想 18. retire v. 退休 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 二、写作常用句式（注意加蓝部分的表达） 1. When it comes to my career in the future， I hope I will be a journalist. 谈到我未来的职业，我希望我能成为一名记者。 2. The reason why I choose this career is that teachers possess a high social status and are respected. 我之所以选择这个职业，是因为教师拥有很高的社会地位，受人 尊重。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 3. I think I have the following advantages.On the one hand， I have patience， and on the other hand， I love children. 我认为我有以下优势。一方面，我有耐心，另一方面，我喜爱孩子。 4. The job can let me know new things every day，thus keeping me energetic and passionate all the time. 这份工作可以让我每天都了解新事物，从而让我始终充满活力和 激情。 5. I hate to follow the same routine every day. 我讨厌每天重复同样的事情。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 6. Working as a journalist can help me realize my childhood dream of being a hero of spreading love to others. 作为一名记者可以帮助我实现童年的梦想，成为一名向他人传播爱的 英雄。 7. To achieve this goal， I plan to study hard to be admitted to a key university，broadening my horizons to fit the job. 为了实现这个目标，我打算努力学习，考上重点大学，开阔视野，以 适应这份工作。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 典例体验·提素能 目 录 　　假定你是某国际学校的学生李华。在听完关于职业规划的讲座 后，受益匪浅。请你用英语写一份个人职业规划书，内容包括： 　　（1）你理想的职业； 　　（2）你相关的优势； 　　（3）如何实现。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80左右； （2）请按如下格式作答。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） My Career Plan   　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　 　  　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 第一步：审题谋篇，合理布局 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 第二步：遣词造句，规范得体 ◎核心词汇 1. 梦想 ⁠ 2. 厨师 ⁠ 3. 满足人们的口味 ⁠ 4. 优势 ⁠ 5. 广阔的视野 ⁠ 6. 创造新的美食 ⁠ 7. 实现某人的梦想 ⁠ 8. 激情；强烈情感 ⁠ dream of　 chef　 meet people’s taste　 advantage　 broad horizons　 create new tasty food　 realize one’s dream　 passion　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） ◎遣词造句 1. 我梦想将来成为一名厨师。 ⁠ 2. 厨师制作各种美味的食物以满足人们的口味。 ⁠ 3. 我有一些当厨师的优势。 ⁠ 4. 一方面，我到各地旅游的经历为我提供了饮食文化的广阔的视野。 ⁠ ⁠ I dream of being a chef in the future. The chef makes various delicious foods to meet people’s taste. I have some advantages to be a chef. On the one hand， my experiences of travelling to different places provide me with broad horizons of food culture. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 5. 另一方面，创造新的美味食物给我带来了很多乐趣。 ⁠ 6. 然而，实现我的梦想并不容易。 ⁠ 7. 为了成为一名一流的厨师，我需要努力学习更多的知识，不断 尝试。 ⁠ ⁠ 8. 凭着我的激情和努力，我相信我会有一个光明的未来。 ⁠ On the other hand， creating new tasty food brings me a lot of fun. However， it’s not so easy to realize my dream. In order to be a top-class chef， I will need to work hard to learn more knowledge and keep on trying more. With my great passion and efforts， I believe I can have a bright future！ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 第三步：词句升级，彰显文采 1. 用非限制性定语从句合并句1和句2 ⁠ ⁠ 2. 用强调句改写句4 ⁠ ⁠ I dream of being a chef in the future， who makes various delicious foods to meet people’s taste. On the one hand， it is my experiences of travelling to different places that provide me with broad horizons of food culture. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 第四步：检查誊写，连句成篇 My Career Plan 　　 ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ 　　 ⁠ ⁠ 　　 　I dream of being a chef in the future， who makes various delicious foods to meet people’s taste. I have some advantages to be a chef. On the one hand， it is my experiences of travelling to different places that provide me with broad horizons of food culture. On the other hand， creating new tasty food brings me a lot of fun. However， it’s not so easy to realize my dream. In order to be a top-class chef， I will need to work hard to learn more knowledge and keep on trying more.　 　　 　With my great passion and efforts， I believe I can have a bright future！　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【即时演练】　 　　假定你是李华，你校学生会正在招募英语文化节志愿者。请给外 教 Mr Smith 写一封邮件，询问相关信息，内容包括： 　　（1）工作内容； 　　（2）所需技能； 　　（3）培训安排。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式作答。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） Dear Mr Smith， 　Yours， 　Li Hua 　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　 　  　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 参考范文： Dear Mr Smith， 　　I’m Li Hua， a senior student in our school.Learning that the Student Union is recruiting volunteers for the upcoming English Cultural Festival， I’m eager to apply.However， I have several questions. 　　Firstly， I’d like to know what specific tasks volunteers will undertake.Besides， I’m curious about the required skills， such as proficiency in English or event-organizing experience.Finally， I wonder if there will be any training sessions before the festival. 　　Looking forward to your early reply. 　Yours， 　Li Hua 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 核心知识·巧突破 目 录 ◇qualification n.资格，资历；学历；合格，达到标准 教材原句　After much thought， I decided to develop these skills and get the right qualifications by studying art at university. 经过深思熟虑，我决定通过在大学学习艺术来培养这些技能并获得合 适的资格。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【用法】 （1）qualify vt.　 使合格；使具备资格 vi.　　取得资格（或学历）；合格 qualify sb to do sth　　使某人有资格做某事 qualify sb for sth　　使某人胜任某事 （2）qualified adj.　　符合资格的；具备……的知识（或技能、学 历等） be qualified to do sth　　有资格做某事 be qualified for　　具备……资格的；适合担任……的 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【佳句】　Experience is more important for this job than paper qualifications. 对于这份工作，经验比文凭更重要。 He took all kinds of tests to prove he was qualified for this important task. 他参加各种各样的测试，以证明自己有资格接受 这项重要任务。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①His rich experience in international trade qualified him ⁠ （negotiate） the business deal. ②I believe my skills and rich working experience will qualify me ⁠ the job. ③I think I （qualify） for this job， because I have learned Chinese paintings since childhood. ④Salary will be determined according to your working experience and （qualify）. to negotiate　 for　 am qualified　 qualifications　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【写美】　完成句子 ⑤You need in this top school. 你需要具备资格才能在这所名校任教。 to be qualified to teach　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 课时检测·提能力 目 录 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·江苏江阴调考）Recently， as I watched my son Nathan play basketball for his high school team， I was starting to feel sorry for myself and for him.His team was facing adversity （逆境） on the court and he was playing in a hostile environment — it was the opponent’s home gym filled with their supporters， and Nathan’s team was trailing （落后） for three quarters of the game.As for me， I had been fired from my job earlier in the day. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　During my drive to where the game was held， I kept telling myself “I will find work again in a short time” — I am confident in my experience and abilities.This was the same belief that I tried to instill in my son. 　　The basketball game entered the fourth quarter with Nathan’s team still trailing.I saw the determination on his， as well as his teammates’ faces as they fought back to not only tie the game， but then go ahead by three points.Then， a player from the other team made an unbelievable shot to tie the game up again.With a tie game （平局） and seconds on 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） the clock， Nathan found himself with the ball and with skill and confidence， he proceeded to make the basket with a defender hanging all over him.The other player was called for a foul （犯规）. 　　As Nathan stood at the foul line preparing for a shot that would put his team up by three points， I saw the focus and determination on his face， there was no room for self-doubt.Nathan was able to tune out all the distractions and nail the free throw with such skill， it was as if he had done it a thousand times. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　As I sat there， my heart bursting with pride， it dawned on me that I had taught him perseverance in the face of adversity， and he had just taught me the same lesson.That brief moment of self-doubt and feeling sorry for myself was blown away by the actions of my son on the basketball court.He will play in the finals， but it doesn’t matter if he wins or loses， at this moment， we both won. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者失业了，在怀疑自我和自怨自 艾时，儿子在球场上的顽强表现让他恢复了自信。 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者失业了，在怀疑自我和自怨自 艾时，儿子在球场上的顽强表现让他恢复了自信。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 1. Why did I feel sorry when watching my son’s basketball game？ （　　） A. I quit my job earlier in the day. B. There were no supporters for my son’s team. C. My son’s team was facing adversity at home court. D. My son’s team was trailing for three quarters of the game. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，作者儿子的球队在 比赛中落后了四分之三。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 2. Which of the following words can best describe the author？（　　） A. Self-doubting and pessimistic. B. Self-confident and optimistic. C. Hardworking and intelligent. D. Easy-going and warmhearted. 解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段可推知，作者对自己充满信心， 同时对生活也是积极乐观的态度。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 3. What happened in the fourth quarter of the basketball game？（　　） A. My son’s team spared no effort to fight back and finally tied the game. B. A player from my son’s team fouled during the defending process. C. My son successfully scored the free throw and put his team up by three points in the end. D. The opponent team made an unbelievable winning shot in the last seconds of the game. √ 解析：　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，篮球赛第四场比赛中 儿子罚球很成功，最终使他的队领先三分。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 4. Which of the following is the best title for the text？（　　） A. Winning Matters at the Moment B. Life Goes Just like Playing Basketball C. From Adversity to Victory： A Lesson Learned on the Basketball Court D. From Self-doubt to Confidence： Unforgettable Basketball Moments 解析：　标题归纳题。根据文章内容，尤其是最后一段第一句可 知，文章讲述了作者观看儿子篮球比赛的情景，让刚刚失业正处于沮 丧不自信中的作者消除了自我怀疑，重新燃起了生活的斗志。C项 （从逆境到胜利：篮球场上的一课）适合作为文章标题。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） B 　　According to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology， China’s digital economy has increased by 15.9 percent annually since 2012， reaching 45.5 trillion yuan （$6.32 trillion） last year.Facing the growing digital economy and new vacancies developed in the sector such as deliverymen and livestreaming anchors （主播）， young people， especially those born after 2000， are expressing a stronger willingness for flexible work relations with companies， and also wish to become “digital workers” with flexible work locations and schedules. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　“The Internet helps me a lot.I check emails from my clients and submit my proposals through WeChat， then we discuss plans via teleconference.I love working from home actually，”said Mi Lu， a 28- year-old new media operator in Beijing.“We work everywhere， perhaps in a cafe， or on a bullet train or even on the table of a restaurant.” 　　To cater to young people’s work preferences， more companies have begun to include “flexible working mode” in their recruitment advertisements.A recruitment website said vacancies with flexible work available make up 15 to 20 percent of total vacancies on its platform， 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） especially for industries in the growing gig economy such as transportation and logistics （物流）.According to a recruitment website， the proportion of flexible vacancies in these industries has increased to 25 percent this year， up from 10 percent in 2018. 　　However， the flexibility may bring risks to workers’ rights protection， according to a recruitment website.It said that though roughly 60 percent of companies posting vacancies on its platform offer insurance， the proportion is decreasing. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　Li Qiang， vice-president of a recruitment website， said that the greatest risk to those seeking flexible work is whether the company pays the salary fully and on time.“It’s necessary for job seekers to set up a long-term development plan， rather than be shortsighted.” He added that companies may bear risks that flexible employees can’t deliver high- quality work in a limited time period， which requires the companies to establish a sound work delivery standard to help evaluate employee performance. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着数字经济的蓬 勃发展，越来越多的年轻求职者更喜欢弹性工作。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着数字经济的蓬 勃发展，越来越多的年轻求职者更喜欢弹性工作。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 5. What factor contributes to flexible work？（　　） A. The booming digital economy. B. The desire for more free time. C. The disappearance of some positions. D. The improvement of working conditions. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，蓬勃发展的数字经济有助 于弹性工作。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 6. How do companies react to young people’s work preferences？ （　　） A. They ignore the youth’s requests. B. They follow the old working mode. C. They provide positions accordingly. D. They reduce working opportunities. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，公司相应地提供职位来迎 合年轻人的工作偏好。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 7. What suggestions did Li Qiang give？（　　） A. The companies pay higher salaries. B. The job seekers make a detailed plan. C. The companies make reasonable rules. D. The job seekers apply for positions on time. 解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，李强给出的建议是公司 应该制定合理的规则。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 8. What is the best title for the text？（　　） A. A new Internet-related working model B. Job seekers more keen on flexible work C. The rapidly developing digital economy D. Companies well prepared for new risks 解析：　标题归纳题。文章主要围绕“年轻人倾向弹性工作”展 开，包括现象描述、企业应对措施及存在的问题。故文章最好的标题 是（求职者更喜欢弹性工作）。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） C 　　（2025·江苏宿迁沭阳期中）Graduating students in the US often feel pressure to get ahead and secure a good career fast.This attitude is reflected in surveys published by the career search platform Handshake， which found that economic news has driven the class of 2023 to feel “anxious”， “worried” and “stressed” to the extent that they plan to apply for jobs sooner than they originally intended to.In another Handshake survey， 85％ of Generation Z job seekers reported stability to be a high priority in their job search.It’s no surprise that among a large number of students longing for certainty， the idea of taking a gap year is intimidating. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　However， different from the traditional path， taking a gap year is not a waste of time and money.Studies on high school graduates who took a gap year before college show that it helps many students know more about their career or major selection.Other reported benefits include improved motivation and academic performance following the break.Furthermore， the Gap Year Association， a federally-recognized Standards Development Organization for gap year programs in the US， collected surveys revealing that students who take a gap year before college are more likely to graduate in four years or less when compared to the national average. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　Importantly， a gap year need not be an expensive project.While spending thousands of dollars for specialized gap year programs is one way to ensure a productive， well-structured experience， this route falls outside most graduates’ budgets.Instead， students can take advantage of gap year scholarships and paid opportunities that are available both at home and abroad.Additionally， many volunteer programs offer stipends （助学金） and cover the cost of room and board. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了Z世代对于求职的看 法以及间隔年的好处。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了Z世代对于求职的看 法以及间隔年的好处。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 9. What did Handshake surveys find？（　　） A. Economy majors found it hard to find a job. B. Most Generation Z job seekers prioritize stability. C. Graduating students are hesitant to receive an offer. D. The US encouraged the class of 2023 to take a gap year. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句可知，Handshake调查 发现大多数Z世代求职者优先考虑稳定性。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 10. What does the underlined word “intimidating” mean in the first paragraph？（　　） A. Frightening. B. Understandable. C. Attractive. D. Misleading. 解析：　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句及其前一句可知，Z世代 求职者追求确定性，因此认为间隔年的想法很可怕。由此推测，画线 词意为“可怕的”。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 11. What can we learn about the gap year from the second paragraph？ （　　） A. It determines the choice of major. B. It helps figure out future career paths. C. It lowers the graduation rate in the US. D. It leads to poor academic performance. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，间隔年能帮助学生 找到未来的职业道路。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 12. What is the author’s attitude towards the gap year？（　　） A. Doubtful. B. Intolerant. C. Favourable. D. Unclear. 解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者支持间隔年。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　Phone interviews are typically meant as a way to remove individuals unfit for the position， and to discover those with potential to be brought in for an interview.13.（　　） It gives the employer a brief idea of your background， personality， and overall “fit” for the position.With that in mind， you can prepare for phone interviews to ensure you have well- thought-out， prepared answers for the most common questions. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　14. （　　） Preparing for this question in advance allows you to think about your goals， your past work experience， and even your hobbies going with the position.You don’t want to sound too well- prepared but putting down a few notes on your background can make this question easier to respond to. 　　Salary requirements are another question you should be prepared to answer.15.（　　） Does the job list a salary？What is the average salary for this position？In most cases， it’s best to reply that you are open in terms of salary， especially if you don’t want to lose the position. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　A third question to be considered is “Why do you want this position？”.Basically， they want to understand why you’re interested in this company.Doing your research and bringing up some of the company’s core values or other details will only strengthen your interest.16.（　　） 　　Last but not least， you will be asked when you can start.This is up to your unique situation.17.（　　） If you need more time， you should not only state that， but also explain why in order to show that you’re still interested in the position， but have other circumstances at play that require additional time. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） A. Surely， you should do your research in advance. B. Basically， a phone interview is the first step in the hiring process. C. Prepare to explain employment gaps so as not to make you look bad. D. Behavioral questions will tell the interviewer more about your personality. E. An interview will often begin with the question of “Tell me about yourself”. F. Don’t hesitate to tell the interviewer that you’re extremely interested in the position. G. However， most individuals will require two weeks’ notice from the offer acceptance. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍了电话面试中常被问到的 问题以及如何应答。 13. B　空前讲到电话面试是一种典型的面试方式，可以排除不适合 这个职位的人，并发现那些有可能参加面试的人；空后讲到它可以让 雇主对你的背景、个性等有一些了解。B项（基本上，电话面试是招 聘过程的第一步）中的a phone interview为空后句中It所指代的内容。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍了电话面试中常被问到的 问题以及如何应答。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 14. E　文章是总分结构。第一段总领下文，建议读者为电话面试中 常被问到的问题做好准备，第二段到第五段分别介绍常被问到的问 题；再结合第三段和第四段首句分别提到的another question和A third question可知，E项（面试通常以“介绍一下你自己”这样的问题开 始）适合作为段落主旨句。 15. A　本段介绍电话面试时如何回答薪酬要求这一问题。根据接下 来的两个问句可知，回答这方面的问题需要你提前做适当的调查了 解。A项（当然，你应该提前做调查）符合语境。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 16. F　根据本段首句“第三个需要被考虑的问题是‘你为什么想要 这个职位？’”可知，F项（别犹豫，告诉面试官你对这个职位很感 兴趣）符合语境。上文的interested和interest亦是提示。 17. G　空前讲到你会被问到什么时候可以开始上班，这取决于你的 情况，再根据下文的If you need more time和require additional time可 知，空处应与开始工作的时间有关。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） Ⅲ.应用文写作 　　假定你是校学生会主席李华。外教Mr Smiths于上周五成功举办了 一场有关职业规划的专题讲座。请你代表学生会给他写一封邮件，内 容包括： 　　（1）表达感谢； 　　（2）说明收获。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80左右； （2）请按如下格式作答。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） Dear Mr Smiths， 　Yours sincerely， 　Li Hua 　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　 　  　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 参考范文： Dear Mr Smiths， 　　On behalf of the Students’ Union， I’d like to express our heartfelt gratitude for your lecture on career planning delivered last Friday， which has made a big impact on every student there. 　　As high schoolers， many of us feel uncertain or confused about “career”.But your lecture has come as timely help.You’ve not only cleared up our doubts but also offered some practical suggestions on how to better prepare ourselves for the future workplace. 　　Thank you for sharing your wisdom.We are all beyond grateful. 　Yours sincerely， 　Li Hua 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） $