UNIT 1 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版）

本讲义围绕“面对未来”主题，以海明威和柯南·道尔的人生经历为载体，构建“Pre-reading职业规划引导—While-reading结构分析与细节理解—Post-reading思维拓展与语言应用”的学习支架，系统培养学生阅读理解与语言表达能力。 该资料通过对比两位作家的成功路径设计开放性问题，如分析计划与成功的关系，培养学生辩证思维品质；结合难句翻译、语法填空等分层练习，提升语言能力。课中助力教师引导学生深度探究，课后词汇默写与语法练习帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺。

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas Pre-reading Before reading the passage， answer the following questions. 1.What kind of job do you want to do in the future？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2.Why do you choose this job？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 3.What skills do you need to prepare for this job？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 While-reading 第一步：析架构理清脉络 Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks. 第二步：知细节明察秋毫 Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1.According to the text， how do many of us feel our future？（　　） A.Worried. B.Ambitious. C.Interested. D.Dull. 2.What can we learn from the second paragraph？（　　） A.As long as we have plans， we must have a great future. B.Even if we have plans，there’s no guarantee of our future. C.Our future is determined by luck. D.All successful writers have the same ambition. 3.Which is the right order of Hemingway’s events？ （　　） a.He joined a local Kansas newspaper. b.He graduated from high school. c.He won the Nobel Prize in Literature. d.He was determined to be a writer. A.a－b－c－d. B.c－a－d－b. C.d－a－b－c. D.d－b－a－c. 4.What was Doyle’s ideal career？（　　） A.A doctor. B.A detective. C.A writer. D.A sailor. 5.Why did Doyle bring Holmes back from the dead in his novel？（　　） A.He didn’t want Holmes to die. B.He loved Holmes very much. C.Without Holmes， he couldn’t finish writing. D.He was forced to do that by his fans. 第三步：析难句表达升级 自主翻译：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 自主翻译：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Post-reading 第一步：拓思维品质提升 1.Judging from the experiences of Hemingway and Conan Doyle， what is the relationship between an individual’s plan and ultimate success？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2.What is your understanding of Steve Jobs’ words in the last paragraph？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 第二步：课文语法填空 　　Having plans in place for the future is no guarantee 1.　　　　　　 they will become reality.In this respect， some people are 2.　　　　　　　　 （fortunate） than others. 　　The American author， Ernest Hemingway， was from early boyhood single-minded in his ambition to write.On 3.　　　　　　 （leave） high school， he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter.In his words， “I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about.”4.　　　　　　　　 （set） himself this goal， he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences.His short novel The Old Man and the Sea 5.　　　　　　 （win） the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953. 　　The young Arthur Conan Doyle， born in Scotland in 1859， had 6.　　　　　　 （original） worked as a doctor.After Sherlock Holmes made him famous， Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely 7.　　　　 writing.He still wanted to become known for his historical novels， so he killed off the famous detective in a novel 8.　　　　　　 （publish） in 1893.However， fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle was forced 9.　　　　　　 （bring） Holmes back from the dead. Though both of these men were successful at last， their paths to success were very different.So， whatever twists and turns you might encounter， take a leaf out of the books of 10.　　　　　　 two authors and be prepared for the unexpected. Facing the Future 　　For many of us， it’s something we already have experienced.One moment， we are lying comfortably in bed， about to fall into a deep sleep①.The next， our eyes are open and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about② possibly the most important issue of our lives — the future.Will we get into③ the school of our choice？ What will we be doing in ten years’ time？ Can we become the person we really want to be？ In the face of④ such questions， how should we approach the future？ [1]Can we take action⑤ to shape it， or should we just accept whatever comes our way⑥？ 　　[1] 本句为复合句。whatever引导宾语从句，作accept的宾语。 　　[2]As many of us already know， having plans in place⑦ for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality. [3]In this respect， some people are more fortunate than others， as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors， born 40 years apart. Although they shared the same ambitious⑧ and energetic approach⑨to life， their careers unfolded in contrasting ways⑩. 　　[2]本句为复合句。As引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作宾语，意为“正如……”；主句中主语为动词-ing短语having plans in place for the future。 　　[3]本句为复合句。as引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作主语，代指整个主句。 　　The American author， Ernest Hemingway， born in 1899， was from early boyhood⑪ single-minded⑫ in his ambition to write.On leaving high school， he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee⑬reporter.He went on to become foreign correspondent⑭ for the Toronto Star and used his extraordinary⑮ experiences in Europe and later Cuba to inform⑯ his writing.In his words， “I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about.” [4] Having set himself this goal， he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences of the First World War， the Spanish Civil War， bullfighting⑰ and deep-sea fishing， amongst others. His novel The Old Man and the Sea， about the three-day epic struggle between an elderly fisherman and the biggest fish he had ever caught， won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953.He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. 　　[4]本句为复合句。Having set himself this goal 为动词-ing短语作时间状语；based on his personal experiences of ...为过去分词短语作后置定语。 By contrast⑱， the young Arthur Conan Doyle， born in Scotland in 1859， had originally⑲ worked as a doctor.[5] But Doyle’s main ambition was to become a writer of historical⑳ novels. [6]Although some of his historical novels were published， their success was nothing compared to the stories of his fictional detective㉑， Sherlock Holmes， which he is still best known for to this day㉒. 　　[5]to become a writer of historical novels为动词不定式短语作表语。 　　[6]本句为复合句。Although 引导让步状语从句，compared to the stories of his fictional detective为比较状语；which引导非限制性定语从句。 　　Interestingly， Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients in his medical practice㉓ in London.After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name， Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely to㉔writing.He still longed to㉕ become known for his historical novels amongst㉖ other academic works.The public， however， couldn’t get enough of㉗ Sherlock Holmes.In desperatio， Doyle killed off㉙ the famous detective in a novel published in 1893 so that he could focus on his “serious” writing.However， fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle， under immense㉚ pressure， was forced to bring Holmes back from the dead.Doyle’s many historical novels， plays， poems and academic papers have remained largely forgotten， but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century. 　　[7]Though both of these men were ultimately㉛ successful， their paths to success were very different， their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned. So， whatever twists and turns you might encounter， take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected.As renowned㉜ tech innovator㉝ Steve Jobs once said，“You can’t connect the dots㉞ looking forward； you can only connect them looking backwards㉟ .So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future.” 　　[7]their futures ...as they planned为独立主格结构；as they planned为as引导的方式状语从句。 ①fall into sleep入睡 ②worry about担心 ③get into进入 ④in the face of面对，面临 ⑤take action采取行动 ⑥come one’s way发生在某人身上 ⑦in place准备就绪；在正确位置，准备妥当 ⑧ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的 ambition n.追求，理想 ⑨approach n.方式，方法 ⑩in contrasting ways以截然不同的方式 ⑪boyhood n.（男性的）童年时期，少年时代 ⑫single-minded adj.一心一意的；专心致志的 ⑬trainee n.接受工作培训的人；实习生 ⑭correspondent n.通讯员，记者 ⑮extraordinary adj.非凡的 ⑯inform v.影响 ⑰bullfighting n.斗牛 ⑱by contrast相比之下 ⑲originally adv.原来；起初 ⑳historical adj.（有关）历史的 history n.历史 ㉑detective n.私家侦探 ㉒to this day直到今天 ㉓medical practice行医 ㉔devote oneself to致力于，献身于…… ㉕long to do sth渴望做某事 ㉖amongst （同among） prep. 在……之中 ㉗get enough of受够了，厌倦 ㉘in desperation绝望；在走投无路的情况下 ㉙kill off毁灭；破坏 ㉚immense adj.极大的；巨大的 ㉛ultimately adv.最后，最终 ㉜renowned adj.有名的；闻名的；受尊敬的 ㉝innovator n.革新者；创新者 ㉞dot n.点，小圆点 ㉟backwards adv.往回，往前面 面对未来 　　我们许多人都有过这样的经历。前一刻，我们正惬意地躺在床上，即将进入深度睡眠。但下一刻，我们就睁开了双眼，发现自己在思考，甚至在担忧可能是人生中最重要的事情——未来。我们能进入心仪的学校吗？十年之后我们会在做什么？我们能够成为真正想成为的人吗？面对这些疑问，我们应该如何迎接未来呢？我们能否采取行动去影响未来，还是该全然接受现实给予我们的一切呢？ 　　正如我们许多人都知道的那样，对未来有计划并不能保证它们都会成为现实。就这一方面而言，一些人比别人更幸运，例如，有两位年龄相差40岁的著名作家，对比他们的人生就能证明这一点。虽然他们面对生活时都有远大的志向，而且精力充沛，但他们的职业生涯的发展却截然不同。 　　美国作家欧内斯特·海明威出生于1899年，他从小就一心想成为作家。高中一毕业，他进入堪萨斯当地的一家报社做实习记者。此后，他又成为《多伦多星报》的一名驻外记者，根据在欧洲和后来在古巴的独特经历进行创作。他曾说：“我决定把我知道的每一件事都写成一个故事。”在立下这一目标后，他根据自己在第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛表演和深海捕鱼等的亲身经历创作了许多长篇和短篇小说。他的小说《老人与海》讲述了一位老渔民与一条自己捕过的最大的鱼进行了三天艰苦卓绝搏斗的故事。这部小说于1953年获得普利策小说奖。海明威后来还荣获了诺贝尔文学奖。 　　相比而言，1859年出生于苏格兰的亚瑟·柯南·道尔，原先是一名医生，但他最大的志向却是成为一名历史小说作家。虽然他出版过一些历史小说，但与他虚构出来的侦探夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事相比，所取得的成功不可同日而语。直到现在，道尔最广为人知的作品仍是夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事。 　　有趣的是，一些早期的福尔摩斯故事是道尔在伦敦行医期间等候病人的时候创作的。在夏洛克·福尔摩斯让他变得家喻户晓后，道尔放弃了行医，全身心地投入创作。除了其他学术作品，他还是渴望自己能因历史小说而出名。然而，公众却对夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事百读不厌。绝望之下，道尔在一部出版于1893年的小说中杀死了这位著名的侦探，以便专心创作他的“严肃”作品。然而，福尔摩斯迷们对此感到非常愤怒，这使得道尔在巨大压力之下，不得不让福尔摩斯起死回生。道尔的很多历史小说、戏剧、诗歌和学术论文几乎都被人遗忘了，但夏洛克·福尔摩斯却在一个多世纪以来一直吸引着读者。 　　虽然这两位作家最终都获得了成功，但他们的成功之路却截然不同，他们的未来也不一定完全如他们当初所计划的那样。因此，不管未来你会遇到怎样的坎坷和曲折，都应以这两位作者为榜样，做好应对意外的准备。正如著名的科技创新者史蒂夫·乔布斯所说：“你无法预见性地将生命中的点滴串联起来，只有在回头看时，你才会发现这些点滴之间的联系。所以你要坚信，你现在所经历的，将在你未来的生命中串联起来。” Ⅰ.词块默写 1.　　　　　　　　面对，面临 2.　　　　　　 采取行动 3.　　　　　　 准备就绪；在正确位置，准备妥当 4.　　　　　　 以截然不同的方式 5.　　　　　　 相比之下 6.　　　　　　 直到今天 7.　　　　　　 致力于，献身于…… 8.　　　　　　 渴望做某事 9.　　　　　　 受够了，厌倦 10.　　　　　　 绝望；在走投无路的情况下 Ⅱ.课文原句默写 1.The next， our eyes are open and we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　possibly the most important issue of our lives — the future. 但下一刻，我们就睁开了双眼，发现自己在思考，甚至在担忧可能是人生中最重要的事情——未来。 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter. 高中一毕业，他进入堪萨斯当地的一家报社做实习记者。 核心词汇集释 1.in the face of 面对，面临 教材原句　In the face of such questions， how should we approach the future？ 面对这些疑问，我们应该如何迎接未来呢？ 【用法】 （1）face to face　　　　面对面 lose face 丢脸 make a face 做鬼脸 （2）be faced with 面临，面对 face up to 勇敢面对 face the music 承担后果，接受惩罚 【佳句】　The child was afraid that he would lose face among his peers if he cried， so he made a face to suppress his tears. 这个孩子担心如果在同龄人面前哭会丢脸，所以他做了个鬼脸来忍住眼泪。 （动作描写） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①She showed remarkable courage 　　　　the face of danger， remaining calm and composed. ②She was nervous to speak up face 　　　　face with her boss about the raise. ③　　　　 （face） with two options， he didn’t know which one to choose. 【写美】　完成句子 ④是你勇敢面对自己责任的时候了，不要再责怪别人了。（建议信） It’s time for you to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and stop blaming others. 2.devote oneself to 献身于，致力于…… 教材原句　After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name， Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely to writing. 在夏洛克·福尔摩斯让他变得家喻户晓后，道尔放弃了行医，全身心地投入创作。 【用法】 （1）devote ...to ... 把……用于/致力于……（to为介词） （2）devoted adj.　　忠实的；深爱的 be devoted to （doing） sth 致力于（做）某事 be devoted to sb 深爱着某人 （3）devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚 devotion to 对……的关爱/投入/忠诚 【佳句】　Devote yourself to learning， and you will open the door to a world of knowledge and possibilities. 全身心投入学习，你将打开通往知识和无限可能世界的大门。 （建议信） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The scientist devotes most of his time to 　　　　　　（research） new medicines. ②The dog is very 　　　　　　（devote） to its owner and follows him everywhere. ③His 　　　　　　（devote） to his work earned him respect from his colleagues. 【写美】　完成句子 ④玛丽·居里致力于科学研究，成为第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性。 （人物介绍） Marie Curie 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 scientific research and became the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. 重点句型解构 ◇句型公式：on doing ... 一……就…… 教材原句　On leaving high school， he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter. 高中一毕业，他进入堪萨斯当地的一家报社做实习记者。 【用法】 表示“一……就……”的句型还有： （1）as soon as＋时间状语从句 （2）immediately/instantly/directly＋时间状语从句 （3）the second/instant/minute/moment＋时间状语从句 （4）hardly＋主句（过去完成时）＋when＋从句（一般过去时） （5）no sooner＋主句（过去完成时）＋than＋从句（一般过去时） 【点津】　hardly与no sooner置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 【写美】　微写作/同义句转换 ①一看到美丽的日落，她立刻拿出相机捕捉这一瞬间。 （动作描写） On 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， she immediately took out her camera to capture the moment. ②As soon as she received the unexpected gift， her mouth dropped open in astonishment. →No sooner 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 her mouth dropped open in astonishment. →Hardly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 her mouth dropped open in astonishment. Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.The young man’s 　　　　　　（追求） is to win a gold medal in the Olympics. 2.He dreams of becoming a famous 　　　　（私家侦探） like Sherlock Holmes. 3.The newspaper sent a 　　　　　　　（通讯员） to cover the sports event. 4.The problem was very difficult， but we u　　　　　　 found a solution. 5.She looked b　　　　　　 to see if anyone was following her. Ⅱ.补全句子 1.The school decided to 　　　　　　　　（采取行动） to improve the students’ physical fitness by adding more sports courses. 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （一打开门）， she was greeted by a lovely puppy. 3.I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （发现我的自行车被偷了） when I came out of the store. 提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 1　Section Ⅰ 9 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas 【文本透析·剖语篇】 Pre-reading 1.I want to work in a job that combines creativity and helping others， like teaching or designing. 2.I choose this job because I enjoy solving problems and sharing ideas. 3.To prepare （for this job）， I need to learn communication skills， practice teamwork， and study subjects like technology or art. While-reading 第一步 1.future　2.take action　3.can’t ensure　4.trainee reporter　5.foreign correspondent　6.personal experiences 7.Pulitzer Prize　8.writer　9.historical writer 10.fictional detective　11.unexpected 第二步 1－5　ABDCD 第三步 1.正如我们许多人都知道的那样，对未来有计划并不能保证它们都会成为现实。 2.虽然这两位作家最终都获得了成功，但他们的成功之路却截然不同，他们的未来也不一定完全如他们当初所计划的那样。 Post-reading 第一步 1.Having a clear plan is beneficial for achieving success to some extent.For example， Hemingway was determined to write since his childhood and created works based on his own experiences， which eventually led to his winning of awards.However， a plan doesn’t necessarily determine the exact path to success.Conan Doyle planned to become a writer of historical novels but became famous for his Sherlock Holmes stories instead.This shows that success is influenced by multiple factors， and a plan is just one of them.The path and outcome of success may be different from what was initially planned. 2.You cannot make sense of your life by looking forward， because the future has not happened yet， and the meaning of future events is therefore uncertain.However， once future events have occurred， you may be able to see how they fit into the pattern of your life.Things which you did not expect to be important may turn out to be very important.You must face the future by believing that everything will work out in the end， and that your life will make sense and have meaning. 第二步 1.that　2.more fortunate　3.leaving　4.Having set 5.won　6.originally　7.to　8.published　9.to bring 10.these 【随堂检测·要过关】 Ⅰ.1.in the face of　2.take action　3.in place 4.in contrasting ways　5.by contrast　6.to this day 7.devote oneself to　8.long to do sth　9.get enough of 10.in desperation Ⅱ.1.find ourselves wondering or even worrying about 2.On leaving high school 【核心知识·巧突破】 核心词汇集释 1.①in　②to　③Faced　④face up to your responsibilities 2.①researching　②devoted　③devotion ④devoted herself to/was devoted to 重点句型解构 　①seeing the beautiful sunset ②had she received the unexpected gift than had she received the unexpected gift when 【随堂检测·要过关】 Ⅰ.1.ambition　2.detective　3.correspondent　4.ultimately　5.backwards Ⅱ.1.take action 2.On opening the door 3.found my bike stolen 9 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $