UNIT 1 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(教用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

本讲义围绕“幽默与医疗小丑”主题，构建从主题引入到语言应用的学习支架。Pre-reading通过图片识别喜剧形式激活背景知识，While-reading分“析架构、知细节、析难句”三步深化课文理解，Post-reading结合讨论与语法填空巩固输出，辅以核心词汇（如amuse、cheer up）和重点句型（强调句）的系统讲解。 该资料以“欢笑的积极作用”为线索，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。通过“拓思维品质提升”环节的开放性问题（如设计医疗小丑活动），引导学生分析与创造；课文主题展现西方医疗人文关怀，渗透文化意识。课中分步骤阅读活动助力教师引导学生深度理解，课后词块默写、语法填空等练习帮助学生查漏补缺，强化语言应用能力。

1.A day without laughter is a day wasted. —Charlie Chaplin 没有笑声的一天就是浪费的一天。 ——查理·卓别林 2.Humor is mankind’s greatest blessing. —Mark Twain 幽默是人类最大的祝福。 ——马克·吐温 3.Laughter is the shortest distance between two people. —Victor Borge 笑声是人与人之间最短的距离。 ——维克多·博尔格 4.The most wasted of days is one without laughter. —E.E.Cummings 最浪费的日子是没有笑声的日子。 ——E.E.卡明斯 Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas Pre-reading 　　 Before reading the passage， answer the following question. 　What forms of comedy show are the following pictures？ 　Stage plays with sitcom， stand-up， happy endings and comedy acts with clowns.　 While-reading 第一步：析架构理清脉络 Skim the passage and fill in the blanks. 　　 第二步：知细节明察秋毫 Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1.What does paragraph 1 mainly talk about？（　　） A.What a clown doctor looks like. B.What kinds of patients visit the hospital. C.The reasons why children cry in hospital. D.The daily scene of the waiting area in the hospital. 2.Why did the author choose to be a clown doctor？（　　） A.He performed magic tricks well. B.He wanted to work closely with doctors. C.He enjoyed wearing a curly rainbow wig. D.He had a bad experience in hospital as a child. 3.What is clown doctors’ main responsibility？（　　） A.Treating minor injuries. B.Entertaining people in hospitals. C.Assisting nurses with daily tasks. D.Updating patients’ health conditions. 4.Why do clown doctors have to be sensitive？ （　　） A.To relax patients’ family. B.To follow strict hospital rules. C.To meet the special needs of children. D.To avoid cultural misunderstandings. 答案：1－4　DDBC 第三步：析难句表达升级 　Although she is clearly still in some pain，her scared and anxious look has been replaced — first by a small smile，and then by loud laughter as I “magically” produce her sock from out of my pocket. 句式分析：本句为复合句。her scared and anxious look has been replaced — first by a small smile，and then by loud laughter是　主句　；Although引导　让步状语　从句；as引导　原因状语　从句。 自主翻译：　尽管她显然仍有一些痛苦，但她恐惧和焦虑的表情已经不见了：先是一个小小的微笑，接着变成了大笑——因为我“魔术般地”从我的口袋里变出了她的一只袜子。　 Post-reading 第一步：拓思维品质提升 Discuss the following question with your partner. 　If you work as part of the programme “hospital clowning”， what will you do？ 　I will try my best to entertain the patients who come to the hospital.After all， helping others is a kind of contribution to the society.　 第二步：课文语法填空 　　After entering the hospital and 1.　wearing　 （wear） my white coat， I put on my curly rainbow wig， big red nose， and add my name badge.I walk through the doors into the waiting area， 2.　which　 is filled with a familiar tense atmosphere.Having learnt about a girl named Lara who hurt her ankle， I decide 3.　to make　 （make） her feel better. 　　Because of my painful hospital experience as a kid， I chose to be a 4.　specially　 （special） trained clown doctor as part of a programme 5.　known　 （know） as “hospital clowning”.Clown doctors like me work together with medical professionals.On a 6.　typical　 （type） day， we spend our time cheering 7.　up　 patients， their families， and more often than not， the hospital staff， too！ 8.　It　 is essential for us to be sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses. 　　While the doctor concentrates on Lara’s 9.　examination　 （examine）， I get her attention by doing a magic trick.Her scared and anxious look is replaced by loud laughter.While there might be more hospital visits ahead for Lara and others， I hope that clown doctors help make it a 10.　friendlier　 （friendly） place to visit than before. The Best Medicine 　　As I approach① the hospital wearing my white coat， I look just like any other doctor.That is until I put on② my curly rainbow wig③ ， big red nose， and add my name badge④ “Doctor Larry Laugh-Out-Loud⑤”.[1]I walk through the doors into the waiting area， where there’s a familiar atmosphere⑥ of boredom and tension⑦.[2]People sit uncomfortably⑧ on plastic chairs， looking through old magazines， all of which have been read hundreds of⑨ times previously.Anxious parents do what they can to comfort⑩ nervous and crying children. 　　[1]本句为复合句。where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 the waiting area。 　　[2]主句谓语是sit，动词-ing短语looking through old magazines作伴随状语，all of which引导非限制性定语从句。 　　[3]In the middle of this particular scene I spot⑪ a small girl whose ankle⑫ is twice its normal size.I speak with the on-duty nurse⑬， who tells me that Lara’s parents rushed⑭ her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle.Since getting here， Lara has spent her time crying in pain⑮.[4]Although it’s the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury⑯， it’s my job to make her feel better. 　　[3]whose引导限制性定语从句，句型结构是“主语A＋be＋倍数＋B的形容词性物主代词＋size/length/ ...”， 意为“A是B的几倍大/长/……”。 　　[4]Although引导让步状语从句，从句使用了强调句：It is/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋句子其他成分。 　　Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better， which means clown doctors⑰ can be helpful.We are specially trained clowns who work as part of a programme known as “hospital clowning⑱”.I chose this career because of my experience of going to hospital when I was a kid.Although the doctors and nurses did a great job⑲， hospitals weren’t really designed for⑳ children.I spent much of the time when I was there feeling frightened and more than㉑ a little bored！ Being a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining㉒ them. 　　Visiting hospitals and other health care facilities㉓， we clown doctors work together with medical professionals㉔.On a typical day， we spend our time cheering up㉕ patients， their families， and more often than not㉖， the hospital staff， too！ We do this by doing magic tricks， singing songs， telling stories and， of course， telling silly jokes.Some children， though， don’t feel like laughing， especially if they’re in pain.We have to be very sensitive and work closely with㉗ the doctors and nurses， who keep us updated on each patient. 　　And my magic medicine does㉘ indeed seem to do the trick㉙.While the doctor concentrates on㉚ examining㉛ Lara’s ankle， I get her attention by doing a magic trick.Although she is clearly still in some pain， her scared and anxious look has been replaced — first by a small smile， and then by loud laughter as I “magically” produce her sock from out of my pocket.[5]Seeing their daughter so much happier has in turn made Lara’s parents more relaxed. 　　[5]本句句型：主语＋make＋宾语＋宾语补足语； Seeing their daughter so much happier是动词-ing形式作主语。 　　And as for me？ Well， when I take off㉜ my wig and my red nose， I’m still wearing㉝ a big smile， as I remember all the fun and laughter of the day.[6]While there might be more hospital visits ahead for Lara and others， I hope that clown doctors help make it a friendlier place to visit.After all， it really is true that “laughter is the best medicine”. 　　[6]While 引导让步状语从句，that引导宾语从句，make it a friendlier place to visit为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，to visit为动词不定式作后置定语。 ①approach n.& v.靠近，接近 ②put on戴，穿 ③curly rainbow wig卷曲的彩虹色假发 ④badge n.徽章 ⑤Doctor Larry Laugh-Out-Loud拉里·笑哈哈医生 ⑥atmosphere n.气氛；大气 ⑦boredom and tension无聊和紧张 ⑧uncomfortably adv.不舒服地；令人不安地 uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；令人不安的 ⑨hundreds of数百的 ⑩do what sb can to comfort尽力安慰 ⑪spot vt.发现，注意到，看出 n.斑点；地点 ⑫ankle n.脚踝 ⑬on-duty nurse值班护士 ⑭rush vt.速送 vi.冲，奔跑 rush sb to someplace速送某人到某地 ⑮in pain疼痛地 ⑯injury n.受伤处 injure vt.损害，伤害 ⑰clown doctor小丑医生 ⑱hospital clowning 医疗小丑 ⑲do a great job 做得很好 ⑳be designed for 旨在……；为……而设计 ㉑more than多于；不仅仅；非常 ㉒entertain v.使快乐 entertainment n.娱乐 ㉓health care facility 医疗保健机构 ㉔medical professional医疗专业人员 ㉕cheer up（使）高兴起来，（使）振作起来 ㉖more often than not 往往；多半；通常 ㉗work closely with与……密切合作 ㉘does（do/did）强调谓语动词，意为“的确”。 ㉙do the trick奏效，达到预期效果 ㉚concentrate on集中精力于/专注于 ㉛examine v.检查（身体） examination n.检查；诊察 ㉜take off拿下，脱下 ㉝wear流露，面带，呈现 参考译文 最佳灵药 　　当我穿着白大褂走向医院的时候，我看起来跟其他医生一样——直到我戴上卷曲的彩虹色假发和大红鼻子，别上我的徽章“拉里·笑哈哈医生”为止。我穿过一道道门进入候诊区，这里充斥着常见的厌烦和紧张情绪。人们别扭地坐在塑料椅上，翻阅着那些已经被读过几百次的旧杂志。焦虑的父母们正竭尽所能安抚紧张哭闹的孩子。 　　就在这样的场景里，我注意到一个小女孩，她的脚踝肿成了原来的两倍。我和当值护士交谈时她告诉我，劳拉从自行车上摔下来，她的父母匆忙将她送到医院。自从来到这里，劳拉就因为疼痛而一直大哭。尽管为她治疗伤痛的是医生和护士，但让她的心情变好则是我的工作。 　　科学研究表明，欢笑能令人产生一些有益身心的化学物质，这就意味着小丑医生能帮到患者。我们是受过专门培训的小丑，是“医疗小丑”项目的成员。我选择这个职业是由于我自己小时候去医院的经历。尽管当时医生和护士都尽职尽责，但医院实在不是个适合孩子们待的地方。我在那里的大部分时间要么觉得害怕，要么感到非常无聊！当一名小丑医生意味着我可以用娱乐人们的方式帮助他们。 　　作为小丑医生，我们要走访医院和其他的医疗保健机构，和专业医疗人员一起工作。我们一天的工作内容通常是为病人、病人家属，甚至是医院的工作人员带来欢乐！为此，我们会变魔术、唱歌、讲故事，当然还会讲一些滑稽的笑话。尽管如此，有些孩子并不想笑，尤其是在他们感到疼痛的时候。所以我们必须非常善解人意，并且与医护人员密切合作，他们会为我们提供每个病人的最新情况。 　　而我的灵药似乎确实取得了成效。当医生集中精力检查劳拉的脚踝时，我用魔术来吸引劳拉的注意力。尽管她显然仍有一些痛苦，但她恐惧和焦虑的表情已经不见了：先是一个小小的微笑，接着变成了大笑——因为我“魔术般地”从我的口袋里变出了她的一只袜子。看到女儿破涕为笑，劳拉的父母也松了一口气。 　　而我呢？当我摘下假发和红鼻子的时候，脸上仍然带着大大的微笑，因为我记得这天所有的乐趣和欢笑。也许将来，对于劳拉或者其他人来说，他们还有更多到医院就诊的需要，而我希望，小丑医生能够帮助医院成为一个更温暖友善的就诊场所。毕竟，“欢笑是最佳灵药”，这句话是千真万确的。 Ⅰ.词块默写 1.　laugh out loud　　 大声地笑 2.　tell a joke　　　讲一个笑话 3.　sense of humour　　　幽默感 4.　walk off/away　　　愤然离去；拂袖而去 5.　lift the mood　　　振奋情绪 6.　stay positive　　　保持乐观 7.　find your way back　　　找到你回去的路 8.　the on-duty nurse　　　值班护士 9.　rush her to the hospital　　　急忙把她送到医院 10.　health care　　　医疗保健 Ⅱ.课文原句默写 1.Although 　it’s the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury　，it’s my job to make her feel better. 尽管为她治疗伤痛的是医生和护士，但让她的心情变好则是我的工作。 2.　Being a clown doctor　 means I can help people by entertaining them. 当一名小丑医生意味着我可以用娱乐人们的方式帮助他们。 3.We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses， who 　keep us updated on each patient　. 我们必须非常善解人意，并与医护人员密切合作，他们会为我们提供每个病人的最新情况。 核心词汇集释 1.amusement n.娱乐，消遣 教材原句　an amusement park 一个游乐场 【用法】 （1）to one’s amusement　令某人感到好笑的是 （2）amuse vt.　　使发笑；使愉快 amuse sb with/by ...　　用/以……娱乐某人 （3）amused adj.　　觉得好笑的；逗乐的 amusing adj.　　好笑的 【佳句】　（人教选必一） As you wander around the fantasy amusement park， you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or even on the street. 当你漫步在奇幻的游乐园时，你可能会在游行的队伍里甚至在街上看到白雪公主或米老鼠。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The 　amused　 （amuse） audience couldn’t stop laughing during the show. ②I listened to his adventure with a mixture of 　amusement　 （amuse） and disbelief. ③However 　amusing　 （amuse） the story is， I have to focus on my study this week. 【写美】　完成句子 ④　To our amusement　， the little monkey lost its balance and fell into the water. 令我们感到好笑的是，这只小猴子失去了平衡，掉进了水里。 （日记） 2.look through 翻阅，浏览；看穿，识破（某人或某事）；仔细检查（某物）；穿过……看 教材原句　People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs， looking through old magazines， all of which have been read hundreds of times previously.人们别扭地坐在塑料椅上，翻阅着那些已经被读过几百次的旧杂志。 【用法】 look down on　 　瞧不起 look into　　调查；查找 look over　　仔细检查，审视（某人或某物） look up to　　尊敬；钦佩；仰慕 look up and down　　上下打量；到处寻找 【佳句】　As a young athlete， I look up to professional players who inspire me to work harder and never give up. 作为一名年轻的运动员，我仰慕那些激励我更加努力、永不放弃的职业运动员。（演讲稿） 【练透】　用上面短语的适当形式填空 ①People sit on plastic chairs， 　looking through　 old magazines， all of which have been read many times. ②Several months ago， police in Beijing 　looked into　 several crime cases where personal information had been illegally accessed. 【写美】　完成句子 ③She 　looked up and down　 the street and， then she saw what she was looking for. 她来回巡视街头，然后看到了自己正在寻找的东西。 3.cheer up （使）高兴起来，（使）振作起来 教材原句　On a typical day， we spend our time cheering up patients， their families， and more often than not， the hospital staff， too！我们一天的工作内容通常是为病人、病人家属，甚至是医院的工作人员带来欢乐！ 【用法】 （1）cheer sb on　　（赛跑比赛中）以喝彩声鼓励某人；为某人加油 cheer for　　为……而欢呼 （2）cheerful adj.　　 快乐的；高兴的；兴高采烈的 cheers int.　　（用于祝酒）干杯；再见；谢谢 【佳句】　Noticing the newcomer was always alone and silent， the headteacher Miss Eyre decided to do something that could make the boy cheer up and fit in with the new class. 注意到新来的同学总是独来独往、沉默寡言，班主任埃尔小姐决定采取一些措施，让这个男孩振作起来，融入新班级。 （情景描写） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①As the marathon runners passed by our area， we joined the crowd to cheer them 　on　. ②The audience stood up and cheered 　for　 the performers as they finished their amazing performance. ③Sarah pretended to be 　cheerful　 （cheer）， saying nothing about the argument. 【写美】　完成句子 ④When I’m feeling sad， my mother tells me funny stories to 　cheer me up　. 当我感到忧伤时，我的母亲就给我讲有趣的故事使我高兴。 4.do the trick 奏效，达到预期效果 教材原句　And my magic medicine does indeed seem to do the trick.而我的灵药似乎确实取得了成效。 【用法】 play a trick on＝play tricks on 搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑 trick sb into doing sth　　欺骗某人做某事 【佳句】　Your practice of fluent and standard oral Chinese can do the trick， which is an essential part of practice. 你练习流利且标准的中文口语就能奏效，这是练习的必要部分。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Don’t let anyone trick you into 　signing　 （sign） a contract without reading it carefully. 【写美】　完成句子 ②Her companion 　must have played a trick on her　， for she was in no mood for anything that day. 她的同伴一定是跟她开了个玩笑，因为那天她没心情做任何事情。 5.concentrate v.专心；集中 教材原句　While the doctor concentrates on examining Lara’s ankle， I get her attention by doing a magic trick.当医生集中精力检查劳拉的脚踝时，我用魔术来吸引劳拉的注意力。 【用法】 （1）concentrate on （doing） sth　　专心（做）某事 concentrate one’s mind/attention on 　　集中精力于；致力于；专心于 （2）concentration n. 专心；集中 【佳句】　To be effective， you need to identify your strengths and concentrate on them. 为了提高效率，你需要发现自己的优势并专注于此。 【联想】　表示“集中精力于”的短语还有： focus on； fix/focus one’s mind/attention on ... 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①You must concentrate your attention 　on　 what you are doing. ②We must concentrate our efforts on 　improving　 （improve） education. ③Becoming lost in the mental 　concentration　（concentrate） or physical action which you are deeply interested in helps you shift focus from the parts of life that are stressful. 【写美】　完成句子 ④The confusing matters make him unable to 　concentrate on his study　. 那么多烦心事使他无法专心学习。 重点句型解构 ◇句型公式：强调句： It is/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋句子其他成分 教材原句　Although it’s the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury， it’s my job to make her feel better.尽管为她治疗伤痛的是医生和护士，但让她的心情变好则是我的工作。 【用法】 句中it’s the doctors and nurses who ...为强调句。 （1）强调句的基本句型：It is/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋句子其他成分。 （2）强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it ＋被强调成分＋that/who＋句子其他成分？ （3）强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他成分？ （4）被强调成分表示“人”时可用who或that，表示“事物”时用that。 （5）not ...until ...结构的强调句：It is/was not until ...that ... 【佳句】　（人教选必一） If it is ocean entertainment that you are looking for， come to Chimelong Ocean Kingdom！ 如果你想找的是海洋类娱乐，就来长隆海洋王国吧！ 【点津】　强调句与定语从句的区别： （1）强调句的特点：去掉it is/was和that/who后，句子结构仍然完整，且意义清楚。 （2）时间、地点状语前是否有介词是判断这两种句式的关键。 【写美】　微写作 ①直到那时他才意识到没有比友谊更重要的事情了。 （主旨升华） 　It was not until then that　 he realized there was nothing more important than friendship. ②结果，是一位受过良好教育的学生与我们分享他在地震灾区的志愿者经历。 （活动介绍） As a result， 　it was a well-educated student who　 shared with us his volunteer experience in the quake-hit area. ③我意识到，正是她的乐观使她周围的每个人都心情愉快。 I realized that 　it was her optimism that　 put everyone around her in a good mood. ④是在线学习为我们提供了参加名校教师授课的机会。 （发言稿） 　It’s learning online that　 provides us a chance to take part in classes given by teachers of famous schools. Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.Her long 　curly　 （卷曲的） hair coupled with her big black eyes added to her beauty. 2.Other 　employers　 （雇主） and companies are willing to take on anyone who has enthusiasm for the work. 3.The kids’ faces lit up with excitement at the thought of seeing the 　circus　 （马戏团） the next day. 4.While trying to grab the ball， he accidentally hurt his left ankle　， making it difficult for him to walk. 5.Doctors must examine　 the patients carefully； otherwise， they might misdiagnose （误诊）or overlook important medical conditions. Ⅱ.完成句子 1.These pills should 　do the trick　 （奏效）.You’ll feel much better in no time. 2.　It was because her mother was ill that　 （是因为她母亲病了） she didn’t go with us. 3.She has turned down several invitations to star at entertainment shows in order to 　concentrate on her studies　 （专心学习）. 维度一：品句填词 1.In his opinion， he should have the new system 　examined　 （检查） as soon as possible. 2.If the neighbors do not give any sweets， the children might play a trick　 on them. 3.Our every emotion and 　mood　 （心情） can be conveyed precisely with the use of facial expressions and body language. 4.The girl acted properly and confidently during the job interview， which made a good impression on the employer　 immediately. 5.The 　circus　 （马戏团） failed to satisfy the children’s hope， for there was no elephant. 6.A month before my first marathon， one of my 　ankles　 （脚踝） was injured and this meant I couldn’t run for the next two weeks. 维度二：词形转换 1.In the park， some people keep themselves 　amused　 by taking part in various 　amusements　.（amuse） 2.The government said it was studying the implications， which required very careful 　examination　 （examine）. 3.Being an 　employee　 （employ） is a great way to learn how a business works so that you can open a business of your own. 4.It is said that the Internet has taken the place of television， providing universal 　entertainment　 （entertain）. 5.Though 　advertisements　 （advertise） are of great help， I don’t think we should completely rely on them to find a suitable product. 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1.　More often than not　 （通常）， people tend to choose convenience over quality when shopping online. 2.Access to affordable 　health care　 （医疗保健） is essential for improving the quality of life in rural areas. 3.Other types of cries， including calls of animals 　in pain　 （在痛苦中）， fail to get the same response. 4.The beautiful park， 　where we can enjoy the fresh air　 （在那里我们可以呼吸新鲜空气）， is a popular place for locals. 5.　It is how we behave that　 （正是我们如何表现） has changed the world. 6.　Considering every aspect of the matter　 （全面考虑这个问题） is essential to us. 7.It is the ability to 　do a great job　 （干得好） that is important， not where you come from or who you are. 维度四：一词多义/熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思 1.examine A.v.审查；考查　　 B.v.考，测验（某人） C.v.（仔细）检查 ①The detective examined the crime scene inch by inch， hoping to find some clues. 　　A　 ②（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷）The researchers then examined these submissions， coding （编码） experiences into different categories. 　　C　 ③The students will be examined in all subjects at the end of the term. 　　B　 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加蓝词汇的意思 2.Here’s a useful trick for quickly memorizing new words：create associations with things you’re familiar with. 　n.窍门；技法　 3.Barbecues are a favourite way of entertaining friends. 　v.招待；款待　 阅读理解 A 　　Like clockwork， kids at Alice Springs Hospital get a regular dose （剂量） of humor twice a week from clown doctors who attempt to distract （使分心）， cheer up and help children deal with being in hospital. 　　Dr Curly is not only a singing doctor， but also has special skills in the art of distraction. She has been a clown doctor for five years and enjoys her time with the children and her own special take on “medical” procedures.“One of my jobs is to perform important heart operation， and as part of my heart operation my job is to make the kids happy and laugh，” she said. 　　Recently， more than 70 clown doctors from all over Australia packed their red noses and oversized shoes， heading to Sydney for a unique meeting. Dr Curly said that they were in workshops for a week to upgrade their skills in building relationships and connecting with those in hospital or others in contact with the health system. 　　“We have a very special day when we meet parents and relatives of patients， and sometimes ex-patients themselves， or people who are ongoing patients，” she said.“We have time with them and we get to talk to them， when we’re not in our costumes （戏装）， and we get to have some feedback （反馈） about how important the clown doctor work has been for them as a family. They say without a doubt that the clown doctors have been an important part of their experience at the hospital， and especially for children.” 　　The Clown Doctors program in Australia was co-founded in 1996.“What started as a pilot at the Royal Hobart Hospital is now a program in 24 children’s hospitals across Australia，” said the Humour Foundation’s current CEO， Tony Warner. Mr Warner is unapologetic about the length of time of the recruitment （招募） and training process.“It can take about a year to become a certified clown doctor. That sounds like a long time， but it’s deliberate，” he said. “It leads to a high-quality program and the children in the hospitals are the ones who benefit.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了澳大利亚的小丑医生项目。 1.What can be learned about Dr Curly？（　　） A.She works as a volunteer doctor. B.She is frequently distracted from her work. C.She often performs songs at the hospital. D.She organized a workshop for clown doctors. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，Dr Curly是一名小丑医生，经常为病人唱歌，安抚他们。 2.Why did many clown doctors meet recently？（　　） A.To have a skill competition. B.To advertise their new program. C.To improve their professional skills. D.To perform for patients and their family. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的they were in workshops for a week to upgrade their skills可知，来自澳大利亚各地的小丑医生齐聚一堂是为了参加工作坊，提高自己的专业技能。 3.How might parents look at clown doctors？（　　） A.They are costumed figures causing discomfort. B.They are valuable contributors to their children’s health. C.They are unnecessary entertainers in a children’s hospital. D.They are more helpful than traditional medical professionals. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，家长认为小丑医生为他们孩子的健康做出了积极的贡献。 4.What does the underlined word “deliberate” in the last paragraph mean？（　　） A.Amazing.　 B.Original. C.Uncomplicated.　 D.Intended. 解析：D　词义猜测题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，小丑医生需要培训很长时间是为了给患儿提供高质量的服务，因此这是有意为之的。 B 　　Former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill once said that the British are the only people who like to be told how bad things are.This is true of British comedy.Most people think humor is about happy things， but for the British， the opposite is true.We love to use our sense of humor to complain and be negative. 　　British comedy， for example， draws a fine line between comedy and tragedy.The Office is a TV show， famous for its dry humor.The main character， David Brent， is a foolish man， and the show’s comedy comes from his delusions.For example， he often tells himself that he is loved by everyone but the viewers can see that everyone hates him. 　　Stupid characters for the audience to laugh at are an old tradition in Britain.In Shakespeare’s play Twelfth Night， the character Malvolio is an old man whom people play tricks on.The audience will laugh away， although the reality is that this man is a truly tragic individual （个人）. 　　This side of British humor is reflected in friendships as well.At university， my friends and I would always laugh at one another.I had an American friend who actually found this sarcasm （挖苦） quite upsetting.She didn’t realize that in Britain， the better friends you are with someone， the more you laugh at him or her.This way — laughing at everything — may sound rather depressing， but our strange humor played a big part in British history.In the Second World War， along with a stiff upper lip， the British got through it by laughing.What else was there to do？ 　　There is a saying in English：“Laugh， and the world laughs with you； weep， and you weep alone.” If you are ever on the receiving end of British sarcasm， you may feel like crying， but it’s best to just laugh it off！ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国的冷幽默在文化和生活中的体现，以及我们应该如何回应这种冷幽默。 5.How is British humor different from others？（　　） A.It often concerns human nature. B.It is often surprising and negative. C.It is often about the bad things in life. D.It often makes people feel at a loss. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，英国的幽默是关于生活中的坏事情。 6.What does the underlined word “delusions” in paragraph 2 mean？（　　） A.Strong abilities.　 B.Kind gestures. C.Deep doubts.　 D.False ideas. 解析：D　词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句可知，delusions意为“错觉，错误的看法”。 7.Why is Shakespeare’s play Twelfth Night mentioned？（　　） A.To show one of the best examples of British comedy. B.To praise Shakespeare for his representative works. C.To prove Britain’s tradition of laughing at stupid characters. D.To stress the difficulty of getting people to accept British comedy. 解析：C　推理判断题。第三段第一句提到让观众嘲笑的愚蠢角色在英国是一个古老的传统，下文以Twelfth Night为例说明英国嘲笑愚蠢的人有古老的传统。 8.How should people react to British sarcasm according to the author？（　　） A.Learn from it. B.Don’t take it seriously. C.Forget about the upsetting things. D.Be careful not to make stupid mistakes. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者的建议是一笑置之，不要太当真。 C 　　In the early years of televised news， Americans turned to the serious faces of newsmen as trusted sources for news of the important events in America and around the world， broadcast with controlled voices.The rise of comedy-news programs raised concerns over the combination of entertainment and news.But could this combination actually help inform （告知） the public？ 　　A study from the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania and the School of Communication at Ohio State University found that， when compared to non-humorous news clips （片段）， viewers are not only more likely to share humorously presented news but are also more likely to remember the content from these clips. 　　“It is really important for young people to engage with news to be informed about public issues，” says senior author Emily Falk， Professor of Communication， Psychology， and Marketing at Annenberg.“We wanted to test whether humor might make news more socially related， and therefore encourage young people to remember it and share it.” 　　The researchers invited young adults （18－34 years old） to watch a variety of news clips， which they designed to vary， so that some ended with jokes and others did not.In addition to collecting data on participants’ brain activity using FMRI technology， the researchers did a memory test to find out how much information participants remembered after watching the clips.The researchers also asked participants to answer questions about how likely they would be to share the news clips with others. 　　Participants were more likely to remember information when it was presented in a humorous rather than non-humorous way and were more willing to share the information online. 　　“Our findings show that humor stimulates activity in brain regions， improves memory for news facts， and increases the desire to share information with others，” says lead author Jason Coronel， Assistant Professor of Communication at OSU.“This is very significant because entertainment-based media has become an important source of news， especially for young adults.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。最新研究表明，新闻通过幽默的方式传播更易被年轻人记住和分享。 9.What can we learn about early American viewers according to the first paragraph？（　　） A.They showed great interest in entertainment news. B.They paid more attention to international news. C.They enjoyed comedy programs very much. D.They preferred serious newsmen. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的In the early years ...with controlled voices.可知，早期的美国观众更喜欢严肃的新闻记者。 10.What did the study find？（　　） A.Humor makes news more reliable and professional. B.Humor helps keep young adults informed about news. C.Young adults are more likely to share news with each other. D.Young adults are used to watching news clips on the Internet. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的when compared to non-humorous news clips ... from these clips和第四段中的The researchers invited young adults （18－34 years old） to watch a variety of news clips可知，该研究发现幽默可以让年轻人更愿意了解和分享新闻。 11.What is paragraph 4 mainly about？（　　） A.How the study was carried out. B.Why the study was different. C.The importance of the study. D.The results of the study. 解析：A　段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，本段主要介绍了该研究的实施过程。 12.What does Coronel say about the study？（　　） A.It has encouraged more young adults to major in journalism. B.It has offered new ways to receive news for young adults. C.It supports the importance of light-hearted news. D.It will raise concerns over the news industry. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可推知，Coronel认为该研究证明了轻松愉快的新闻的重要性。 2 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $