Unit 4 Arts and heritage 重点语法：一般过去时、一般将来时的被动语态精讲精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教版）

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 4 Arts and heritage 重点语法：一般过去时、一般将来时的被动语态精讲精练 语法知识精讲 一、核心结构总表 时态 被动语态基本结构 助动词 否定式 一般疑问式 一般过去时 was/were+过去分词 (done) was (单数)/were (复数) was/were not+done Was/Were+主语+done 一般将来时 will be+过去分词 (done) will will not (won’t) be done Will+主语+be done am/is/are going to be+done am/is/are am/is/are not going to be done Am/Is/Are+主语+going to be done 二、一般过去时被动语态 1. 用法 •表示过去某时发生的被动动作 •强调动作承受者，不强调执行者 •执行者可用by+执行者引出 2. 句式变化 句式 例句（clean—cleaned） 肯定句 The room was cleaned yesterday. 否定句 The room was not cleaned yesterday. 一般疑问句 Was the room cleaned yesterday? 特殊疑问句 When was the room cleaned? 3. 主语与be动词搭配 •单数主语 / I /he/she /it → was •复数主语 /you/we /they → were 三、一般将来时被动语态 1. 用法 •表示将来将要发生的被动动作 •计划、安排、预测的被动事件 2. 两种结构对比 结构 肯定句 否定句 疑问句 will be done A letter will be sent soon. A letter won’t be sent soon. Will a letter be sent soon? be going to be done A letter is going to be sent soon. A letter isn’t going to be sent soon. Is a letter going to be sent soon? 3. be 动词搭配（going to结构） •I → am going to be done •he /she/it / 单数 → is going to be done •we /you/they / 复数 → are going to be done 四、关键规则速记表 项目 一般过去时被动 一般将来时被动 时间标志 yesterday, just now, last week, in 2020, then tomorrow, next week, in the future, soon, in+将来时间 动词形式 was/were+done will be done / be going to be done 被动标志 一定有 done 一定有 be done 注意点 be 动词必须用过去式 will 后永远跟 be 原形 语法知识精练 1．The car ________ by my father yesterday evening. A．washes B．is washed C．was washed D．washing 2．New soccer textbooks ________ to China primary and middle schools at the beginning of the autumn semester this year. A．are introduced B．was introduced C．will be introduced D．must be introduced 3．—My old mobile phone ________ last week because I have had it for many years. —Oh, I notice it looks new and bright again. A．is repaired B．was repaired C．will be repaired D．is repairing 4．If you ________ the law in San Francisco, you ________ with a fine. A．break; will punish B．break; will be punished C．will break; punish D．will break; are punished 5．He was seen ________ basketball on the playground just now. A．play B．to play C．played D．playing 6．—Why ________ you ________ to the class meeting yesterday? —Because I was ill and had to rest at home. A．didn’t; invite B．weren’t; invited C．didn’t; invited D．wasn’t; invited 7．These old photos ________ carefully in a box for over 30 years before they ________ to the museum last month. A．kept; were sent B．were kept; sent C．had been kept; were sent D．kept; sent 8．A Chinese painting show ________ in the school art room next Friday afternoon. A．holds B．is held C．held D．will be held 9．The sports meeting ________ because of the heavy rain, but the students ________ a wonderful indoor activity instead. A．was not held; were given B．didn’t hold; gave C．was not held; gave D．didn’t hold; was given 10．It is reported that a new park ________ to the public next year. A．will open B．will be opened C．is opened D．opens 11．Good news! Another three bridges ________ over the Hanjiang River in the following years. A．will be built B．are built C．have built D．build 12．A health talk ________ in our school next Monday afternoon. Let’s go and listen. A．gives B．is given C．will give D．will be given 13．According to the new rule in Nanjing, people ________ if they drop litter in public places. A．fine B．will fine C．are fined D．will be fined 14．—________ the novel ________ by the young writer before she went abroad? —Yes, and it was very successful. A．Did; write B．Was; written C．Has; been written D．Is; written 15．—Chongqing has developed a lot in the last few years. —Yes. And a new amusement park ________ here soon. A．is built B．builds C．will build D．will be built 16．—________ the film ________ by the famous director? —Yes, it was. A．Did; direct B．Is; directed C．Is; direct D．Was; directed 17．—When ________ the book ________? —In 2020. A．was; written B．is; written C．did; write D．does; write 18．A new bridge ________ in our town last year. A．built B．was built C．is built D．will be built 19．The guide told us that the Terracotta Army ________ around 2,200 years ago and ________ one of the world’s greatest wonders. A．was built; is B．built; was C．has built; is D．was built; was 20．Many eco-friendly activities ________ in our city next month to celebrate World Environment Day. A．will organize B．are organized C．will be organized D．organize 21．The International Olympic Committee (IOC) ________ in Paris in 1894. A．founded B．was founded C．has founded D．is founded 22．At last, the poor woman ________ that the company couldn’t afford ________ for her work. A．was told; to pay B．was told; paying C．told; to pay D．told; paying 23．A new community park ________ by the government last summer. A．builds B．built C．was built D．is built 24．In April, some planarians (涡虫) ________ into China’s space station for scientific research. A．were taken B．took C．were taking D．will take 25．Unluckily, Notre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院) ________ in 2019. We felt so sad about that. A．was burnt B．is burnt C．has been burnt D．burnt 26．It is believed that tea ________ to Korea and Japan from China during the 6th and 7th centuries. A．brought B．was brought C．is brought D．were brought 27．— Nobody answered my phone this morning. Where were you? — Well, I________ to take part in the volunteer work. A．ask B．asked C．am asked D．was asked 28．—Why didn’t you finish your job? —Sorry! I ________ to take part in the volunteer work. A．was asked B．asked C．ask D．am asked 29．Many traditional crafts ________ at the art festival last month, and they ________ by lots of visitors. A．showed; were liked B．were shown; liked C．were shown; were liked D．showed; liked 30．Beijing Subway Line 22 ________ in 2027. A．completed B．was completed C．will complete D．will be completed 31．It is said that the famous singer ________ to our city next week. A．will invite B．will be invited C．invited D．was invited 32．A new hospital ________ in our hometown next year. A．builds B．is built C．will be built D．will build 33．Will cashiers ________ by machines in supermarkets? A．replace B．replaced C．be replaced D．replaces 34．—Sir, you can’t park on either side of Zhongshan Road. Otherwise (否则), you ________. —Sorry, I’m leaving. Thanks for telling me that. A．was fined B．are fining C．will be fine D．will be fined 35．—Will the plastic waste ________ in the ocean forever? —No. Scientists are developing new ways to break it down. A．keep B．be kept C．have kept D．kept 36．In the future, more trees ________ near here. The village will become more and more beautiful. A．plant B．are planted C．will plant D．will be planted 37．—Can I move into the new room? —No, you can’t. It ________ soon. A．is painted B．will painted C．will be painted D．was painted 38．—Have you finished your work ________? —Not yet. My work ________ if I ________ ten more minutes. A．already; will be finished; give B．already; will finish; give C．yet; will finish; am given D．yet; will be finished; am given 39．—I don’t know if I ________ some advice on how to study if I ask Jack for help. —I’m sure he will. He is always helpful. A．offer B．am offered C．will offer D．will be offered 40．The food and medicine ________ to the flood area by volunteers next week. A．will send B．will be sent C．send D．sent 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 4 Arts and heritage 重点语法：一般过去时、一般将来时的被动语态精讲精练 语法知识精讲 一、核心结构总表 时态 被动语态基本结构 助动词 否定式 一般疑问式 一般过去时 was/were+过去分词 (done) was (单数)/were (复数) was/were not+done Was/Were+主语+done 一般将来时 will be+过去分词 (done) will will not (won’t) be done Will+主语+be done am/is/are going to be+done am/is/are am/is/are not going to be done Am/Is/Are+主语+going to be done 二、一般过去时被动语态 1. 用法 •表示过去某时发生的被动动作 •强调动作承受者，不强调执行者 •执行者可用by+执行者引出 2. 句式变化 句式 例句（clean—cleaned） 肯定句 The room was cleaned yesterday. 否定句 The room was not cleaned yesterday. 一般疑问句 Was the room cleaned yesterday? 特殊疑问句 When was the room cleaned? 3. 主语与be动词搭配 •单数主语 / I /he/she /it → was •复数主语 /you/we /they → were 三、一般将来时被动语态 1. 用法 •表示将来将要发生的被动动作 •计划、安排、预测的被动事件 2. 两种结构对比 结构 肯定句 否定句 疑问句 will be done A letter will be sent soon. A letter won’t be sent soon. Will a letter be sent soon? be going to be done A letter is going to be sent soon. A letter isn’t going to be sent soon. Is a letter going to be sent soon? 3. be 动词搭配（going to结构） •I → am going to be done •he /she/it / 单数 → is going to be done •we /you/they / 复数 → are going to be done 四、关键规则速记表 项目 一般过去时被动 一般将来时被动 时间标志 yesterday, just now, last week, in 2020, then tomorrow, next week, in the future, soon, in+将来时间 动词形式 was/were+done will be done / be going to be done 被动标志 一定有 done 一定有 be done 注意点 be 动词必须用过去式 will 后永远跟 be 原形 语法知识精练 1．The car ________ by my father yesterday evening. A．washes B．is washed C．was washed D．washing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这辆车是我父亲昨天晚上洗的。 主语The car与wash是被动关系，用被动语态“be+动词的过去分词”；根据时间状语“yesterday evening”可知，动词发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态was washed。 2．New soccer textbooks ________ to China primary and middle schools at the beginning of the autumn semester this year. A．are introduced B．was introduced C．will be introduced D．must be introduced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：新的足球课本将在今年秋季学期初被引入中国的中小学。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。are introduced一般现在时的被动语态；was introduced一般过去时的被动语态；will be introduced一般将来时的被动语态；must be introduced含有情态动词must的被动语态。根据句中时间状语“at the beginning of the autumn semester this year（今年秋季学期初）”可知，表示将来的时间，需要使用一般将来时的被动语态，应填will be introduced。故选C。 3．—My old mobile phone ________ last week because I have had it for many years. —Oh, I notice it looks new and bright again. A．is repaired B．was repaired C．will be repaired D．is repairing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我的旧手机上周被修好了，因为我用了很多年。——哦，我注意到它现在看起来又新又亮了。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“My old mobile phone”和“repair”可知，主语“我的旧手机”与“修理”之间是被动关系，且时间状语“last week”表明动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 4．If you ________ the law in San Francisco, you ________ with a fine. A．break; will punish B．break; will be punished C．will break; punish D．will break; are punished 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你在旧金山违法，你将被罚款处罚。 考查条件状语从句及被动语态。主语“you”是动作“punish”的承受者，主句应用被动语态。If引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句应用一般将来时的被动语态，即谓语为will be punished，从句采用一般现在时。故选B。 5．He was seen ________ basketball on the playground just now. A．play B．to play C．played D．playing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：刚才有人看见他在操场上打篮球。 在主动语态中，感官动词see后接不带to的不定式see sb. do sth.（看见某人做某事，强调动作全过程）或see sb. doing sth.（看见某人正在做某事，强调动作正在进行）；变为被动语态时，不定式结构需还原to，即be seen to do sth.，同时也存在be seen doing sth.结构（强调动作正在进行）。本题中just now侧重描述被看见做某事的完整事件，符合be seen to do的用法，应填to play。 6．—Why ________ you ________ to the class meeting yesterday? —Because I was ill and had to rest at home. A．didn’t; invite B．weren’t; invited C．didn’t; invited D．wasn’t; invited 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——昨天的班会为什么没有邀请你参加呢？  ——因为我生病了，所以不得不待在家里休息。 didn’t invite没邀请，主动；weren’t invited没被邀请，一般过去时的被动；didn’t invited没邀请，表达错误，did后跟动词原形；wasn’t invited没被邀请，一般过去时的被动。根据“yesterday”可知，使用一般过去时；再根据答语“因为我生病了，所以不得不待在家里休息”可知，问句询问的是为什么“没被邀请”，所以使用被动语态，主语you为非三单形式，所以使用复数were；二者结合，应填weren’t; invited。 7．These old photos ________ carefully in a box for over 30 years before they ________ to the museum last month. A．kept; were sent B．were kept; sent C．had been kept; were sent D．kept; sent 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这些旧照片在被小心地保存在一个盒子里长达30多年之后，上个月才被送到了博物馆。 第一个空，主语“These old photos”是动作“keep”的承受者，表示“被保存”，用被动语态，其结构是“be + 过去分词”，因为before引导的时间状语从句表明该动作发生在另一过去动作之前，且持续了30余年，故应用过去完成时被动语态had been kept；第二个空，主语“they”指代“These old photos”，是动作“send”的承受者，表示“被送”，用被动语态，根据“last month”可知句子时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态“were sent”。 8．A Chinese painting show ________ in the school art room next Friday afternoon. A．holds B．is held C．held D．will be held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：一场中国画展将于下周五下午在学校美术室举行。 考查动词时态和语态。holds主动语态的一般现在时；is held一般现在时的被动语态；held一般过去时；will be held一般将来时的被动语态。主语“A Chinese painting show”与谓语动词“hold”之间是被动关系，且时间状语“next Friday afternoon”表示将来，需用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。 9．The sports meeting ________ because of the heavy rain, but the students ________ a wonderful indoor activity instead. A．was not held; were given B．didn’t hold; gave C．was not held; gave D．didn’t hold; was given 【答案】A 【详解】句意：因为大雨，运动会没有举行，不过学生们反而被提供了一次精彩的室内活动。 was not held没有被举行，被动；didn’t hold没有举行，主动；was/were given被给，被动；gave给，主动。主语“The sports meeting”和“hold”之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态；第二个空所在的句子中，学生们是活动的接收者，而不是“给予”这个动作的发出者，使用被动语态，主语the students是复数，所以使用were。应填was not held; were given。 10．It is reported that a new park ________ to the public next year. A．will open B．will be opened C．is opened D．opens 【答案】B 【详解】句意：据报道，一座新公园将于明年向公众开放。 next year，明确动作发生在将来，需用一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形。主语a new park是动作open的承受者，公园是“被开放”的，故必须用被动语态，结构为be+过去分词。一般将来时的被动语态结构为will be+过去分词。 11．Good news! Another three bridges ________ over the Hanjiang River in the following years. A．will be built B．are built C．have built D．build 【答案】A 【详解】句意：好消息！未来几年汉江上将会再建三座桥。 will be built将被建造，一般将来时被动语态；are built被建造，一般现在时被动语态；have built已经建造，现在完成时主动语态；build建造，动词原形。根据时间状语“in the following years”（在接下来的几年里）可知，动作发生在将来，且主语“Another three bridges”与动词“build”之间为被动关系（桥被建造），因此需用一般将来时的被动语态。 12．A health talk ________ in our school next Monday afternoon. Let’s go and listen. A．gives B．is given C．will give D．will be given 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下周一在我们学校将举行一场健康讲座。我们去听吧。 考查动词的时态和语态。gives给，单三形式，一般现在时的主动语态；is given被给，一般现在时的被动语态；will give将给，一般将来时的主动语态；will be given将会被给，一般将来时的被动语态。根据时间状语next Monday afternoon可知，动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时，主语A health talk与动词give之间是被动关系“讲座被举行”，因此需用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be + 过去分词。故选D。 13．According to the new rule in Nanjing, people ________ if they drop litter in public places. A．fine B．will fine C．are fined D．will be fined 【答案】D 【详解】句意：根据南京的新规定，人们在公共场所乱扔垃圾将被罚款。 考查被动语态和时态。根据句意，主语“people”与动词“fine”之间是被动关系（人被罚款），且新规定是将来生效或将来违反规定时才会被罚款，需用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。 14．—________ the novel ________ by the young writer before she went abroad? —Yes, and it was very successful. A．Did; write B．Was; written C．Has; been written D．Is; written 【答案】B 【详解】——这本小说是那位年轻作家在出国前写的吗？——是的，而且它非常成功。 句中before she went abroad是过去时间，且小说是“被写”，结构为was/were+过去分词，应填Was; written。 15．—Chongqing has developed a lot in the last few years. —Yes. And a new amusement park ________ here soon. A．is built B．builds C．will build D．will be built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——重庆在过去几年发展了很多。——是的。而且一个新的游乐园很快将在这里被建造。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据答句中“soon”可知，动作发生在将来；主语“a new amusement park”与动词“build”之间是被动关系，表示游乐园被建造，应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be done。故选D。 16．—________ the film ________ by the famous director? —Yes, it was. A．Did; direct B．Is; directed C．Is; direct D．Was; directed 【答案】D 【详解】——这部电影是由这位著名导演执导的吗？——是的，它是。 Did助动词，过去时；direct执导，动词原形；Is是，现在时；directed执导，动词过去式/过去分词；Was是，过去时。答句“Yes, it was.”明确使用了一般过去时，问句时态也应为一般过去时，根据“the film”以及被动语态标志“by the famous director”可知，此处指电影被执导，需用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，the film为单数，be动词用was，一般疑问句中，be动词was提前，置于句首，首字母大写。因此应填Was；directed。 17．—When ________ the book ________? —In 2020. A．was; written B．is; written C．did; write D．does; write 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这本书何时被写？——在2020年。 was written被写，一般过去时的被动；is written被写，一般现在时的被动；did write写，一般过去时，主动；does write写，一般现在时，主动。根据答语“In 2020.”可知，使用一般过去时；主语“the book”和“write”之间是被动关系，所以使用被动语态；二者结合，应填was; written。 18．A new bridge ________ in our town last year. A．built B．was built C．is built D．will be built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：去年，我们镇里建造了一座新桥。 built建造/被建造，过去式/过去分词；was built被建造，一般过去时的被动；is built被建造，一般现在时的被动；will be built将要被建造，一般将来时的被动。根据“last year”可知，使用一般过去时；主语“一座新桥”和“建造”之间是被动关系，所以使用被动语态；二者结合，应填was built。 19．The guide told us that the Terracotta Army ________ around 2,200 years ago and ________ one of the world’s greatest wonders. A．was built; is B．built; was C．has built; is D．was built; was 【答案】A 【详解】句意：导游告诉我们，兵马俑建于大约2200年前，并且是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一。 考查时态和语态。第一空主语“兵马俑”与“建造”之间是被动关系，且时间状语“around 2,200 years ago”表示过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态，用“was built”；第二个空，描述的是兵马俑现在的地位，即它是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一，这是一个客观事实，所以应该用一般现在时“is”。故选A。 20．Many eco-friendly activities ________ in our city next month to celebrate World Environment Day. A．will organize B．are organized C．will be organized D．organize 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下个月我们城市将组织许多环保活动来庆祝世界环境日。 考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语“next month”可知，动作发生在将来；主语Many eco-friendly activities是动作的承受者，需用被动语态。因此，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态“will be organized”。故选C。 21．The International Olympic Committee (IOC) ________ in Paris in 1894. A．founded B．was founded C．has founded D．is founded 【答案】B 【详解】句意：国际奥委会于1894年在巴黎成立。 考查时态及语态。主语The International Olympic Committee与谓语found之间是被动关系，即“被成立”，且根据“in 1894”可知，时态是一般过去时，因此空处用一般过去时的被动语态was founded。故选B。 22．At last, the poor woman ________ that the company couldn’t afford ________ for her work. A．was told; to pay B．was told; paying C．told; to pay D．told; paying 【答案】A 【详解】句意：最后，这个可怜的女人被告知公司付不起她的工作报酬。 was told被告诉；told告诉；to pay付钱，动词不定式；paying付钱，现在分词。根据语境可知，主语“the poor woman”与动词“tell”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除C、D选项；afford to do sth“负担得起做某事”，固定搭配，故第二空应用动词不定式，排除B选项。 23．A new community park ________ by the government last summer. A．builds B．built C．was built D．is built 【答案】C 【详解】句意：去年夏天，一个新的社区公园由政府建成了。 根据“last summer”可知，时态为一般过去时，且park是“被建造”，需用被动语态，应填was built。 24．In April, some planarians (涡虫) ________ into China’s space station for scientific research. A．were taken B．took C．were taking D．will take 【答案】A 【详解】句意：四月，一些涡虫被带入中国空间站进行科学研究。 were taken被带走（一般过去时的被动语态）；took带走（一般过去时的主动语态）；were taking正在带走（过去进行时的主动语态）；will take将带走（一般将来时的主动语态）。根据主语some planarians和动词take之间的关系可知，涡虫是“被带入”空间站的，应用被动语态，且根据“In April”可知事情发生在过去，应填一般过去时的被动语态were taken。 25．Unluckily, Notre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院) ________ in 2019. We felt so sad about that. A．was burnt B．is burnt C．has been burnt D．burnt 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不幸的是，巴黎圣母院在2019年被烧毁了。我们为此感到非常难过。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语“in 2019”可知，动作发生在过去，且主语“Notre Dame de Paris”与动词“烧毁”之间为被动关系，指巴黎圣母院被烧毁，需用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were done。故选A。 26．It is believed that tea ________ to Korea and Japan from China during the 6th and 7th centuries. A．brought B．was brought C．is brought D．were brought 【答案】B 【详解】句意：人们认为，在6世纪和7世纪期间，茶从中国被带到朝鲜和日本。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。“tea”与动词“带到”是被动关系，指茶被带到朝鲜和日本，应用被动语态；时间状语“during the 6th and 7th centuries”表明动作发生在过去，且主语“tea”为不可数名词，谓语需用单数，一般过去时的被动语态结构为was done。故选B。 27．— Nobody answered my phone this morning. Where were you? — Well, I________ to take part in the volunteer work. A．ask B．asked C．am asked D．was asked 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——今天早上没人接我电话。你在哪儿？——哦，我被要求去参加志愿者工作了。 考查动词时态和语态。ask请求，原形；asked请求，过去式；am asked被请求，一般现在时被动语态；was asked被请求，一般过去时被动语态。根据问句“Where were you?”可知，对话谈论的是过去的情况，且答语中主语“I”与动词ask之间是被动关系，因此需用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词。故选D。 28．—Why didn’t you finish your job? —Sorry! I ________ to take part in the volunteer work. A．was asked B．asked C．ask D．am asked 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你为什么没有完成你的工作？——抱歉！我被要求去参加志愿者工作了。 考查动词语态。主语“I”是动作“ask”的承受者，应用被动语态。根据问句时态“didn’t”可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态was asked。故选A。 29．Many traditional crafts ________ at the art festival last month, and they ________ by lots of visitors. A．showed; were liked B．were shown; liked C．were shown; were liked D．showed; liked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上个月的艺术节上展示了许多传统手工艺品，它们受到了许多游客的喜爱。 考查被动语态。第一个空，根据时间状语“last month”可知，句子应用一般过去时，且主语“Many traditional crafts”与动词“show”之间是被动关系，表示“被展示”，因此用一般过去时的被动语态“were shown”；第二个空，主语“they”指代“Many traditional crafts”，与动词“like”之间也是被动关系，表示“被喜爱”，同样用一般过去时的被动语态“were liked”。故选C。 30．Beijing Subway Line 22 ________ in 2027. A．completed B．was completed C．will complete D．will be completed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：北京地铁22号线将在2027年完工。 考查动词时态和语态。completed完成，一般过去时的主动语态；was completed被完成，一般过去时的被动语态；will complete将会完成，一般将来时的主动语态；will be completed将会被完成，一般将来时的被动语态。根据时间状语“in 2027”可知，句子应用一般将来时；主语“Beijing Subway Line 22”与动词“complete”之间是被动关系(地铁被建成)，因此需用一般将来时的被动语态，即will be+过去分词。故选D。 31．It is said that the famous singer ________ to our city next week. A．will invite B．will be invited C．invited D．was invited 【答案】B 【详解】句意：据说下周这位著名歌手将被邀请到我们城市。 根据“next week（下周）”表示将来，因此句子应使用一般将来时（will + 动词原形）；根据主语 “the famous singer（这位著名歌手）”是“被邀请”的对象，即动作的承受者，因此需要使用被动语态（be + 过去分词），应填will be invited。 32．A new hospital ________ in our hometown next year. A．builds B．is built C．will be built D．will build 【答案】C 【详解】句意：明年我们家乡将建一所新医院。 builds一般现在时主动语态；is built一般现在时被动语态；will be built一般将来时被动语态；will build一般将来时主动语态。根据句末的时间状语“next year”可知，动作发生在将来，需用一般将来时；且主语“A new hospital”与动词“build”之间是逻辑上的被动关系，表示“新医院被建造”，需用一般将来时的被动语态结构，应填will be built。 33．Will cashiers ________ by machines in supermarkets? A．replace B．replaced C．be replaced D．replaces 【答案】C 【详解】句意：超市里的收银员会被机器取代吗？ 句子主语“cashiers”与动词“replace”之间是被动关系，表示“被取代”，所以要用被动语态，will后接动词原形，应填be replaced。 34．—Sir, you can’t park on either side of Zhongshan Road. Otherwise (否则), you ________. —Sorry, I’m leaving. Thanks for telling me that. A．was fined B．are fining C．will be fine D．will be fined 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——先生，您不能在中山路两侧停车，否则您会被罚款。——抱歉，我马上开走，谢谢你告诉我。 根据“otherwise”可知，此处是对将来可能发生的结果进行预测，且“you”和“fine（罚款）”之间是被动关系，此处需用一般将来时被动语态，其结构为“will be + 过去分词”，fine的过去分词是在词尾加d，应填will be fined。 35．—Will the plastic waste ________ in the ocean forever? —No. Scientists are developing new ways to break it down. A．keep B．be kept C．have kept D．kept 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——塑料垃圾会在海洋中永远被保留吗？——不会。科学家正在开发分解它的新方法。 考查被动语态。主语“plastic waste”与动词“keep”之间是被动关系（垃圾被保留在海洋中），且句子为一般将来时，需用“will+be+过去分词”构成将来时的被动语态。故选B。 36．In the future, more trees ________ near here. The village will become more and more beautiful. A．plant B．are planted C．will plant D．will be planted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：将来，附近会种更多的树。村庄将变得越来越美丽。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。plant种植，原形；are planted被种植，一般现在时被动语态；will plant将种植，一般将来时主动语态；will be planted将被种植，一般将来时被动语态。根据“In the future”可知句子时态为一般将来时，且主语“more trees”与动词“plant”之间为被动关系，故应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。 37．—Can I move into the new room? —No, you can’t. It ________ soon. A．is painted B．will painted C．will be painted D．was painted 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我能搬进新房间吗？——不，你不能。它很快就要被粉刷了。 is painted一般现在时的被动语态；will painted语法错误；will be painted一般将来时的被动语态；was painted一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语“soon”可知，此处表示在将来某个时间要发生的动作，应使用一般将来时。主语“It”指代前文中的“the new room”，房间与动词paint“粉刷”之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构为“will be+过去分词”。故选C。 38．—Have you finished your work ________? —Not yet. My work ________ if I ________ ten more minutes. A．already; will be finished; give B．already; will finish; give C．yet; will finish; am given D．yet; will be finished; am given 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你已经完成你的工作了吗？——还没有。如果再给我十分钟，我的工作就能完成。 考查时态与语态。第一空：already已经，常用于肯定句；yet已经，常用于疑问句或否定句。问句为现在完成时的疑问句，应用yet。第二空：will be finished将被完成，一般将来时的被动语态；will finish将完成，主动语态。主语“My work”是动作“finish”的承受者，应用被动语态。第三空：give给，动词原形；am given被给，一般现在时的被动语态。if从句主语“I”是动作“give”的承受者，应用被动语态am given。故选D。 39．—I don’t know if I ________ some advice on how to study if I ask Jack for help. —I’m sure he will. He is always helpful. A．offer B．am offered C．will offer D．will be offered 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我不知道如果我向杰克求助，我是否会被提供一些关于如何学习的建议。 ——我确定他会的。他总是乐于助人。 考查if条件状语从句的时态。offer提供，一般现在时的主动语态；am offered被提供，一般现在时的被动语态；will offer将会提供，一般将来时的主动语态；will be offered将会被提供，一般将来时的被动语态。主句“I don’t know”后接if引导的宾语从句，该宾语从句中又包含if引导的条件状语从句。根据“if I ask Jack for help”(条件状语从句) 用一般现在时表示将来，主句“I…some advice”需用一般将来时；且“我”与“提供建议”之间是被动关系“我被提供建议”，故用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。 40．The food and medicine ________ to the flood area by volunteers next week. A．will send B．will be sent C．send D．sent 【答案】B 【详解】句意：食物和药品下周将被志愿者们送到洪水灾区。 考查被动语态。主语“food and medicine”是动作“send”的承受者，且时间状语“next week”表示将来，需用一般将来时的被动语态，结构是“will be+过去分词”。故选B。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $