UNIT 5 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas(教用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版）

本讲义围绕“海洋探索”主题展开，通过Pre-reading图片提问引入海洋分区及已探索区域，While-reading分“析架构理清脉络”“知细节明察秋毫”“析难句表达升级”三步深化文本理解，Post-reading通过“拓思维品质提升”和语法填空实现知识拓展与巩固，形成从导入到应用的完整学习支架。 该资料以“潜入深海”文本为载体，特色在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养。While-reading细节题训练信息提取能力，难句翻译提升语言表达；Post-reading拓思维问题引导学生分析海洋探索的驱动因素与意义，培养批判性思维。融入中国“蛟龙号”等实例，增强文化意识与家国情怀，课中助力教师分层教学，课后词汇默写、语法填空等练习帮助学生查漏补缺，巩固语言知识。

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas Pre-reading Look at the picture and answer the questions. 1.What different zones are there in the ocean？ 　Sunlight Zone， Twilight Zone， Midnight Zone and Abyssal Zone.　 2.Which parts of the ocean do you think have been explored？ 　Sunlight Zone and Twilight Zone.　 While-reading 第一步：析架构理清脉络 Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks. 第二步：知细节明察秋毫 Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1.What is the author’s attitude to ocean exploration？（　　） A.Indifferent.　 B.Optimistic. C.Pessimistic.　 D.Cautious. 2.What can’t we infer from the first paragraph？（　　 ） A.The Esmeralda set sail in the 16th century. B.After the Esmeralda， humans have made much progress in exploring Earth’s furthest corners. C.The Esmeralda represents attempts to explore Earth’s furthest corners. D.There is still a little unexplored land on our planet. 3.The following have been discovered in the ocean depth EXCEPT 　　　.（　　 ） A.natural resources　 B.extraordinary creatures C.shipwrecks　 D.fragments of the past 4.Why does the author give the examples of China？（　　 ） A.To show how powerful our country is. B.To show the progress our country has made. C.To show the oceans can provide priceless natural resources. D.To show how the sea bed is formed. 答案：1－4　BDDC 第三步：析难句表达升级 自主翻译：　漆黑的深海里管眼鱼游来游去，这是种奇特的鱼，其眼睛可以透过透明的前额向上看。　 自主翻译：　在海平面以下8，000多米处最深的海沟里，压强相当于50架飞机堆叠在一起。　 Post-reading 第一步：拓思维品质提升 1.What do you think drives the exploration of the oceans？ 　Changes in the Earth’s oceans will directly affect our lives on land. Besides， they can satisfy humans’ curiosity and desire for unknown knowledge.　 2.What is the significance of ocean exploration？ 　First， deep-sea findings can unlock some new resources to fulfill our needs such as food and energy.Second， we can get more information from ocean exploration， which can be used to know what to do in order to protect the ocean.　 第二步：课文语法填空 　　Lying under waters across the globe are an 1. 　estimated　 （estimate） three million shipwrecks，all of which represent attempts over the centuries 2. 　to explore　（explore） Earth’s furthest corners. Among these 3.　is　（be） the Esmeralda，the earliest wreck from the age of the European exploration of Asia. 　　As with the discovery of the Esmeralda，many archaeological finds 4. 　are made　 （make） in shallow waters near the coast.5. 　Amazing　 （amaze） biological discoveries are also being made. The dark zones of the oceans may contain up 6. 　to　 90 per cent of the planet’s fish. These discoveries all help us understand the capacity for life on our planet， even in the most extreme 7. 　circumstances　 （circumstance）. Furthermore，the oceans are a valuable source of natural resources， some of 8. 　which　 are completely new to us. Being a tough environment of complete 9. 　darkness　 （dark），enormous pressure and intense cold， the ocean depths have long been beyond the reach of human exploration. 10. 　However　，through closer international scientific，economic and cultural cooperation，we are all becoming part of a global mission to open up our planet’s final frontier. DIVING DEEP Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks①.All of them represent② attempts over the centuries to explore Earth’s furthest corners.[1] Among these is the Esmeralda， the earliest wreck from the age of the European exploration of Asia.Today， some 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail， there is little — if any — land on our planet left unexplored③.We have more detailed maps of the Moon， and even of Venus and Mars， than we do of Earth’s own sea bed. [2]Given④ our limited knowledge， it is perhaps no surprise that exploration of the oceans continues to lead to discoveries in various scientific fields.As with the discovery of the Esmeralda， many archaeological⑤ finds⑥ are made in shallow⑦ waters near the coast.These may sometimes include whole cities buried beneath the waves⑧.One such find is the ancient Roman city of Ne􀅡polis， discovered off the coast of Tunisia.Believed to have been buried underwater by a tsunami in the fourth century AD， the ruins⑨ of Ne􀅡polis are almost 2，000 years old.The remaining⑩ streets and buildings offer a window into a fascinating period in our history.However， we are only beginning to overcome the challenges of pressure， darkness and extreme⑪ cold at vast depths⑫.Fragments⑬ of the past lying deep beneath the oceans are still waiting to be discovered. 　　[1]本句为完全倒装句。the earliest wreck from the age of the European exploration of Asia为 Esmeralda的同位语。 [2]句中that引导主语从句，it作形式主语。 Amazing biological⑭ discoveries are also being made.The dark zones of the oceans may contain up to 90 per cent of the planet’s fish.[3] In these waters， more than 200 metres deep， where light cannot reach， are extraordinary creatures that appear as if they are straight out of science fiction.Imagine bone-white coral 6，000 metres below the ocean’s surface， growing at the rate of⑮ only one or two millimetres per year.Some of these could be 4，000 years old.Swimming through these black depths is the barreleye， a strange fish with eyes that can look upwards through its transparent⑯ forehead.In the very deepest ocean trenches⑰ that are more than 8，000 metres below the surface， the pressure is equivalent to⑱ 50 aeroplanes stacked⑲ one on top of another.Yet there is still life to be found， even around the deep-sea volcanic openings.These discoveries all help us understand the capacity⑳ for life on our planet， even in the most extreme circumstances. [4]Furthermore， the oceans are a valuable source of natural resources， some of which are completely new to us.Most notable㉑ of these is China’s discovery of an ice-like substance㉒ ， known as “fire ice”， under the South China Sea.In addition， China’s underwater vessels， such as the Jiaolong and Shenhai Yongshi， have been exploring waters at depths of thousands of metres.The Jiaolong even holds the record㉓ for the deepest dive by a manned submarine， at 7，062 metres， giving China its place alongside the world’s top ocean explorers.[5] The research conducted㉔ by these vessels is giving scientists a greater understanding of how the sea bed was formed， as well as helping identify㉕ areas for deep-sea drilling， taking deep-sea exploration into a whole new era. Being a tough environment㉖ of complete darkness， enormous㉗ pressure and intense㉘ cold， the ocean depths have long been beyond the reach of㉙ human exploration.However， through closer international scientific， economic and cultural cooperation㉚ ， we are all becoming part of a global mission㉛ to open up our planet’s final frontier㉜.Humankind is entering a new age of oceanic discovery， and the world beneath the waves may one day be almost as familiar to us as the land we walk upon today. 　　[3]本句为表示地点的介词短语位于句首的倒装句；where引导非限制性定语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词creatures；as if引导表语从句。 [4]本句为复合句。some of which ...为“代词＋介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。 [5]本句为复合句。句子主干为The research is giving scientists a greater understanding of ...as well as helping ...； conducted by these vessels为过去分词短语作后置定语；how the sea bed was formed为how引导的宾语从句。 ①shipwreck n.失事的船；沉船 ②represent v.代表 ③unexplored adj.无人涉足的 ④given prep.鉴于 ⑤archaeological adj.考古学的；考古的 ⑥find n.发现 ⑦shallow adj.浅的 ⑧beneath the waves在海浪下 ⑨ruin n.废墟 ⑩remaining adj.剩下的，余下的 ⑪extreme adj.极度的，极端的 ⑫depth n.深处；深度 ⑬fragment n.碎片；片段 ⑭biological adj.生物的；生物学的 ⑮at the rate of以……的速度 ⑯transparent adj.透明的 ⑰trench n.海沟 ⑱be equivalent to相当于，等于 ⑲stack v.（使）整齐地堆起；摞起 ⑳capacity n.能力，承受力 ㉑notable adj.显要的；显著的；值得注意的 ㉒substance n.物质 ㉓hold the record保持纪录 ㉔conduct v.实施，执行 ㉕identify v.确定；找到，发现 ㉖a tough environment恶劣的环境 ㉗enormous adj.巨大的 ㉘intense adj.十分强烈的，极度的 ㉙beyond the reach of无法达到；超过……能力之外 ㉚cooperation n.合作 ㉛mission n.任务，使命 ㉜frontier n.边疆；（学科或活动的）尖端，边缘 参考译文 潜入深海 全球水域下大约沉睡着三百万艘沉船残骸，每艘都代表了若干世纪以来探索地球最远端的努力尝试。其中就包括了“埃斯梅拉达”号，它是欧洲国家探索亚洲时代留下的最早残骸。如今，距离“埃斯梅拉达”号起航已有500多年，我们星球上尚未被人类探索的土地已经少之又少了。然而，我们手中关于地球自身海底的地图，甚至比不上关于月球乃至金星、火星的天体图详尽。 基于我们有限的认知，探索海洋可以带来许多科学领域的新发现，这也许就显得不足为奇了。就像发现“埃斯梅拉达”号的残骸一样，很多考古学发现都发生在近海岸的浅水水域。这些发现有时会包括埋在海浪下的整座城市，其中之一便是在突尼斯近海发现的古罗马城市奈阿波利斯。据悉，在公元4世纪，奈阿波利斯被一场海啸淹没，其废墟至今已有近2，000年的历史。存留下来的街道、建筑为我们打开了一扇窗，让我们得以窥见那段精彩的历史。然而，我们才刚刚开始克服广袤的海洋深处的压强、黑暗和极寒所带来的挑战。过去的碎片仍深藏在大洋底部，等待被发现。 　　生物学领域也有惊人的发现。海洋的黑暗区域里或许生存着多达地球上90％的鱼类。在200多米以下，阳光照不到的深水水域里，住着一些看起来就像是直接从科幻小说中走出来的奇异的生物。想象一下，在海平面下6，000米深处，骨白色的珊瑚以每年仅一到两毫米的速度缓慢生长着，它们中有些已经存活了4，000年。漆黑的深海里管眼鱼游来游去，这是种奇特的鱼，其眼睛可以透过透明的前额向上看。在海平面以下8，000多米处最深的海沟里，压强相当于50架飞机堆叠在一起。然而这里仍有生命的存在，甚至在深海海底的火山口周围也有生命。这些深海发现帮助我们理解地球上生命的承受力，甚至是在最极端的环境下的承受力。 　　此外，海洋还包含着珍贵的自然资源，其中一些对我们来说完全是新的资源。最值得一提的便是中国在南海发现的被称为“可燃冰”的冰状物质。此外，中国的水下舰艇如“蛟龙”号和“深海勇士”号，一直在数千米深的水域探索。“蛟龙”号甚至保持着载人潜舰的最深下潜纪录7，062米，使中国跻身于世界顶级海洋探索国之列。借助这些潜水器所完成的研究有利于科学家进一步了解海床的形成过程，帮助确定深海钻探区域，将深海勘探带入一个崭新的时代。 　　深海区域环境恶劣，完全黑暗、压强极大、极度寒冷，长期以来都是人类探索无法企及的区域。然而，通过更紧密的国际科学、经济以及文化合作，我们都在成为开拓地球最后疆域这一全球使命的参与者。人类正走向海洋发现的新时代，或许有朝一日，我们会像熟悉脚下的土地一样熟悉那海浪下的世界。 Ⅰ.词块默写 1.　in the ocean depths　　在海洋深处 2.　archaeological finds　　　考古发现 3.　off the coast of ...　　　离……海岸不远的地方 4.　extreme cold　　　极寒 5.　science fiction　　　科幻小说 6.　in the most extreme circumstances　　　在最极端的环境/条件下 7.　natural resources　　　自然资源 8.　take ... into a whole new era　 　将……带入一个全新的时代 9.　in various scientific fields　　　在各种不同的科学领域 10.　overcome the challenges of pressure　　　克服压强所带来的挑战 Ⅱ.课文原句默写 1.　Lying under waters across the globe are　 an estimated three million shipwrecks. 全球水域下大约沉睡着三百万艘沉船残骸。 2.Furthermore，the oceans are a valuable source of natural resources， 　some of which are completely new to us　. 此外，海洋还包含着珍贵的自然资源，其中一些对我们来说完全是新的资源。 3.　Being a tough environment of complete darkness， enormous pressure and intense cold　， the ocean depths have long been beyond the reach of human exploration. 深海区域环境恶劣，完全黑暗、压强极大、极度寒冷，长期以来都是人类探索无法企及的区域。 核心词汇集释 ◇notable adj.显要的；显著的；值得注意的n.名人 教材原句　Most notable of these is China’s discovery of an ice-like substance， known as “fire ice”， under the South China Sea.最值得一提的便是中国在南海发现的被称为“可燃冰”的冰状物质。 【用法】 （1）note vt.　　　　　　　注意，记录，注解 n.　　笔记 take notes　　做笔记 （2）noted adj.　　著名的；显著的 be noted for/as ...　　因/作为……而闻名 （3）notably adv.　　显著地；尤其 【佳句】　He also said that there was a notable quote：“Heroes come from the people.Every person is remarkable.” 他还说，有一句名言值得注意：“英雄来自人民。每个人都是非凡的。” 【生义】　His writings often cite historical notables like Napoleon and Shakespeare.他的著作经常引用拿破仑和莎士比亚这样的历史名人。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The museum has a collection of works by 　notable　 （note） artists from around the world. ②The Great Wall， 　notably　 （notable） the Badaling section， attracts millions of visitors annually. ③In recent years， China has been noted 　for　 its rapid development in science and technology. 【写美】　完成句子 ④自1911年建校以来，清华大学培养了许多科学、商业、学术和文化领域的杰出领袖。 Since it was founded in 1911， Tsinghua University has produced 　many notable leaders　 in science， business， academia and culture. 重点句型解构 ◇句型公式：作表语的动词-ing形式置于句首引起的完全倒装句 教材原句　Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks. 全球水域下大约沉睡着三百万艘沉船残骸。 【用法】 本句是一个完全倒装句，正常语序为An estimated three million shipwrecks are lying under waters across the globe.。作表语的分词或形容词有时可以移到句首，对动作或状态加以强调。 【佳句】　Look！Moving under the bridge are a group of sheep.看！一群羊正在桥下走动。 【写美】　微写作 ①山顶上矗立着一座红屋顶的旧木屋。　（场景描写） 　Standing at the top of the hill was　 an old wooden house with a red roof. ②教室墙上挂着一幅古代丝绸之路的地图。 　Hanging on the classroom wall was　 a map of the ancient Silk Road. Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.The apartment is far too small for us. 　Furthermore　 （此外）， it is too far from our company. 2.Every 　substance　 （物质）， no matter what it is， is composed of very small particles called molecules（分子）. 3.The thickness of the latest smartphone model is less than 8 　millimetres　（毫米）， making it incredibly slim. 4.I suggest we hang the posters upwards　 on the wall to make them more visible. 5.Let’s support this investigation　 into reducing food waste and take action to make a positive change. Ⅱ.补全句子 1.　Lying on the floor is　 （躺在地板上的是） a wounded peasant boy. 2.Our school basketball team 　set a record　 （创下了纪录） by winning 15 consecutive games. 3.Regular exercise 　is equivalent to　 （相当于） a natural medicine that can improve our physical and mental health. 维度一：品句填词 1.There’s absolutely no regulation of cigarettes to make sure that they don’t include poisonous 　substances　 （物质）. 2.You can pay bills over the Internet. 　Furthermore　 （此外）， you can check your balance or order statements. 3.The system can print electronic features smaller than a hundredth of a 　millimetre　 （毫米） wide from a variety of materials. 4.They are specially packaged so that they stack　 easily. 维度二：词形转换 1.The company has made 　notable　 （note） progress in reducing its carbon footprint this year. 2.I believe my experience as a volunteer is the 　equivalent　 （equivalence） of professional work experience in some aspects. 3.During the 　investigation　 （investigate） of the project’s failure， we discovered critical mistakes in the planning phase. 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1.Tom is a great basketball player. He 　holds the record for　 （保持着……的记录） the most points in a season. 2.Tom knew it was dangerous to drive in foggy weather， but he 　set out　（出发） all the same. 3.The apples on the tree are 　beyond the reach of　（超出……的范围） the little boy， so he has to ask his brother for help. 4.He seldom， 　if any　 （如果有的话）， makes mistakes in his English compositions. 5.Social networks 　offer a window into　 （提供了一个……窗口） how people live their lives. 6.　Sitting at the back of the hall are a group of students　 （大厅后面坐着一群学生） eagerly waiting for the guest speaker to arrive. 维度四：一词多义/熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思 1.retreat A.v. 撤退， 后退　　　 B.v.离开， 退出 C.v.退避，躲避 ①The army was forced to retreat after suffering heavy losses. 　　　A　 ②Faced with obstacles， never shall I retreat. Instead， I will face up to them. 　　　C　　 ③The shepherd put down the box and retreated from the room. 　　　B　　 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加蓝词汇的意思 2.Weekend tours are ideal for families who want a short getaway. 　　n.短假　 3.The volume of this container is sufficient to hold a large amount of liquid.　　n.容积　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·甘肃临夏高二下期末）Scientists in Azerbaijan recently discovered something from a 4，000-year-old camp of herders（牧人）， which reminded them of a similar discovery found in a superb ancient Egyptian tomb. What they found may be the oldest board game in history， reports Science Alert. 　　Scientists， Walter Crist from Leiden University in the Netherlands and Rahman Abdullayev from the Minnesota History Society， led the team that uncovered the board game. At six sites across Azerbaijan， Crist and Abdullayev found rocks with carved designs that were reminisced of the Ancient Egyptian game Hounds and Jackals （猎犬和豺狼）. The board games from Azerbaijan date back to before 2000 BC， older than those found in ancient Egypt. The discovery suggests that Hounds and Jackals may be older than historians think， and it may not have originated in Egypt after all. 　　Hounds and Jackals is played by moving five pieces with heads shaped like hounds and five pieces with heads shaped like jackals through 58 holes. It is a race game where players try to be the first to reach the finish line. 　　The discovery in Azerbaijan uncovered something else surprising. Whereas Egypt’s Hounds and Jackals， also called Fifty-Eight Holes was found in a superb tomb of a government official， Azerbaijan’s oldest game was probably used by cattle herders. 　　“Whatever the origin of the game of Fifty-Eight Holes， it was quickly adopted and played by a wide variety of people， from the nobility of middle kingdom of Egypt to the cattle herders of the Caucasus， and from the Old Assyrian traders in Anatolia to the workers who built Middle Kingdom pyramids （金字塔），” Crist and Abdullayev wrote in a study. Crist said that the game probably provided more than just recreation. Game playing likely helped ancient people make friends and build trust with each other， much like it does today. “The fast spread of this game proves the ability of games to act as social tools， promoting interactions across social classes，” Crist explained. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阿塞拜疆科学家发现了可能是史上最古老的棋盘游戏，其类似古埃及的“猎犬和豺狼”游戏，但更古老，这表明该游戏的起源或非埃及。 1.Why might Hounds and Jackals be the oldest board game？（　　） A.It is played by various people. B.It is older than the Egyptian version. C.It was found in many Azerbaijan sites. D.It was discovered from a herders’ camp. 解析：B　推理判断题。第一段末句提到阿塞拜疆发现的这款棋盘游戏可能是历史上最古老的棋盘游戏。同时，第二段倒数第二句提到该游戏可以追溯到公元前2000年之前，比在古埃及发现的版本时间更早，基于这个时间先后对比，才让人们觉得“猎犬和豺狼”游戏可能比历史学家原本认为的更古老。 2.What does the underlined word “reminisced” in paragraph 2 mean？（　　） A.Highlighted. B.Contrasted. C.Created. D.Recalled. 解析：D　词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句可知，此处提到科学家发现了带有雕刻图案的石头，画线词下文提到古埃及的“猎犬和豺狼”游戏。由此推知，reminisced在这里的意思应该是“使想起，使回忆起”，与recalled意思相近。 3.What can we infer about the spread of the game？（　　） A.It spread slowly outside of Egypt. B.It spread mainly among the working class. C.It only spread within Egypt and Azerbaijan. D.It spread across different social classes and regions. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段首句可知，该游戏在不同社会阶层（从埃及的贵族到高加索的牧人，从安纳托利亚的亚述商人到建造金字塔的工人）以及不同地区（埃及、高加索、安纳托利亚等）都有传播。 4.What does the author imply in the last paragraph？（　　） A.The game was invented by herders. B.The game helped build social connections. C.The game only served as a form of recreation. D.The game was popular with government officials. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后三句可知，该游戏有助于人们结交朋友、建立信任以及跨越社会阶层促进互动。由此推断，该游戏帮助建立社会联系。 B 　　（2025·江苏南通高二下期末） In 2020， archaeologists unearthed six unusual stone objects in the western of Xizang， each with a pointed tip at one end and an eyelike opening at the other. Now， researchers conclude that the objects are stone sewing needles as much as 9，000 years old — the oldest stone tools made by grinding （磨） found on the Tibetan Plateau， where ancient people must have battled a severe climate to survive. 　　The oldest needles are made of bone. Archaeologists have found some dating back about 50，000 years in Russia’s Denisova Cave. But before the discovery， the oldest stone needles were only 2，700 years old， found in Henan Province in China. The new find pushes the appearance of stone needles back more than 6，000 years. 　　Only two of the six needles were undamaged， and eyes were preserved in four. Needle 1 — the longest， widest， and thickest one — bears deep marks running along its length on all sides， which is the characteristic of scraping （刮擦）. 　These　 are hidden behind finer， multidirectional grinding marks， suggesting the needle was first scraped into shape and then ground to give it a tip. The top of the needle was drilled to form an eye. 　　To confirm how the needles were made， the researchers attempted to copy them using the same material. The whole process took at least seven times longer than making softer bone needles. Yun Chen， a team member from Sichuan University， says， “Since they were harder than bone needles， we concluded that these stone needles may have been used to sew thicker materials， such as a tent.” 　　The team made admirable efforts， says Francesco d’Errico from the University of Bordeaux. But he thinks the tips of the “needles” are not fine enough for sewing. The fact that some of the needles are made of talc （滑石） is another knock against the needle theory， he says， because talc is too soft to pierce tough materials. Some also wonder about a third possibility that the objects were tools to make fishing nets， given the site is close to a lake. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在西藏西部发现的9，000年前的石制缝纫针，并探讨了这些石针的制作工艺、用途以及考古学家对其功能的不同看法。 5.What is the importance of the 2020 discovery？（　　） A.It revises the history of stone needles in China. B.It corrects misunderstandings about the Tibetan Plateau. C.It proves the widespread use of needles in ancient times. D.It shows ancient people’s struggle against severe conditions. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第一段首句以及第二段可知，这一新发现将石针的出现时间推到了6，000多年前。由此可推断，2020年发现的重要性是修正了中国石针的历史。 6.What does the underlined word “These” in paragraph 3 refer to？（　　） A.The eyes of the needles. B.The deep marks of scraping. C.The two undamaged needles. D.The different sides of needles. 解析：B　代词指代题。根据上文可知，these为代词，指代上文提到的事物，此处应是指代针身的深痕。 7.What conclusion did the researchers reach？（　　） A.Stone needles appeared after bone needles. B.Bone needles were strong enough to sew tents. C.Bone needles are harder to make than stone needles. D.Stone needles were likely used for tougher materials. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，研究人员认为石针可能被用来制作更坚硬的材料。 8.What is Francesco d’Errico’s attitude towards the conclusion made by the researchers？（　　） A.Unclear.　 B.Doubtful. C.Carefree.　 D.Supportive. 解析：B　观点态度题。根据最后一段前三句可知，Francesco d’Errico认为“针”的尖端不够细，不适合缝纫。由此推知，Francesco d’Errico对研究者得出的结论持怀疑态度。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　（2025·广东深圳高二下期末）Baby animals are cute， and when we see one that seems to be in trouble， it’s natural that we want to help. 9.（　　） It’s important to recognise when an animal truly needs help and to understand how to assist safely. Then how should we properly interact with young animals in the wild？ 　　Do not approach a baby animal immediately you spot it， otherwise it may run away， making it hard for the parents to find it. 10.（　　） Baby animals are often left alone in tall grass or bushes while their parents forage （觅食）. The parents are likely nearby and will return. So， wait and observe first. 　　Generally， people should give wildlife space. Many parks require visitors to stay at least 25 yards away from animals， and much further if it’s a predator （捕食者） like a lion or a bear. 11.（　　） 　　When an animal is visibly injured， the best approach is to call the local forestry department or a wildlife organisation to get advice about next steps. 12.（　　） You may not be able to do it properly. If the animal isn’t obviously injured， you should wait and see if a parent returns. 　　13.（　　） If you see a turtle crossing the road and it’s safe to stop your car， it’s fine to help the animal get to its destination. Also， if you accidentally knock a bird’s nest out of a tree or observe a baby bird fall， you typically can gently return the bird to its nest. A.Try not to handle the animal by yourself. B.However， animals are often much stronger than we think. C.Animal parents may abandon a baby due to food shortages. D.Instead， your first reaction should be to watch from a distance. E.If you’re close enough to take a photo with it， you’re too close. F.Yet there are situations where humans can lend a helping hand. G.But well-meaning humans can sometimes do more harm than good. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在野外正确帮助小动物，强调了保持适当距离、观察情况、寻求专业帮助以及在必要时谨慎采取行动的重要性。 9.G　根据上文可知，人们看到有麻烦的小动物会很自然地想帮忙。下文则指出要正确地帮助动物。G项（但是善意的人类有时可能会好心办坏事）承上启下，符合语境。 10.D　根据上文可知，不要立刻靠近你看到的那个幼小动物。D项（相反，你的第一反应应该是从远处观察）承接上文，符合语境。 11.E　根据上文可知，要与动物保持距离。E项（如果你近到可以和它合影，那你就离得太近了）承接上文，符合语境。 12.A　根据上文可知，遇到受伤动物应联系相关部门。下文进一步指出自己处理可能会有问题。A项（尽量不要自己处理这只动物）承上启下，符合语境。 13.F　根据下文可知，在某些情况下人们可以帮助动物。F项（然而，在某些情况下人类可以伸出援手）引出下文，符合语境。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 　　（2025·山东潍坊高二下期末）假定你是校报编辑，在本期《科学探秘》专栏中，你要向大家介绍“神农架野人”。请你用英语写一篇短文，内容包括： 　　（1）神农架自然保护区位于湖北省，长久以来传说常有“野人”出没； 　　（2）目击者称“野人”有两米多高，全身红棕毛发，直立行走； 　　（3）曾收集到“野人”的毛发、脚印和粪便； 　　（4）多年来，我国科学家一直在探索神农架，希望能解开“野人”之谜。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：直立地（upright）；灵长目动物（primate） 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考范文： 　　Have you ever heard of the wild man？ Legend has it that the wild man has appeared from time to time in the Shennongjia Nature Reserve in Hubei Province since early times. 　　According to witnesses， the wild man is over two metres tall， with powerful arms， strong legs and reddish-brown hair all over. The so-called “wild man” walks upright. Further evidence of the “wild man” was collected， such as hair， footprints and wastes. For years， Chinese scientists have been exploring in Shennongjia， hoping to solve the mystery someday. 　　So far whether there is “wild man” in Shennongjia hasn’t been proved， but some scientists guess it may be a kind of ape-like primate similar to human beings. 4 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $