Unit 2 Stay healthy 语法：反身代词和情态动词（讲义 + 专项训练）- 2025-2026学年人教版八年级下册英语

本讲义聚焦人教版八年级下册Unit 2核心语法，系统梳理反身代词的构成规则、固定搭配（如动词+反身代词、介词+反身代词等）及情态动词should（表职责义务、劝告）和could（表委婉建议）的用法，配套专项训练形成完整学习支架。 资料通过分类总结固定搭配与语法规则，助力学生构建知识体系提升语言能力，练习题从基础填空到综合句型转换层层递进，培养思维品质。课中辅助教师高效授课，课后供学生强化练习，有效查漏补缺，提升自主学习能力。

人教版（2024）八年级下册Unit 2 Stay healthy 反身代词和情态动词核心语法总结 + 专项训练 反身代词语法总结 反身代词是英语中表达“……自己；本身”含义的一类代词，是在第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称人称代词宾格形式的词尾加 self 或 selves 组成。反身代词的形式请见下表。 反身代词用作主语或宾语的同位语时，一般用于强调，常译为“本人；亲自”。常见的可接反身代词作宾语的动词或短语动词有 cut、hurt、protect、teach、enjoy、help、take care of、look after 等。 常见反身代词固定搭配： 动词 + 反身代词 hurt oneself：伤到自己 cut oneself：割伤自己 protect oneself：保护自己 help oneself (to sth.)：随便吃/用某物 enjoy oneself：玩得开心 teach oneself：自学 look after oneself：照顾自己 take care of oneself：照顾自己 dress oneself：自己穿衣服 introduce oneself：自我介绍 be oneself：做自己；身体好 talk to oneself：自言自语 介词 + 反身代词 固定搭配 by oneself：独自；亲自 for oneself：为自己；亲自 in oneself：本身；本质 to oneself：暗自；私下 be hard on oneself：对自己太苛刻 系动词 + 反身代词 固定搭配 feel oneself：感觉正常；身体舒服 be not oneself：身体不适；状态不对 come to oneself：苏醒；恢复知觉 反身代词专项练习题 一、用括号内所给代词的适当形式填空。 1. The little boy can dress __________ (he) now. 2. We should learn to protect __________ (we) from danger. 3. Help __________ (you) to some fish, kids! 4. She bought __________ (she) a new bag for her birthday. 5. The robot can clean the room by __________ (it). 6. You must look after __________ (you) when I’m not at home. 7. They enjoyed __________ (they) at the party last night. 8. I taught __________ (I) to play the piano when I was free. 9. Be careful! Don’t hurt __________ (you) with the knife. 10. The students made the model plane by __________ (they). 11. He often talks to __________ (he) when he is alone. 12. We should be strict with __________ (we) in our studies. 13．When my parents travel, they always take photos to remind _______ (they) of the wonderful time. 14．Helen, a British student, will enjoy ________ (she) during the summer holiday in China. 15．First of all, let me introduce________ (I) to you. 16．The story ________ (it) was very good, but you didn’t tell it well. 17．Tom and Jerry have a lot in common. ________ (they) favourite sport is basketball. 18．The students are young, but they know how to protect ________ (they). 19．We should believe in ______ (we). 20．You should look after ______ (you) when your parents are out. 二、单项选择。 ( )1. —Who taught you to swim? —Nobody. I taught __________. A. me B. myself C. mine D. my ( )2. The old man lives by __________ in the small village. A. him B. his C. himself D. he ( )3. Help __________ to some fruit, children. A. yourself B. yourselves C. you D. yours ( )4. She finished the work all by __________. A. her B. hers C. herself D. she ( )5. We should look after __________ well. A. ourselves B. our C. us D. ours ( )6. The little girl can look after __________ now. A. she B. her C. herself D. hers ( )7. — Did you enjoy __________ at the party? —Yes, we had a great time. A. yourselves B. yourself C. you D. yours ( )8. The machine can repair __________ when it breaks down. A. it B. its C. itself D. it’s ( )9. You must be strict with __________ in your work. A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself ( )10. They built the house by __________. A. them B. their C. themselves D. theirs ( )11. I hurt __________ when I played basketball yesterday. A. me B. my C. mine D. myself ( )12. The teacher asked us to introduce __________ in English. A. ourselves B. our C. us D. ours 情态动词语法总结 情态动词（Modal Verbs）:情态动词可以用来表示提议或建议。 1. should 情态动词 should 作“应该；应当；可以”讲，用以表达职责和义务、提出劝告，而且表述的是自己的主观看法。例如： When you have the flu, you should wear a mask when you’re outside. 患流感时，你出门应戴上口罩。 If you did something wrong, you should say sorry. 如果是你做错了什么，你应该道歉。 should 的否定式是 should not / shouldn’t，意思是“不应当；不该”。例如： You shouldn’t eat so much next time. 下次你可不要吃这么多了。 We shouldn’t judge a book by its cover. 我们不应该以貌取人。 2. could 情态动词 could 也用于提出建议，比 can 语气更为委婉。例如： A: What should I take with me to the party? 我去参加聚会应该带点什么呢？ B: You could take some fruit or flowers. 你可以带些水果或鲜花。 If you want to say sorry, you could call him. 如果你想道歉，你可以给他打电话。 情态动词专项练习题 一、用 should / shouldn’t / could 填空。 1. You __________ (should / shouldn’t) wash your hands before meals to keep healthy. 2. We __________ (should / shouldn’t) stay up too late, because it’s bad for our body. 3. If you have a toothache, you __________ (should / shouldn’t) see a dentist right away. 4. You __________ (should / shouldn’t) touch your eyes with dirty hands. 5. To keep fit, we __________ (should / shouldn’t) do exercise every day. 6. He has a cold, so he __________ (should / shouldn’t) drink more warm water. 7. You __________ (should / shouldn’t) eat too much junk food, it’s unhealthy. 8. If you feel tired, you __________ (could / should) take a short rest. 9. When you have a fever, you __________ (should / shouldn’t) go to school. 10. You __________ (could / should) try to listen to light music to relax yourself. 11. We __________ (should / shouldn’t) wear warm clothes in cold weather. 12. If you want to lose weight, you __________ (could / should) eat more vegetables. 二、单项选择。 ( )1. —I have a headache. What should I do? —You __________ lie down and rest. A. should B. shouldn’t C. could D. can’t ( )2. You __________ smoke in public places. It’s not allowed. A. should B. shouldn’t C. could D. can ( )3. If you feel stressed, you __________ talk to your parents or friends. A. should B. shouldn’t C. couldn’t D. need ( )4. —What __________ I take to the picnic? —You __________ take some healthy snacks and water. A. should; could B. could; should C. should; can’t D. could; shouldn’t ( )5. We __________ eat too much sugar, because it’s bad for our teeth. A. should B. shouldn’t C. could D. can ( )6. You __________ go to bed early if you don’t feel well. A. should B. shouldn’t C. could D. needn’t ( )7. —I don’t know how to keep healthy. —You __________ try to do more outdoor activities. A. should B. shouldn’t C. could D. need ( )8. You __________ forget to take your medicine on time. A. should B. shouldn’t C. could D. can ( )9. If you have a sore throat, you __________ drink some honey water. A. should B. shouldn’t C. could D. need ( )10. —What __________ we do to protect ourselves from the flu? —You __________ wear masks and wash hands often. A. should; could B. could; should C. should; can’t D. could; shouldn’t ( )11. You __________ run in the hallway, it’s dangerous. A. should B. shouldn’t C. could D. can ( )12. If you want to improve your health, you __________ start with a balanced diet. A. should B. shouldn’t C. could D. need 三、句型转换。 1. You should eat more vegetables.（改为否定句） You __________ __________ more vegetables. 2. You should see a doctor.（改为一般疑问句） __________ I __________ a doctor? 3. You could take some exercise to keep fit.（改为同义句） You __________ __________ some exercise to keep fit. 4. We should wear masks in public.（对划线部分提问） __________ __________ we __________ in public? 5. You shouldn’t stay up late.（改为同义句） You __________ __________ to bed early. 6. You could help your parents with housework.（改为否定句） You __________ __________ your parents with housework. 7. Should we eat less junk food?（作肯定回答） __________, you __________. 8. You should drink plenty of water.（改为祈使句） __________ __________ plenty of water. 9. You could listen to music to relax.（对划线部分提问） __________ __________ I __________ to relax? 10. We shouldn’t be late for school.（改为同义句） We __________ __________ be on time for school. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $