UNIT 5 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

本讲义聚焦“植物的秘密语言”核心知识点，系统梳理植物通过化学物质、声音及“植物万维网”进行交流的科学原理，脉络从神话传说引入科学发现，以Pre-reading问题引导、While-reading架构分析与细节理解、Post-reading讨论与语法巩固为学习支架。 该资料特色在于跨学科融合科学话题，通过“析架构-知细节-析难句”三步阅读法提升语言能力，Post-reading讨论“研究植物交流的意义”培养思维品质，课后词汇默写、语法填空等练习助力学习能力发展，课中辅助教师分层教学，课后帮助学生查漏补缺。

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas Pre-reading Before reading the passage， answer the following question. 　How do plants survive without moving or eating like animals？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 While-reading 第一步：析架构理清脉络 Skim the passage and fill in the blanks. 第二步：知细节明察秋毫 Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1.What can we learn from paragraph 3？（　　） A.Plants can release chemicals from the roots. B.Plants can release chemicals when attacked. C.Chemicals from some plants destroy the other plants. D.Scientists find the method of growing crops without pesticides. 2.How many ways that plants communicate are talked about in the passage？（　　） A.1. B.2. C.3. D.4. 3.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage？（　　） ①＝paragraph 1 ②＝paragraph 2 ③＝paragraph 3 ④＝paragraph 4 ⑤＝paragraph 5 ⑥＝paragraph 6 A.①/②/③④⑤/⑥ B.①②/③④⑤/⑥ C.①②③/④⑤/⑥ D.①/②③④⑤/⑥ 4.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage？（　　） A.To encourage people to study plants. B.To introduce ways of communication between plants. C.To argue why plants are able to communicate. D.To tell us some myths about talking plants. 第三步：析难句表达升级 1.Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water， indicating drought is arriving. 句式分析：本句为复合句，when there is not enough water为when引导的　　　　　　从句；indicating drought is arriving是动词-ing形式作　　　　状语，drought is arriving为省略that的　　　　从句。 自主翻译：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2.Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. 句式分析：本句为复合句，in which plants talk to each other为“介词＋关系代词”引导的　　　　从句。 自主翻译：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Post-reading 第一步：拓思维品质提升 Discuss the following questions with your partner. Do you think it’s useful to study the secrets of plants communication？ Why？ What can we benefit from it？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 第二步：课文语法填空 　　Modern research is showing that plants can communicate 1.　　　　　　 each other. 　　It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other.The plant releases chemicals from the leaves that 2.　　　　　 （eat）.This is like a warning， or a call for help：“I’m being attacked！” When another plant detects the chemicals， it starts to release its own， different chemicals.Some of these chemicals drive insects 3.　　　　　　. 　　More 4.　　　　　　 （surprise）， plants also use sound to communicate.Some plants make noises with their roots.A chilli plant can tell 5.　　　　　　 a neighbouring plant is helpful， or unfriendly.Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water， 6.　　　　　　 （indicate） drought is arriving. 　　Most surprisingly of all， plants have an amazing system of 7.　　　　　　 （communicate） that can link nearly every plant in a forest.Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”.This fungal network 8.　　　　　　 （link） the roots of different plants to each other.9.　　　　　　 （use） the wood wide web， plants can share information and even food with each other.Plants can steal food 10.　　　　　　 each other， or spread poisons to attack other plants. 　　Maybe one day we will be able to “talk” with plants ourselves. The Secret Language of Plants 　　Talking plants have long been a thing of myths① and legends②.Many cultures have stories of talking trees [1]that give advice as well as③ warnings to people.Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India.And in some modern stories， such as the film Avatar， trees can communicate with④ animals and people. 　　[2]With us long believing that talking plants are fantasy⑤， new research has revealed something amazing：[3]it appears that plants can communicate after all⑥. 　　[1]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词talking trees。 　　[2]with复合结构（with＋代词＋doing）作状语。 　　[3]it appears that ... 意为“似乎……”，it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。 　　[4]It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other.This happens when a plant， say a bean plant， gets attacked by insects.The plant releases tiny amounts of⑦ chemicals from the leaves [5]that are being eaten.This is like a warning， or a call for help：“I’m being attacked！” When another bean plant detects⑧ the chemicals from its injured neighbour， it starts to release its own， different chemicals.Some of these chemicals drive insects away⑨.Others attract insects — the wasps⑩！ The wasps kill the insects that are eating the bean plants.Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system， [6]so that we can use it to grow crops without pesticides⑪. 　　[4]It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。 　　[5]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词leaves。 　　[6]so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”。 　　More surprisingly， plants also use sound to communicate.People can’t hear these sounds， but plants are making them.Some plants make noises with their roots⑫.Corn and chilli⑬ plants do this.They also “listen” to the noises from other plants.A chilli plant can tell [7]if a neighbouring plant is helpful， or unfriendly.Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water，[8]indicating⑭ drought is arriving. 　　[7]if引导宾语从句，作tell的宾语。 　　[8]indicating ...为动词-ing形式作伴随状语。 　　Most surprisingly of all， plants have an amazing system of communication [9]that can link⑮ nearly every plant in a forest.Scientists call ①myth n.（古代的）神话 ②legend n.传说，传奇（故事） ③as well as 也；又（连接并列结构） ④communicate with sb与某人交流 communicate sth to sb 向某人传达（思想和感情） ⑤fantasy n.幻想 ⑥after all 毕竟；终究 ⑦tiny amounts of 微量的 ⑧detect v.发现，察觉（尤指不易觉察到的事物） ⑨drive ...away 把……赶走 ⑩wasp n.黄蜂 ⑪ pesticide n.杀虫剂，农药 ⑫ root n.根 ⑬ chilli n.辣椒 ⑭ indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示 ⑮ link v. 把……联系起来；连接 this system the “wood wide web”.It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use.[10]While the Internet is a worldwide network of computers [11]linked by cables⑯ and satellites， the wood wide web is linked underground by fungi⑰.This fungal⑱ network links the roots of different plants to each other.[12]Using the wood wide web， plants can share information and even food with each other.For example， some pine trees can send food to smaller pine trees to help them grow.But just like our own Internet， the wood wide web has its own version⑲ of “cybercrime⑳”.Plants can steal food from each other， or spread poisons to attack other plants.Perhaps one day scientists will learn [13]how to create a “firewall㉑” to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide web. 　　[9]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词communication。 　　[10]While在此是并列连词，表示对比。 　　[11]linked by ...为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词computers。 　　[12]Using the wood ...为动词-ing短语作伴随状语。 　　[13]“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构作learn的宾语。 　　Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways [14]in which plants talk to each other.Who knows？ Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to “talk” with them ourselves. 　　[14]in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词ways。 ⑯ cable n.电缆 ⑰ fungus n.真菌（复数fungi） ⑱ fungal adj.真菌的 ⑲ version n.说法，描述；版本 ⑳ cybercrime n.网络犯罪 ㉑ firewall n.防火墙 参考译文 植物密语 　　会说话的植物一直是神话传说中的一大元素。在许多种文化中流传下来的故事里，会说话的树给予人们忠告和警示。据说亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗曾在印度见过一棵会说话的树。在一些现代故事——例如电影《阿凡达》中，树可以与人类和动物沟通交流。 　　我们一直认为会说话的植物只存在于幻想之中，但新研究有了令人惊奇的发现：植物间似乎确实可以交流。 　　人们早就知道植物可以利用化学物质进行交流。当一株植物——比如豆科植物——被昆虫袭击时，就会发生这种情况。正遭受啃食的叶子会释放出微量的化学物质，这像是警示，抑或求救：“我被攻击了！”当另一株豆类植物察觉到附近受伤同伴释放的化学物质时，它自身便开始释放不同的化学物质，其中一些能驱赶昆虫，而另一些则会吸引另一种昆虫——黄蜂！黄蜂会杀死那些啃食豆类植物的昆虫。科学家们希望能进一步了解这种植物警报系统，从而将其应用于不用使用农药的农作物的种植。 　　更不可思议的是，植物也能用声音交流。虽然人类听不到，但植物确实正在发出声音。有些植物通过根部发出声响，比如玉米和辣椒。它们还能“听见”其他植物发出的声响。由此，辣椒可以知道自己附近的植物是敌是友。还有些树木在水分不足时会发出咔嗒声，以示干旱就要来了。 　　最令人惊奇的是，植物拥有一套神奇的信息交流系统，几乎可以连接起森林中所有的植物。科学家们称之为“植物万维网”。在某种程度上，它很像人类使用的互联网。互联网是通过电缆和卫星连接的全球计算机网络，而植物万维网则是在地下通过真菌连接而成的。这个真菌网络将不同植物的根彼此连接，通过它，植物可以互相分享信息甚至是食物。比如，某些松树会通过真菌网络向松树幼苗输送养分，帮助它们生长。但是，像互联网一样，植物万维网也会发生“网络犯罪”。植物会偷取同伴的养分，或散播有毒物质攻击其他植物。也许未来某一天，科学家会研究出建造“防火墙”的方法来阻止植物万维网中的这些攻击。 　　科学家们每天都在增进对植物间相互沟通的秘密方式的了解。谁知道呢？说不定哪一天，我们就能足够了解植物沟通的知识，从而亲自和植物“聊天”了。 Ⅰ.词块默写 1.　　　　　　　　　也；又（连接并列结构） 2.　　　　　 与某人交流 3.　　　　　 毕竟；终究 4.　　　　　 微量的 5.　　　　　 把……赶走 Ⅱ.课文原句默写 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 plants use chemicals to communicate with each other. 人们早就知道植物可以利用化学物质进行交流。 2.Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system， 　　　　　　　　. 科学家们希望能进一步了解这种植物报警系统，从而将其应用于不用使用农药的农作物的种植。 3.Perhaps one day scientists will learn 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide web. 也许未来某一天，科学家会研究出建造“防火墙”的方法来阻止植物万维网中的这些攻击。 核心词汇集释 1.root n.根 v.（使）生根，扎根 教材原句　Some plants make noises with their roots.有些植物通过根部发出声响。 【用法】 （1）take root　　　（植物）生根；（思想）植根，深入人心（后常跟介词in） （2）be rooted in 植根于……；由……产生 root out 铲除，清除；彻底解决 root for 支持；为……鼓劲 【佳句】　The educational program took root in the community， providing children with opportunities they had never had before. 该教育项目在社区扎根，为孩子们提供了前所未有的机会。 （活动介绍） 【练透】　用root的相关短语填空 ①It is essential to 　　　　　　　　the cause of the problem to prevent it from recurring. ②Her friends 　　　　　　　　her when she participated in the speech contest. 【写美】　完成句子 ③The tradition of celebrating the harvest festival 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the agricultural history of the region. 庆祝丰收节的传统深深地植根于该地区的农业历史。 （节日介绍） 2.drive ...away 把……赶走 教材原句　Some of these chemicals drive insects away.其中一些化学物质能驱赶昆虫。 【用法】 （1）drive sb crazy/mad　把某人逼得发疯/发狂 drive sb to do sth 迫使某人做某事 drive off 驱车离去；驶去 drive sb home 开车送某人回家 （2）go for a drive 开车去兜风 【点津】 动词drive的过去式和过去分词均为不规则形式，分别为drove和driven。 【练透】　单句语法填空/根据汉语提示填空 ①Her strong sense of social responsibility drove her 　　　 　（start） a charity project. ②The loud noise from the construction site 　　　　　　　　　　　　（把我逼疯）. 【写美】　完成句子 ③He got in his car， started the engine， and 　　　　　　　　　　. 他坐进车里，发动引擎，然后快速驱车离去。 3.link v.把……联系起来；连接 n.联系；关系；链接 教材原句　Most surprisingly of all， plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. 最令人惊奇的是，植物拥有一套神奇的信息交流系统，几乎可以连接起森林中所有的植物。 【用法】 link up　　 联合，连接；使结合；使连接 link up with 与……联合/汇合/碰头 link ...with/to ... 将……和……连接起来 be linked with/to 与……有关 【佳句】　The friends linked arms and walked down the street. 朋友们挽着胳膊沿街行走。 （动作描写） 【联想】 表示“把……与……相联系”还可用connect ...with ...， associate ...with ...等固定搭配来表达。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The software is designed to link 　　　　　various data sources. ②The research institute will link up 　　　　　　a university to conduct a joint study on environmental protection. 【写美】　完成句子 ③Lack of exercise 　　　　　　　　　　　various health problems such as obesity and heart disease. 缺乏锻炼与肥胖、心脏病等各种健康问题有关。 重点句型解构 ◇句型公式：so that引导目的状语从句 教材原句　Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system， so that we can use it to grow crops without pesticides. 科学家们希望能进一步了解这种植物报警系统，从而将其应用于不用使用农药的农作物的种植。 【用法】 （1）so that 引导目的状语从句，意为“为了……，以便……”，从句中常使用can/could/may/might/will/would/should等情态动词； （2）so that引导结果状语从句，意为“以至于；结果”，从句中一般不用情态动词。 【佳句】　The weather was so bad so that the game had to be canceled. 天气太糟糕了，以至于比赛不得不取消。 【写美】　微写作 ①我们应该不断学习新知识，以便我们能拓宽我们的视野，更好地理解这个世界。 （建议信） We should keep learning new knowledge 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and better understand the world. ②雨下得很大，结果街道被淹没了。 It rained heavily 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.Some plants have very long 　　　　　（根） that can reach water sources deep underground. 2.She measured the width of the table with a ruler and found it was 80 　　　　（厘米）. 3.The new bridge will l　　　　　　 the two sides of the river， making transportation much more convenient. Ⅱ.完成句子 1.He saved money every month 　　　　　　　　　　　　（以便他能买一台新电脑）. 2.　　　　　　　　　　 （我突然想起） I had left my keys at home. 3.He hasn’t decided 　　　　　　　　　　（什么时候开始他的旅程）. 提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 5　Section Ⅲ 9 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas 【文本透析·剖语篇】 Pre-reading 　Plants use sunlight， water， and air to make food through photosynthesis — this is how they survive without moving. While-reading 第一步 1.Talking plants　2.chemicals　3.sound 4.the “wood wide web”　5.“talk” with 第二步 1－4　BCBB 第三步 1.时间状语　伴随　宾语 还有些树木在水分不足时会发出咔嗒声，以示干旱就要来了。 2.定语 科学家们每天都在增进对植物间相互沟通的秘密方式的了解。 Post-reading 第一步 As far as I am concerned， it is very important to study this.Because it can not only benefit our human beings a lot but also be good to creatures around us.We can better understand the nature， summarize the law， and promote the harmony between human and nature for a brighter future of the world. 第二步 1.with　2.are being eaten　3.away　4.surprisingly　5.if 6.indicating　7.communication　8.links　9.Using　10.from 【随堂检测·要过关】 Ⅰ.1.as well as　2.communicate with sb　3.after all 4.tiny amounts of　5.drive ...away Ⅱ.1.It has been known for some time that 2.so that we can use it to grow crops without pesticides 3.how to create a “firewall” 【核心知识·巧突破】 核心词汇集释 1.①root out　②rooted for　③is deeply rooted in 2.①to start　②drove me crazy　③drove off quickly 3.①up　②with　③is linked with/to 重点句型解构 ①so that we can broaden our horizons ②so that the streets were flooded 【随堂检测·要过关】 Ⅰ.1.roots　2.centimetres　3.link Ⅱ.1.so that he could buy a new computer 2.It occurred to me that　3.when to start his journey 9 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $