Unit 4【刷基础】（词法句法过关练）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材人教版）

2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材人教版） Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature【刷基础】(词法句法过关练) 重点短语 1 on earth在地球上 2 square kilometre 平方千米 3 below/above sea level低于/高于海平面 4 dive into the deep sea 潜人深海 5 the bottom of......的底部 6 by the way顺便提一下;附带问一句 7 learn about 丁解 8 ancient civilizations 古代文明 9. mother river母亲河 10. by all means尽一切办法;务必 11 the development of ......的 12 cubic metre 立方米 13 have a total area of ,总面积为...... 14 as far as the eye can/could see 极目所尽 15. at the top of 在......的顶部 16 only if只有 17 changeable weather 变幻]莫测的天气 18 reach the top successfully 成功登顶 19 so...that...如此......以至于...... 20 bit by bit/little by little一点一点地;逐渐地21 do research做研究 22 be located in 位于...... 23 different types of 不同种类的 24 after all 毕竟 25 natural wonder 自然景观 26 take up占据(空间);占用(时间) 重点句型 1基数词+单位词+long/wide/high/deep ......长/宽/高/深 2 the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数 第几......的...... 3 one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最......的......之一 4 be determined to do sth.决心做某事 5 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 6 risk one's life to do sth.冒生命危险做某事 过关小测满分：80分；时间：60分钟 一、单项选择（每小题1分，共20分） 1．You can find the important notes ________ the map, not on the top of it. A．above B．below C．beside D．behind 2．The child’s ________ about how birds fly made her read many books on science. A．curiosity B．hobby C．habit D．interest 3．The beautiful music from the room ________ many people to stop and listen. A．orders B．invites C．asks D．attracts 4．Something ________ happened last night—all the lights in our building went out suddenly. A．simple B．common C．unusual D．normal 5．My little sister dropped her toy car into the river, and it soon sank to the ________. A．top B．middle C．bottom D．side 6．I don’t need an expensive gift. I ________ want a handwritten card from you. A．simply B．really C．especially D．mostly 7．The birthday party will ________ cake, fruit and some interesting games. A．hold B．include C．get D．take 8．The team of ________ spent three months exploring the unknown forest to study rare plants. A．drivers B．researchers C．farmers D．workers 9．We need to ________ immediate action to protect the coral reefs from pollution. A．take B．make C．do D．get 10．The weather in the mountain area is highly ________—clear in the morning but rainy in the afternoon. A．comfortable B．changeable C．pleasant D．stable 11．—________ I borrow your guidebook about natural wonders? —Sure, but please return it next week. A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need 12．The Great Barrier Reef is one of the most amazing ________ of nature in the world. A．signs B．rules C．wonders D．plans 13．Learning about natural science ________ patience and careful observation. A．includes B．requires C．marks D．causes 14．You won’t ________ in the Dead Sea because of its high salt content. A．sink B．swim C．float D．walk 15．The old tree has ________ for over 500 years and become a local natural treasure. A．existed B．appeared C．grown D．survived 16．We can see many beautiful ________ under the water. A．ships B．corals C．planes D．buildings 17．Australia is in the ________ part of the earth. A．northern B．southern C．western D．eastern 18．They ________ to reach the top of the mountain at last. A．failed B．stopped C．succeeded D．allowed 19．The Great Barrier ________ is very famous in the world. A．Lake B．River C．Reef D．Forest 20．We should take a deep ________ when we feel nervous. A．rest B．sleep C．breath D．walk 二、单词拼写（每小题1分，共20分） 21．Many c________ try to climb Qomolangma every year. 22．He is a s________ singer and has many fans. 23．Beijing is in the n________ part of China. 24．The Sahara is the largest d________ in the world, covering a vast area of over 9 million square kilometers. 25．We measured the d________ of the river and found it was about 15 meters deep in the center. 26．Many rare animals can only s________ in the protected natural reserves. 27．The local government has taken effective m________ to prevent deforestation. 28．The Amazon Rainforest shows the power of natural ________ (发展) over millions of years. 29．The Amazon Rainforest is home to ________ (million) of plants and animals. 30．I think the Great Barrier Reef is one of the ________ (beautiful) natural wonders in the world. 31．She was ________ (amaze) when she saw the huge waterfall. 32．Let’s ________ (talk) about our favorite natural wonders. 33．This river is much ________ (wide) than that one. 34．Climate change has a negative impact on all of ________ (we) around the world. 35．From the result, we can learn that texting is the ________ (two) most popular way to communicate. 36．I think music is ________ (interesting) of all the subjects. 37．Tu Youyou tried many times and finally discovered a new kind of medicine ________ (call) qinghaosu. 38．Victoria Falls is ________ (wide) than any other fall in Africa. 39．The river ________ (run) through the deep canyon and flows into the sea every year. 40．The bright sun ________ (shine) over the quiet mountain village yesterday morning. 三、选词填空（每小题1分，共20分） traveller, risk, type, include, coast, nature, explorer, alive, sand, attract 41．As an , his dream is to explore the unknown land. 42．The new science museum in our city lots of students who are interested in science every weekend. 43．Many went to enjoy the scenery of the ancient town during the holiday. 44．It’s to swim in this river because there are hidden rocks under the water. 45．The art museum has a large collection of artworks, some famous paintings from the 19th century. 46．The small town on the has beautiful beaches that attract lots of visitors. 47．We should protect the environment so that wild animals can live in peace with humans. 48．We walked along the beach, feeling the soft under our feet. 49．After the rain, the flowers in the garden look and colourful. 50．There are three of books in the reading corner: storybooks, science books and history books. take up, by the way, pour down, the bottom of, bit by bit, be determined to, pull…up, measure its height, in size, only if 51．The boy didn’t know how high the tree was, so he by using a ruler. 52．The young man wasn’t hurt seriously, so he himself from the ground. 53．You will truly understand the difficulty of the task you try it yourself. 54．I finished reading the book you lent me. , the ending was quite surprising! 55．My grandfather gardening after he retired, and now he grows many vegetables. 56．People need to dive over 1,600 metres in order to reach the sea. 57．Although we had umbrellas, the rain so heavily that we still got wet. 58．My uncle climb Mount Huashan this summer, but a leg injury made him change his plan. 59．Learning a language is a slow process, and you improve every day. 60．Although the two animals are similar , one is much stronger than the other. 四、完成句子（每小题2分，共20分） 61．位于俄罗斯西伯利亚的贝加尔湖是世界上最著名的湖泊之一。 ________ ________ Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is one of the world’s most famous lakes. 62．对于热爱海洋的人来说，参观大堡礁就是一生的梦想！ For people who love the ocean, visiting the Great Barrier Reef is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________! 63．攀登珠穆朗玛峰很危险，但是人们仍冒生命危险尝试，这是因为人类的好奇心与雄心永不停止。 Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous, but people still ________ ________ ________ to climb it because human ________ and ambition cannot be stopped. 64．死海的水面低于海平面416米。 The ________ ________ the Dead Sea is 416 metres ________ ________ ________. 65．当我们往山上爬得更高时，风势渐渐变得越来越强。 As we climbed higher up the mountain, the wind gradually grew ________ ________ ________. 66．她的父母不允许她晚上单独出去。 Her parents ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ out alone at night. 67．云南的哈尼梯田被称为“大地雕刻”，我们务必保护它们。 Yunnan’s Hani Terraces ________ ________ “Earth Carvings”, and we must ________ ________ ________ protect them. 68．别对他太苛刻了。毕竟，他只是个孩子。 Don’t be too hard on him. ________ ________, he is just a child. 69．在1975年，又有一个中国队登上珠穆朗玛峰顶部去做研究。 In 1975, ________ Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to ________ ________. 70．在2020年，中国的一支科研队伍到珠穆朗玛峰去测量它的高度——8848.86米。 In 2020, ________ ________ research team went to Qomolangma ________ ________ its height—8,848.86 metres. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材人教版） Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature【刷基础】(词法句法过关练) 重点短语 1 on earth在地球上 2 square kilometre 平方千米 3 below/above sea level低于/高于海平面 4 dive into the deep sea 潜人深海 5 the bottom of......的底部 6 by the way顺便提一下;附带问一句 7 learn about 丁解 8 ancient civilizations 古代文明 9. mother river母亲河 10. by all means尽一切办法;务必 11 the development of ......的 12 cubic metre 立方米 13 have a total area of ,总面积为...... 14 as far as the eye can/could see 极目所尽 15. at the top of 在......的顶部 16 only if只有 17 changeable weather 变幻]莫测的天气 18 reach the top successfully 成功登顶 19 so...that...如此......以至于...... 20 bit by bit/little by little一点一点地;逐渐地21 do research做研究 22 be located in 位于...... 23 different types of 不同种类的 24 after all 毕竟 25 natural wonder 自然景观 26 take up占据(空间);占用(时间) 重点句型 1基数词+单位词+long/wide/high/deep ......长/宽/高/深 2 the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数 第几......的...... 3 one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最......的......之一 4 be determined to do sth.决心做某事 5 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 6 risk one's life to do sth.冒生命危险做某事 过关小测满分：80分；时间：60分钟 一、单项选择（每小题1分，共20分） 1．You can find the important notes ________ the map, not on the top of it. A．above B．below C．beside D．behind 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你可以在地图下方找到重要注释，而不是在地图顶部。 above在……上方；below在……下方；beside在……旁边；behind在……后面。根据“not on the top of it”可知此处与顶部相对，应填below。 2．The child’s ________ about how birds fly made her read many books on science. A．curiosity B．hobby C．habit D．interest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个孩子关于鸟如何飞翔的好奇心使她读了很多科学书籍。 curiosity好奇心；hobby爱好；habit习惯；interest兴趣。孩子想要探究未知原理，体现的是好奇心，且curiosity常与介词about 搭配。 3．The beautiful music from the room ________ many people to stop and listen. A．orders B．invites C．asks D．attracts 【答案】D 【详解】句意：房间里传来的美妙音乐吸引了许多人停下来聆听。 orders命令；invites邀请；asks询问；attracts吸引。根据“The beautiful music”和“to stop and listen”可知，美妙的音乐使人驻足是因为其具有吸引力，attracts符合语境。 4．Something ________ happened last night—all the lights in our building went out suddenly. A．simple B．common C．unusual D．normal 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨晚发生了一些不寻常的事——我们大楼里所有的灯突然都灭了。 simple简单的；common常见的；unusual不寻常的；normal正常的。根据“all the lights in our building went out suddenly”可知，“所有灯突然都灭了”属于不寻常的事情。 5．My little sister dropped her toy car into the river, and it soon sank to the ________. A．top B．middle C．bottom D．side 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的小妹妹把她的玩具车掉进了河里，它很快沉到了底部。 top顶部；middle中间；bottom底部；side侧面。根据“it soon sank”可知玩具车沉下去了，推测出是沉到了河底。 6．I don’t need an expensive gift. I ________ want a handwritten card from you. A．simply B．really C．especially D．mostly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我不需要昂贵的礼物。我仅仅想要你的一张手写卡片。 simply简单地，仅仅；really真正地；especially特别；mostly主要地。根据前句“I don’t need an expensive gift”可知，说话者不追求贵重，只是想要一张卡片，表示“仅仅”，应填simply。 7．The birthday party will ________ cake, fruit and some interesting games. A．hold B．include C．get D．take 【答案】B 【详解】句意：生日派对将包括蛋糕、水果和一些有趣的游戏。 hold举办；include包括；get得到；take拿。根据“cake, fruit and some interesting games”可知，这些是派对包含的具体内容，应填include。 8．The team of ________ spent three months exploring the unknown forest to study rare plants. A．drivers B．researchers C．farmers D．workers 【答案】B 【详解】句意：一群研究人员花了三个月时间探索未知的森林以研究稀有植物。 drivers司机；researchers研究人员；farmers农民；workers工人。根据“to study rare plants”可知，目的是研究稀有植物，推测出这是一群研究人员，应填researchers。 9．We need to ________ immediate action to protect the coral reefs from pollution. A．take B．make C．do D．get 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们需要立即采取行动保护珊瑚礁免受污染。 take采取；make制作；do做；get得到。固定短语take action 意为“采取行动”，符合语境。 10．The weather in the mountain area is highly ________—clear in the morning but rainy in the afternoon. A．comfortable B．changeable C．pleasant D．stable 【答案】B 【详解】句意：山区的天气非常多变——早上晴朗但下午下雨。 comfortable舒适的；changeable易变的；pleasant令人愉快的；stable稳定的。根据“clear in the morning but rainy in the afternoon”可知，天气变化无常，符合changeable的含义。 11．—________ I borrow your guidebook about natural wonders? —Sure, but please return it next week. A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我可以借一下你那本关于自然奇观的指南书吗？——当然可以，但请下周归还。 Must必须；Should应该；Could可以；Need需要。根据答语“Sure”可知，此处是委婉地向对方请求许可，需用Could。 12．The Great Barrier Reef is one of the most amazing ________ of nature in the world. A．signs B．rules C．wonders D．plans 【答案】C 【详解】句意：大堡礁是世界上最惊人的大自然奇观之一。 signs迹象；rules规则；wonders奇观；plans计划。根据“The Great Barrier Reef”及“of nature”可知，大堡礁是举世闻名的自然景观。形容宏伟壮丽的自然景观常使用固定表达wonders of nature“大自然奇观”，符合语境逻辑。应填wonders。 13．Learning about natural science ________ patience and careful observation. A．includes B．requires C．marks D．causes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学习自然科学需要耐心和仔细的观察。 includes包括；requires需要；marks标记；causes导致。根据“Learning about natural science…patience and careful observation.”可知，学习自然科学这一过程“需要”具备耐心和仔细观察的品质作为条件。应填requires。 14．You won’t ________ in the Dead Sea because of its high salt content. A．sink B．swim C．float D．walk 【答案】A 【详解】句意：由于死海的高盐分含量，你在里面不会下沉。 sink下沉；swim游泳；float漂浮；walk走路。根据“because of its high salt content”可知，死海盐度高，浮力大，人不会下沉。应填sink。 15．The old tree has ________ for over 500 years and become a local natural treasure. A．existed B．appeared C．grown D．survived 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这棵古树已经存在了500多年，成为了当地的自然宝藏。 existed存在；appeared出现；grown生长；survived幸存。根据时间状语“for over 500 years”可知，此处需用延续性动词，appear是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用；结合语境强调古树历经多年依然“存在”，exist最符合题意。 16．We can see many beautiful ________ under the water. A．ships B．corals C．planes D．buildings 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们能在水下看到许多美丽的珊瑚 ships轮船；corals珊瑚；planes飞机；buildings建筑物。根据“under the water”可知，只有“珊瑚”是生长在水下的自然物体，能在水下看到，应填corals。 17．Australia is in the ________ part of the earth. A．northern B．southern C．western D．eastern 【答案】B 【详解】句意：澳大利亚在地球的南部。 northern北部的；southern南部的；western西部的；eastern东部的。根据常识可知，澳大利亚在南半球，即在地球的南部，应填southern。 18．They ________ to reach the top of the mountain at last. A．failed B．stopped C．succeeded D．allowed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们最终成功到达了山顶。 failed失败；stopped停止；succeeded成功；allowed允许。根据“to reach the top of the mountain at last”可知，此处指成功到达山顶，应填succeeded。 19．The Great Barrier ________ is very famous in the world. A．Lake B．River C．Reef D．Forest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：大堡礁在世界上非常有名。 Lake湖；River河；Reef礁；Forest森林。根据常识可知，大堡礁在世界上非常有名，应填Reef。 20．We should take a deep ________ when we feel nervous. A．rest B．sleep C．breath D．walk 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我们感到紧张时，我们应该深呼吸。 rest休息；sleep睡觉；breath呼吸；walk走路。根据“when we feel nervous.”可知，紧张时应该深呼吸，take a deep breath“深呼吸”，固定搭配，应填breath。 二、单词拼写（每小题1分，共20分） 21．Many c________ try to climb Qomolangma every year. 【答案】climbers/limbers 【详解】句意：许多登山者每年都试图攀登珠穆朗玛峰。句子描述“试图攀登珠穆朗玛峰的人”，首字母c提示该词以c开头，climber“登山者”符合题意，Many修饰可数名词复数，因此 climber 需加-s变为复数形式。故填climbers。 22．He is a s________ singer and has many fans. 【答案】successful/uccessful 【详解】句意：他是一位成功的歌手，并且有很多粉丝。“has many fans”表示有很多粉丝，可推测他是“成功的”歌手，successful“成功的”。故填successful。 23．Beijing is in the n________ part of China. 【答案】northern 【详解】句意：北京在中国的北部。根据“Beijing”和“China”的位置关系，及首字母提示可知，北京在中国的北部。根据空后的名词“part”，可知应用形容词northern“北部的”作定语；故填northern。 24．The Sahara is the largest d________ in the world, covering a vast area of over 9 million square kilometers. 【答案】desert/esert 【详解】句意：撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠，覆盖面积超过900万平方公里。结合首字母d和常识，撒哈拉是沙漠，desert意为“沙漠”，前面有the largest修饰，用单数形式，符合句子表意和语法要求。 25．We measured the d________ of the river and found it was about 15 meters deep in the center. 【答案】depth/epth 【详解】句意：我们测量了这条河的深度，发现它的中心大约有15米深。结合首字母d和语境，此处需要用名词作measured的宾语，depth意为“深度”，符合句子表意和语法要求。 26．Many rare animals can only s________ in the protected natural reserves. 【答案】survive/urvive 【详解】句意：许多珍稀动物只有在受保护的自然保护区才能生存。指出珍稀动物需要在“受保护的自然保护区”才能生存，是动词survive。空格前“can only”是情态动词结构，情态动词后必须接动词原形。 27．The local government has taken effective m________ to prevent deforestation. 【答案】measures/easures 【详解】句意：当地政府已采取有效措施防止森林砍伐。根据首字母和“The local government has taken effective…to prevent deforestation.”可知，take measures to do sth“采取措施做某事”，此处指采取有效的措施，名词measure“措施”，符合语境，此处应用复数measures。 28．The Amazon Rainforest shows the power of natural ________ (发展) over millions of years. 【答案】development 【详解】句意：亚马逊雨林展现了数百万年来自然发展的力量。 此处需要名词作“of”的宾语，“发展”对应的英文名词是“development”，符合“描述自然发展的力量”的语境，故填development。 29．The Amazon Rainforest is home to ________ (million) of plants and animals. 【答案】millions 【详解】句意：亚马逊雨林是数百万种动植物的家园。固定搭配millions of意为“数百万的”，用来表示概数。 30．I think the Great Barrier Reef is one of the ________ (beautiful) natural wonders in the world. 【答案】most beautiful 【详解】句意：我认为大堡礁是世界上最美丽的自然奇观之一。句中含有“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”的结构，表示“最……之一”，beautiful“美丽的”，是多音节形容词，其最高级变化规则为在词前加most，变为most beautiful。 31．She was ________ (amaze) when she saw the huge waterfall. 【答案】amazed 【详解】句意：当她看到巨大的瀑布时，她感到很惊讶。此处作be动词的表语用形容词，此处形容人的感受，用-ed结尾的形容词amazed“惊讶的”。 32．Let’s ________ (talk) about our favorite natural wonders. 【答案】talk 【详解】句意：让我们谈论我们最喜欢的自然奇观吧。句中“Let’s”后接动词原形，这是祈使句的固定结构，talk“谈论”。 33．This river is much ________ (wide) than that one. 【答案】wider 【详解】句意：这条河比那条河宽得多。根据“than”提示，此处应用形容词比较级形式。wide的比较级是wider。 34．Climate change has a negative impact on all of ________ (we) around the world. 【答案】us 【详解】句意：气候变化对世界各地的我们所有人都有负面影响。介词of后面要用人称代词宾格；we的宾格是us。 35．From the result, we can learn that texting is the ________ (two) most popular way to communicate. 【答案】second 【详解】句意：从结果来看，我们可以了解到发短信是第二受欢迎的交流方式。 此处表示“第二”，需要用序数词，“two”对应的序数词是“second”，“the second most popular”表示“第二受欢迎的”，符合语境，故填second。 36．I think music is ________ (interesting) of all the subjects. 【答案】the most interesting 【详解】句意：我认为在所有科目中，音乐是最有趣的。 句中“of all the subjects”（在所有科目中）是最高级的标志，“interesting”的最高级形式是“the most interesting”，符合“三者及以上比较”的语法要求，故填the most interesting。 37．Tu Youyou tried many times and finally discovered a new kind of medicine ________ (call) qinghaosu. 【答案】called 【详解】句意：屠呦呦尝试了很多次，最终发现了一种名为青蒿素的新药。 此处“medicine”和“call”之间是被动关系（药被叫做青蒿素），所以用过去分词“called”作后置定语，修饰“medicine”，符合语法与语境，故填called。 38．Victoria Falls is ________ (wide) than any other fall in Africa. 【答案】wider 【详解】句意：维多利亚瀑布比非洲其他任何瀑布都宽。根据than可知，空处用比较级，wide的比较级为wider“更宽的”。 39．The river ________ (run) through the deep canyon and flows into the sea every year. 【答案】runs 【详解】句意：这条河每年穿过深邃的峡谷，流入大海。句中“every year”表示习惯性、经常性的动作，应用一般现在时；主语“The river”是第三人称单数，谓语动词需使用第三人称单数形式，run的第三人称单数形式为runs。 40．The bright sun ________ (shine) over the quiet mountain village yesterday morning. 【答案】shone 【详解】句意：昨天早晨明媚的阳光照耀着宁静的山村。shine意为“照耀”，是动词。根据时间状语“yesterday morning”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。shine的过去式为shone。 三、选词填空（每小题1分，共20分） traveller, risk, type, include, coast, nature, explorer, alive, sand, attract 41．As an , his dream is to explore the unknown land. 42．The new science museum in our city lots of students who are interested in science every weekend. 43．Many went to enjoy the scenery of the ancient town during the holiday. 44．It’s to swim in this river because there are hidden rocks under the water. 45．The art museum has a large collection of artworks, some famous paintings from the 19th century. 46．The small town on the has beautiful beaches that attract lots of visitors. 47．We should protect the environment so that wild animals can live in peace with humans. 48．We walked along the beach, feeling the soft under our feet. 49．After the rain, the flowers in the garden look and colourful. 50．There are three of books in the reading corner: storybooks, science books and history books. 【答案】 41．explorer 42．attracts 43．travellers 44．risky 45．including 46．coast 47．natural 48．sand 49．alive 50．types 【解析】41．句意：作为一名探险家，他的梦想是探索未知的土地。“As an ___”中，an后接元音音素开头的单数名词；explorer“探险家”，与后句“explore the unknown land”语义呼应，其他名词无法表达此含义。 42．句意：我们城市的新科学博物馆每个周末都会吸引很多对科学感兴趣的学生。attract sb“吸引某人”，主语是单数名词“the new science museum”，every weekend表明用一般现在时，谓语动词需用动词第三人称单数形式attracts。其他动词无法表达此含义。 43．句意：假期里很多旅行者前去欣赏这座古镇的风景。“many”后接可数名词复数；traveller“旅行者”的复数形式travellers，与“enjoy the scenery”语境匹配。其他名词复数无法表达此含义。 44．句意：在这条河里游泳是有风险的，因为水下有暗礁。本句是It’s+形容词+to do sth“做某事是……的”结构；需用risk的形容词形式risky“有风险的”，符合“水下有暗礁，游泳危险”的句意，其他形容词无法表达此含义。 45．句意：这座美术馆收藏了大量艺术品，包括一些19世纪的著名画作。逗号后表“包含/包括”，用介词including(由动词include变形而来)，避免两个谓语动词has/include冲突；including sth“包括某物”，表补充说明。其他单词均非介词，无法使句子成立。 46．句意：这座海岸边的小镇有美丽的海滩，吸引了很多游客。on the coast“在海岸上”，coast与后句“beautiful beaches”语义衔接。其他名词无此搭配。 47．句意：我们应该保护自然环境，让野生动物能与人类和平共处。“the ___ environment”中，名词environment前需用形容词修饰；需用nature的形容词形式natural“自然的”，构成固定搭配natural environment“自然环境”，其他名词无此含义。 48．句意：我们沿着海滩走，感受着脚下柔软的沙子。“feeling the soft ___”中，sand“沙子”，不可数名词；与“walked along the beach”“soft”语境匹配，是描述海滩的常用词。 49．句意：雨后，花园里的花看起来生机勃勃、色彩鲜艳。系动词look后接形容词作表语；alive“生机勃勃的、鲜活的”，与“after the rain”“colourful”呼应，表雨后花朵更有生机。其他形容词无法表达此含义。 50．句意：阅读角有三种类型的书：故事书、科学书和历史书。数词three后接可数名词复数；固定搭配types of“……的种类”，需要type的复数types，与后句的三类书籍对应。其他名词无此含义。 take up, by the way, pour down, the bottom of, bit by bit, be determined to, pull…up, measure its height, in size, only if 51．The boy didn’t know how high the tree was, so he by using a ruler. 52．The young man wasn’t hurt seriously, so he himself from the ground. 53．You will truly understand the difficulty of the task you try it yourself. 54．I finished reading the book you lent me. , the ending was quite surprising! 55．My grandfather gardening after he retired, and now he grows many vegetables. 56．People need to dive over 1,600 metres in order to reach the sea. 57．Although we had umbrellas, the rain so heavily that we still got wet. 58．My uncle climb Mount Huashan this summer, but a leg injury made him change his plan. 59．Learning a language is a slow process, and you improve every day. 60．Although the two animals are similar , one is much stronger than the other. 【答案】 51．measured its height 52． pulled up 53．only if 54．By the way 55．took up 56．the bottom of 57．poured down 58．was determined to 59．bit by bit 60．in size 【解析】51．句意：这个男孩不知道树有多高，所以他用尺子测量了它的高度。前半句说男孩不知道树的高度，后半句说他用了尺子，因此他应该是做了“测量高度”这件事。所给短语measure its height符合这一动作。主语he为第三人称单数，描述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，measure变为measured。 52．句意：这个年轻人伤得不重，所以他自己从地上站了起来。前半句提到他伤得不重，后半句说他从地上站起来，因此他应该是“把自己拉起来”。所给短语pull…up意为“把……拉起来”，符合语境。主语he为第三人称单数，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，pull变为pulled。 53．句意：只有你亲自尝试，你才会真正理解这项任务的难度。前半句“你亲自尝试”是后半句“理解难度”的条件。所给短语only if意为“只有……才”，引导条件状语从句，符合这一逻辑关系。 54．句意：我读完了你借给我的书。顺便说一句，结局相当令人惊讶！前一句提到读完书，后一句补充说明书的结局，中间需要一个引出补充话题的过渡语。所给短语by the way意为“顺便说一句”，用于引出补充话题，位于句首首字母大写。 55．句意：我爷爷退休后开始从事园艺，现在他种了很多蔬菜。前半句说爷爷退休，后半句说现在他种了很多蔬菜，说明他在退休后“开始从事”园艺。所给短语take up意为“开始从事”，符合语境。描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，take变为took。 56．句意：人们需要潜到1600多米才能到达海底。前半句提到潜水深度，后半句说明到达的位置，即“海底”。所给短语the bottom of意为“……的底部”，符合“海底”的语境。 57．句意：尽管我们带了伞，雨还是倾盆而下，我们仍然淋湿了。前半句提到带了伞，后半句说仍然淋湿，说明雨下得很大。所给短语pour down意为“倾盆而下”，符合描述雨势的语境。描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，pour变为poured。 58．句意：我叔叔本来下定决心今年夏天爬华山，但腿伤让他改变了计划。前半句提到爬山计划，后半句说腿伤改变了计划，说明他之前是“下定决心”要去的。所给短语be determined to意为“下定决心做某事”，符合语境。描述过去的状态，主语my uncle为第三人称单数，be动词用was。 59．句意：学习语言是一个缓慢的过程，每天都会一点点进步。前半句说学习语言是缓慢的过程，后半句说每天进步，说明进步是“逐渐地、一点一点地”发生的。所给短语bit by bit意为“逐渐地；一点点地”，作状语修饰动词improve，符合语境。 60．句意：虽然这两种动物体型相似，但其中一只比另一只强壮得多。前半句说两种动物相似，后半句转折说一只更强壮，说明相似的是“体型”。所给短语in size意为“在尺寸方面”，表示比较的方面，符合语境。 四、完成句子（每小题2分，共20分） 61．位于俄罗斯西伯利亚的贝加尔湖是世界上最著名的湖泊之一。 ________ ________ Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is one of the world’s most famous lakes. 【答案】 Located in 【详解】原句中“位于”是关键信息，表示“位于”的英文短语是located in。本句为陈述句，位于句首首字母大写。故填Located；in。 62．对于热爱海洋的人来说，参观大堡礁就是一生的梦想！ For people who love the ocean, visiting the Great Barrier Reef is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________! 【答案】 the dream of a lifetime 【详解】原句中“一生的梦想”是关键词，表示“一生的梦想”的名词短语是the dream of a lifetime，在句中作表语。 63．攀登珠穆朗玛峰很危险，但是人们仍冒生命危险尝试，这是因为人类的好奇心与雄心永不停止。 Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous, but people still ________ ________ ________ to climb it because human ________ and ambition cannot be stopped. 【答案】 risk their lives curiosity 【详解】原句中“冒生命危险、好奇心”是关键词，表示“冒生命危险”的动词短语是risk one’s life to do sth，主语是people，所以one’s用their，life变复数lives，主语为复数，且句子是一般现在时，动词risk用原形；表达“好奇心”的不可数名词是curiosity。 64．死海的水面低于海平面416米。 The ________ ________ the Dead Sea is 416 metres ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 surface of below sea level 【详解】原句中“的水面、低于海平面”是关键词，表达“的水面”的名词短语是the surface of…；表达“低于”的介词是below；表达“海平面”的名词短语是sea level。 65．当我们往山上爬得更高时，风势渐渐变得越来越强。 As we climbed higher up the mountain, the wind gradually grew ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 stronger and stronger 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“越来越强”，stronger and stronger“越来越强”，故填stronger；and；stronger。 66．她的父母不允许她晚上单独出去。 Her parents ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ out alone at night. 【答案】 don’t allow her to go 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“不允许她出去”，“允许某人做某事”allow sb to do sth，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是parents，否定句中在allow前添加助动词don’t，allow用原形；“她”her，宾格作宾语；“出去”go out。故填don’t；allow；her；to；go。 67．云南的哈尼梯田被称为“大地雕刻”，我们务必保护它们。 Yunnan’s Hani Terraces ________ ________ “Earth Carvings”, and we must ________ ________ ________ protect them. 【答案】 are called by all means 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“被称为”和“务必”，“被称为”的英文表达为be called；主语Yunnan’s Hani Terraces是复数，所以be动词用are；“务必”的英文表达为by all means，固定短语。故填are；called；by；all；means。 68．别对他太苛刻了。毕竟，他只是个孩子。 Don’t be too hard on him. ________ ________, he is just a child. 【答案】 After all 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“毕竟”，“after all”是固定短语，表示“毕竟、终究”。句首首字母大写。故填After；all。 69．在1975年，又有一个中国队登上珠穆朗玛峰顶部去做研究。 In 1975, ________ Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to ________ ________. 【答案】 another do research 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“又一个”和“做研究”。“又一个”用代词another，修饰单数名词team；“做研究”用固定搭配do research表达，在不定式符号to后用动词原形do。故填another；do；research。 70．在2020年，中国的一支科研队伍到珠穆朗玛峰去测量它的高度——8848.86米。 In 2020, ________ ________ research team went to Qomolangma ________ ________ its height—8,848.86 metres. 【答案】 a Chinese to measure 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“一支中国的”和“去测量”。Chinese“中国的”，修饰名词短语research team，因research以辅音音素开头，“一支”用不定冠词a表示；measure“测量”，此处用不定式结构to measure作目的状语。故填a；Chinese；to；measure。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $