UNIT 4 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册教用课件（外研版）

该高中英语课件围绕“人与自我——艺术的觉醒”主题，聚焦中外艺术家灵感来源与作品，通过Pre-reading问题引导思考，While-reading以架构分析、细节理解、难句解析为支架，Post-reading通过讨论和语法填空衔接，构建从输入到输出的学习脉络。 其亮点在于融合文化意识（如Hofman的中国民间故事灵感、Dao Meilan的傣族文化传承）、思维品质（比较三位艺术家灵感共性）与语言能力（词汇句型系统训练），采用文本透析与核心知识突破法，助力学生提升跨文化理解与语言运用，为教师提供系统教学资源。

UNIT 4　Meeting the muse 单元素养目标 教材双语名言 1.The purpose of art is washing the dust of daily life off our souls. —Pablo Picasso 艺术的目的是把我们灵魂中的日常生活尘埃洗涤掉。 ——巴勃罗·毕加索 2.Inspiration exists， but it has to find you working. —Pablo Picasso 灵感是存在的，但它必须在你工作时找到你。 ——巴勃罗·毕加索 3.You can’t wait for inspiration. You have to go after it with a club. —Jack London 你不能等待灵感，你得拿着棍棒去追逐它。 ——杰克·伦敦 4.Love of beauty is taste.The creation of beauty is art. —Ralph Waldo Emerson 对美的喜爱是品味。对美的创造是艺术。 ——拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生 Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas 目 录 01 文本透析·剖语篇 02 篇章助解·释疑难 03 随堂检测·要过关 04 核心知识·巧突破 05 随堂检测·要过关 06 课时检测·提能力 文本透析·剖语篇 目 录 Pre-reading Before reading the passage， answer the following question. 　Where do you think artists usually draw their inspiration from？ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ Artists get inspiration from many places. Daily life is one big source. The small things we see every day， like people talking on the street or kids playing in the park， can give artists ideas. Nature is another great place for inspiration. The beauty of mountains， rivers， and flowers can make artists want to create. For example， a painter might paint a beautiful sunset he saw. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） While-reading 第一步：析架构理清脉络 Skim the passage and fill in the blanks. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 第二步：知细节明察秋毫 Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1. Which of the following is TRUE about Florentijn Hofman？（　　） A. He is a Dutch visual drawer. B. Playing with his children gave him creative inspiration. C. Floating Fish came from Chinese folk tales. D. He was deeply impressed by the form of fish. √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 2. The reason why Tan Dun’s works are well received is that  　　. （　　） A. his music can tell stories B. he combines traditional and modern music C. he likes the traditional music D. his music expresses human spirits √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 3. What does the three artists’ inspiration have in common？（　　） A. Tradition and combination. B. Folk tales and experiences. C. Life and tradition. D. Passion and foreign cultures. √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 4. Where would you most likely find the passage？（　　） A. An art magazine. B. An artist biography. C. An online art forum. D. A poster for an art festival. √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 第三步：析难句表达升级 　Every artist’s wish is to create something that expresses an idea. 句式分析：本句为复合句，Every artist’s wish是句子的 语，动 词不定式短语to create something that ...在句中作 语，that引导 的是 ⁠从句。 自主翻译： ⁠ 主　 表　 定语　 每位艺术家都希望通过创作表达自己的理念。　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） Post-reading 第一步：拓思维品质提升 Discuss the following question with your partner. Have you ever gotten inspiration to create something that can express your idea and where does it come from？ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ Yes， I have.I’ve longed to invent a desk for a long time.This desk can automatically sense your writing posture.When your posture is not proper， it can give you a timely reminder.The inspiration of this idea comes from my deskmate， who is always close to the desk when he studies.I think it is bad for his eyes and his physical growth. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 第二步：课文语法填空 　　Artists have different or similar 1. （create） inspiration.Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch visual artist.One way for him 2. （find） inspiration is 3. （turn） to his children’s toys.The famous Rubber Duck was one of his famous animal 4. （sculpture）.Floating Fish， his another work， was created from Chinese folk tales 5. （pass） down through the generations. creative　 to find　 turning　 sculptures　 passed　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　Tan Dun is most 6. （wide） known for composing music for the film Crouching Tiger， Hidden Dragon and the 2008 Beijing Olympics.Nine Songs， in 7. he used a 8. ⁠ （combine） of Chinese music and sounds from all over the world 9. ⁠ （tell） stories， is recognised by the whole world. 　　Dao Meilan， who is widely known 10. the “Peacock Princess”， was born into a Dai family in Xishuangbanna and has dedicated her life to this art. widely　 which　 combination　 to tell　 as　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 篇章助解·释疑难 目 录 What inspires you？ 　　Every artist’s wish is [1]to create① something that expresses an idea.But where do artists get their ideas from？ Who or what inspires them？ Here we find out more about the influences② behind the successes of three very different artists. ①create v.创造，创作 ②influence n.影响；有影响的人或事 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch④ artist，[2]whose large sculptures⑤ are on display⑥ all over the world.One way for him to find inspiration⑦ is [3]turning to his children’s toys.These objects have given him ideas for his animal sculptures， such as⑧ the famous Rubber Duck.A more recent work of his is the huge Floating⑨ Fish，[4]which was set among the beautiful landscape of Wuzhen West Scenic Zone⑩. 　　Florentijn Hofman， visual artist③ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　[1]动词不定式作表语，其中that expresses an idea为定语从句， 修饰先行词something。 　　[2]whose 引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作定语。 　　[3]动词-ing形式作表语。 　　[4]which 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Floating Fish。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） ③visual adj.视觉的，视力的 visual artist 视觉艺术家 ④Dutch adj.荷兰的 ⑤sculpture n.雕像，雕塑作品 ⑥on display 展出，展览 ⑦inspiration n.灵感 ⑧such as 例如 ⑨float v.浮，漂 ⑩scenic zone景区 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　Hofman’s inspiration for Floating Fish came from Chinese folk tales⑪ [5]passed down through the generations.He was particularly [6]interested in the old story about a fish jumping through the “Dragon Gate⑫”.This story came to life⑬ for Hofman [7]when he visited Wuzhen and saw how people lived there. 　　[5]动词-ed形式作后置定语。 　　[6]动词-ed形式作表语。 　　[7]when引导时间状语从句，其中how 引导宾语从句。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） ⑪folk adj.民间的，民俗的 tale n.故事 folk tale 民间故事 ⑫dragon n.龙 Dragon Gate 龙门 ⑬come to life 成为现实；变得活跃起来 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　“During the walk and my stay here in the town， I saw the fish [8]being fed by people.You see also some fish [9]sculpted on the wall.” These sights set Hofman’s idea for Floating Fish in motion⑭. 　　[8]动词-ing形式的被动式作宾语补足语。 　　[9]动词-ed形式作宾语补足语。 ⑭motion n.动，运动 set ...in motion 使……开始 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　“There is no territory⑮ in the world of music.” These are the words of Chinese composer Tan Dun.He is most widely known for composing⑯ music for the film Crouching⑰ Tiger， Hidden Dragon and the 2008 Beijing Olympics. 　　Tan Dun， composer ⑮territory n.领土，领域；范围；地域 ⑯compose v.作（曲） composer n.作曲家 ⑰crouch v.蹲下；蹲伏 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　To listen to Tan’s music is [10]to experience a mix of⑱ Chinese musical traditions and Western influences.Since his first opera⑲， Nine Songs， Tan Dun has been using a combination of⑳ Chinese music and sounds from all over the world to tell stories㉑.[11]As Tan once said， Chinese music should carry “universal expression” of the human spirit so as to be recognised㉒ by the whole world. 　　[10]动词不定式作表语。 　　[11]As 引导非限制性定语从句。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） ⑱a mix of ……的融合 ⑲opera n.歌剧 ⑳combination n.结合，联合 a combination of……的结合/组合 ㉑tell stories 讲故事 ㉒recognise v.认可；认出 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　Dao Meilan’s passion㉓ is [12] dancing.[13]Widely known as the “Peacock㉔ Princess㉕”， she has dedicated her life to㉖ this art. Born into㉗ a Dai family in Xishuangbanna， Yunnan Province， Dao showed her talent for㉘ dancing from an early age㉙. Her inspiration has come from the rich cultural heritage㉚ and traditional stories of her home town， [14]which often feature㉛ the peacock， [15]a symbol of natural beauty and good luck. She created amazing dances [16]to bring out㉜ the charm㉝ of the beautiful birds and the local people’s lives. One of her most famous works is The Golden Peacock. 　　Dao Meilan， dancer 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） Through years of effort， she has made her dances into a graceful㉞ picture of Dai culture， for audiences in China and around the world. 　　[12]动词-ing形式作表语。 　　[13]过去分词短语作状语。 　　[14]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰home town。 　　[15]作名词the peacock的同位语。 　　[16]动词不定式作目的状语。 　 ㉓passion n.热爱；激情 ㉔peacock n.（雄）孔雀 ㉕princess n.公主 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） ㉖dedicate v.致力于，献身于 dedicate one’s life to 毕生致力于 ㉗be born into出身于，出生于……的家庭 ㉘show one’s talent for 表现出……的天赋 ㉙from an early age从小 ㉚heritage n.遗产；传统 cultural heritage文化遗产 ㉛feature v.以……为特色 ㉜bring out使显示；说出 ㉝charm n.魅力，魔力 ㉞graceful adj.优美的，优雅的 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　[17]动词不定式作目的状语。 　　[18]动词不定式作目的状语。 　　“In China， I dance [17]to represent㉟ the Dai people， and abroad， I dance [18]to represent China. A true artist must carry the spirit of their country in their heart，” said Dao. ㉟represent vt.代表；表现；描绘 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 参考译文 你的灵感从哪儿来？ 　　每位艺术家都希望通过创作表达自己的理念。而这些理念从何而 来？是谁，抑或是什么启发了他们？下面，我们进一步发掘了三位大 不相同的艺术家成功背后的因素。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　弗洛伦泰因·霍夫曼是一位荷兰艺术家，他创作的大型雕塑在世界 各地进行展出。他的孩子们的玩具是他的一个灵感来源。霍夫曼从这 些玩具身上得到启发，从而创作出动物形状的雕塑，比如著名的“大 黄鸭”。他最近的新作是一条巨大的“浮鱼”，位于风景宜人的乌镇 西栅景区内。 　　霍夫曼表示，“浮鱼”的灵感源自世代相传的中国民间故事。他 对“鲤鱼跃龙门”的古老故事尤其感兴趣。当霍夫曼游览乌镇，看到 当地居民的生活时，这个故事立马生动地浮现于他的脑海中。 　　弗洛伦泰因·霍夫曼，视觉艺术家 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　“我住在镇上期间，当我散步的时候，看到人们在喂鱼。你也可 以看到墙上还有鱼形的浮雕。”这些画面让霍夫曼渐渐浮现出创作 “浮鱼”的念头。 　　谭盾，作曲家 　　“音乐的世界没有边界。”中国作曲家谭盾如是说。这位著 名的作曲家曾为电影《卧虎藏龙》配乐，并为2008年北京奥运会 创作音乐。 　　欣赏谭盾的音乐，就是在感受中国音乐传统和西方影响的交融。 从他的第一部歌剧《九歌》开始，谭盾一直在用中国音乐和来自世界 各地的乐音讲述故事。他曾说过，中国音乐要承载人文精神的“共同 理念”，才能被世界认可。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　刀美兰，舞蹈家 　　刀美兰毕生挚爱舞蹈。这位被誉为“孔雀公主”的艺术家，将生 命全然奉献于这门艺术。她出生于云南省西双版纳的傣族家庭，自幼 展露非凡舞蹈天赋。其创作灵感源于家乡深厚的文化遗产与传统故 事——其中孔雀常作为自然之美与吉祥的象征出现。她以曼妙舞姿诠 释孔雀灵韵与傣族人民的生活意趣，其代表作《金孔雀》更是惊艳世 人。经年耕耘，她将傣族舞蹈化作一幅流动的文化画卷，向中国乃至 世界观众展现民族艺术的瑰丽。 　　刀美兰曾言：“在国内起舞时，我代表的是傣族人民；走向世界 舞台时，我代表的是中国。真正的艺术家，心中必怀祖国之魂。” 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 随堂检测·要过关 目 录 Ⅰ.词块默写 1. 　视觉艺术家 2. 　展出，展览 3. 　民间故事 4. 　成为现实；变得活跃起来 5. 　使……开始 6. 　毕生致力于 7. 　表现出某人……的天赋 visual artist　 on display　 folk tale　 come to life　 set ...in motion　 dedicate one’s life to　 show one’s talent for　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 8. 　从小 9. 　文化遗产 10. 　使显示；说出 cultural heritage　 bring out　 from an early age　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） Ⅱ.课文原句默写 1. Hofman’s inspiration for Floating Fish came from Chinese folk tales ⁠. 霍夫曼表示，“浮鱼”的灵感源自世代相传的中国民间故事。 2. He was particularly interested in the old story about a fish ⁠ ⁠. 他对“鲤鱼跃龙门”的古老故事尤其感兴趣。 3. During the walk and my stay here in the town， I ⁠ ⁠. 我住在镇上期间，当我散步的时候，看到人们在喂鱼。 passed down through the generations　 jumping through the “Dragon Gate”　 saw the fish being fed by people　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 核心知识·巧突破 目 录 核心词汇集释 1. pass down使世代相传；流传 教材原句　Hofman’s inspiration for Floating Fish came from Chinese folk tales passed down through the generations.霍夫曼表示，“浮鱼” 的灵感源自世代相传的中国民间故事。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 【用法】 pass by 经过 pass through 穿过，贯穿 pass on ...to ... 把……传给/传染给/转嫁给…… pass out 失去知觉 pass ...as ... 把……装作…… 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 【佳句】　With a serious and earnest expression， the old woman passed down the traditional handicraft skills to her granddaughter. 老妇人带着严肃而认真的表情，将传统手工艺技能传授给孙女。 （表情描写） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The experienced worker showed me the proper way to operate the machine and I passed it to the new employees. ②It’s hard to pass that beautiful flower shop without going in to buy some fresh flowers. on　 by　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 【写美】　完成句子 ③He stood up too quickly from the chair and ， falling heavily to the ground. 他从椅子上起身太快，突然就昏倒了，重重地摔倒在地上。 （动作 描写） suddenly passed out　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 2. come to life 苏醒过来；变得活跃起来；变得生动有趣；成为现实 教材原句　This story came to life for Hofman when he visited Wuzhen and saw how people lived there.当霍夫曼游览乌镇，看到当地居民的生 活时，这个故事立马生动地浮现于他的脑海中。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 【用法】 come to （oneself） 苏醒过来 come back to life 苏醒过来；复活，恢复生机 bring ...（back） to life 使……更生动；使……苏醒过来 save one’s life 拯救某人的生命 lose one’s life 丧生 live/lead a ...life 过着……的生活 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 【佳句】　When the children heard that their teacher came to herself， the whole class came to life at once.当孩子们听说老师苏醒过来时，整 个班立刻活跃起来了。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①When he finally came himself， he found himself lying in a hospital bed. to　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 【写美】　完成句子 ②The flowers in the garden after the rain. 雨后，花园里的花儿恢复了生机。 ③The team of doctors managed to after a long and difficult surgery. 经过一场漫长而艰难的手术，医生团队成功使病人苏醒过来。 came back to life　 bring the patient back to life　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 3. compose v.作（曲），创作（音乐）；组成，构成；使镇静 教材原句　He is most widely known for composing music for the film Crouching Tiger， Hidden Dragon and the 2008 Beijing Olympics.这位 著名的作曲家曾为电影《卧虎藏龙》配乐，并为2008年北京奥运会创 作音乐。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 【用法】 （1） 由……组成/构成 （2）compose a letter/speech/poem 撰写信函/演讲稿/诗歌 compose oneself 使自己镇静下来 （3）composer n. 创作者；作曲者；作曲家 composition n. 作曲；创作；写作，成分；组合方式 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 【佳句】 He sat on the couch， guitar in hand， composing a ballad. 他坐在沙发上，手里拿着吉他，正在创作一首民谣。 （动作描写） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Beethoven is one of the most renowned （compose） in the history of music， whose works have had a profound impact. ②The （compose） of this painting is very unique， with a perfect balance of colors and shapes. ③The painting is composed various colors and shapes， creating a vivid and interesting image. composers　 composition　 of　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 【写美】　完成句子 ④After receiving the shocking news， it took her a few moments to ⁠. 听到令人震惊的消息后，她花了几分钟时间让自己镇定下来。 （心理描写） compose herself　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 4. influence vt.& n.影响 教材原句　To listen to Tan’s music is to experience a mix of Chinese musical traditions and Western influences.欣赏谭盾的音乐，就是在感 受中国音乐传统和西方影响的交融。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 【用法】 （1）influence sb to do sth 影响某人做某事 （2）have an influence on/upon＝have an effect on/upon 对……有影响 under the influence of 在……的影响下 （3）influential adj. 有很大影响的 a highly influential book 一本十分有影响力的书 be influential in doing sth 对做某事有影响力 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 【佳句】　The influence of kindness is like a ripple in the water， starting from a small act and spreading out to touch countless lives. 善良的影响就像水中的涟漪，从一个小小的善举开始，不断扩散，触 动无数人的生命。 （主旨升华句） 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The environmental campaign aims to influence people ⁠ （protect） the environment in their daily lives. ② the influence of the popular TV series， many young people became interested in ancient history. ③Take Yuan Longping， the father of hybrid rice， one of the most （influence） scientists in agriculture， for example. to protect　 Under　 influential　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 【写美】　完成句子 ④Sun Tzu’s The Art of War Chinese military thought， still studied worldwide today. 孙子的《孙子兵法》对中国军事思想产生了巨大影响，至今仍在世界 范围内被广泛研究。 had a great influence on/upon　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 重点句型解构 ◇句型公式：动词-ing短语作后置定语 教材原句　He was particularly interested in the old story about a fish jumping through the “Dragon Gate”. 他对“鲤鱼跃龙门”的古老故事尤其感兴趣。 【用法】 动词-ing短语作定语，和所修饰的名词在逻辑上是主谓关系，相当于 一个定语从句。 （1）表示现在（或当时）的状态，改为定语从句时常用一般时态。 （2）表示正在进行的动作，改为定语从句时要用进行时态。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 【佳句】　The path leading to success is often paved with countless setbacks and challenges， testing our will and perseverance. 通往成功的道路往往布满了无数的挫折与挑战，这些挫折与挑战考验 着我们的意志和毅力。 【点津】　单个的动词-ing形式作定语时，通常放在被修饰词之前； 动词-ing短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词之后。 Don’t wake up the sleeping baby. 不要吵醒那个正在睡觉的婴儿。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 【写美】　微写作 ①那个一直担心即将到来考试的女孩晚上睡不好觉，脑海里全是各种 各样可能出现的考题。 The girl couldn’t sleep well at night， her mind filled with a jumble of possible questions. constantly worrying about the upcoming exam　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） ②每天下午坐在长椅上的那位老人是一位退休教授，他会与周围的年 轻人分享自己的知识和生活经历。 （人物介绍） The old man is a retired professor， sharing his knowledge and life experiences with the young people around him. ③那个在舞台上优雅起舞的女孩有节奏地摆动着身体，她的一举一动 都令观众着迷。（动作描写） The girl swayed her body rhythmically， captivating the audience with her every move. sitting on the bench every afternoon　 dancing gracefully on the stage　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 随堂检测·要过关 目 录 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1. She started her speech with a famous （引语） from Shakespeare. 2. She is very interested in learning （民间的） dances from different countries. 3. A paper boat made by a child （漂） on the river， carrying his little dreams downstream. 4. We should preserve our cultural h for future generations. quote　 folk　 floated　 eritage　 5. He was inspired to c a song after visiting the beautiful countryside. ompose　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） Ⅱ.完成句子 1. （被这个意外消息震惊 的男子） stood there motionless， his mouth open in disbelief. 2. Tom is （一个喜欢户外活动的 男孩）， frequently going hiking， cycling and playing football with his friends. 3. I （看见妈妈在做晚饭） in the kitchen. The man shocked by the unexpected news　 a boy enjoying outdoor activities　 saw my mother cooking dinner　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 课时检测·提能力 目 录 维度一：品句填词 1. There are some leaves （漂） on the surface of the lake. 2. Little girls often imagine themselves as beautiful （公 主） dressed in beautiful skirt. 3. Beethoven （创作） some of his greatest works during his later years. floating　 princesses　 composed　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 4. Our city is a melting pot with people from different （民族 的） backgrounds. 5. She （蹲） down and reached out to the little boy， holding him tightly in her arms. 6. F music has a long history and is passed down from generation to generation. ethnic　 crouched　 olk　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 维度二：词形转换 1. The company is working on a new product in ⁠ （combine） with a foreign partner. 2. The story of her overcoming hardships became an ⁠ （inspire） for everyone around her to pursue their dreams bravely. 3. The （compete） for this scholarship is extremely fierce， with hundreds of students applying for it. 4. The Internet has made information （wide） accessible， changing the way people learn and communicate. combination　 inspiration　 competition　 widely　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 5. His dream of becoming a famous singer finally became a ⁠ （real） after years of hard work. 6. Through communication and dialogue， we can gain a better （understand） of each other’s viewpoints and feelings. 7. Poetry provides a powerful means of （express） for the poet’s innermost thoughts and feelings. reality　 understanding　 expression　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1. The injured player lay on the ground for a while and then ⁠ （苏醒过来） slowly. 2. To understand the culture better， the travelers ⁠ （更深入地融入生活） of the small village and made friends with the locals. 3. His innovative ideas （使 整个研究项目开始） and led to significant breakthroughs. came to life　 went deeper into the life　 set the whole research project in motion　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 4. The book you （提到） in your article is very popular among students majoring in literature. 5. As I walked through the park， I ⁠ （看到花正在被浇水） by the gardener. referred to　 saw the flowers being watered　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 维度四：一词多义/熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思 1. compose A. v.创作，作（曲）　 B. v.组成　 C. v.使镇静 ①She composed herself after the shocking news and tried to remain calm. ⁠ ②She composed a song for her mother’s birthday， expressing her love and gratitude. ⁠ ③Water composes nearly 70 per cent of the human body. ⁠ C　 A　 B　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加蓝词汇的意思 2. Listen up， folks， this is important information for everyone. ⁠ 3. The seller quoted a price that was higher than what the buyer was willing to pay. ⁠ n.各位，大伙儿　 v.报（价），开（价）　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 阅读理解 A 　　Growing up as a kid in the UK， I was fascinated by insects.Wanting to protect them， I started building little houses for ants， using little pieces of wood and leaves.I then moved on to making little cups and saucers from silver foil （银箔） for the magical creatures that I thought lived at the bottom of the garden.When my mother saw my work， she told me that the smaller I made things， the bigger my name would become. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　As the years went by， my designs became more complicated.And I used many different materials， such as diamond fragments， eyelashes and even spider web threads.I sometimes work for 16 hours a day without breaks， and it takes me up to three months to finish a sculpture （雕 塑）.I have to hold my breath during the sculpting process.It isn’t actually an enjoyable process — I can only enjoy it once I’ve finished it. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　My sculptures have taken me to incredible places.In 2012， I met the queen， giving her a tiny crown on the head of a pin.In 2013， I received my first Guinness World Record for creating the smallest sculpture made by hand.It was a 24-carat gold motorbike that fitted inside a drilled out hair.In 2017， I beat my record with a sculpture of a human fetus （胎 儿） that measured 0.078mm by 0.053mm. 　　One time， a fly landed on a Cinderella carriage sculpture I was working on.The fly’s wings blew it away， and it was lost.I was heartbroken.Another time， I accidentally breathed in a tiny Alice from Alice in Wonderland.Alice is now in Wonderland forever. But it did give me the chance to make an even better one the second time around. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　I was diagnosed with autism （自闭症） as an adult.In school， my teachers had pointed me out as an example of failure； now， I see my autism as a gift.It’s pushed me to be the best I can be.I hold workshops in schools for children with mental diseases， sharing with them my life and work and helping them create their own small figures out of Blu-Taok. 　　The tiny world has always been my happy place.I’ve tried to make bigger sculptures， but small is best for me.We need to appreciate the little things in life.Small things can also be great， too. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小对昆虫着 迷，开始为它们建造小屋，后来逐渐发展成制作微雕艺术品的经 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小对昆虫着 迷，开始为它们建造小屋，后来逐渐发展成制作微雕艺术品的经历。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 1. Why did the author start making small sculptures？（　　） A. To become famous. B. To beat the record. C. To shelter insects. D. To meet the queen. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，作者最初制作小雕 塑是为了给昆虫提供庇护所，保护昆虫。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 2. How long can the author work with one sculpture？（　　） A. Sixteen hours. B. About a year. C. About two weeks. D. Up to three months. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的it takes me up to three months to finish a sculpture可知，作者完成一件雕塑作品最长需 要三个月时间。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 3. Which best explains the underlined sentence “Alice is now in Wonderland forever.” in paragraph 4？（　　） A. Alice gives me a chance to make a better one. B. The tiny Alice is lost and cannot be recovered. C. It takes diverse materials to finish the tiny Alice. D. The Wonderland is so attractive that Alice won’t return. 解析：　句意理解题。上文提到作者正在制作的雕塑被吹走丢失 了，这里说不小心把小爱丽丝吸进去了，所以画线句子的意思是小爱 丽丝丢失了，找不回来了。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 4. What is a suitable title for the text？（　　） A. Small but Powerful B. My Fight with Autism C. Have Fun with Sculpture D. The Smaller， the Better √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 解析：　标题归纳题。本文讲述了作者从小对昆虫感兴趣，进而开 始制作小型雕塑，并通过不断的努力和创新，在微雕艺术领域取得了 杰出的成就。同时，作者也通过分享自己的经历和作品，鼓励人们欣 赏生活中的小事物，并认识到小事物也可以具有伟大的价值。A项 （小但强大）准确地概括了文章的主旨。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） B 　　Driving through tunnels is a risky task as drivers need to lower their speed， control car distance and adapt to poor light， and the limited space may make them anxious， all making preventing accidents a public health challenge.Here， in a study， scientists show that well-chosen background music can help improve road safety. 　　“By comparing the effects of different types of sound — slow vs fast music， warning sounds such as alarms， and a voice reminding them to drive safely — on brain activity and physical behavior， we find the best solution to keep drivers focused，” said professor Yanqun Yang， from Fuzhou University， China. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　The scientists studied background sounds and music， but focused on the length of a long tunnel.With immersive （沉浸式的） VR， they reproduced a 5，100-meter-long tunnel with traffic in both directions and employed 40 young people to act as experimental drivers.When the experimenters wore the VR headset in an imitation （模拟的） car， the researchers closely monitored and recorded the pressure on the pedals， the steering wheel’s angle， and driving speed. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　Brain activity and heart rate variability （心率变异性） to show changes in emotional state， like stress and nervousness， were measured as well.Drivers drove fastest in response to fast music， and slowest to slow music.Comparisons of heart rate variability — typically low in people who are stressed — indicated that the drivers felt most relaxed， with very little mental stress， and could best concentrate on driving when listening to slow music， which was similar to feedback from drivers， of whom 63% chose slow music as their preferred background.Comparisons of the drivers’ brain waves indicated that slow music reduced nervousness in the drivers， while voice reminders， fast music， and alarms increased it. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　“We find that slow music played as background throughout the tunnels， replaced by alarms only at spots and times when the risk of accidents is the highest， is best to keep drivers attentive， at ease， and not tired， while pushing them to be extra vigilant and focused when they’re driving through tunnels，” said researcher Dr Wei Lin.“But there’s still a long way to go before more specific design and management recommendations can be proposed.” 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在隧道中驾驶是一项危险的任务。 在一项研究中，科学家们表明，精心挑选的背景音乐有助于提高道 路安全。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在隧道中驾驶是一项危险的任务。 在一项研究中，科学家们表明，精心挑选的背景音乐有助于提高道 路安全。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 5. What makes the prevention of accidents challenging according to paragraph 1？（　　） A. Drivers need to deal with various tasks in the tunnels. B. Drivers are absent-minded while driving in the tunnels. C. Drivers have limited knowledge of car distance in the tunnels. D. Drivers can’t adjust themselves to the poor light in the tunnels. 解析：　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，司机在隧道中驾驶 时需要应对降低车速、控制车距、适应光线以及克服空间带来的焦虑 等多种任务，这些因素使得预防事故成为挑战。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 6. What’s the role of VR technology in this experiment？（　　） A. Testing drivers’ immediate response. B. Allowing drivers to choose proper music. C. Reproducing real-world driving conditions. D. Training drivers on tunnel driving techniques. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，VR 技术模拟出有 双向交通的5，100米长隧道，即VR技术的作用是再现现实世界中的 驾驶条件。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 7. What can be inferred about drivers listening to slow music in this experiment？（　　） A. Drivers might show high heart rate variability. B. Drivers find it hard to control their emotional state. C. Listening to slow music can increase their brain activity. D. Listening to slow music can reduce their positive emotions. 解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段第三句可知，通常压力大的人心 率变异性低，而听慢音乐时司机最放松、压力小，说明听慢音乐时司 机心率变异性高。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 8. What does the underlined word “vigilant” in the last paragraph probably mean？（　　） A. Stressful. B. Creative. C. Confused. D. Watchful. 解析：　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的and可知，画线词与 focused意思相近，这里说要让司机在隧道驾驶时保持专注、放松 且不累，同时在某些时候要更加警惕和专注，所以vigilant意思与 watchful意思一致。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） C 　　Art is a reflection of society and culture.It helps us understand what we are as human beings and influences how we relate to each other.It’s also an expression of creativity that can be used for self-reflection or social influence. 　　Art is important to individuals for many different reasons.Art is highly subjective and also very personal and has long been a medium where individuals can express their feelings and emotions. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　For many people， art has always been a part of their lives and is an essential part of their personality or who they are.Art has the ability to help people get through some of the hardest times in their lives. 　　Art helps people connect with one another on a deeper level， whether by speaking your language or by imagining your thoughts differently.Some artworks speak to someone more than others， and everyone will have a piece of art that is particularly important or special to them. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　Art has been a part of human culture for many centuries.It has been used to express emotions， to communicate ideas and it has been a way to pass down knowledge from one generation to another.So it is important in our cultural and social lives.Art also plays a role in recording history， and many artworks help us paint a picture of what life was like in previous generations. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 　　Art is also particularly important as a symbol of culture across the world.Research has shown that art can affect the basic sense of self.Folk arts， for example， are highly unique to specific cultures and tell the history and rich traditions of a region.Painting， architecture， art sculpture， music， literature and many other fine arts can be considered a repository （宝库） of a given society’s collective memory. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了艺术对个人以及我们的 历史文化传承的重要性。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了艺术对个人以及我们的 历史文化传承的重要性。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 9. What can art help people do according to the text？（　　） A. Control their feelings. B. Connect with artworks. C. Deal with tough times. D. Make more money. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，艺术能够帮助人们 度过生活中一些最艰难的时刻。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 10. What can we infer from paragraph 5？（　　） A. Art is the best way to pass down knowledge in old times. B. People always use artworks to express their feelings instead of words. C. Art gives us an idea of how people lived before. D. The value of artworks hasn’t been discovered until now. 解析：　推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句可知，许多艺术品能帮 助我们描绘出前几代人的生活图景，即艺术让我们了解过去人们的生 活方式。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 11. How does the author develop the last paragraph？（　　） A. By exploring reasons. B. By having a discussion. C. By providing numbers. D. By giving examples. 解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，作者在最后一 段是通过举例的方式展开论述的。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） 12. What is the best title for the text？（　　） A. Where Can We Find Artworks？ B. Pass Down the Artworks C. Why Is Art Important？ D. Learn History from Art 解析：　标题归纳题。文章阐述了艺术对个人、文化、社会的重要 性。C项（为什么艺术很重要？）能够准确概括文章主旨，可作文章 最佳标题。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第一册（WY） $