Unit 1 The changing world Section A 课件 2025-2026学年人教版（2012）九年级英语全册

探究三 核心句式 Unit 1 The Changing World 1 In many places, there used to be no bridges to cross over mountains and rivers, and most roads were just dirt tracks. 在很多地方，过去没有横跨山川的桥梁，而且大多数道路只是土路。 分析结构 本句含there be 结构，其中used to 表示“过去常常……”, 后加动词原形。There used to be... 表示“过去有……而现在没有了”。 合作探究 · There used to be no subways in the city, but now there are five lines. 这座城市过去没有地铁，但现在有五条线路了。 · There didn’t use to be a library here. 这里过去没有图书馆。 · Did there use to be a river near the village? 村子附近过去有一条河吗？ 合作探究 There used to be... 意为“过去有……而现在没有了”。是used to do sth 的there be 句型结构。 否定句结构：There didn’t use to be... 疑问句结构：Did there use to be...? 肯定答语为：Yes, there did. 否定答语为：No, there didn’t. 合作探究 2 This made it difficult for locals to bring products to the market or to develop industry. 这使得当地人很难将产品带到市场或发展工业。 分析结构 该句为简单句。主语是This，made 是谓语，it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是to bring products to the market or to develop industry，difficult 为宾语补足语，用来补充说明宾语的具体情况。 合作探究 · Good transportation makes it easy for farmers to sell their crops in cities. 良好的交通使农民们轻松地在城市售卖农作物。 · I find it easy to finish my homework on time. 我发现按时完成作业很容易。 · She thinks it important to help the elderly. 她认为帮助老人很重要。 合作探究 make it + adj. + (for sb) to do sth 意为“使（某人）做某事……”其中it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语，形容词作宾语补足语。 it 作形式宾语的其他常见结构还有：find/think/believe/ consider it + adj. + (for sb) to do sth 意为“发现/ 认为（对某人来说）做某事……”。 合作探究 $ 探究二 核心短语 Unit 1 The Changing World 11 1 bring about 带来；引起（教材P1） 观察· The reform brought about great progress in social welfare. 这项改革为社会福利带来了巨大进步。 · The heavy rain brought about the flood.暴雨导致了洪水。 · He brought up a good idea at the meeting. 他在会议上提出了一个好主意。 合作探究 11 bring about 是及物动词短语，意为“带来；引起”。后必须接宾语。bring about 还可意为“导致”。 由bring 构成的动词短语还有：（1）bring up 养育；提出 （2）bring in 引入；提出；赚得；挣 （3）bring back 带回；使回忆起；使想起 （4）bring together 使聚集；使团结 合作探究 11 2 be covered with 被……覆盖（教材P2） 观察· The ground was covered with snow after the snowstorm. 暴风雪后地面被雪覆盖。 · The mountain is covered with green trees in spring. 春天山上长满了绿树。 · The room is filled with the smell of flowers. 房间里充满了花香。 合作探究 11 be covered with意为“被……覆盖”，是cover... with... “用……覆盖……”的被动结构，其中cover作动词，意为“遮盖；覆盖”。 类似“be + 动词的过去分词 + with + 名词 / 代词”的结构 还有：（1）be filled with 充满…… （2）be connected with 与……相关 合作探究 11 $ Section A What changes have taken place around you? 自主学习 Unit 1 The Changing World 11 1a The photos show changes in Li Rui’s hometown over the years. What are they? How do they make you feel? 略 自主学习 11 1b Listen to a telephone conversation. Then answer the questions. 1. Why does George call Li Rui? Because he and his father, Bob, are going to visit Li Rui’s hometown and he wants Li Rui to be their guide. 自主学习 11 2. What is the relationship between George’s father and Li Rui’s grandfather? George’s father and Li Rui’s grandfather are good friends. 自主学习 11 3. When did George’s father last visit the place? 作副词，意为“上一次”。 About 20 years ago. 自主学习 11 1c Li Rui is now showing George and his father around her hometown. Listen to their conversation and complete the table. Past Present • It took __________ to reach the town. • Going to school by bus took __________________ over rough roads. • With the new roads, it takes only ________. • Going to school takes only ___________. half a day nearly 40 minutes an hour 15 minutes 动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 自主学习 11 Past Present They used to ___________ to see a doctor. The town has built a new __________. They didn’t have ______________ for shopping. They now have a __________ down the street. The hills were covered with ________. They are now covered with ______________. travel far any good places sand hospital supermarket beautiful trees = along the street 沿街 自主学习 11 1d Discuss the changes in 1c. How do you think they happened? 略 自主学习 11 2a Rank the following problems from 1 to 4, with 1 being the worst. Give your reasons. sandstorms difficult environment farmland shortage lack of technology sandstorm 为可数名词，是由sand+ storm 构成的复合词，是英语中描述自然现象的常见构词模式。 类似的词还有：rainstorm（暴风雨），snowstorm（暴风雪）等。 略 自主学习 11 2b Listen to the conversation between George’s father and Li Rui’s grandfather. What problems in 2a did they mention? sandstorms; difficult environment; farmland shortage; lack of technology 自主学习 11 2c Listen again and fill in the table. How has the environment affected local lives? Past • There used to be ___________ all the time, and the ________ were getting smaller and smaller. • Locals worked by ________. “比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”，后面不接than。 sandstorms fields hand 自主学习 11 Action • Locals found a bush. It had ________ roots that could ________ the soil together. • They began planting it in sandy ________, with the government’s support. • They had __________ to help. Present • The corn fields are ________. • They have planted many bushes and ________ since then. • There are ________ sandstorms now and the environment is getting ________. • It has improved local lives. long hold areas machines huge trees fewer better 自主学习 11 2d Discuss how to … A: The area used to be covered with sand. B: What did they do to solve this problem? A: They planted bushes and trees. The land has become ... 自主学习 11 3a Read the interview between a reporter and two villagers. In what ways have the villagers’ lives changed? Reporter: How has life changed in your hometown over the last 20 years? Mr Yan: Oh, it has changed quite a lot! Many young people used to work in big cities. 作介词，意为“在期间”。 作介词，意为“在期间”。 自主学习 11 Now, more of them have come back to live and work here. Reporter: Great! Have there been any other changes? 长难句分析：本句是一个简单句。主语是more of them，谓语是have come back，to live and work here作目的状语。其中more作代词，them指代“Many young people”。 自主学习 11 Ms Wu: Yes, we’ve changed the way we farm. I used to grow a few vegetables on a small farm to sell at the local market. Now, I have large, high-tech greenhouses. There, I grow tons of fruit and vegetables, and sell them in large cities. 意为“大量；许多”，后既可接可数名词复数，也可接不可数名词。 自主学习 11 Reporter: Wow, the new highway and railway must have helped a lot! Mr Yan: Oh, they have! Our village has become a tourist attraction. We can now sell local products to tourists. We also sell products online to people all over China. “must have done”表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测，意为“一定做过某事；肯定发生过某事”。 自主学习 11 Reporter: Have these changes greatly improved your lives? Ms Wu: Yes! We now have new houses. And our village has just built a new hospital and a library. Reporter: Wonderful! Together you are building a new socialist village. In employment, farming, transportation, living conditions and public facilities. 自主学习 11 思考：Think about the changes in your hometown and list one or two examples. My hometown’s old streets have changed a lot. They used to be narrow and full of holes, but now they’re wide and paved with smooth stones. Another change is the community park. Before, there was just a small open area, but now it has a children’s playground, fitness equipment and many trees.（答案不唯一） 自主学习 11 3b Complete the table with the information from 3a. Past Many young people worked in big cities. Villagers grew a few vegetables on a small farm. Villagers sold agricultural products only at the local market. The village lacked new highways and railways. Villagers lived in old houses. The village lacked new public facilities like hospitals and libraries. 自主学习 11 Present More young people have returned to live and work in the village. Villagers use large, high-tech greenhouses and grow tons of fruit and vegetables. Villagers sell products in large cities, to tourists, and online across China. The village has the new highway and railway and has become a tourist attraction. Villagers live in new houses. The village has a new hospital and a library. 自主学习 11 3c Listen to the conversation. Then role-play it. 自主学习 11 3d Choose the things that have greatly changed in the last 10 years in your hometown. Talk about the changes and how you feel about them. hospital school e-payment shopping transport environment restaurant cinema housing 自主学习 11 A: In your opinion, what has changed the most in your hometown in the last 10 years? B: The environment, I think. A: How has it changed? B: … 略 自主学习 11 Grammar Focus 4a Read the sentences and circle the verbs. Pay attention to the verb tenses. He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago. They haven’t seen each other for ages! We used to have to travel far to see a doctor. Our village has just built a new hospital. Many people used to work in big cities. Now, more of them have come back to live and work here. 自主学习 11 4b Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. A: ________ you ________ (be) to the new library yet? B: No, I ____________ (not know) there was a new library. When did it ________ (open)? A: It ________ (open) last Friday. I ________ (go) there with my grandpa on Saturday night. B: ________ you ________ (like) it? Have been didn’t know open opened went Do like 自主学习 11 A: Of course! It’s the most high-tech library I ________ ever ________ (visit). B: Oh, what ________ you ________ (see) there? A: There are sections with books about science and Chinese culture, as well as a huge section with children’s books. have visited did see 介词短语作后置定语，修饰sections，with表示“具有；带有”。 as well as意为“除……之外；也；还”，连接两个并列的成分，连接并列的主语时，谓语动词由as well as前面的主语决定。 自主学习 11 A: I also ________ (read) some digital books on the computer. My grandpa ________ (listen) to some audio books because he can’t see well. B: Cool! I __________________________ (bring) my little brother there tomorrow. read listened will bring/am going to bring 自主学习 11 从教材习题4b 中学中考解题策略 时态标志词法 首先找出时间标志词，锁定时态范围，若无明确时间词，可通过“动作发生的先后、是否持续、是否对现在有影响”来判断时态，最后结合“句式结构”，验证语法正确性。如第一句的标志词是yet，常用于现在完成时，此处是一般疑问句，故填Have; b een。 自主学习 11 4c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Why are local people richer and happier than before? In the past, it ________ (be) difficult to travel in Guizhou. In many places, there used to ________ (be) no bridges to cross over mountains and rivers, and most roads were just dirt tracks. 作介词，意为“穿过；越过”，强调从物体上方越过。across 强调从物体表面横过，through 强调从物体内部穿过。 was be 自主学习 11 This ________ (make) it difficult for locals to bring products to the market or to develop industry. Now great changes __________ (take) place. The government ________ (build) thousands of kilometres of highways, railways, and wide roads. 数以千计的，成千上万的 made have taken has built 自主学习 11 It has also built many high bridges over mountains and rivers. A journey that used to ________ (take) a day now takes only a few hours. As a result, the lives of local people __________ (improve). They are much richer and happier than they once ________ (be). take have improved were 因此 修饰比较级，其他修饰比较级的词还有：far, a lot, even, still, a little 等。 自主学习 11 $ 探究一 核心单词 Unit 1 The Changing World 11 1 rough /rʌf/ adj. 崎岖的（教材P2） 观察· The car bumped along the rough mountain road. 汽车在崎岖的山路上颠簸行驶。 · The table has a rough surface. 这张桌子表面很粗糙。 · She had a rough time after losing her job. 她失业后经历了一段艰难的时光。 · At a rough estimate, the project will take three months to complete. 粗略估计，这个项目将需要三个月完成。 合作探究 11 归纳拓展 rough 作形容词的一词多义： （1）崎岖的 （2）粗糙的；不平滑的；高低不平的 （3）艰难的 （4）粗略的 合作探究 11 2 shortage /'ʃɔːtɪdʒ/ n. 短缺（教材P3） 观察· There is a shortage of clean water in some areas. 一些地区缺乏清洁的水。 · A food shortage during the war forced families to rely on emergency rations. 战争期间的粮食短缺迫使家庭依赖应急配给。 · The boy is short of money to buy books. 这个男孩缺钱买书。 合作探究 11 归纳拓展 shortage n. 意为“短缺”，通常作可数名词。常见 搭配：（1）a shortage of... 缺乏…… （2）food shortages 食物短缺 （3）water shortages 用水短缺 形容词形式为short，意为“不足的；短缺的”。 be short of缺少。 合作探究 11 3 lack /læk/ n. 缺乏（教材P3） 观察· A lack of sleep can affect your work efficiency. 睡眠不足会影响你的工作效率。 · The project lacks sufficient funding to continue. 这个项目缺乏足够的资金继续推进。 合作探究 11 归纳拓展 lack n. 意为“缺乏”，是不可数名词。a lack of... 缺乏……。 lack 还可作动词，意为“缺乏；短缺”，不用于被动语态。 合作探究 11 4 sandy /'sændi/ adj. 铺满沙子的；含沙的（教材P3） 观察· The path was covered with sandy soil. 小路被沙土覆盖。 · Sand is used to make glass. 沙子用于制造玻璃。 · The children played on the sand. 孩子们在沙滩上玩耍。 合作探究 11 sandy adj. 意为“铺满沙子的；含沙的”，是由“sand（n. 沙子）+ -y（形容词后缀）”构成的。 -y 是形容词后缀，表示“充满……的、具有……特征的”， 类似构成的词有：（1）cloud → cloudy 多云的 （2）sun→ sunny 晴朗的 （3）rock→ rocky 多岩石的 sand 还可意为“沙滩”。on the sand 在沙滩上。 合作探究 11 5 government /'ɡʌvənmənt/ n. 政府（教材P3） 观察· The government has announced a new law. 政府已宣布一项新法律。 · Local governments are responsible for public services. 地方政府负责公共服务。 · The new government policy aims to reduce pollution. 新政府政策旨在减少污染。 合作探究 11 government n. 意为“政府”。集合名词，作主语时，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。 由government 构成的常见短语有： （1）in government 执政 （2）local government 地方政府 （3）government policy 政府政策 合作探究 11 government 是由govern（v. 统治；管理）+ -ment（名词后缀）构成的名词。类似的词还有： （1）develop → development 发展 （2）improve → improvement 改进 合作探究 11 6 support /sə'pɔːt/ n. & v. 支持（教材P3） 观察· Thanks for your support. 感谢你的支持。 · My family and friends gave lots of support to me. 我的家人和朋友给了我很多支持。 · The wall supports the roof. 这面墙支撑着屋顶。 · We all support you in taking part in the activity. 我们都支持你参加这项活动。 · He works hard to support his family. 他努力工作供养家人。 合作探究 11 support n. 意为“支持”，是不可数名词。常用搭配： （1）in support of 支持 （2）give/offer support to sb 给予某人支持 （3）with one’s support 在某人的支持下 support 还可作动词，意为“支持；养活；赡养”。support sb in (doing) sth 在（做）某事上支持某人。 合作探究 11 7 attraction /əˈtrækʃn/ n. 向往的地方；吸引力 观察· We visited all the main tourist attractions in Beijing during our trip. 旅行期间，我们参观了北京所有的主要旅游胜地。 · His attraction to traditional music led him to learn the erhu. 他对传统音乐的热爱促使他学习二胡。 · The beautiful scenery attracts thousands of visitors every year. 美丽的风景每年吸引成千上万的游客。 · Gankeng Hakka Town is very attractive to foreign tourists. 甘坑客家小镇对外国游客极具吸引力。 合作探究 11 attraction n. 意为“向往的地方；吸引力”，既可 作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。常见搭配： （1）tourist attractions 旅游胜地 （2）attraction to sth/sb 对某物 / 某人的喜爱 attraction 的相关词：（1）attract v. 吸引；引起……的好感 （2）attractive adj. 有吸引力的；有魅力的 合作探究 11 8 product /'prɒdʌkt/ n. 产品（教材P4） 观察· This company sells many popular products. 这家公司销售许多受欢迎的产品。 · The new product is popular with young people. 这款新产品很受年轻人欢迎。 · Success is the product of hard work. 成功是努力工作的产物。 合作探究 11 product n. 意为“产品；产物；结果”，复数形式是products。 product 的相关短语： （1）the product of... ……的产物/ 结果 （2）best-selling product 畅销产品 （3）product quality 产品质量 （4）agricultural product 农产品 合作探究 11 product 的相关词： （1）produce v. 生产；制造 n. 产品；（尤指）农产品 （2）producer n. 生产商 （3）production n. 生产；产量 合作探究 11 辨析：product 与produce product 可数名词，意为“产品；制品”，指人工制造或加工出来的产品。 produce 不可数名词，意为“产品；（尤指）农产品”，指农业或自然产出的产品。 合作探究 11 9 greatly /'ɡreɪtli/ adv. 大大地；非常（教材P4） 观察· I greatly admire your courage. 我非常钦佩你的勇气。 · The two cultures are greatly different in terms of traditions. 这两种文化在传统方面有很大差异。 ·She is a great scientist. 她是一位伟大的科学家。 · His greatness lies in his kindness. 他的伟大在于他的善良。 · The team is largely made up of students. 团队主要由学生组成。 合作探究 11 greatly adv. 意为“大大地；非常”，常用于修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，强调程度之深。 greatly 的相关词：（1）great adj. 伟大的；极好的 （2）greatness n. 伟大；杰出 合作探究 11 辨析：greatly 与largely greatly 意为“大大地；非常”，强调程度深，多指抽象的情感、影响、变化。 largely 意为“主要地；在很大程度上”，强调范围广、占比高，多指向具体的构成、原因、范围。 合作探究 11 10 socialist /'səʊʃəlɪst/ adj. 社会主义的 n. 社会主义者 观察· The book explains the core values of socialist culture. 这本书阐释了社会主义文化的核心价值观。 · The socialists in this area are actively promoting environmental protection measures. 这个地区的社会主义者正在积极推动环境保护措施。 合作探究 11 · Social skills are important to teenagers. 社交技能对青少年很重要。 · Socialism aims to achieve common prosperity. 社会主义旨在实现共同富裕。 合作探究 11 socialist adj. 意为“社会主义的”，修饰名词，描述“事物与社会主义的关联”，如制度、国家、政策、理念等。 如：（1）socialist country 社会主义国家 （2）socialist system 社会主义制度 （3）socialist construction 社会主义建设 socialist 还可作名词，意为“社会主义者”。 socialist 的词形变化：（1）social adj. 社会的；社交的 （2）socialism n. 社会主义 合作探究 11 11 housing /'haʊzɪŋ/ n. 住房；住宅（教材P4） 观察· The charity provides housing for the homeless. 该慈善机构为无家可归者提供住房。 · The new housing policy aims to stabilize prices. 新的住房政策旨在稳定价格。 · The new dormitory building can house over 1000 students. 这座新的宿舍楼可以住1000 多名学生。 合作探究 11 housing n. 意为“住房；住宅”。常见搭配： （1）housing problem 住房问题 （2）housing market 住房市场 housing 是由house（v. 给……提供住所；供……居住）+ -ing 构成的，属于“动词 + -ing”转化为名词的构词法。 house 还可作名词，意为“房子；住宅”。 合作探究 11 12 track /træk/ n. 小路；轨道（教材P5） 观察· We followed a narrow track through the forest to the waterfall. 我们沿着一条窄小径穿过森林，前往瀑布。 · Workers have spent three months laying new railway tracks. 工人们花了三个月铺设新铁轨。 · We followed the bear’s tracks in the snow. 我们跟着熊在雪地上留下的足迹走。 合作探究 11 · The hunters tracked the deer through the snow. 猎人循着雪地里的痕迹追踪那只鹿。 track n. 意为“小路；轨道”，是可数名词。 railway tracks 铁轨。 track 作名词，还可意为“足迹；踪迹；车辙”，常用复数形式。 track 还可作动词，意为“追踪；跟踪；留下足迹”。 合作探究 11 13 wide /waɪd/ adj. 宽的；宽阔的（教材P5） 观察· They came to a wide river. 他们来到了一条宽阔的河边。 ·The river is 10 meters wide. 这条河 10 米宽。 · He has a wide knowledge of ancient history. 他对古代史有广博的知识。 ·Open your mouth wide. 把嘴张大。 · Chinese is used more and more widely around the world. 中文在世界各地被越来越广泛地使用。 合作探究 11 · What’s the width of this table? 这张桌子的宽度是多少？ · The road widens just up ahead. 再往前一点儿道路就变宽了。 wide adj. 意为“宽的；宽阔的”，反义词为narrow（狭窄的）。比较级为wider，最高级为widest。 表示“物体的长、宽、高、深”时，表达为“基数词+ 单位词+形容词（long，wide，high，deep）”或“基数词+ 单位词+in + 名词（length，width，height，depth）”。 合作探究 11 wide 作形容词，还可意为“广泛的”，常用于名词前。 wide knowledge 广博的知识。 wide 还可作副词，意为“充分地”。 wide 的相关词：（1）widely adv. 广泛地 （2）width n. 宽度 （3）widen v. 加宽 合作探究 11 辨析：wide 与widely wide 作副词，仅用于修饰“与具体空间、物理状态相关的动作或状态”，如open wide。 widely 仅用于修饰“与抽象范围、认知、分布相关的动作或状态”，如widely used。 合作探究 11 $