05 一、专题二 考点1 动词和动词短语-【众相原创·赋能中考】2026年中考英语课堂精讲册配套课件（冀教版 河北专用）

该初中英语中考复习课件系统梳理动词及动词短语核心考点，严格对接河北中考说明，分析2021-2025年（含样卷）考点分布，明确动词辨析、时态、被动语态等考查重点及分数占比（如2025样卷11分），按动词类型和短语结构归纳常考题型，体现备考针对性。 课件亮点在于“真题溯源+分层训练”模式，通过2023河北36题“put up”、2022河北34题“try on”等真题解析，结合完形填空实例，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。考点测验与拓展提升帮助学生掌握答题技巧，教师可依此制定精准复习计划，助力中考冲刺。

河北 英 语 课堂精讲册 1 河北5年中考解读 年份 考查点 2025 2025样 卷 2024 2023 2022 2021 动词辨析 31, 34, 35 31, 33, 38 42, 46, 50 43, 44, 49 41, 43, 45, 50 45 动词短语辨析 36 35 33, 49 36 34 46, 50 一般现在时 48 44 / 78 73 37, 73 2 年份 考查点 2025 2025样 卷 2024 2023 2022 2021 一般过去时 50 50, 53 75, 78 75 77 79 一般将来时 55 47 37 34 37 36 现在进行时 / 46 / 38 / / 过去进行时 / / / / 38 35 续表 3 年份 考查点 2025 2025样 卷 2024 2023 2022 2021 现在完成时 / / 40 37 39 40 被动语态 43 49 38 40 40 39 动词不定式 54 45 / / / / 主谓一致 48 / / / / / 分数占比 9分 11分 10分 10分 11分 10分 续表 4 课标语法导图 5 第二部分 语法知识精讲练 一、词类 专题二 动词和动词短语 考点1 动词和动词短语 6 考点讲解 7 一、实义动词： 有实际意义，表示动作或状态，在句中能独立作谓语。#1 类别 用法和结构 例句 及物动 词 用法：及物动词本身意思不 完整，在句中必须接宾语才 能使其意思完整，及物动词 有被动语态 结构：主语+及物动词+宾语 I like this song. I bought my father a pen. We consider him an honest boy. 8 类别 用法和结构 例句 不及物 动词 用法：不及物动词本身意思 完整，无需接宾语，不能用 于被动语态，“部分不及物动 词+介词”相当于及物动词， 其后可接宾语 结构：主语+不及物动词； 主语+不及物动词+介词+单 宾语/双宾语 I will arrive soon. I will arrive in your city soon. 续表 9 类别 用法和结构 例句 及物动 词&不 及物动 词 同上述结构和用法 We won. We won the game. 续表 10 二、连系动词： 本身有一定意义，但是不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓 语。#1 类别 例词 结构 例句 “状态” 类 be， am， is， are， was， were 主语+连 系动词+ 表语 My sister is tall. 11 类别 例词 结构 例句 “感官” 类 feel， look， smell， sound， taste （名词/ 形容词/ 介词短 语） The fish smells delicious. “变化” 类 become, get, turn, fall, go, grow Her face turned red when she spoke in front of the class. “持续” 类 keep， remain， stay Doing exercise can help us keep healthy. “似乎” 类 seem， appear The man seems tired. 续表 12 三、助动词： 本身无意义，不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语， 表示否定、疑问、时态或其他语法形式。#1 类别 用法和结构 例句 be, am, is, are, was, were 与实义动词的现在分词或过去分 词一起，构成时态、语态等 They are doing their homework. 13 类别 用法和结构 例句 do, does, did 与实义动词原形一起，构成一般 现在时和一般过去时的否定句或 疑问句等 They didn’t finish their homework. have, has, had 与实义动词的过去分词一起，构 成完成时态或语态 They haven’t finished their homework yet. 续表 14 类别 用法和结构 例句 will, would, shall, should 与动词原形一起，构成将来时态 或语态 They will finish their homework on time. 续表 15 四、情态动词： 不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的 语气和情态。情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化。 例词 用法和结构 例句 can, could, may, might, will, would, must, should等 情态动词和实义动词一起构成 谓语，基本没有人称和数的变 化 I can sing this song. 16 五、动词短语 1.同一动词型#1 come 短语 come across （偶然）遇见（或发现） come back 回来 come down下降；落下 come from 来自 come in 进来 come on 快点儿 come out 出版;发表;开花 come over 顺便来访;过来 come true（希望等）实现;成为现实 17 fall 短语 fall behind 落后 fall into 掉进……里 fall off 跌落；下降；减少 fall down突然倒下;跌倒;倒塌（2021.46） 续表 18 give 短语 give away 赠送;捐赠 give back 还给;归还 give in 投降;屈服 give out 分发;散发 give off 发出;放出（气味、热、光等） give up 放弃（2024. 49） get 短语 get off 下车 get on 上车 get out 逃离;外出 get over 克服 get to 到达 get up 起床 get back 返回;回来;回家 续表 20 go 短语 go away 走开 go back 回去 go by （时间）逝去;经过 go off 发出响声;熄灭；离开 go on 继续 go over 仔细检查;复习 go through 浏览;翻阅;通过 turn 短语 turn off 关掉 turn on 打开 turn into 变成 turn out 结果是 turn over 翻身;翻转 turn up 调高（音量） turn down 调低（音量）;拒绝 续表 22 look 短语 look after 照顾;照看 look at 看;朝……看 look down 向下看 look for 寻找;寻求 look like 看起来像 look out 当心 look over 检查 look through 浏览 look back 回头看;回首 look up （在词典、参考书等中）查阅;查找 put 短语 put back 放回原处 put down 放下;镇压 put off 推迟;拖延 put on 穿上;上演 put out 扑灭;熄灭（火） put away 收起；收拾好 put up 搭起;举起;张贴（海报）（2023.36） 续表 24 take 短语 take away 拿走 take back 退还;收回 take care 当心;小心 take down 记下;取下 take out 拿出;取出 take up 占据;学着做;开始做 take in 吸收;吞入（体内）;欺骗 take off 脱下（衣服）;（飞机等）起飞 take after（外貌或行为）与（父母等）相像 续表 25 think 短语 think about 思考;思索 think of 认为;想起 think over 仔细考虑（2025样卷.35） think up 想出 续表 26 2.同一介词/副词型#2 about 短语 care about 关心;在意 hear about 听说 know about 了解;知道 learn about 学习;了解 worry about 担心;烦恼 talk about 谈论;讨论;议论 27 away 短语 blow away 吹走 break away 脱离;摆脱 drive away 驱车离开;赶走 move away 搬走;离开 pass away 过世;逝世 put away 收起;收拾好 run away 逃跑;跑掉 sweep away 扫去 throw away 扔掉 walk away 步行离开 wash away 冲走;洗掉 续表 28 back 短语 hand back 交还 pay back 偿还（借款等） talk back 回嘴;顶嘴 bring back 恢复;使想起;归还 by 短语 pass by 路过;经过 drop by 顺便访问;随便进入 续表 29 down 短语 calm down 平静下来 die down 逐渐变弱 lie down 躺下 shut down 停工;关闭 sit down 坐下 slow down 减速 write down 写下;记下 break down 停止运转;出故障 续表 30 for 短语 ask for 要求;请求 call for 要求;提倡;需要 cheer for 为……加油 die for 为……而死 fight for 为……而战 leave for 出发前往 prepare for 为……做准备 pay for 付买……的钱 search for 搜寻;查找 stand for 代表;支持 thanks for 为……而感谢 wait for 等候;等待（2025.36） care for 喜欢;关心;照顾 续表 31 in 短语 arrive in 到达 believe in 信任;信赖 break in 闯入;打断 call in 召来;叫来 cut in 插嘴;干预 续表 32 on 短语 carry on 继续 depend on 依靠;信赖 hold on 等一等（别挂电话） land on 着陆;登陆 move on 继续前进 pass on 传递 try on 试穿（2022.34） work on 从事;忙于 focus on 致力于;使聚焦于 into 短语 fall/drop into 落入;陷入 knock into 与……相撞 look into 调查;研究 rush into 冲入 walk into 撞上 续表 34 off 短语 break off 突然终止;中断 pay off 还清（欠款等） set off 动身;出发;使爆炸 show off 炫耀;卖弄 shut off 关闭;使停止运转 out 短语 blow out 吹灭 bring out 使显现;使表现出 cut out 删除;删去 find out 查明;发现;了解 hand out 分发 hang out 闲逛 lay out 摆开;布置 leave out 不提及;忽略 point out 指出 sell out 卖完;售光 set out 出发;启程 try out 参加……选拔;试用 send out 发出;派遣 work out 成功地发展;解决 check out 获得证明;结账离开;核实 clean out 清除;把……打扫干净 break out （战争、火灾等）突然发生;爆发 续表 36 to 短语 belong to 属于 lead to 导致;导向 listen to 听 point to 指向 stick to 坚持;固守 turn to 求助;转向 shout to 对……大声喊叫 续表 37 up 短语 bring up 养育;抚养 make up 编造;组成;化妆 ring up 打电话给…… set up 建立;创立 show up 出席;露面 stay up 不睡觉;熬夜 cut up 切碎 dress up 穿上盛装;装扮 fix up 修理;修补 end up 最终成为;最后处于 use up 用完;用光 wake up 睡醒;醒来 续表 38 up 短语 hang up 挂断电话 hurry up 赶快;快点儿 cheer up 使振奋;使高兴起来 clean up （把……）打扫干净grow up 成长;长大（2021.50） pick up 捡起;接人;接电话 take up （尤指为消遣）学着做;开始做;占据 续表 39 考点测验 40 河北5年真题溯源 1.（2023河北36题）We are supposed to ___ our hand before we speak in class. A A. put up B. put out C. put down D. put away 2.（2022河北34题）—Michael, ___ this shirt. —Oh, it looks nice on me! A A. try on B. put down C. take off D. throw away 41 拓展提升 Ⅰ.完形填空基础题 1.（2025连云港）Our class went on a camping trip last Sunday. We ___ our tent near a lake. A A. put up B. made up C. took up D. woke up 2.（2025扬州）Stress comes and goes. Sometimes you just need to ___. C A. sit down B. fall down C. calm down D. come down 42 3.（2025安徽）—Thanks a lot for yesterday. I had a good time visiting the ancient town. —It was my great pleasure to ___ with you. A A. hang out B. turn around C. look up D. eat in 4.（2025遂宁）—Helen, ___ the lights when you leave the room. —OK, Mr. Smith. I got it. B A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down 43 5.（2025达州改编）—Now we need to come up with a plan to tell people about our book sales. —I think we could ___ signs. B A. put off B. put up C. put in D. put on 44 Ⅱ.完形填空 As a little boy, I loved listening to my grandfather telling stories about his childhood. My favourite one was that he and his friends . .1. . to the top of a tree to get a bird’s nest. I hope I . .2. . do that one day, but it’s not possible. Because things . .3. . quite different now. First of all, our parents think it’s too dangerous for children to climb trees. They always . .4. . us to be careful. 45 Second, there are not so many birds’ nests around us. But today my dream . .5. .! This morning, Uncle Meng asked me to . .6. . his shop. The shop is very large outside the city. He . .7. . some old cars. When I got there, Uncle Meng showed me different kinds of old cars. As we . .8. . around, we found something special—a bird’s nest on the top of a green car! I was excited to get so close to a real bird’s nest. I climbed up to . .9. . the nest. There were four little eggs in it. I . .10. . break the nest. I hope the birds can be born safely and the bird family can live happily together.#4 1.( ) A. moved B. jumped C. flew D. climbed D 2.( ) A. need B. should C. can D. must C 3.( ) A. do B. are C. were D. have B 4.( ) A. tell B. take C. give D. like A 5.( ) A. came true B. came out C. came across D. came up A 48 6.( ) A. find B. visit C. clean D. build B 7.( ) A. sells B. drives C. uses D. washes A 8.( ) A. ran B. showed C. walked D. kept C 9.( ) A. cancel B. hang C. throw D. check D 10.( ) A. am not B. didn’t C. wasn’t D. haven’t B 49 50 $