精品解析：河南禹州市第三高级中学2025-2026学年高二下学期第一次学情检测英语试题

菁华校区第一次学情检测 英语试题 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音读两遍。 1. What can we know about Mike? A. He works hard. B. He gets a house. C. He has a low pay. 2. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a booking office. 3. Why does the woman come to the man? A. To stop in Singapore. B. To check her luggage. C. To exchange her ticket. 4. What should the man do according to the woman? A Do more sports. B. Stay in hospital. C. Get enough rest 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Course selection. B. Class registration. C. Textbook purchase. 第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音读两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What does Jim value most about the apartment? A. The size. B. The surroundings. C. The location. 7. How much rent will the woman pay per month? A. $300. B. $320. C. $350. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Parent and child. 9. What does Howard think is a disadvantage of being a teacher? A. Keeping a growth mindset. B. Dealing with tricky students. C. Possessing a wide knowledge. 10. How does Howard feel about his future career choice? A. Confused. B. Anxious. C. Confident. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. Why does Anna come to Shanghai? A. To study Chinese. B. To go sightseeing. C. To travel for work. 12. What makes Anna a bit regretful in Shanghai? A. The weather. B. The food. C. The language barrier. 13. Where does the conversation take place? A. At the man’s house. B. At the airport. C. In an office. 听第9段录音，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the hardest part for Martin to play a superhero? A. Managing his facial expression. B. Performing in action scenes. C. Getting his body in shape. 15. What does Martin like best about growing up in Canada? A. Having access to nature. B. Receiving international education. C. Establishing a strong family connection. 16. How did Martin get into acting? A. By working as a producer. B. By studying acting at university. C. By participating in a musical drama. 17. What is the last question about? A. Martin’s views on education. B. Martin’s potential career choice. C. Martin’s collaboration with companies. 听第10段录音，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the aim of World Sleep Day? A. To tell people how to get enough sleep. B. To illustrate the harm of sleep problems. C. To spread the importance of high-quality sleep. 19. What does the study from the University of South Australia show? A. Adults lack adequate sleep on workdays. B. Sleep quality plays a decisive role in people’s health. C. Daytime physical activities have a positive effect on sleep. 20. What do most people know little about? A. The risks of sleep disorders. B. The benefits of regular sleep. C. The necessity of work-life balance. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Artificial intelligence (AI) has been making our lives easier in many areas, from automating tasks to extracting information from big data files. However, not everything AI does is in our best interest. AI password cracking has also increased because AI can hack (破解) passwords in seconds. A recent report led by Rahul Mahna’s team from the University of East London found that an AI password cracker called PassGAN could crack any seven- digit password in less than six minutes — even if the passwords contained symbols, numbers, and capital and lowercase letters. Additionally, the AI cracked 51% of these usual types of passwords within a minute, 65% within an hour, 71% within a day and 81% within a month. After seeing these worrying results, you’ll undoubtedly take online security more seriously. How can you protect your passwords from these hackers? Mahna suggests the following methods to help you protect yourself against hackers. Unique passwords everywhere Mahna emphasizes having different passwords for each website, device or service. Don’t worry about remembering all these passwords, since password managers can not only store your passwords but can also generate unique combinations for you. Long passwords Using long passwords that include numbers, capital and lowercase letters and symbols — and are not easily understood or inferred — will enhance the protection element. Personal privacy Posting too much information online — like on Facebook or Instagram — about your life is not a good idea if you’re concerned about security. It can provide information about your location, valuables and family. If you assume you’ve been hacked, don’t scan for viruses or change passwords until you have disconnected from the Internet. The best way to handle an attack is to prepare in advance, like changing your passwords frequently. 1. What do we know about the AI password cracker PassGAN? A. It secures large data files. B. It attacks passwords quickly. C. It protects online accounts. D. It generates unique passwords. 2. How can we protect our passwords from being attacked? A. Remember all of our passwords. B. Limit personal information online. C. Create passwords related to family. D. Use a password for most websites. 3. What should you do first if you are attacked by a hacker? A. Scan the device for viruses. B. Change the passwords rapidly. C. Reset the password manager. D. Cut off the Internet connection. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工智能在密码破解方面的应用及其带来的安全威胁，并提供了保护密码的方法。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“A recent report led by Rahul Mahna’s team from the University of East London found that an AI password cracker called PassGAN could crack any seven-digit password in less than six minutes — even if the passwords contained symbols, numbers, and capital and lowercase letters. (东伦敦大学Rahul Mahna团队最近的一份报告发现，一种名为PassGAN的人工智能密码破解器可以在不到六分钟的时间内破解任何七位数的密码——即使密码包含符号、数字以及大小写字母。)”可知，PassGAN能够快速破解密码。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Posting too much information online — like on Facebook or Instagram — about your life is not a good idea if you’re concerned about security. It can provide information about your location, valuables and family. (如果你担心安全问题，在Facebook或Instagram等网站上发布太多关于你生活的信息并不是个好主意。它可以提供你的位置、贵重物品和家庭信息。)”可知，为了保护密码不被攻击，我们应该限制在网上发布个人信息。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“If you assume you’ve been hacked, don’t scan for viruses or change passwords until you have disconnected from the Internet. (如果你认为自己被黑客攻击了，在断开互联网连接之前，不要扫描病毒或更改密码。)”可知，如果被黑客攻击，首先要做的是断开互联网连接。故选D。 B Back in 2003, Erica Hernandez was just a kid helping 20 adults take care of the beach. They overheard a plan to build a processing station for natural gas 14 miles off the coast of Oxnard. The plant would send over 200 tons of air pollution per year to Erica’s community. Not only that, the station would take in millions of gallons of seawater per day to cool its generators, and discharge the water more than 15 degrees centigrade hotter than the surrounding ocean. This hot wastewater would cause serious harm to the surrounding ecosystem, killing tiny creatures and small fish critical to the survival of marine mammals and fisheries. Erica cared too much to stay silent. She joined her friends in weekly protests at the office of the natural gas company. Prospects of stopping the project did not look good. The governor was in favor of it, and so were the powerful state commissions that would have to approve it. “The word on the street was that there was nothing we could do.” Behind the scenes, however, opposition was growing, so Erica became the spokesperson for the youth of the town. She regularly walked her neighborhood along the route of the proposed pipeline, using a hula hoop to show people the size of the pipe that would pass by their houses. She talked to the media, and stories about the dangers of the proposed facility began appearing in the press. “We made thousands of phone calls and sent thousands of postcards telling the governor why this facility was a bad idea.” In July 2007, the governor made an unexpected move: He turned down the project. Erica and her friends won! As only the second person in her family to go to college, Erica wants to become an environmental lawyer so she can fight for the environment and for the rights of communities. She wants other young people to speak out when they see something wrong, even if they feel shy about it at first. She likes to quote the words of her role model, César Chávez: “We are the future. The future is ours.” 4. What can be learned about the to-be-built processing station? A. It is climate-damaging. B. It is ecologically-unfriendly. C. It provides energy to the locals. D. It uses seawater-driven generators. 5. Why does the author mention the governor? A. To express Erica’s desperate mood. B. To show the great barriers Erica faced. C. To stress the support from the government. D. To blame the protest on the official’s inaction. 6. Which of the following can best describe Erica? A. Creative and industrious. B. Pioneering and curious. C. Determined and responsible. D. Adventurous and talkative. 7. What message is mainly conveyed through Erica’s story? A. Courage is always rewarded in the end. B. Success depends on teamwork and cooperation. C. Young people can bring about change by speaking up. D. Environmental protection should come before economic development. 【答案】4 B 5. B 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Erica Hernandez为阻止对生态环境有害的天然气处理站建设，积极组织抗议活动，最终成功推动项目被否决，并立志成为环保律师，鼓励年轻人勇敢发声的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“This hot wastewater would cause serious harm to the surrounding ecosystem, killing tiny creatures and small fish critical to the survival of marine mammals and fisheries.(这些高温废水会对周围生态系统造成严重危害，杀死对海洋哺乳动物和渔业生存至关重要的微小生物和小鱼。)”可知，拟建的处理站会对生态系统造成严重危害，即生态不友好。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The governor was in favor of it, and so were the powerful state commissions that would have to approve it.(州长支持它，那些必须批准它的强大的州委员会也支持它。)”可知，作者提到州长是为了表明Erica在阻止项目时面临的巨大障碍。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“She joined her friends in weekly protests at the office of the natural gas company.(她和朋友们每周都在天然气公司办公室抗议。)”以及第三段“She regularly walked her neighborhood along the route of the proposed pipeline, using a hula hoop to show people the size of the pipe that would pass by their houses.(她经常沿着拟议的管道路线在社区行走，用呼啦圈向人们展示管道的大小。)”等行为可知，Erica面对强大阻力仍坚持抗议，积极行动，体现出她的坚定与责任感。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“She wants other young people to speak out when they see something wrong, even if they feel shy about it at first.(她希望其他年轻人在看到问题时勇敢发声，即使一开始会感到害羞。)”以及她的事迹可知，文章主要传达的信息是年轻人可以通过发声带来改变。故选C。 C Swindale Beck meanders (蜿蜒) through fields, farmland and valleys. However, not long ago, the river took a far more straight course. A healthy river should be winding, free flowing and filled with wildlife. The ideal river is “very dynamic, messy and chaotic”, says Glen Swainson, a manager of RSPB. In Britain, however, 97% of rivers are broken up by artificial barriers. And for centuries rivers have been slowly artificially straightened to stop water from flooding and spilling onto farmland and houses. But removing a river’s natural meanders has, in fact, achieved the opposite effect. Instead, it has disrupted the flow of rivers and destroyed water habitats, water quality and heightened flood risk. As the poor health of Europe’s rivers and streams continues to make news, communities are turning towards natural solutions to restore their rivers. According to Tom Hayek, a natural flood management specialist, adding meanders into rivers has two benefits — it changes both the volume and the speed of water. Firstly, it decreases what’s known as flow conveyance. “When the length of the river is increased, you spread water over a wider area. This allows more water to sit up in the headwaters.” The second impact is on speed. Put simply, the more structure you add to the shape of a river, the slower the water will move down it. If it’s straight, water will “fly” through, says Hayek. When the flow of water is slowed, it creates deeper pools for fish to gather and rest. With meanders added to Swindale Beck, the results were astonishing, says Annabel Rushton, a visitor experience manager. “Within three months of that river being re-wiggled, the salmon (鲑鱼) were spawning (产卵) in that one kilometre area for the first time in over150 years,” she says. Scientists have also noted an increase in fish gathering. Then, there were the knock-on effects. Water-loving plants returned, providing cover for young fish to feed and hide. 8. Why were many rivers in Britain artificially straightened in the past? A. To increase the natural flow of rivers. B. To improve water habitats for wildlife. C. To create barriers for flood management. D. To protect people and land from floods. 9. What problem may be caused by removing a river’s meanders? A. Lower water levels. B. Poorer farming land. C. Worse water quality. D. Drier wildlife habitats. 10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The benefits of adding meanders. B. The impacts of straightening rivers. C. The examples of controlling floods. D. The needs of increasing water speed. 11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Nature conservation is often a long game. B. Species co-exist and function as a whole. C. Eco-recovery can happen at a high speed. D. Bio-diversity relies on human intervention. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述英国很多河流被截弯取直以防止洪水泛滥，事实上，这反而产生了相反的效果，专家指出恢复河流弯道具有生态与防洪效益。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“And for centuries rivers have been slowly artificially straightened to stop water from flooding and spilling onto farmland and houses.(而且数百年来，河流一直被人为地逐渐拉直，以防止洪水泛滥并避免水流溢出农田和房屋)”可知，河流被人工拉直是为了保护农田和人员免受洪水侵害。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Instead, it has disrupted the flow of rivers and destroyed water habitats, water quality and heightened flood risk.(相反，这破坏了河流的流动并破坏了水生生物的栖息地、水质，并增加了洪水风险)”可知，这样做使得水质变差。故选C。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段内容，结合首句“According to Tom Hayek, a natural flood management specialist, adding meanders into rivers has two benefits — it changes both the volume and the speed of water.(据自然洪水管理专家Tom Hayek称，在河流中增加弯道有两个好处——它既能改变水流的量，也能改变水流的速度)”可知，该段主要通过专家之口解释了增加河流弯道如何通过物理机制降低流速并减少洪灾风险，旨在说明增加弯道带来的积极影响，故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“With meanders added to Swindale Beck, the results were astonishing, says Annabel Rushton, a visitor experience manager. “Within three months of that river being re-wiggled, the salmon (鲑鱼) were spawning (产卵) in that one kilometre area for the first time in over150 years,” she says. Scientists have also noted an increase in fish gathering. Then, there were the knock-on effects. Water-loving plants returned, providing cover for young fish to feed and hide.(Annabel Rushton是一位游客体验经理，她表示，当斯温戴尔河增加了弯曲部分后，结果令人震惊。“在那条河重新弯曲后的三个月内，这条河的一公里范围内（出现了）鲑鱼产卵的现象，这是超过 150 年来首次发生的情况。”她说。科学家还注意到鱼类聚集的数量有所增加。此外，还有连锁反应。喜水的植物重新生长，为幼鱼提供了遮蔽处，让它们能够觅食和躲避)”可知，河流重新蜿蜒后，其结果是“惊人的：短短三个月内，鲑鱼就在此产卵，这是150年来的第一次。同时其他鱼类数量增加，水生植物也随之恢复，这些事实有力地证明了生态恢复的速度可以非常之快。故选C。 D Being an information technology, or IT, worker is not a job I envy. They are the ones expected to instantly fix a projector that stops working, even right in the middle of a critical meeting. They have to tolerate the bad mood of colleagues who are upset after calling the help desk repeatedly for the same issue. They also know there are better, more reliable and faster systems available, but their employer simply will not provide the funds to buy them. According to a recent survey, employees reliant on IT support often consider it a major source of job dissatisfaction. Through no fault of their own, they can suddenly find their productivity deteriorating (退化) or quality control non-existent. And there’s little they can do about it. The experience of using IT affects almost every aspect of the workplace. It has become a crucial part of employees’ overall work experience. When IT is operating as it should, employee self-confidence increases. Their job satisfaction, too, can surge when well-functioning machines relieve them of dull tasks or repetitive processes. But if there’s one thing that triggers widespread frustration, it’s a failed IT transformation project. In such cases, high expectations are dashed, and a long list of promised efficiencies fails to materialize. This occurs when business leaders implement IT initiatives with little consideration of how those changes will impact the end user. This is why managers should appreciate how influential the IT user experience is, and make a substantial effort to ensure their IT team fixes programming errors and application crashes. Adequate and timely IT support should also be available to help users resolve technological issues at work. More importantly, IT practitioners need to understand how employees feel when they use IT. Therefore, businesses need to design their IT infrastructure (基础设施) to fit their employees’ work, rather than force employees to work around the company’s IT limitations. 12. What makes the author say IT work is not a job he envies? A. Fixing unexpected project problems. B. Upgrading the present systems repeatedly. C. Resolving tensions among unhappy colleagues. D. Handling high-pressure tasks with poor support. 13. What is said about Information Technology’s influence on employees? A. It mainly helps the tech-skilled. B. Its negatives may outweigh positives. C. It can hurt or improve work and well-being. D. It often lowers productivity and satisfaction. 14. What should managers and businesses do to improve the IT experience? A. Make IT training available to staff. B. Tailor technology to fit human work patterns. C. Upgrade systems regardless of cost for efficiency. D. Focus first on solving urgent technical breakdowns. 15. Which would be the best title for the text? A. Employee Training in the Digital Age B. The Rising Cost of Business Technology C. Why IT Departments Need More Funding D. Human-Centered IT: A Key to Productivity 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过分析IT工作者面临的困境、IT系统对普通员工工作效率与满意度的双重影响，最终论证了企业管理中应以员工体验为中心设计技术方案的必要性。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“They are the ones expected to instantly fix a projector that stops working, even right in the middle of a critical meeting. They have to tolerate the bad mood of colleagues who are upset after calling the help desk repeatedly for the same issue. They also know there are better, more reliable and faster systems available, but their employer simply will not provide the funds to buy them.(IT人员需要在关键会议进行到一半时，立刻修复出现故障的投影仪。他们还得忍受那些因同一问题反复致电求助台而心情不佳的同事的坏脾气。他们也知道有更好、更可靠、更快捷的系统，但雇主就是不愿出资购买。)”可知，作者列举了IT工作者的工作内容，综合来看，他们要处理各种高压力任务，且得不到足够的支持，所以作者说信息技术工作并非是他所羡慕的职业。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The experience of using IT affects almost every aspect of the workplace. It has become a crucial part of employees’ overall work experience. When IT is operating as it should, employee self-confidence increases.(使用信息技术的体验几乎影响着职场的方方面面。它已成为员工整体工作体验中至关重要的一部分。当信息技术正常运行时，员工的自信心会增强。)”及第四段中“Their job satisfaction, too, can surge when well-functioning machines relieve them of dull tasks or repetitive processes. But if there’s one thing that triggers widespread frustration, it’s a failed IT transformation project.(当运转良好的机器将员工从枯燥的任务或重复的流程中解脱出来时，他们的工作满意度也会大幅提升。但是，如果说有什么事情会引发普遍的挫败感，那就是失败的IT转型项目。)”可知，信息技术对员工的影响既有积极的一面，也有消极的一面，即它可以影响工作和生活的好坏，故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Therefore, businesses need to design their IT infrastructure (基础设施) to fit their employees’ work, rather than force employees to work around the company’s IT limitations.(因此，企业需要设计适合员工工作的IT基础设施，而不是强迫员工去适应公司的IT限制。)”可知，管理者和企业要根据人类的工作模式定制技术。故选B。 15题详解】 主旨大意题。纵观全文，尤其根据最后一段“Therefore, businesses need to design their IT infrastructure (基础设施) to fit their employees’ work, rather than force employees to work around the company’s IT limitations.(因此，企业需要设计适合员工工作的IT基础设施，而不是强迫员工去适应公司的IT限制。)”可知，本文先揭示IT工作者及普通员工因技术问题面临的困境（引出现象）， 进而分析IT对员工效率与心理的双重影响（剖析问题），最后提出根本出路在于以员工为中心设计IT系统（提出解决方案）。D项“Human-Centered IT: A Key to Productivity(以人为本的IT：提高生产力的关键)”概括了文章主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选D。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Learning a language is full of fulfilling steps, from the excitement of your first conversation with a fluent speaker to the intellectual challenge of mastering grammar rules. But at some point, you need to handle an unavoidable task. ____16____ Here are our top tips for absorbing new English words efficiently! Flashcards are a great tool, especially for beginners. However, make sure to practice the words you learn in different contexts. For example, if you learn food-related words, try reading an English recipe to see how they're used. ____17____ This way, you can focus on words you've encountered in your studies, making them easier to remember. The saying "use it or lose it" applies perfectly to vocabulary. If you don't use new words, you'll forget them. ____18____ Ideally, practice it in conversation with an English speaker. For instance. after learning haircut-related vocabulary, visit an English-speaking barber to test your new words. ____19____ Studies show that handwriting helps you remember information better than typing. The reason isn't entirely clear, but it could be because writing requires more time and intentional movement. This simple trick can make a big difference in remembering vocabulary. Another trick is to note down the new words whenever you encounter them. Each word you record comes with its own context, making it easier to remember. ____20____ Over time, your notebook will become a valuable resource for expanding your vocabulary. Over time, these small intentional efforts will build a strong foundation for fluency. With patience and persistence, you'll find yourself confidently using new words in conversations, reading, and writing, bringing you closer to your language goals. A. You have to memorize a bunch of words. B. Will typing replace handwriting one day? C. There is no need to worry about your language learning. D. When you learn a word, try to use it in real-life situations. E. Start small by writing down five new words per study time. F. You can also create your own flashcards instead of using pre-made ones. G. Writing new words by hand may seem old-fashioned, but it's surprisingly effective. 【答案】16. A 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了学习语言时如何高效吸收新单词的几种方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“But at some point, you need to handle an unavoidable task. Here are our top tips for absorbing new English words efficiently!（但到了某个时候，你需要处理一个不可避免的任务。）”和下文“Here are our top tips for absorbing new English words efficiently!( 以下是我们高效吸收新英语单词的顶级技巧！)”可推知，空处承上启下，说明词汇是学习语言不可避免的任务，因此推断A项“学习语言时，记忆单词是不可避免的任务。”符合语境。故选A。 【17题详解】 根据上文“However, make sure to practice the words you learn in different contexts. For example, if you learn food-related words, try reading an English recipe to see how they’re used.(但是，一定要在不同的语境中练习你学到的单词。例如，如果你学习与食物有关的单词，试着阅读英语食谱，看看它们是如何使用的。)”和下文“This way, you can focus on words you’ve encountered in your studies, making them easier to remember.(这样，你就可以专注于你在学习中遇到的单词，使它们更容易记住。)”可知，此处讲述通过在实际语境中运用学习词汇，并进行的举例说明，因此推断F项“你也可以制作自己的抽认卡，而不是使用预先制作好的抽认卡。”符合语境，进一步举例说明，呼应下文的this way，故选F。 【18题详解】 根据上文“The saying “use it or lose it” applies perfectly to vocabulary. If you don’t use new words, you’ll forget them.（“用进废退”这个说法完全适用于词汇。如果你不使用新单词，你就会忘记它们。）”可推知，此处讲述学习单词用经常使用才不会忘记，因此推断D项“当你学习一个单词时，试着在现实生活中使用它。”符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据下文“Studies show that handwriting helps you remember information better than typing.（研究表明，手写比打字更能帮助你记住信息。）”可推知，此处讲述手写更有利于记忆，因此推断G项“手写单词虽然看似过时，但效果显著。”符合语境。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Another trick is to note down the new words whenever you encounter them. Each word you record comes with its own context, making it easier to remember.（另一个技巧是每当遇到新单词时就把它们记下来。你记录的每个单词都有自己的上下文，这样更容易记住。）”和下文“Over time, your notebook will become a valuable resource for expanding your vocabulary.( 随着时间的推移，你的笔记本将成为扩大词汇量的宝贵资源。)”可推知，此处讲述遇到新单词要记下来，积少成多，有上下文的词汇更容易记住，因此推断E项“每次学习时记下五个新单词是一个不错的开始。”符合语境。故选E。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I had many adventures as a child, but one stands out on the local football pitch at Pacaembu, Brazil, the legendary cradle of football geniuses. I was ____21____ my team when our goalkeeper got injured. No one else volunteered, so I ____22____ reluctantly, never having tried the position before. I felt ____23____ in the unfamiliar spot. Soon, a striker broke through and I dived to ____24____ his shot. His boot caught me right in the face in the ____25____. The cut was deep and blood was everywhere. I had no money for a taxi and was too embarrassed to get on a bus with a ____26____ face. I asked a friend for a ____27____ on his bicycle, but the bridge on our way was too steep for him to pedal with my ____28____. I had to walk the rest of the way, ____29____ my heavy kitbag. People gaped at my face in shock, but I kept moving. The long walk home felt like a lonely march of _____30_____. When I finally arrived, my grandmother treated the wound with warm turmeric. Seeing my downcast eyes, she whispered, “The mark on your face isn’t a sign of failure, but a proof of your _____31_____. You stood where others wouldn’t.” Her words _____32_____ me faster than the medicine. That wasn’t the only time I got hurt on those overused pitches. Injuries were frequent, but they _____33_____ me for the struggles ahead. Over time, I realized the scar became a medal of _____34_____, a symbol of pride and courage. It taught me being a sportsman meant _____35_____ every ball life throws without fear. 21. A. following B. captaining C. inviting D. observing 22. A. cheered up B. called out C. stepped up D. dropped out 23. A. uneasy B. impatient C. ashamed D. distracted 24. A. record B. watch C. stop D. avoid 25. A. distance B. fight C. team D. crash 26. A. muddy B. sweaty C. sunburnt D. bloodied 27. A. favor B. lift C. seat D. chance 28. A. weight B. quality C. height D. strength 29. A. packing B. displaying C. dragging D. raising 30. A. defeat B. silence C. pressure D. regret 31. A. honesty B. cooperation C. responsibility D. discipline 32. A. changed B. moved C. inspired D. healed 33. A. reminded B. forced C. protected D. hardened 34. A. honor B. hope C. peace D. trust 35. A. attacking B. braving C. gathering D. predicting 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者童年时在巴西帕卡恩布足球场的一次冒险经历——临时担任守门员时面部受伤，在艰难回家的路上得到祖母的开导，最终将伤疤视为勇气与责任的勋章，领悟到运动员精神真谛的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我当时正担任队长带领我的球队，这时我们的守门员受伤了。A. following跟随；B. captaining担任队长；C. inviting邀请；D. observing观察。根据下文“my team when our goalkeeper got injured. No one else volunteered, so I ____ reluctantly, never having tried the position before.”可知，守门员受伤了，无人自愿顶替，作者担任了这个角色。由此推知，作为队长的作者在无人响应时挺身而出。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：无人自愿，我不情愿地挺身而出，从未尝试过这个位置。A. cheered up振作起来；B. called out大声呼叫；C. stepped up挺身而出；D. dropped out退出。根据上文“No one else volunteered”及下文“never having tried the position before.”可推知，作者在无人愿意的情况下挺身而出，担任守门员。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这个陌生的位置上，我感到不安。A. uneasy不安的；B. impatient不耐烦的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. distracted分心的。根据上文“ever having tried the position before.”及下文“in the unfamiliar spot.”可知，作者从未尝试过这个位置，自然会感到局促不安。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，一名前锋突破了防线，我迅速扑向他以阻止他射门。A. record记录；B. watch观看；C. stop阻止；D. avoid避免。根据上文“Soon, a striker broke through and I dived to”可知，对方突破了防线，作为守门员的作者，应该是试图阻止射门。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那次碰撞中，他的靴子正好砸到了我的脸上。A. distance距离；B. fight战斗；C. team团队；D. crash 碰撞。根据上文“Soon, a striker broke through and I dived to ____ his shot.”及下文“The cut was deep and blood was everywhere.”可知，作者在扑救射门的时候，脸受伤了，他和前锋发生了碰撞。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我没钱打车，也因满脸是血而不好意思上公交车。A. muddy泥泞的；B. sweaty汗湿的；C. sunburnt晒伤的；D. bloodied血污的。根据上文“The cut was deep and blood was everywhere.”可推知，作者面部沾满血迹。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我请求朋友让我搭他的自行车后座，但路上的桥太陡了，他带着我的重量无法蹬车上去。A. favor恩惠；B. lift搭便车；C. seat座位；D. chance机会。根据上文“I had no money for a taxi and was too embarrassed to get on a bus with a ________ face.”可知，作者没钱打车，又不好意思坐公交车，所以想搭朋友的自行车回家。固定搭配give sb. a lift“让某人搭便车”。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我请求朋友让我搭他的自行车后座，但路上的桥太陡了，他带着我的重量无法蹬车上去。A. weight重量；B. quality质量；C. height高度；D. strength力量。根据上文“but the bridge on our way was too steep for him to pedal with my”及下文“I had to walk the rest of the way, ________ my heavy kitbag.”可知，桥太陡了，作者自己走剩下的路，说明额外重量使朋友无法骑行上坡。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不拖着沉重的装备包走完剩下的路。A. packing打包；B. displaying展示；C. dragging拖拽；D. raising举起。根据下文“my heavy kitbag”及语境可知，作者受伤了，又带着沉重的装备，因此作者只能艰难地拖拽装备包。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：漫长的回家路感觉像是一场孤独的失败行军。A. defeat失败；B. silence沉默；C. pressure压力；D. regret后悔。根据下文“The mark on your face isn’t a sign of failure”可知，此处指漫长的回家路感觉像是一场孤独的失败行军。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到我低垂的双眼，她轻声说道：“你脸上的伤痕并非失败的标志，而是一种责任的证明。你在别人都不敢站的地方站住了脚。”A. honesty诚实；B. cooperation合作；C. responsibility责任；D. discipline纪律。根据上文“The mark on your face isn’t a sign of failure”及下文“You stood where others wouldn’t.”可推知，祖母强调的是作者挺身而出的责任感。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的话比药物更快地治愈了我。A. changed改变；B. moved感动；C. inspired鼓舞；D. healed治愈。根据上文“When I finally arrived, my grandmother treated the wound with warm turmeric.”及下文“me faster than the medicine.”可推知，祖母的话起到了心灵治愈作用。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：受伤很频繁，但它们让我更加坚强，迎接未来的斗争。A. reminded提醒；B. forced强迫；C. protected保护；D. hardened使坚强。根据下文“Over time, I realized the scar became a medal of ____, a symbol of pride and courage.”可推知，这些伤痛锻炼了作者的意志，让他更加坚强。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我意识到那道伤疤已变成了一枚荣誉勋章，象征着自豪与勇气。A. honor荣誉；B. hope希望；C. peace和平；D. trust信任。根据下文“a symbol of pride and courage”可推知，作者意识到那道伤疤已变成了一枚象征着自豪与勇气的荣誉勋章。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它教会我，成为一名运动员意味着勇敢地迎接生活抛来的每一个球，无所畏惧。A. attacking攻击；B. braving勇敢面对；C. gathering收集；D. predicting预测。根据下文“every ball life throws without fear”可推知，此处强调勇敢面对的精神。故选B。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Latin translation of The Tao Te Ching, ___36___ (forget) in the British Library for more than 300 years, has recently been rediscovered and published through the efforts of Misha Tadd, a scholar at Nankai University. Tadd says, “Compared with The Analects of Confucius, which ___37___ (root) in the traditions and rules of the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC), The Tao Te Ching does not involve specific names, places, ___38___ social systems.” This quality allows it to go beyond cultural boundaries and speak directly to universal human concerns. Tadd’s connection with The Tao Te Ching began at the age of 14, when he came ___39___ an English edition in a small-town library in the United States. That chance encounter sparked ___40___ one-of-a-kind interest in Chinese culture. Years later, while ___41___ (study) a Latin translation of The Republic by Plato, Tadd wondered if The Tao Te Ching could also be translated into Latin. His search eventually led him to the British Library, ___42___ he discovered a Latin manuscript of the text, translated by early missionaries. He discovered parts of the manuscript were faded and ___43___ (complete), and it was not until 2022 that he obtained a full digital scan of the work. He spent a long time transcribing, comparing, and annotating the text word by word. “It requires enduring ___44___ (patient),” Tadd says. The thought system of The Tao Te Ching is grounded in China, but its interpretation and influence are now ____45____ (true) global. 【答案】36. forgotten 37. is rooted 38. or 39. across 40. a 41. studying 42. where 43. incomplete 44. patience 45. truly 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了南开大学学者米沙·塔德历经努力，重新发现并出版了在大英图书馆尘封300多年的《道德经》拉丁文译本，讲述了他与《道德经》的渊源、寻找及整理译本的过程，并提及《道德经》虽植根于中国，却具有全球影响力。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一部尘封在大英图书馆300多年的《道德经》拉丁文译本，近日在南开大学学者米沙·塔德的努力下被重新发现并出版。名词translation与动词forget之间为被动关系，需用过去分词作后置定语，故填forgotten。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：塔德说：“与植根于春秋时期（公元前770-476年）传统和礼制的《论语》不同，《道德经》不涉及具体的姓名、地点或社会制度。”“be rooted in”为固定搭配，意为“植根于，源于”，句子描述客观事实，需用一般现在时的被动语态，主语which指代The Analects of Confucius，为单数，故填is rooted。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：塔德说：“与植根于春秋时期（公元前770-476年）传统和礼制的《论语》不同，《道德经》不涉及具体的姓名、地点或社会制度。”否定句中，并列成分用or连接，此处连接names, places和social systems，符合语义逻辑，故填or。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：塔德与《道德经》缘分始于14岁，当时他在美国一个小镇的图书馆里偶然发现了一个英文译本。“come across”为固定搭配，意为“偶然遇见，发现”，故填across。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：那次偶然的邂逅点燃了他对中国文化一种独特的兴趣。此处泛指“一种独特的兴趣”，one-of-a-kind以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a，故填a。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：多年后，在研究柏拉图《理想国》的拉丁文译本时，塔德想知道《道德经》是否也能被翻译成拉丁文。while引导的时间状语从句中，主语Tadd与动词study之间为主动关系，且从句主语与主句主语一致，可省略主语和be动词，用现在分词形式作状语，故填studying。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句关系副词。句意：他的搜索最终把他带到了大英图书馆，在那里他发现了这部著作的拉丁文手稿，由早期传教士翻译而成。先行词为the British Library，指地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导，故填where。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他发现手稿的部分内容已经褪色且不完整，直到2022年他才获得了这部作品的完整数字扫描件。根据前文“faded”及语境可知，此处表示“不完整的”，complete的否定形式是incomplete，意为“不完整的”，符合语境，故填incomplete。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：“这需要持久的耐心，”塔德说。形容词enduring后需接名词作requires的宾语，patient的名词形式是patience，意为“耐心”，为不可数名词，故填patience。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：《道德经》的思想体系植根于中国，但它的解读和影响现在已真正具有全球性。形容词global需用副词修饰，true的副词形式是truly，意为“真正地”，故填truly。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 46. 假定你是李华，近期，你观察到教室内课桌污损严重，整洁的桌面布满了乱涂乱画的痕迹。为此，你将在英语课上以“爱护公物”为主题，做一分钟左右的演讲。请写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 描述具体现象； 2. 呼吁爱护公物。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear teacher and classmates, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Dear teacher and classmates, Good morning. Today, I want to talk about protecting public property, especially our desks in the classroom. Recently, I was saddened to find our classroom desks in a terrible state. The once clean and tidy surfaces are now covered with random drawings, messy scribbles and even deep scratches. These marks not only ruin the beauty of our classroom but also affect our learning mood, showing a lack of respect for school property. Our desks are our silent partners in learning, and it is our responsibility to protect them. I sincerely hope we can stop hurting them and treat every piece of furniture with care. Let’s act now to bring back a tidy and comfortable study environment! Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇演讲稿，描述教室内课桌污损严重，整洁的桌面布满了乱涂乱画的痕迹的现象，呼吁爱护公物。 【详解】1.词汇积累 保护：protect→defend 难过的：saddened→grieved 破坏：ruin→devastate 影响：affect→impact 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Recently, I was saddened to find our classroom desks in a terrible state. 拓展句：Recently, I was saddened to find that our classroom desks were in a terrible state. 【点睛】[高分句型1] These marks not only ruin the beauty of our classroom but also affect our learning mood, showing a lack of respect for school property. (运用了现在分词showing作状语) [高分句型2] I sincerely hope we can stop hurting them and treat every piece of furniture with care. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 In 2005, my husband Meherwan and I took a leap of faith. We moved with our 3-year-old daughter, Aria, from the bustling streets of San Francisco to Asheville, a small Appalachian town. To me, relocating from a major international city to the mountains seemed like a “wild experiment”, filled with the unknown. However, Asheville quickly got its hooks into us. We opened a restaurant, and soon discovered that life here felt “real”. During a local festival, I watched Aria run to embrace a stranger of her age, while around them, punk-rock cooks and elderly people from all walks of life held hands in a community dance. I realized then that people moved here to rediscover community and look out for each other. We had found our “forever roots” in this unique haven of openness and tolerance. But our bond was tested on September 27, 2024, when Hurricane Helene struck with record-breaking quantities of rain. We awoke to a world of utter devastation. Ankle-deep streams had turned into wild rivers, smashing homes and businesses. The ruin was complete: roads were washed out, power lines were down, and we were cut off from the rest of the world. No cell service, no Internet, no running water — only the frightening silence of isolation. Refusing to sit still and grieve, Meherwan and I gathered a small crew at our restaurant. We had thrived here for nineteen years, and now it was time to give back. By the second day, we began cooking for our neighbors, despite the lack of resources. We weren’t just serving food; we were trying to sustain the spirit of our town. While we were busy in the kitchen, I looked up to see a group of kids wandering in on their bikes. They weren’t looking for a handout but rather to give a hand. With their boots covered in mud, they stood ready. “We want to help,” one of them said firmly. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 I nodded and assigned the young volunteers to the sandwich station. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Soon, similar scenes of support were playing out all over the city. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: I nodded and assigned the young volunteers to the sandwich station. The kitchen, once a place for business, was now a hub of hope. The kids dove into action, their small hands moving quickly as they wrapped sandwiches. I watched them scribble hearts and “Stay Strong” on each package — a simple gesture that deeply moved me. Despite the heat and lack of power, the kitchen was filled with hope. Together, we distributed warm meals to elderly neighbors and workers clearing fallen trees. Seeing their weary faces light up when the children handed them food, I felt a warmth that no storm could ever wash away. Soon, similar scenes of support were playing out all over the city. From the local bookstore turned into a relief center to neighbors, Asheville was breathing as one. I heard stories of strangers with chainsaws clearing paths for those trapped, and families opening their doors to anyone in need. It was exactly like that community dance years ago — people from all walks of life holding hands to pull each other through the mud. While the storm had washed away our roads and cell signals, it had failed to break the invisible bond between us. We weren’t just a town; we were a family that no storm could ever shake. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物和飓风为线索展开，讲述了作者和丈夫带着女儿从旧金山搬到阿什维尔小镇，在这里扎根并经营餐厅，感受到小镇的包容与温暖；2024年飓风海伦袭击小镇，造成巨大破坏，作者和丈夫主动在餐厅为邻居们做饭回馈社区，期间一群孩子主动前来帮忙，随后小镇上涌现出各种互助场景，大家携手共渡难关，彰显了小镇邻里间深厚的联结与团结的故事梗概。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我点了点头，把这些年轻的志愿者分配到三明治制作区”可知，第一段可描写孩子们积极投入帮忙的场景，他们的举动带来的温暖，以及大家一起为邻居和救援人员分发食物，传递希望的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“很快，类似的互助场景在全城各处上演”可知，第二段可描写小镇上其他地方的互助行为，呼应前文小镇的社区精神，体现飓风虽摧毁家园，却无法打破邻里间的联结，升华团结与温暖的主题。 2.续写线索：分配孩子帮忙——孩子们积极行动——制作并分发食物——温暖邻里——全城涌现互助场景——各界人士携手——感悟邻里联结与团结 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.分发：distribute/give out ②. 清除：clear/remove ③. 打开：open/unfold 情绪类 ①. 温暖的：warm/heartwarming ②.疲惫的：weary/tired 【点睛】[高分句型1]. I watched them scribble hearts and “Stay Strong” on each package — a simple gesture that deeply moved me.（由that引导定语从句，修饰先行词gesture） [高分句型2]. While the storm had washed away our roads and cell signals, it had failed to break the invisible bond between us.（由while引导让步状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 菁华校区第一次学情检测 英语试题 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音读两遍。 1. What can we know about Mike? A. He works hard. B. He gets a house. C. He has a low pay. 2. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a booking office. 3. Why does the woman come to the man? A. To stop in Singapore. B. To check her luggage. C. To exchange her ticket. 4. What should the man do according to the woman? A. Do more sports. B. Stay in hospital. C. Get enough rest 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Course selection. B. Class registration. C. Textbook purchase. 第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音读两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What does Jim value most about the apartment? A. The size. B. The surroundings. C. The location. 7. How much rent will the woman pay per month? A. $300. B. $320. C. $350. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Parent and child. 9. What does Howard think is a disadvantage of being a teacher? A. Keeping a growth mindset. B. Dealing with tricky students. C. Possessing a wide knowledge. 10. How does Howard feel about his future career choice? A. Confused. B. Anxious. C. Confident. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. Why does Anna come to Shanghai? A. To study Chinese. B. To go sightseeing. C. To travel for work. 12. What makes Anna a bit regretful in Shanghai? A. The weather. B. The food. C. The language barrier. 13. Where does the conversation take place? A. At the man’s house. B. At the airport. C. In an office. 听第9段录音，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the hardest part for Martin to play a superhero? A. Managing his facial expression. B. Performing in action scenes. C. Getting his body in shape. 15. What does Martin like best about growing up in Canada? A. Having access to nature. B. Receiving international education. C. Establishing a strong family connection. 16. How did Martin get into acting? A. By working as a producer. B. By studying acting at university. C. By participating in a musical drama. 17. What is the last question about? A. Martin’s views on education. B. Martin’s potential career choice. C. Martin’s collaboration with companies. 听第10段录音，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the aim of World Sleep Day? A. To tell people how to get enough sleep. B. To illustrate the harm of sleep problems. C. To spread the importance of high-quality sleep. 19. What does the study from the University of South Australia show? A. Adults lack adequate sleep on workdays. B. Sleep quality plays a decisive role in people’s health. C. Daytime physical activities have a positive effect on sleep. 20. What do most people know little about? A. The risks of sleep disorders. B. The benefits of regular sleep. C. The necessity of work-life balance. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Artificial intelligence (AI) has been making our lives easier in many areas, from automating tasks to extracting information from big data files. However, not everything AI does is in our best interest. AI password cracking has also increased because AI can hack (破解) passwords in seconds. A recent report led by Rahul Mahna’s team from the University of East London found that an AI password cracker called PassGAN could crack any seven- digit password in less than six minutes — even if the passwords contained symbols, numbers, and capital and lowercase letters. Additionally, the AI cracked 51% of these usual types of passwords within a minute, 65% within an hour, 71% within a day and 81% within a month. After seeing these worrying results, you’ll undoubtedly take online security more seriously. How can you protect your passwords from these hackers? Mahna suggests the following methods to help you protect yourself against hackers. Unique passwords everywhere Mahna emphasizes having different passwords for each website, device or service. Don’t worry about remembering all these passwords, since password managers can not only store your passwords but can also generate unique combinations for you. Long passwords Using long passwords that include numbers, capital and lowercase letters and symbols — and are not easily understood or inferred — will enhance the protection element. Personal privacy Posting too much information online — like on Facebook or Instagram — about your life is not a good idea if you’re concerned about security. It can provide information about your location, valuables and family. If you assume you’ve been hacked, don’t scan for viruses or change passwords until you have disconnected from the Internet. The best way to handle an attack is to prepare in advance, like changing your passwords frequently. 1. What do we know about the AI password cracker PassGAN? A. It secures large data files. B. It attacks passwords quickly. C. It protects online accounts. D. It generates unique passwords. 2. How can we protect our passwords from being attacked? A. Remember all of our passwords. B. Limit personal information online. C. Create passwords related to family. D. Use a password for most websites. 3. What should you do first if you are attacked by a hacker? A. Scan the device for viruses. B. Change the passwords rapidly. C. Reset the password manager. D. Cut off the Internet connection. B Back in 2003, Erica Hernandez was just a kid helping 20 adults take care of the beach. They overheard a plan to build a processing station for natural gas 14 miles off the coast of Oxnard. The plant would send over 200 tons of air pollution per year to Erica’s community. Not only that, the station would take in millions of gallons of seawater per day to cool its generators, and discharge the water more than 15 degrees centigrade hotter than the surrounding ocean. This hot wastewater would cause serious harm to the surrounding ecosystem, killing tiny creatures and small fish critical to the survival of marine mammals and fisheries. Erica cared too much to stay silent. She joined her friends in weekly protests at the office of the natural gas company. Prospects of stopping the project did not look good. The governor was in favor of it, and so were the powerful state commissions that would have to approve it. “The word on the street was that there was nothing we could do.” Behind the scenes, however, opposition was growing, so Erica became the spokesperson for the youth of the town. She regularly walked her neighborhood along the route of the proposed pipeline, using a hula hoop to show people the size of the pipe that would pass by their houses. She talked to the media, and stories about the dangers of the proposed facility began appearing in the press. “We made thousands of phone calls and sent thousands of postcards telling the governor why this facility was a bad idea.” In July 2007, the governor made an unexpected move: He turned down the project. Erica and her friends won! As only the second person in her family to go to college, Erica wants to become an environmental lawyer so she can fight for the environment and for the rights of communities. She wants other young people to speak out when they see something wrong, even if they feel shy about it at first. She likes to quote the words of her role model, César Chávez: “We are the future. The future is ours.” 4. What can be learned about the to-be-built processing station? A. It is climate-damaging. B. It is ecologically-unfriendly. C. It provides energy to the locals. D. It uses seawater-driven generators. 5. Why does the author mention the governor? A. To express Erica’s desperate mood. B. To show the great barriers Erica faced. C. To stress the support from the government. D. To blame the protest on the official’s inaction. 6. Which of the following can best describe Erica? A. Creative and industrious. B. Pioneering and curious. C. Determined and responsible. D. Adventurous and talkative. 7. What message is mainly conveyed through Erica’s story? A. Courage is always rewarded in the end. B. Success depends on teamwork and cooperation. C. Young people can bring about change by speaking up. D. Environmental protection should come before economic development. C Swindale Beck meanders (蜿蜒) through fields, farmland and valleys. However, not long ago, the river took a far more straight course. A healthy river should be winding, free flowing and filled with wildlife. The ideal river is “very dynamic, messy and chaotic”, says Glen Swainson, a manager of RSPB. In Britain, however, 97% of rivers are broken up by artificial barriers. And for centuries rivers have been slowly artificially straightened to stop water from flooding and spilling onto farmland and houses. But removing a river’s natural meanders has, in fact, achieved the opposite effect. Instead, it has disrupted the flow of rivers and destroyed water habitats, water quality and heightened flood risk. As the poor health of Europe’s rivers and streams continues to make news, communities are turning towards natural solutions to restore their rivers. According to Tom Hayek, a natural flood management specialist, adding meanders into rivers has two benefits — it changes both the volume and the speed of water. Firstly, it decreases what’s known as flow conveyance. “When the length of the river is increased, you spread water over a wider area. This allows more water to sit up in the headwaters.” The second impact is on speed. Put simply, the more structure you add to the shape of a river, the slower the water will move down it. If it’s straight, water will “fly” through, says Hayek. When the flow of water is slowed, it creates deeper pools for fish to gather and rest. With meanders added to Swindale Beck, the results were astonishing, says Annabel Rushton, a visitor experience manager. “Within three months of that river being re-wiggled, the salmon (鲑鱼) were spawning (产卵) in that one kilometre area for the first time in over150 years,” she says. Scientists have also noted an increase in fish gathering. Then, there were the knock-on effects. Water-loving plants returned, providing cover for young fish to feed and hide. 8. Why were many rivers in Britain artificially straightened in the past? A. To increase the natural flow of rivers. B. To improve water habitats for wildlife. C. To create barriers for flood management. D. To protect people and land from floods. 9. What problem may be caused by removing a river’s meanders? A. Lower water levels. B. Poorer farming land. C. Worse water quality. D. Drier wildlife habitats. 10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The benefits of adding meanders. B. The impacts of straightening rivers. C. The examples of controlling floods. D. The needs of increasing water speed. 11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Nature conservation is often a long game. B. Species co-exist and function as a whole. C. Eco-recovery can happen at a high speed. D. Bio-diversity relies on human intervention. D Being an information technology, or IT, worker is not a job I envy. They are the ones expected to instantly fix a projector that stops working, even right in the middle of a critical meeting. They have to tolerate the bad mood of colleagues who are upset after calling the help desk repeatedly for the same issue. They also know there are better, more reliable and faster systems available, but their employer simply will not provide the funds to buy them. According to a recent survey, employees reliant on IT support often consider it a major source of job dissatisfaction. Through no fault of their own, they can suddenly find their productivity deteriorating (退化) or quality control non-existent. And there’s little they can do about it. The experience of using IT affects almost every aspect of the workplace. It has become a crucial part of employees’ overall work experience. When IT is operating as it should employee self-confidence increases. Their job satisfaction, too, can surge when well-functioning machines relieve them of dull tasks or repetitive processes. But if there’s one thing that triggers widespread frustration, it’s a failed IT transformation project. In such cases, high expectations are dashed, and a long list of promised efficiencies fails to materialize. This occurs when business leaders implement IT initiatives with little consideration of how those changes will impact the end user. This is why managers should appreciate how influential the IT user experience is, and make a substantial effort to ensure their IT team fixes programming errors and application crashes. Adequate and timely IT support should also be available to help users resolve technological issues at work. More importantly, IT practitioners need to understand how employees feel when they use IT. Therefore, businesses need to design their IT infrastructure (基础设施) to fit their employees’ work, rather than force employees to work around the company’s IT limitations. 12. What makes the author say IT work is not a job he envies? A. Fixing unexpected project problems. B. Upgrading the present systems repeatedly. C. Resolving tensions among unhappy colleagues. D. Handling high-pressure tasks with poor support. 13. What is said about Information Technology’s influence on employees? A. It mainly helps the tech-skilled. B. Its negatives may outweigh positives. C. It can hurt or improve work and well-being. D It often lowers productivity and satisfaction. 14. What should managers and businesses do to improve the IT experience? A. Make IT training available to staff. B. Tailor technology to fit human work patterns. C. Upgrade systems regardless of cost for efficiency. D. Focus first on solving urgent technical breakdowns. 15. Which would be the best title for the text? A. Employee Training in the Digital Age B. The Rising Cost of Business Technology C. Why IT Departments Need More Funding D. Human-Centered IT: A Key to Productivity 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Learning a language is full of fulfilling steps, from the excitement of your first conversation with a fluent speaker to the intellectual challenge of mastering grammar rules. But at some point, you need to handle an unavoidable task. ____16____ Here are our top tips for absorbing new English words efficiently! Flashcards are a great tool, especially for beginners. However, make sure to practice the words you learn in different contexts. For example, if you learn food-related words, try reading an English recipe to see how they're used. ____17____ This way, you can focus on words you've encountered in your studies, making them easier to remember. The saying "use it or lose it" applies perfectly to vocabulary. If you don't use new words, you'll forget them. ____18____ Ideally, practice it in conversation with an English speaker. For instance. after learning haircut-related vocabulary, visit an English-speaking barber to test your new words. ____19____ Studies show that handwriting helps you remember information better than typing. The reason isn't entirely clear, but it could be because writing requires more time and intentional movement. This simple trick can make a big difference in remembering vocabulary. Another trick is to note down the new words whenever you encounter them. Each word you record comes with its own context, making it easier to remember. ____20____ Over time, your notebook will become a valuable resource for expanding your vocabulary. Over time, these small intentional efforts will build a strong foundation for fluency. With patience and persistence, you'll find yourself confidently using new words in conversations, reading, and writing, bringing you closer to your language goals. A. You have to memorize a bunch of words. B. Will typing replace handwriting one day? C. There is no need to worry about your language learning. D. When you learn a word, try to use it in real-life situations. E. Start small by writing down five new words per study time. F. You can also create your own flashcards instead of using pre-made ones. G. Writing new words by hand may seem old-fashioned, but it's surprisingly effective. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I had many adventures as a child, but one stands out on the local football pitch at Pacaembu, Brazil, the legendary cradle of football geniuses. I was ____21____ my team when our goalkeeper got injured. No one else volunteered, so I ____22____ reluctantly, never having tried the position before. I felt ____23____ in the unfamiliar spot. Soon, a striker broke through and I dived to ____24____ his shot. His boot caught me right in the face in the ____25____. The cut was deep and blood was everywhere. I had no money for a taxi and was too embarrassed to get on a bus with a ____26____ face. I asked a friend for a ____27____ on his bicycle, but the bridge on our way was too steep for him to pedal with my ____28____. I had to walk the rest of the way, ____29____ my heavy kitbag. People gaped at my face in shock, but I kept moving. The long walk home felt like a lonely march of _____30_____. When I finally arrived, my grandmother treated the wound with warm turmeric. Seeing my downcast eyes, she whispered, “The mark on your face isn’t a sign of failure, but a proof of your _____31_____. You stood where others wouldn’t.” Her words _____32_____ me faster than the medicine. That wasn’t the only time I got hurt on those overused pitches. Injuries were frequent, but they _____33_____ me for the struggles ahead. Over time, I realized the scar became a medal of _____34_____, a symbol of pride and courage. It taught me being a sportsman meant _____35_____ every ball life throws without fear. 21. A. following B. captaining C. inviting D. observing 22. A. cheered up B. called out C. stepped up D. dropped out 23. A. uneasy B. impatient C. ashamed D. distracted 24. A. record B. watch C. stop D. avoid 25. A. distance B. fight C. team D. crash 26. A. muddy B. sweaty C. sunburnt D. bloodied 27. A. favor B. lift C. seat D. chance 28. A. weight B. quality C. height D. strength 29. A. packing B. displaying C. dragging D. raising 30. A. defeat B. silence C. pressure D. regret 31. A. honesty B. cooperation C. responsibility D. discipline 32. A. changed B. moved C. inspired D. healed 33 A. reminded B. forced C. protected D. hardened 34. A. honor B. hope C. peace D. trust 35. A. attacking B. braving C. gathering D. predicting 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Latin translation of The Tao Te Ching, ___36___ (forget) in the British Library for more than 300 years, has recently been rediscovered and published through the efforts of Misha Tadd, a scholar at Nankai University. Tadd says, “Compared with The Analects of Confucius, which ___37___ (root) in the traditions and rules of the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC), The Tao Te Ching does not involve specific names, places, ___38___ social systems.” This quality allows it to go beyond cultural boundaries and speak directly to universal human concerns. Tadd’s connection with The Tao Te Ching began at the age of 14, when he came ___39___ an English edition in a small-town library in the United States. That chance encounter sparked ___40___ one-of-a-kind interest in Chinese culture. Years later, while ___41___ (study) a Latin translation of The Republic by Plato, Tadd wondered if The Tao Te Ching could also be translated into Latin. His search eventually led him to the British Library, ___42___ he discovered a Latin manuscript of the text, translated by early missionaries. He discovered parts of the manuscript were faded and ___43___ (complete), and it was not until 2022 that he obtained a full digital scan of the work. He spent a long time transcribing, comparing, and annotating the text word by word. “It requires enduring ___44___ (patient),” Tadd says. The thought system of The Tao Te Ching is grounded in China, but its interpretation and influence are now ____45____ (true) global. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 46. 假定你是李华，近期，你观察到教室内课桌污损严重，整洁的桌面布满了乱涂乱画的痕迹。为此，你将在英语课上以“爱护公物”为主题，做一分钟左右的演讲。请写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 描述具体现象； 2. 呼吁爱护公物。 注意： 1. 写作词数应80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear teacher and classmates, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 In 2005, my husband Meherwan and I took a leap of faith. We moved with our 3-year-old daughter, Aria, from the bustling streets of San Francisco to Asheville, a small Appalachian town. To me, relocating from a major international city to the mountains seemed like a “wild experiment”, filled with the unknown. However, Asheville quickly got its hooks into us. We opened a restaurant, and soon discovered that life here felt “real”. During a local festival, I watched Aria run to embrace a stranger of her age, while around them, punk-rock cooks and elderly people from all walks of life held hands in a community dance. I realized then that people moved here to rediscover community and look out for each other. We had found our “forever roots” in this unique haven of openness and tolerance. But our bond was tested on September 27, 2024, when Hurricane Helene struck with record-breaking quantities of rain. We awoke to a world of utter devastation. Ankle-deep streams had turned into wild rivers, smashing homes and businesses. The ruin was complete: roads were washed out, power lines were down, and we were cut off from the rest of the world. No cell service, no Internet, no running water — only the frightening silence of isolation. Refusing to sit still and grieve, Meherwan and I gathered a small crew at our restaurant. We had thrived here for nineteen years, and now it was time to give back. By the second day, we began cooking for our neighbors, despite the lack of resources. We weren’t just serving food; we were trying to sustain the spirit of our town. While we were busy in the kitchen, I looked up to see a group of kids wandering in on their bikes. They weren’t looking for a handout but rather to give a hand. With their boots covered in mud, they stood ready. “We want to help,” one of them said firmly. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 I nodded and assigned the young volunteers to the sandwich station ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Soon, similar scenes of support were playing out all over the city. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $