UNIT 4 Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment(教用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（译林版）

Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment

The Value of Science

　　When I was younger， I thought science would make good things for everybody.It was obviously useful； it was good.But then during the war I worked on① the atomic② bomb③.This result of science was obviously very serious—it represented the destruction of people and it put our future at risk④.I had to ask myself， “Is there some evil⑤ involved⑥ in science？”

　　[1]Put another way⑦， what is the value of the science I had long devoted myself to—the thing I had loved—when I saw what terrible things it could do？ It was a question I had to answer.I thought long and hard about this question， and I will try to answer it in this talk.

　　[1]句子的主句是what is the value of the science ...；句中when引导时间状语从句，从句中含有一个what引导的宾语从句what terrible things it could do；句中I had long devoted myself to为省略了关系代词that或which的定语从句，修饰先行词science；I had loved为省略了关系代词that或which的定语从句，修饰先行词thing。

　　[2]The first way in which science is of value is familiar to⑧ everyone： scientific⑨ knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things.[3]Of course， if we make good things， it is not only to the credit⑩ of science； it is also to the credit of the moral⑪ choice which led us to good work.Scientific knowledge is an enabling power to do either good or bad—but it does not carry instructions on how to apply⑫ it.Such power has obvious value—even though the power may be negated⑬ by what one does with it.

　　Another value of science is the intellectual⑭ enjoyment it can provide us with.When we look at any question deeply enough， we feel the excitement and mystery⑮ coming to us again and again.[4]With more knowledge comes a deeper， more wonderful mystery， inspiring one to look deeper still.Never concerned that the answer may let us down⑯， with pleasure and confidence we turn over each new stone

to find unimagined strangeness⑰ leading on to more wonderful questions and mysteries.Thanks to the scientific effort， we have been led to imagine all sorts of things more fantastic than poets and dreamers of the past ever could.

　　[4]本句是完全倒装句，正常语序是A deeper， more wonderful mystery comes with more knowledge， inspiring one to look deeper still.。句中动词-ing形式短语inspiring one to look deeper still作状语。

　　[5]I would now like to turn to a third value that science has.The scientist has a lot of experience with ignorance⑱ and doubt and uncertainty， and this experience is of very great importance.When a scientist doesn’t know the answer to a problem， he is ignorant.When he has an idea as to⑲ what the result is， he is uncertain.[6] And when he is pretty sure of what the result is going to be， he is still in some doubt.

　　[7]Now， we scientists take it for granted⑳ that it is perfectly possible to live and not know.But our freedom㉑ to doubt was born out of㉒ a deep and strong struggle against authority㉓ in the early days of science.In order to progress， we must not forget the importance of this struggle； we must recognize our ignorance and leave room for㉔ doubt.Permit㉕ us to question—to doubt—to not be sure.

　　[8]It is our responsibility㉖ as scientists， knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought， to declare㉗ the value of this freedom； to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed； and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations㉘.

　　（Adapted from a public lecture by Richard Feynman， an American scientist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965）

①work on 从事，致力于

②atomic adj.原子能的；原子的

③bomb n.炸弹；核武器 vt.轰炸

the atomic bomb 原子弹

④put ...at risk 使……处于危险中

[同义] put ...in danger

⑤evil n.罪恶，罪行；害处，坏处

adj.恶毒的；有害的；恶魔的

⑥involve vt.包含；牵涉，影响；（使）参加

be/get involved in 卷入；专注于

⑦put another way 换句话说

[同义] in other words

⑧be familiar to sb 为某人所熟悉

be familiar with ...精通……；熟悉……

⑨scientific adj.科学的，关于科学的；细致严谨的

scientific knowledge 科学知识

⑩credit n.赞扬，认可；信用

vt.存入金额；把……归于

to the credit of ...归功于……

⑪moral adj.道德的；道义上的；品行端正的 n.品行，道德；寓意

morally adv.道德上地

morality n.道德；道义；道德准则

the moral choice 道德选择

⑫apply vt.& vi.应用；申请；涂；有关

apply to ...适应……；适用于……

apply （to ...） for ...（向……）申请……

application n.应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，敷用

applicant n.申请人

⑬negate vt.取消，使无效；否认，否定

negative adj.否定的；消极的；负的