UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage(课时跟踪检测)(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（译林版）

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage 基础知识自测 维度一 1.you are looking for　2.you met yesterday 3.but I don’t know who　4.Although hard-working 5.than needed　6.doesn’t know which students 维度二 1.had nothing to do but read an old book 2.he talks to his parents 3.but he doesn’t know how to 4.but was told by the coach not to 5.as he used to 维度三 1.I was　2.where one is　3.throw it anywhere I want　4.we 5.they are 素养能力提升 Ⅰ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Cash Daniels从小热爱自然，发起环保行动的故事。 1.D　词义猜测题。根据第二段内容和第三段第一句可知，Cash Daniels被称为“环保小卫士”，了解到80%来自陆地和河流的垃圾最终会流入海洋后，他无法坐视不管，开始清理河边的垃圾。由此推测，sit back意为“坐视不管，袖手旁观”。 2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，Cash Daniels创立Cleanup Kids是为了呼吁保护海洋。 3.D　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，Cash Daniesl热爱大自然，关心环境，所以他是富有同情心的。根据最后一段可知，Cash Daniels想要环游世界，教育别人，帮助他们感受到与海洋的联系，所以他是有奉献精神的。 4.B　推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第二段和最后一段可知，文章主要讲述Cash Daniels对保护海洋的热情和奉献精神，以及他所付出的努力。由此推断，他的故事暗示了热情可以激发梦想。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了怎样才能真正做到减碳、减少碳足迹。 5.B　推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句可知，作者是通过提问题来引入话题的。 6.A　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Andrea Ramirez认为测量产品的碳成本是困难但有意义的。 7.C　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句和最后一句可知，减少产品中的碳足迹可以被定义为减少生产链中的碳使用。 8.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，要减少一些公司的“漂绿”行为还有很长的路要走。 Ⅱ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类城市与野生生物的关系。 9.D　根据空前句和空后的举例可知，城市并不总是为野生生物提供住所。 10.B　设空处为本段主题句。根据本段内容可知，我们人类的行为有时是可以帮助到野生生物的。 11.F　根据空后句的时间标志词可以判断，设空处应与下文内容存在叙述和时间节点的对照关系。 12.E　根据空处位置可知，设空处应与空前句话题一致、存在内容上的承接关系。 13.C　上文谈及人类如果能够与野生生物共享城市空间的好处，空后句与空前句形成比较关系，关键词为too。 Ⅲ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和丈夫一次蜜月旅行的经历，在一个和海豚游泳的活动中，作者更加欣赏海豚，并意识到拯救和保护它们非常重要。 14.D　根据后半句we flew to Mexico for our honeymoon可知，去墨西哥度蜜月应当是婚礼之后的事情。 15.B　根据下句The weather was perfect， locals were friendly可知，作者他们在当地度过了一段美好的时光。 16.A　根据空前的The weather was perfect， locals were friendly， and we had plenty of things to可知，作者他们在当地有很多东西可以欣赏或享受。 17.D　根据空后的was to swim with dolphins可知，和海豚一起游泳是第一项活动。 18.A　根据空前的it was included within our honeymoon可知，“海豚探索”包括在蜜月套餐里。 19.B　根据下句The dolphins looked well kept and happy.可知，作者他们对那个地方很满意。 20.D　根据空后的interacting with us humans as it entertained them and gave them exercise可知，海豚期待和人类互动。 21.C　根据空后的us all about these wonderful animals可知，员工花了30分钟告诉“我们”这些动物的事情。tell sb about sth意为“告诉某人某事”。 22.C　根据下段首句可知，轮到作者他们小组和海豚游泳了。 23.B　根据空后的clothes and got into the pool可知，“我们”换了衣服，进入了泳池。 24.A　结合上文可知，那里的员工详细和作者他们说明了这些动物的情况，即他们得到了明确的说明。 25.C　根据本句中的them closer可知，海豚靠近了他们。 26.C　根据语境并结合空后的them closer可知，此处指近距离观察海豚。 27.D　根据空后的let me appreciate dolphins more可知，这次经历确实让作者更加欣赏海豚了。 28.A　根据空后的it was to save and protect them可知，作者从欣赏海豚的活动中意识到拯救和保护它们很重要。 Ⅳ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物濒危的主要原因，特别是栖息地的丧失对动物生存的影响。 29.reasons　考查名词复数。a number of意为“许多”，空处应用复数。 30.happens　考查时态和主谓一致。由often可知，用一般现在时；主语This是单数，应填happens。 31.that/which　考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词wood是物，因此应用关系代词that或which。 32.are being cut　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。but前后时态应一致，由后面的but not enough are being planted可知，应用现在进行时的被动语态；主语trees是复数，应填are being cut。 33.by　考查介词。句子表示“栖息地的丧失是被森林火灾或土地洪水造成的”，空处应用by表示“被”。 34.frequently　考查副词。空处应用副词修饰动词trying， frequently意为“经常”。 35.dropping　考查非谓语动词。from是介词，空处应用动词-ing形式dropping作宾语。 36.to lose　考查非谓语动词。lead sb to do sth是固定短语，意为“导致某人做某事”，因此空处应用动词不定式to lose。 37.worse　考查形容词比较级。much修饰比较级，bad的比较级是worse，意为“更糟的”。 38.how　考查名词性从句。空处引导宾语从句，此处表示人们会产生多大的影响，应用how much。 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage 维度一：基础题型练 用省略结构改写下列句子。 1.This is the book which you are looking for. →This is the book 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 2.The woman whom you met yesterday is my aunt. →The woman 　　　　　　　　　is my aunt. 3.Somebody has eaten the cake， but I don’t know who has eaten it. →Somebody has eaten the cake， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 4.Although he was hard-working， he couldn’t earn enough to support himself. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， he couldn’t earn enough to support himself. 5.They didn’t buy more food than it was needed. →They didn’t buy more food 　　　　　　　. 6.Some students have finished their homework， but the teacher doesn’t know which students have finished it. →Some students have finished their homework， but the teacher 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 维度二：语法与写作 用省略结构完成下列句子。 1.With no Internet access， he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 由于无法上网，他无事可做，只能读一本旧书。 2.I don’t like the way 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 我不喜欢他跟父母说话的方式。 3.He wants to play the guitar well， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 他想把吉他弹好，但不知道怎么做。 4.The runner wanted to speed up near the finish line 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 赛跑运动员想在终点线附近加速，但教练让他别这么做。 5.He doesn’t get up early 　　　　　　　　　　. 他不像过去那样早早起床了。 维度三：语法与语篇 阅读下面对话，补全对话中被省略的部分。 James：How was your day？ Alex：It was good but busy at the same time.How was yours？ James：Mine was the same.But I felt relaxed when 1.　　　　　　 having an ice cream. Alex： Me， too！ It’s so hot these days.What are you looking for？ James： A dustbin.Do you know where one is？ Alex： No， I don’t know 2.　　　　　　　.Why do you need one？ James： I need to throw the ice cream stick away. Alex： Oh！ It’s just a stick and you can throw it anywhere you want. James： No， I can’t 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.It will cause environmental pollution. Alex： Throwing a small stick away won’t harm the environment. James：You’re wrong.Every piece of garbage can harm the environment.If we care for the environment and 4.　　　　　　 work hard to protect it， changes will come. Alex： Your words make sense.But it is not enough to maintain a clean environment by our actions alone.Many people around us are indifferent to environmental pollution and 5.　　　　　　　　 unwilling to change their lifestyles. James：It’s true.I plan to set up an organization to call for action to be taken. Alex：It sounds great！ Let’s do it together. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·杭州联谊学校月考）When most kids go to the beach， they’re too focused on making sandcastles and splashing around to notice litter， but several years ago， for 7-year-old Cash Daniels， noticing a plastic straw sparked a lifelong passion for saving the planet. 　　Cash Daniels， who is now known as the “conservation kid”， has always loved nature.He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River， after all！ But once he learned that 80 per cent of all trash from land and rivers ends up in the ocean， he couldn’t sit back. 　　He started with cleanups along the river， something that quickly went from a family affair to a community effort with volunteers and neighbors.In 2019， Cash Daniels， together with a Canadian conservationist， Ella Galaski-Rossen， started a nonprofit called the Cleanup Kids.Despite living in different counties， they managed to create educational videos on their YouTube channel.“We hope to be a really big nonprofit that eliminates plastic in the US and Canada，” Cash Daniels said.“We want to inform kids and adults in the landlocked states on how their actions are connected to the water and the ocean.” 　　Cash Daniels was selected as one of America’s top 10 youth volunteers of 2021 by the Prudential Spirit of Community Awards.He also earned the title of National Honoree， where he received a $5，000 grant to go to a nonprofit of his choice， and he became the first person to win the Youth Conservationist Award two years in a row from the Tennessee Wildlife Federation. 　　“I want to travel the world， teach others， and help them feel connected to the ocean.Because if you are connected to the ocean — if you love it and what lives in it — you’ll want to protect it，” he said.“This is my fun， and it becomes more fun with every new discovery.” 1.Which can replace the underlined words “sit back” in paragraph 2？（　　） A.Give up. B.Take part. C.Lend a hand. D.Pay no attention. 2.Why did Cash start the Cleanup Kids？（　　） A.To make instructive videos. B.To build a wider community. C.To appeal for ocean protection. D.To organize volunteers for cleanups. 3.Which of the following best describes Cash Daniels？（　　） A.Brave and talented. B.Generous and modest. C.Creative and humorous. D.Sympathetic and devoted. 4.What does Cash Daniels’ story imply？（　　） A.No pain， no gain. B.Passion fuels dreams. C.Helping others is great fun. D.Many hands make light work. B 　　（2025·河南商丘一中月考）Today， you can buy a pair of sneakers （运动鞋） partially made from carbon dioxide pulled out of the atmosphere.But measuring the carbon-reduction benefits of making that pair of sneakers with carbon dioxide is complex.There’s the carbon dioxide that stayed in the ground， a definite carbon reduction.But what about the energy cost of cooling the carbon dioxide into liquid form and transporting it to a production facility？ And what about when your kid outgrows the shoes in six months and they can’t be recycled into a new product because those systems aren’t in place yet？ 　　Researchers are trying to help companies figure out how to account for each step in a product’s life. 　　As companies try to reduce their carbon footprint， many are doing life cycle assessments to measure the full carbon cost of products， from the obtaining of materials to energy use in manufacturing， from product transport to users’ behavior and end-of-life disposal （处理）.It’s an impressively complex measurement， but such bean-counting is needed to hold the planet to a livable temperature， says low-carbon systems expert Andrea Ramirez of the Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands. 　　Carbon use can be reduced at many points along the production chain — by using renewable energy in the manufacturing process， for instance， or by adding atmospheric carbon dioxide to the product.But if other points along the chain like transporting consume more energy or give off more carbon dioxide， Andrea notes， the final record may show a decrease rather than a reduction.A product is carbon-reduction only when its production actually removes carbon from the environment， temporarily or permanently. 　　In the rush to create products that can fight climate change， however， some companies have been charged with “greenwashing” — making products appear more environmentally friendly than they really are.Examples include labeling （用标签表明） plastic garbage bags as recyclable when their whole purpose is to be thrown away， using labels such as “eco-friendly” or “100% natural” without official certification， and claiming a better carbon footprint without acknowledging the existence of even better choices. 5.How does the author lead in the topic of the text？（　　） A.By listing specific figures. B.By putting up questions. C.By referring to documents. D.By offering some solutions. 6.What does Andrea Ramirez think of measuring the carbon cost of products？（　　） A.Difficult but meaningful. B.Expensive but promising. C.Energy-saving and affordable. D.Time-consuming and valueless. 7.What can be defined as reducing carbon use in the production chain？（　　） A.Using renewable energy in production. B.Changing carbon dioxide into material. C.Reducing carbon footprint in products’ lives. D.Cutting down carbon dioxide in transporting. 8.What can we know from the last paragraph？（　　） A.Companies are sparing no efforts to reduce carbon use. B.Plastic garbage bags must be labeled as “eco-friendly”. C.Most products are less environmentally friendly than before. D.There is a long way to cut some companies’“greenwashing”. Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Urban Wildlife 　　Cities are diverse ecosystems.In addition to visitors from the wild， a large number of species share our urban areas.As our cities spread，we need to think about what it is like for other species to have human neighbors. 　　Cities are built for humans.9.（　　） For example，most city parks are kept neat and tidy so that humans will find them beautiful.But when we cut grass or plant flowers， we destroy natural habitats. 　　10.（　　） When a bridge in Austin， Texas was repaired，engineers added small gaps running along the length of its bottom.This made a good home for bats， and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats.11.（　　） Now， they have come to value their winged neighbors.The bats are a tourist attraction， and they eat lots of bugs every night. 　　There are also structures built with the aim of bringing wildlife into the city.The Beijing Olympic Forest Park is a good example.The park used native plants and created open， natural spaces for wildlife.The result is a zone in Beijing with over 160 species of birds.In many ways， the park is the opposite of a zoo.12.（　　） 　　If we learn to share our space， we can become better neighbors to the wildlife around us.13.（　　） Our own future will be endangered too. A.They are built to protect birds. B.Our actions sometimes help other species. C.If we do not， more species will become extinct. D.They do not always provide suitable habitats for wildlife. E.Instead of being kept in cages， wildlife can move about freely. F.At first， people were afraid of the bats and tried to get rid of them. G.They would sit on it and their droppings would fall into the water. Ⅲ.完形填空 　　（2025·广州黄广中学高一下开学考）It’s hard to believe my husband and I will be celebrating our 11th wedding anniversary this year， but I still remember our honeymoon clearly. 　　After our 　14　， we flew to Mexico for our honeymoon.We stayed at a beautiful hotel on the east coast facing a beautiful sea and we had a（n） 　15　 time！ The weather was perfect， locals were friendly， and we had plenty of things to 　16　 while we were there. 　　At the top of our list of 　17　 was to swim with dolphins.There was a place down there called Dolphin Discovery and it was included within our honeymoon 　18　.We headed over there one afternoon and were 　19　 with the place.The dolphins looked well kept and happy. 　　The employees told us that the dolphins 　20　 interacting with us humans as it entertained them and gave them exercise.They were social animals and loved to play.They spent about 30 minutes 　21　 us all about these wonderful animals.Then it was our group’s 　22　. 　　We 　23　 clothes and got into the pool.We were given clear 　24　 so that we could swim with the dolphins as a couple.Gradually， the dolphins 　25　 us， so it was a great chance for my husband and me to 　26　 them closer， they were so cute and lovely.It 　27　 let me appreciate dolphins more and made me realize how 　28　 it was to save and protect them. 14.（　）A.adventure　B.appointment　 C.graduation D.wedding 15.（　）A.anxious B.good C.strict D.ordinary 16.（　）A.enjoy B.protect C.spread D.avoid 17.（　）A.experiments B.performances C.bargains D.activities 18.（　）A.package B.regret C.prize D.invention 19.（　）A.careful B.pleased C.familiar D.bored 20.（　）A.stayed away from B.broke up with C.put up with D.looked forward to 21.（　）A.selling B.lending C.telling D.posting 22.（　）A.gift B.recipe C.turn D.risk 23.（　）A.made B.changed C.donated D.designed 24.（　）A.instructions B.destinations C.connections D.combinations 25.（　）A.challenged B.attacked C.approached D.controlled 26.（　）A.feed B.train C.observe D.catch 27.（　）A.merely B.casually C.barely D.really 28.（　）A.significant B.complex C.hopeful D.confusing Ⅳ.语法填空 　　（2025·湖南岳阳平江颐华月考）Animals can become endangered for a number of 29.　　　　　　 （reason）， but many experts believe that loss of habitat is the main cause.Some animals are put in danger when people take over their habitats.This often 30.　　　　　　 （happen） because people want one or more of the resources in those areas.Some forests， for example， provide wood 31.　　　　　　 is used for things like paper and furniture， etc.Many trees 32.　　　　　　 （cut） down every day for such purposes but not enough are being planted.It has seriously decreased the population of many species. 　　In some cases， loss of habitat is caused 33.　　　　　　 forest fires or flooding of land.Environmentalists and zoologists are 34.　　　　　 （frequent） trying to do what they can to prevent the number of populations from 35.　　　　　　 （drop） too seriously. 　　Sometimes， people influence nature indirectly， leading the animals 36.　　　　　　 （lose） their habitats.Experts believe the problem is becoming much 37.　　　　　　 （bad） because of the emission （排放） of greenhouse gases.They don’t know 38.　　　　　　 much influence people have， however.The greenhouse effect can also influence weather patterns that affect animals. 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $