UNIT 5 单元质量检测（五） Revealing nature(教用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

单元质量检测（五）　Revealing nature （满分150分，时间120分钟） 第一部分　听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 　　听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What does the man want to do？（　　） A.Buy a ticket to California. B.Buy some pens. C.Send a package. 2.Where will the speakers have dinner tonight？（　　） A.At the man’s home. B.At a restaurant. C.At Jake’s home. 3.What are the speakers really talking about？（　　） A.The weather. B.Their weekend plan. C.Travel. 4.What does the woman think of medical books？（　　） A.They’re difficult. B.They’re useless. C.They’re boring. 5.Why can’t the man go to the club？（　　） A.He has no time. B.He is too weak. C.He can’t afford it. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What does the woman say about shopping online？（　　） A.It’s reliable. B.It’s convenient. C.It’s unsafe. 7.What is the woman’s last piece of advice？（　　） A.Be sure to write your mailing address correctly. B.Avoid providing personal information. C.Do research to find the best products and prices. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.Why did John miss the class last night？（　　） A.He came back late. B.He was writing a report then. C.He was very tired. 9.What do we know about the man？（　　） A.He is good at learning foreign languages. B.He can talk with his friends in English. C.He had learnt Spanish before he took the class. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10.How many people are working on the project？（　　） A.5.　　 B.6.　　　C.10. 11.When must the project be completed？（　　） A.Before this coming Friday. B.Before next Wednesday. C.Before next Friday. 12.What does the man decide to do？（　　） A.Call his partners for a meeting. B.Complete the project all by himself. C.Stop doing the project. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13.What term does the man want to apply for？（　　） A.Spring semester. B.Autumn semester. C.Winter semester. 14.How is the woman paying for college？（　　） A.By taking a part-time job. B.By borrowing money from a bank. C.By asking her parents for help. 15.What has the woman started to do？（　　） A.Fill out some applications. B.Write some essays. C.Rent a room. 16.What will the woman probably do next？（　　） A.Call her friend. B.Look for a room. C.Give the man a number. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17.What will probably be able to prepare meals before you come home in the future？（　　） A.Smart cooking tools. B.Professional chefs. C.Family robots. 18.What can a refrigerator do in the future？（　　） A.Take note of your daily menus. B.Sort out all the food supplies. C.Contact the local supermarket. 19.How will people probably save electricity in the future homes？（　　） A.By using less time. B.By tracking with their tools. C.By using new kinds of energy. 20.Where can plants and people get clean water from in the future？（　　） A.Wash water and man-made water. B.Bath water and sea water. C.Wash water and bath water. 答案：1－5　CBBCA　6－10　BACBB 11－15　CAABA　　16－20　CACBC 听力材料 （Text 1） M：I’d like to mail this package to California. W：Fill out this form with the required information. You can do this at the side counter. Pens are available there. （Text 2） M：Would you like to join us for dinner tonight， Betty？ W：I’d love to. Where are we going？ M：Oh， Jake made a reservation at a restaurant near my home. （Text 3） W：Do you think the weather will be good this weekend？ M：I heard it might rain. W：That’s a pity. I’d thought about going hiking in the hills. M：Well， we can go to that new art gallery instead. （Text 4） M：This book is really interesting. I’ve enjoyed it very much. W：What is it？ Is it a novel？ M：No， it’s a medical book. It’s been very popular recently， even though there’s obviously boring subject matter. W：Really？ I don’t think I’d enjoy anything on such a boring topic， even if it is useful. I much prefer science fiction， especially about what life might be like in the future. （Text 5） M：Hey， you look great！ How did you get in such good shape？ W：I’ve been going to the club regularly， and the training has really paid off. I’m in better shape than I have been for years and I know much more about how to keep fit. M：I haven’t gone to the club for weeks. I am too busy with work. W：I know. It’s so easy to be too busy for exercise， but I’ve realized that exercise is extremely important to every other aspect of life. （Text 6） M：Do you often shop online？ W：Oh， yes， quite often. It is very convenient， and it saves me a lot of time. M：You know， I’ve never tried online shopping before. I’d like to try， but I’m a bit nervous I’ll make a mistake. W：Ah， you are talking to the right person. If you keep two very important tips in mind， you’ll be fine. First， visit more than one site to find the best products and prices. I can tell you some of the best online shops. Second， when you finally place your order， be sure to write your mailing address and phone number correctly， or you might not receive your delivery on time. M：So what do I do if I want to buy something？ W：You just need to provide your name， mailing address， e-mail address， phone number and bank card information. I can help you with that. M：Oh， thank you！ That is so nice of you. （Text 7） W：Why weren’t you at the Spanish class last night， Jack？ Have you decided to give up？ M：No. I came back late yesterday and found John asleep in his chair. He’d been writing a report all day long and he was too tired to go out again. So we gave the lesson a miss. W：You’ve missed quite a lot of lessons recently， haven’t you？ Are you losing interest？ M：Yes， I’m afraid so. Neither I nor John has a gift for language. People just laugh at us when we attempt to speak Spanish. How did you and Jane pick it up so quickly and easily？ You’ve been in Spain for hardly a month. W：It wasn’t all that quick. We’d both studied the language before we came， and we needed a lot of review before we came back. M：Anyway， all our friends here speak English very well， so we don’t really need to learn Spanish. （Text 8） M：I am having trouble with my job. Five of my colleagues and I have been working on a project since last Wednesday. W：Is the project too hard？ M：No， it’s not all that hard but no one is working together on it. W：So your group is having a problem with teamwork. M：Yes. We have to finish it before next Friday， only ten days from now. W：Is there anyone in charge of the team？ M：No. Everyone is just doing their own separate work. W：If your group doesn’t come together， then no one will know what has been done and what still needs to be done. M：But how do I get them to work together？ W：If your group does not have a leader， then you should step up and be one. M：How do I do that？ W：You should call everyone together for a meeting. M：And then what should I do when I have them all together？ W：Let them know that this project is important， and so is working as a team to get it done. M：Thank you for the advice. I will call everybody now and tell them we are going to have a meeting in the morning. （Text 9） W：Hi there！ What have you been up to lately？ M：I have been looking for a university to apply to. W：Really？ So have I！ M：Cool！ What term will you apply for？ W：For the fall semester. How about you？ M：I’ll apply for the spring semester. I need to work and earn some money in the next six months. W：Yeah， college can be very expensive. M：How are you paying for college？ W：I am getting help from a bank. M：That’s cool. So have you started filling out any university applications？ W：Yes， I have. The applications take a while！ M：They do， especially all those essays. W：Yes， those are hard. I’m not really sure what to write about. M：I’m glad I’m not applying until the spring， so I have more time to prepare. W：Yeah， you’re lucky you have more time. So do you plan to rent a room near the university you go to？ M：Yes， I plan to rent a room near the university and find a roommate to share the cost， so I can save some money. W：Oh， really？ My friend Jack wants to do that too. If you’re in the same area， perhaps you could rent a place with him. M：Oh， that’s wonderful！ Could I get his contact information from you？ W：Sure. I’ll give you his phone number right now. M：Thanks！ （Text 10） 　　Future homes will have some really smart cooking tools. Microwave ovens and refrigerators will probably be combined， so that meals can be ready upon one’s arrival home. 　　Future homes may also have refrigerators that can suggest menus based upon the food you have at home. In the home of the future， the refrigerator will probably also be able to take note of all food supplies in the home and inform you when you’re running out， or even be programmed to contact the local supermarket to drop off the needed food supplies. 　　Future homes will also be very energy-saving. Microsoft， Google and others are now working on applications to help you see and track which tools use the most electricity， helping you save electricity and thus your daily expenses. 　　There will most likely also be systems in place for saving and reusing wash water and bath water， which will probably have to be the main origin of future water， so that both plants and people can still have clean water in the future， when water supplies are low. 第二部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Across North Wales， Retracing Charles Darwin’s Footprints 　　Uncover the best of Wales as you explore the dramatic landscapes of Eryri （Snowdonia） National Park and discover the story of Charles Darwin’s 1831 and 1842 tours of Wales. 　　DAY 1： SHREWSBURY—DARWIN’S HOMETOWN 　　Your journey begins in the welcoming town of Shrewsbury， England， where you will meet at Darwin’s Townhouse， which will be your hotel for the night.Named after and dedicated to the man himself， this charming hotel is the perfect springboard for your journey into Wales. 　　DAY 2： INTO WALES—ON DARWIN’S TRAIL 　　Enjoy breakfast in Shrewsbury before crossing into Wales and following Darwin’s route through the Clwydian Range.On the way， stop off at a number of sites where Darwin was taught to “read the rocks and landscapes” by geologist Adam Sedgewick.Rounding off the day， you will travel through Gwydir Forest Park to reach your accommodation for the next few days， Ty’n Rhos.This comfortable， 19-bedroom country house hotel is the ideal place to unwind after the day’s hiking. 　　DAY 3： CWM IDWAL—MOUNTAINS， VALLEYS AND LAKES 　　Heading out from Ty’n Rhos， the morning’s drive will take you to the Cwm Idwal， the very first Welsh National Nature Reserve， and an important site in Charles Darwin’s scientific life.With its own plant life and distinctive， fossil-filled boulders （巨石）， Cwm Idwal helped to spark Darwin’s understanding of rock movements. 　　DAY 4： ANGLESEY—INTO THE UNKNOWN 　　Today you will be exploring what is now considered part of Darwin’s first tour.No official records show that Darwin visited the Isle of Anglesey， but a research has uncovered plenty of evidence to suggest that he accompanied Cambridge professor Adam Sedgwick to the island. 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一趟追寻达尔文足迹的北威尔士之旅。 21.What is the primary intention of the journey？（　　） A.Uncover mysteries of national parks. B.Promoting Charles Darwin’s discoveries. C.Visiting some landmarks in north Wales. D.Following Charles Darwin’s scientific tours. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章标题以及文中多次提及追寻达尔文1831年和1842年在威尔士的旅行路线可知，这次旅行的主要目的是追随查尔斯·达尔文的科学之旅。 22.Why is Cwm Idwal important in Charles Darwin’s scientific life？（　　） A.It inspired his insights into geology. B.It was where he first studied animals. C.It was a site for his botanical research. D.It helped to prove his theory of evolution. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据DAY 3部分中的第二句可知，Cwm Idwal 独特的植物生命和满是化石的巨石激发了达尔文对岩石运动的理解，也就是激发了他对地质学的见解。 23.What can we learn about Adam Sedgewick？（　　） A.He employed Darwin to work in his company. B.He was the first to explore the Isle of Anglesey. C.He uncovered plenty of evidence to support Darwin. D.He played an important role in Darwin’s scientific life. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据DAY 2部分中的第二句和DAY 4部分中的第二句可知，达尔文曾陪亚当·塞奇威克前往安格尔西岛，并且受过他在地质学方面的教导。由此可知，亚当·塞奇威克在达尔文的科学生涯中扮演了重要的角色。 B 　　Jane Seymour， co-founder of the Open Hearts Foundation， has always been inspired by her mother’s advice — that love has no boundaries and flows unconditionally.That advice originated from Jane’s mother’s experience as a survivor of World War Ⅱ.She survived three and a half horrific years by caring for soldiers who were far worse off than she was.Focusing her energy on serving others under the most difficult circumstances was the only way she survived. 　　Jane was greatly impacted by her mother’s story.When faced with her own personal challenges — losing her home and being nearly broke — Jane used her last bit of money to have an artist draw her children.At her home， the artist saw some of Jane’s paintings， and offered her free art lessons.It was then that she discovered her unique talent for art， which led to a series of positive influences in her life， including a new career， new passions， and the inspiration for the Open Hearts Value. 　　Every time Jane painted a heart， it was open， and when there were two or more， they were always connected.This distinctive image represents the Open Hearts Value， and was the beginning of her journey to encourage people to turn their personal challenges into an opportunity to help others. 　　When Signet Jewelers， the world’s largest retailer （零售商） of diamond jewelry， learned of this story， they approached her about creating a line of jewelry with the Open Hearts symbol.That business partnership sold billions of dollars of jewelry and started the charitable beginning of the Open Hearts Foundation.Jane’s vision was to create a foundation that encouraged people to help others and provided immediate funding to small， new charities that shared the same values. 　　What started as a cause marketing campaign has grown into a movement of like-minded people working together for the greater good.Over sixty charities have been supported by the Foundation and thousands of volunteers have been inspired to do what they can to help others through virtual and in-person volunteer experiences. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jane Seymour受母亲无私爱心的启发，创立了Open Hearts Foundation，通过艺术和珠宝公司合作，鼓励人们克服个人挑战去帮助他人，最终形成了一股积极向上的社会力量。 24.What made Jane’s mother survive World War Ⅱ？（　　） A.Her unconditional love to others. B.Support from the soldiers she helped. C.Her willpower and determination to win. D.Energy to face any strange circumstances. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句可知，简的母亲在二战中通过照顾那些比她处境更糟糕的士兵，在艰难处境下把精力放在服务他人上才得以幸存，这体现的是她对他人无条件的爱。 25.Which image best suits the logo of the Open Hearts Foundation？（　　） A. 　　 B. C.　 D. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，每次Jane画一个心形，它都是开放的，当有两个或更多时，它们总是相连的。由此可知，心形图案是开放且相连的，描述与B项图案相符合。 26.What was the original intention of Signet Jewelers？（　　） A.To start small charities directly. B.To promote a new jewelry line. C.To set up a company with retailers. D.To share the same value with Jane. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，Signet Jewelers最初的意图是利用这个故事推广新的珠宝系列。 27.Which best describes the Foundation according to the last paragraph？（　　） A.Struggling.　 B.Profitable. C.Fruitful.　 D.Disorganized. 解析：C　推理判断题。最后一段提到：基金会支持了众多慈善机构，还激励了大量志愿者参与帮助他人，充分体现出基金会取得了很多成果，非常有成效。Fruitful意为“富有成效的，成果丰硕的”。 C 　　Growing crops in piling rows indoors under controllable artificial lights can produce more food per square foot while using less land and water than traditional outdoor farms.But this vertical farming technique is also energy intensive and expensive.Researchers are now finding that adjusting light to cater to the unique requirements of each crop can promote stronger， healthier growth and simultaneously cut down on energy use. 　　Researchers have developed a computer program that can control lighting to better both photosynthesis （光合作用） and electric bills.The computer program adjusts the intensity of grow lights hourly based on the changing cost of electricity. 　　This “smart lighting” could potentially cut vertical farms’ electricity costs by up to 12 per cent， says Leo Marcelis， leader of the research team.Such savings could lead to tens of thousands of dollars in annual cost reductions， backed by data from the 2021 Global CEA Census Report — a survey of the indoor and controlled environment agriculture industry. 　　But how might indoor crops grow well under dynamic lighting？ Marcelis and his colleagues tested how leafy greens reacted to light patterns that changed hourly.Plants were exposed to varying light intensities： one group of plants grew under high-then-low intensity lighting intervals （间隔）， while another enjoyed brighter mornings and dimmer afternoons.Interestingly， both conditions resulted in leaves and mature weights similar to those grown under standard fixed lighting. 　　While the new program operated without predetermined lighting conditions， Marcelis indicates there is potential for reducing electricity costs.Continued research that tests dynamic lighting on larger scales is needed， as the research was carried out at the single-plant level， but not yet at the whole crop stand level， mentioned Marcelis.He also cautions against expecting immediate benefits from dynamic lighting for vertical farming.Other critical issues remain to be resolved before vertical farming can help feed the world. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了垂直农业的相关信息，包括其优缺点、开发智能照明计算机程序以解决能源成本问题，以及室内作物对不同照明条件的反应研究结果。 28.What is a disadvantage of vertical farming？（　　） A.Cost-effective. B.Labor-intensive. C.Energy-consuming. D.Technically-challenging. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，垂直农业技术的缺点是能源消耗大且成本高。 29.What influences the adjustments of grow light intensity？（　　） A.Variations in power costs. B.Growth stages of the crops. C.Outdoor lighting conditions. D.Changing electricity supplies. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，计算机程序每小时根据不断变化的电费成本调整种植灯的强度，即电费成本的变化影响种植灯强度的调整。 30.What did researchers find about indoor crops？（　　） A.They grow better under fixed lighting. B.They remain uninfluenced by sunlight. C.They output more under dynamic lighting. D.They react similarly to varying light patterns. 解析：D　细节理解题。第四段提到：室内作物在不同的光照模式下（一组是高低强度光照间隔，另一组是上午亮下午暗），叶子和成熟重量与在标准固定光照下相似，即它们对不同光照模式的反应相似。 31.What may Marcelis agree with？（　　） A.There are still some limitations in the research. B.The new program helps save on electricity bills. C.Vertical farming will be a major trend in the future. D.Dynamic lighting is a useful way to get rid of hunger. 解析：A　推理判断题。最后一段提到：研究目前只在单株植物层面进行，还需要在更大规模上测试动态照明，且不能期望垂直农业立即从动态照明中受益，即研究仍存在一些局限性。 D 　　An Israeli study has indicated plants make noise a bit when they are stressed from a lack of water or having their stems （茎） cut.The sounds are about the same volume （音量） as normal human conversation.However， the pitch （音高） is too high for people to hear. 　　The researchers believe insects， other mammals and maybe even other plants can probably hear the sound of the stressed plants.“Even in a quiet field， there are actually sounds we don’t hear， and those sounds carry information，” said Lilach Hadany， a professor from Tel Aviv University.“Some animals can hear these sounds， so there is a possibility that a lot of interaction is occurring.” 　　The researchers used microphones to record healthy and stressed tomato plants， and trained a machine learning algorithm （算法） to distinguish between unstressed plants， thirsty plants and cut plants.They found that stressed plants give out more sounds than unstressed ones.The sounds from stressed plants were like pops or clicks. 　　The study， published in the journal Cell， found thirsty plants began making noise before they visibly dehydrated， and the frequency of sounds reached the highest after five days with no water， before decreasing again as the plants dried up completely.Hadany said happy plants were found to make far fewer sounds.When tomato plants were not stressed at all， they were very quiet. 　　The study also found sound recordings of plants could be useful in agriculture to ensure crops get enough water and distribute water where it was needed most. 　　However， it’s unclear why plants produce these sounds and who might be listening.Professor Hadany said， “We are currently investigating the responses of other organisms， both animals and plants， to these sounds， and we’re also exploring our ability to identify and interpret the sounds in completely natural environments.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，植物在缺水或茎被切断等压力情况下会发出声音，并探讨了这些声音的潜在听众和意义。 32.In which of the following situation might plants make sounds？（　　） A.When they are played music. B.When their stems are broken. C.When they are enjoying sunlight. D.When they are offered shelter. 解析：B　细节理解题。 根据第一段第一句可知，当植物缺水或者茎被切断时会发出声音。 33.What is the closest meaning of the underlined word “dehydrated” in paragraph 4？（　　） A.Dried out.　 B.Given out. C.Put out.　 D.Laid out. 解析：A　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文可知，五天不给水后，声音的频率达到最高，然后随着植物完全干燥而再次下降。由此可推知，口渴的植物在明显脱水之前就开始发出噪音，故画线词与dried out（变干，干涸）意义相近。 34.What is the main focus of Professor Hadany’s present research？（　　） A.Making plants produce louder sounds and apply them to practice. B.Understanding why plants make sounds and the potential listeners. C.Updating the knowledge of plants to humans and promoting learning. D.Developing a new machine learning algorithm to record plant sounds. 解析：B　推理判断题。 根据最后一段第一句可知，目前尚不清楚植物为什么会发出这些声音以及谁会听到这些声音。由此可推知，Hadiany教授目前的研究重点是理解为什么植物会发出声音以及可能的听众。 35.What is the best title for this passage？（　　） A.How Plants Talk with Each Other B.Plant Sounds： An Unexplored Field C.Uncovering the Secrets of Plant Noises D.The Sounds of Plants under Stress and Beyond 解析：D　标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讨论了植物在压力下发出的声音及其潜在意义，故D项（处在压力下和摆脱压力的植物的声音）可作为文章最佳标题。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 　　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 　　Growing a garden is great fun.Flowers bring color and sweet smells into our lives.Home-grown carrots and tomatoes are delicious.Whether your garden takes up a corner of your yard， or a corner of a windowsill （窗台）， it’s easy to be successful by following a few simple guidelines. 　　36.（　　） Look around your house， yard， or apartment.Think carefully about the space available， as well as the time and effort you want to devote to your project. 　　Plants need soil， sunshine， and water.37.（　　） If you are planting a garden in a corner of your yard， choose a spot that gets lots of morning sun.If you live in an apartment， you might decide to place your container garden on a sunny spot on your balcony or windowsill. 　　Once you have determined the size of your garden， you are ready to choose what to plant.38.（　　） When choosing plants， consider the size and location of your garden and how much sun it will get.Sunflowers need lots of room and sunlight.Other plants do well in the shade （阴凉处）.39.（　　） 　　After you have decided on your favorite flowers or vegetables， the next step is to make a budget.Make a list of everything you will need， including seeds （种子）， soil， containers， and tools. 　　When everything is ready， it is time to plant！ 40.（　　） Plants usually come with a label which includes instructions on care.Water constantly to keep young plants and seeds slightly wet， especially if you live in a hot climate.If you plan carefully， choose the right plants， and take good care of them， you are sure to have a garden everyone will enjoy. A.Plants can’t live without sun or water. B.They are in great need of care as well. C.There are different kinds of pots to choose from. D.Decide whether you want flowers， vegetables， or both. E.To begin， determine what size garden works best for you. F.When using packaged seeds， follow the directions on the package. G.If you are not sure what to plant， look for books about gardens at the library. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何成功地种植花园，给出了一些简单的指导方针。 36.E　该空位于段首，起着统领全段的作用。下文提到要留意房子、院子或公寓周围，思考可用空间以及投入的时间和精力，这些都是在确定花园规模时的考量因素，E项（首先，确定多大规模的花园最适合你）符合语境。 37.B　上文指出植物需要土壤、阳光和水，B项（它们也非常需要照料） 进一步说明除了基本生存条件，还需要照料。下文对植物精心照顾举例说明。 38.D　上文说确定花园规模后就准备选择种植的东西，D项（决定你想要种花卉、蔬菜，还是两者都种）符合语境，具体阐述了选择种植对象时面临的选择。 39.G　上文提到选择植物要考虑花园的大小、位置和光照等因素，还列举了向日葵和适合阴凉处生长的植物。G项（如果你不确定种什么，可以去图书馆找关于园艺的书籍）符合语境，针对不确定种植何种植物的情况，给出了获取相关信息的途径。 40.F　下文提到植物通常带有包含养护说明的标签，F项（使用包装好的种子时，要按照包装上的说明操作）符合语境，与下文相呼应。 第三部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 　　阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 　　Would you drive around the world on a motorbike？ Would you do it with a dog 　41　 behind you the whole way？ Shirley is doing just that with her dog Merlin. 　　Shirley and Merlin are travelling the world together by 　42　.Their trip started in March from their home in Guatemala and will 　43　 them through 90 countries. 　　Merlin is a German shepherd dog who weighs 34 kilograms and is perfectly 　44　 on the back of a motorcycle.According to Shirley， it took the dog just a single weekend to learn how to 　45　.Sitting on the back of the bike in a motorcycle dog carrier， she looks 　46　 with hot pink goggles（护目镜）to protect her eyes. 　　Shirley could not 　47　 leaving home without her beloved dog， so she decided to travel the world with Merlin.Travelling with a dog， 　48　， has its limits， such as only being 　49　 by dog-friendly accommodations and attractions. 　　But according to Shirley， it’s totally 　50　.“I see Merlin in my mirror 　51　.Her head is always right up against my side.Sometimes she even 　52　 her big nose on my shoulder with her chin up there.It makes me feel so 　53　 that she’s really experiencing everything.” 　　One thing Shirley has noticed so far is that no matter which country or area they have gone through， the local people’s reaction to Merlin is 　54　.“She just puts a big smile on everybody’s face，” Shirley said.“And that’s the part that really 　55　.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Shirley和她的狗Merlin一起骑摩托车环游世界的故事。 41. A.walking　 B.sitting C.chasing　 D.running 解析：B　根据上文Would you drive around the world on a motorbike？可知，带着狗旅行，狗坐在摩托车后面。 42. A.truck　 B.bicycle C.car　 D.motorcycle 解析：D　根据上文可知，Shirley和Merlin骑摩托车环游世界。 43. A.send　 B.cost C.take　 D.make 解析：C　根据语境可知，这次旅程将带她们穿越90个国家。 44. A.natural　 B.busy C.awkward　 D.comfortable 解析：D　根据perfectly可知，狗在后座上非常舒服。 45. A.ride　 B.behave C.compete　 D.perform 解析：A　上文说狗坐在摩托车后座，这里指狗花了一个周末学会如何坐在后座上。 46. A.grateful　 B.stylish C.curious　 D.cautious 解析：B　根据with hot pink goggles （护目镜）可知，狗看起来很时髦。 47. A.avoid　 B.consider C.imagine　 D.miss 解析：C　根据so she decided to travel the world with Merlin可知，Shirley无法想象离开家不带着她心爱的狗。 48. A.moreover　 B.therefore C.however　 D.instead 解析：C　上文说Shirley决定带狗一起旅行，下文提到带狗旅行有局限性，前后是转折关系。 49. A.applied　 B.accepted C.declined　 D.refused 解析：B　根据has its limits可知，带狗旅行只能被对狗友好的住宿和景点所接受。 50. A.worthwhile　 B.relevant C.precious　 D.harmonious 解析：A　根据下文It makes me feel so 　53　 that she’s really experiencing everything.可知，Shirley觉得这是值得的。 51. A.finally　 B.obviously C.eventually　 D.frequently 解析：D　根据Her head is always right up against my side.可知，Shirley经常能在后视镜里看到Merlin。 52. A.rests　 B.picks C.sets　 D.turns 解析：A　根据her big nose on my shoulder可知，狗鼻子靠在Shirley肩膀上。 53. A.confused　 B.surprised C.upset　 D.happy 解析：D　根据语境可知，Shirley看到狗能一起体验一切，感觉很开心。 54. A.important　 B.universal C.normal　 D.crazy 解析：B　根据She just puts a big smile on everybody’s face可知，人们对Merlin的反应都是普遍存在的。 55. A.improves　 B.challenges C.matters　 D.works 解析：C　根据上文She just puts a big smile on everybody’s face可知，狗让大家都很开心，这才是真正重要的（matters）部分。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 　　阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 　　As summer turns to autumn， the leaves of many trees turn yellow and fall， 56.　　 some trees hold onto their leaves straight through until spring.Scientists describe trees with this unusual quality as marcescent （凋而不落的）. 　　Deciduous （落叶的） trees， such as maple， carry out the familiar 57.　　 （season） cycle.New leaves bud in spring， mature through summer， and then die in the autumn and fall.Think of marcescent trees 58.　　 a special case of deciduous trees — one that skips that last step.Rather than dropping immediately， the leaves of a marcescent tree hang on until wind 59.　　 （eventual） knocks them down. 　　We see 60.　　 （example） of marcescence in trees， such as some willows and beech trees.As fall approaches， the leaves of a beech tree die.Then they cling to their branch tip and rattle in the cold wind all winter long. 　　The reason for this odd plant 61.　　 （behave） remains unclear.But scientists have theories.Marcescence may help protect against hungry herbivores （食草动物）， for example， deer.During winter， food is scarce and hungry deer eat new branches of young trees.The unappetizing dead leaves of marcescent trees may stop deer 62.　　 （damage） the trees.Another theory is that dead leaves provide a physical barrier that the deer must eat up the dead leaves 63.　　 （reach） the juicy new growth underneath. 　　In addition， studies suggest that marcescence helps control how quickly those leaves break down， 64.　　 may in turn affect the rate at which nutrients are returned to the soil.Therefore， marcescence 65.　　 （play） a significant role in nutrient cycling within ecosystems. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些树是凋而不落的，这在生态系统内的养分循环中起着重要作用。 56.but/while　考查连词。上文提到多数树的叶子在夏秋交替时变黄掉落，下文说有些树的叶子会一直保留到春天，前后形成对比转折关系，故填连词 but或 while。 57.seasonal　考查形容词。cycle 为名词，用形容词修饰，表示 “季节的”。故填seasonal。 58.as　考查介词。think of ...as ...意为“把……看作……”。故填as。 59.eventually　考查副词。修饰动词 knocks，应用副词。故填eventually。 60.examples　考查名词复数。example是可数名词，根据后面some willows and beech trees可知，这里指的是多个例子，用复数形式。 61.behavior　考查名词。空处作介词for的宾语，应用名词。故填behavior。 62.damaging　考查非谓语动词。stop sb/sth doing sth意为“阻止某人/某物做某事”。故填damaging。 63.to reach　考查非谓语动词。此处表示鹿必须吃掉枯叶才能吃到下面多汁的新叶，表目的，用动词不定式。故填to reach。 64.which　考查定语从句。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。 65.plays　考查时态和主谓一致。文章整体时态为一般现在时，此句主语 marcescence 为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，表示凋而不落现象在生态系统的养分循环中起着重要作用，故填 plays。 第四部分　写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 　　假定你是李华。你校上周组织学生去当地公园开展研学活动（field trip），了解当地的环保状况。请你为校学生英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 　　（1）活动的具体内容；（2）发现与感受。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式作答。 A Field Trip 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考范文： A Field Trip 　　Last week， a field trip to the local park was organized by our school to help students learn more about our local environment protection. 　　When arriving at the park， the students were divided into several groups and assigned different tasks.Some students were told to take water samples from the lake， while other students went to observe the local species.After a whole day’s work， they found both the water and the local species were in good condition. 　　Tired as all the students felt， they thought it worthwhile. 第二节（满分25分） 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　There was a little boy named Johnson， who lived with his father in their attractive little cottage near a forest.They didn’t have much but were content with the little they had.Every day after he came home from school， Johnson would accompany his father to the forest to collect firewood. 　　One day， when Johnson was in the forest collecting wood， he came across a puppy which seemed to be all alone.Johnson looked here and there for his owner but in vain.So he picked him up， put him under his shirt and carried him home.Having reached home， he said to his father， “Dad， I found a little puppy alone in the forest！ Can we keep him， please？” Feeling Johnson’s happiness， his father couldn’t decide whether to keep the puppy or not at the time.He told him， “Oh， Johnson， that’s the cutest puppy I’ve ever seen！ But we don’t have much.What will we do about his food and sleeping arrangement？” Johnson replied， “It’s OK.I’ll give him half of my meals and let him sleep with me in my bedroom.” Hearing this， Johnson’s father just nodded.Johnson was wild with joy， and he named the puppy Rigo. 　　From that day onwards， Johnson and Rigo became the best friends.Rigo followed Johnson wherever he went.When Johnson went to school， Rigo would patiently wait outside the classroom till the classes ended.At night， Rigo slept next to Johnson on his tiny bed and dreamed sweet dreams. 　　On one particular day， Rigo was sick， unable to follow Johnson so he stayed at home.That day it rained heavily， and the roads everywhere turned slippery.On his way home， Johnson was trying to reach home as soon as possible as he imagined Rigor waiting for him and keeping him warm.Unfortunately， Johnson missed seeing a hole at the side of the road and fell down the hole！ He cried for help hoping to be heard by passers-by.But due to the loud thundering and noise of the heavy rain， no one heard him. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 　　Johnson was trapped in the hole， not knowing whether he could be rescued.　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　Dad patted Rigo’s head， saying in a soft tone， “You’re each other’s heroes.It is your kindness that saved you.”　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考范文： 　　Johnson was trapped in the hole， not knowing whether he could be rescued.Johnson’s father called the neighbors， and they formed a search party to find Johnson.Rigo also joined.He went sniffing everywhere， coming closer to the hole， barking and running around the hole anxiously.His behavior drew the search party’s attention and then they found Johnson sitting and shivering in the darkness， wet and cold.Some people comforted Johnson gently while others fetched a rope quickly and dropped it down to Johnson.He held onto one end and then they pulled him up.Johnson was saved. 　　Dad patted Rigo’s head， saying in a soft tone， “You’re each other’s heroes.It is your kindness that saved you.” Hearing dad’s words， Johnson， who was still in fear and panic， held Rigo tightly to show his gratitude to the dog’s rescue as well as his own kindness.If it hadn’t been for Rigo， he couldn’t imagine what could have happened to him.After Johnson fully recovered， Rigo again went to school with Johnson as a companion and shared the bed with Johnson， lost in sweet dreams. 19 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $