UNIT 1 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking （2）(课时跟踪检测)(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking （2） Ⅰ.品句填词 1.If you don’t concentrate more on your work， you’ll be 　　　　　　（解雇）. 2.His teachings remind us of the importance of 　　　　　　（诚实正直）， compassion， and social responsibility. 3.No matter how rich you are， you must treat the old with 　　　　　　（尊严）. 4.The instant the ceremony was 　　　　　（宣布） open， all the students in our school burst into cheers. 5.The 　　　　　　（女售货员） gave him his change， and then he left the store. 6.Unfortunately， the saleswoman fell off the 　　　　　　（梯子）when she attempted to reach a box on the shelf. 7.She wants to live in an apartment， 　　　　　　（然而） her husband would rather live in a house. 8.He would not accept this job for such a small 　　　　　　（薪金） because he had to support a big family. Ⅱ.词形转换 1.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable 　　　　　　（week） supply of fresh greens. 2.I am indeed very sorry that I missed my 　　　　　（appoint） with you this Wednesday. 3.He grew 　　　　　　（guilt） for ignoring his parents’ love for him and for what he had done today. Ⅲ.固定搭配和句式 1.People who choose to rent their homes buy those services 　　　　　　a monthly basis. 2.First of all， I suggest that you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（对学习有一个积极的态度）. 3.The government 　　　　　　　　　　　　　（向污染宣战）， which was a crucial step to safeguard public health. 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　 （现在有一个好机会） that you can use your summer vacation to go on study tours. 5.Our class had a heated discussion about 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（父母是否有必要陪读）. 6.　　　　　　　　 （这真是荒唐） they are short of water in a country where it is always raining. 7.It was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（与其说是她的聪明，倒不如说是她的勤奋） that led to her success. 8.The way she speaks is 　　　　　　（更像） a professional lecturer， which attracts a lot of people to listen carefully. 9.The new product 　　　　　　　　（被测试） many times to ensure its durability and performance. 10.I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（对……感到内疚） the silly mistake I made yesterday and no words can express my guilt. Ⅳ.一词多义/熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加黑词汇对应的意思 1.dismiss A.解散　　　　　　　　　 B.解雇 C.消除（顾虑等） D.拒绝考虑 ①What he said just now dismissed doubts from my mind. 　　　 ②To the students’ joy，the class was dismissed early today. 　　　 ③He just laughed and dismissed my proposal as unrealistic. 　　　 ④He was dismissed from his job for being unqualified. 　　　 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 2.He holds an appointment in the English Department at present. 　　　　　 3.The ancient castle is still there， but not in its integrity. 　　　　　 4.The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list.　　　　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·烟台高二期末）Sharanya， 14， an eighth grader from Challenger School， built a solar-powered trash-collecting robot， which will play a vital role in taking care of the environment. 　　Volunteering in local city cleanups， Sharanya was always saddened to see tons of rubbish still out there after hours’ hard work. “People do have very limited time and resources， but robots don’t. They’ll collect double the amount and work for longer hours，” Sharanya says.“ I learned from a science journal that solar panels moving to always face the sun collect more energy than stationary ones.So I determined to design a trash-collecting robot powered by a sun-tracking solar panel.” 　　However， Sharanya had no experience in robotics， so it was a completely new experience. She firmly believed there’s no instant way to success and that it’s just a process of trial and error. Throughout the project， she studied operating instructions repeatedly and had to use tons of power tools and cut pieces of metal to certain lengths. Her dad would come to her rescue whenever she accidentally burned a wire. “It’s difficult to follow the scientific method， but sticking to this and changing just one variable at a time gets you the best results，” Sharanya says. 　　Sharanya’s robot has trash and recycling bins and moves with motorized wheels. The device’s front and back have object-detecting sensors. One end of the robot has a rubbish-collecting moveable arm with a pan to gather objects and drop them into the trash or recycling bins. This pan also contains a metal-detecting sensor to sort metal recyclables into the appropriate place. A solar panel sits at the robot’s other end， extended into the air. Attached to it is a light-tracking device that follows the sun， enabling the solar panel to move accordingly. 　　In tests， the sun-tracking solar panel generated more power than a stationary one over six hours. And the robot correctly identified an object every time it was presented. It picked up items and accurately classified aluminum cans as recyclables 80 percent of the time. Sharanya is confident that the robot will soon sort plastic and glass by striking the items and detecting the difference in their frequencies. 1.What led Sharanya to intend a sun-tracking solar panel for the robot？（　　） A.Her survey findings.　　　　　　　　　　　　 B.The knowledge she acquired. C.Her social experiences. D.The extra courses she attended. 2.What does paragraph 3 focus on concerning Sharanya？（　　） A.What contributed to her success. B.Why she didn’t fear failure. C.Whether goals counted in her work. D.How she was financially supported. 3.What may be the function of the object-detecting sensors？（　　） A.To identify colors. B.To locate metal materials. C.To discover garbage. D.To analyze moving routes. 4.What does the author mainly want to say in the last paragraph？（　　） A.The robot needs retesting. B.The robot reaches no desired effect. C.The robot enjoys wide popularity. D.The robot faces a promising prospect. B 　　（2025·广东湛江高二阶段考试）Most of us would like to be more creative， but we assume there is little we can do about it. Psychology professor K. Anders Ericsson claims that with enough practice， any of us can become experts. However， he is quick to add that this requires a specific kind of practice that Ericsson calls “deliberate practice”， that is， pushing beyond one’s comfort zone and setting goals that are above one’s current level of performance. He says he has yet to find the limits on being successful and he doesn’t believe them to be real. 　　Ericsson has looked primarily at artistic and athletic skills， but can these findings apply to creativity？ Most experts agree that even if most people cannot hope to become creative geniuses， they can learn to become more creative through practice. Psychologists claim that there are actually two levels of creativity， which they refer to as “Big C” and “small c”. “Big C” creativity applies to breakthrough ideas， ones that may change the course of a field or even history. “Small c” creativity refers to everyday creative problem solving， like creating a new recipe or improving a process， which psychologists subdivide further into similar and different thinking. Similar thinking involves examining all the facts and arriving at a single solution. In contrast， different thinking involves coming up with many possible solutions. What most people think of as creativity generally involves different thinking and can be taught， practised and learnt. 　　Even with practice， different thinking alone cannot make one creative， however. Scott Barry Kaufman， a cognitive psychologist， says that most creative people share one personality quality： openness to new experience. Since this quality and these processes have been identified， less creative people can try to emulate them. Normally， we tend to reproduce what we already know because creative ideas move us into unfamiliar territory involving risks and following the usual behaviors is comfortable. 　　Moving outside of our comfort zone， engaging in deliberate practice and tolerating contradictory ideas， risks and failures are all things we can learn to do better. It is unlikely that doing so will transform any of us into creative geniuses， but it does have the potential to increase our level of creativity. 5.What does Ericsson think of the limits of success？（　　） A.Success is determined by talent. B.Success has little to do with goals. C.There exist no restrictions to success. D.Success is only possible in some fields. 6.Which of the following is an example of “small c”？（　　） A.Settling in outer space. B.Building a plastic doghouse. C.Developing robots for medical treatment. D.Explaining the theory of evolution in class. 7.What does the underlined word “emulate” in paragraph 3 mean？（　　） A.Defend. B.Limit. C.Assess. D.Copy. 8.What message does the author seem to convey in the text？（　　） A.We can learn to be more creative. B.Life is full of various challenges. C.It’s better to take deliberate practice. D.Most people can become creative geniuses. Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　（2025·安徽宿州高二下期中）People have tried everything to get more sleep. But unlike almost every other area of life， effort is not rewarded. 9.（　　） The more you try， the less you are likely to succeed. Here are some ways to improve your sleep that might just work. 　　10.（　　） There is nothing you can do between now and bedtime to guarantee that you will sleep tonight. There is， however， plenty you can start doing to improve your chances of sleeping well next month. So instead of worrying about the night ahead， make sleeping well a long-term goal and expect to see progress in a few weeks rather than tomorrow. 　　Have a late night. Adults need to be awake for at least 16 hours to generate enough sleep-drive to sleep for eight hours at night. Having an early night can mean you won’t be sleepy enough to fall asleep quickly and easily. Don’t pay too much attention to the exact times or the hours of sleep you are getting — the details don’t matter. And don’t take naps （小睡） in the day. 11.（　　） 　　Smile more. Smiling can reduce tension and promote relaxation. As you turn the light out at night， try to think of something funny and smile to yourself in the dark. 12.（　　） Even a fake smile is enough to send a message to the brain to change your mood and retrain the brain to be comfortable with being awake， thus reducing tension and allowing sleep to follow. 　　Stop reading articles about sleep. None of the researching， monitoring or analysing actually leads to better sleep. In fact， constantly looking for a solution is undoubtedly making things worse. 13.（　　） Make this article the last one you read on the subject， then go and find something more interesting to think about. A.Let go of tonight’s expectations. B.Actually， this struggle can backfire. C.Focus less on perfecting your sleep. D.Set a consistent bedtime for better results. E.Daytime naps reduce your natural tiredness. F.It doesn’t have to be a genuine， heartfelt smile. G.Breaking the cycle requires changing your approach. Ⅲ.完形填空 　　（2025·重庆名校联盟高二下期中）As my then-9-year-old son， Leopold， a picky eater living on chicken soup and yogurt， was cautious to try new things due to his phobias （恐惧症）. To 　14　 him to try something new， I introduced a “Yes Day” concept in our trips. 　　With our agreement， I busily 　15　 for a mom-son ski trip to Keystone， Colorado. Before boarding our 　16　 at the airport buffet， I sampled a vegan （素的） meatball， and Leopold tried vegetable salad. Neither of us went back to fetch more， but we each 　17　 our respective new foods， smiling： “not bad”. We both bravely tried new foods， starting our “yes” 　18　. 　　After getting 　19　 at the hotel， I took Leopold to his skiing instructor. He kept to our 　20　， faced his fear of heights and went skiing on a big mountain where he’d never. Inspired by our 　21　 encouragement， I also 　22　 myself to a blue square （中级赛道）， making it down safely and feeling proud. 　　We had such a great time that we 　23　 the whole family， getting his dad and sister on board in St.Augustine， Florida， during spring break. We 　24　 said yes to bike， dance， and ride horses. 　　Saying yes on trips encourages us to 　25　 our comfort zones. The 　26　 of saying yes enriches our lives， which helps us attain new experiences and 　27　 more possibilities for adventure. Hence， be 　28　 to say yes and generate more wonderful memories. 14.（　）A.amuse　　　　　 　　B.order　　　 　　　 C.persuade　　　　　　　D.lecture 15.（　）A.applauded B.prepared C.struggled D.begged 16.（　）A.train B.coach C.ferry D.flight 17.（　）A.appointed B.imagined C.accepted D.served 18.（　）A.project B.journey C.assignment D.bet 19.（　）A.settled B.trapped C.paid D.fed 20.（　）A.secret B.agreement C.belief D.principle 21.（　）A.decent B.professional C.mutual D.sympathetic 22.（　）A.limited B.committed C.treated D.challenged 23.（　）A.involved B.witnessed C.forced D.appreciated 24.（　）A.separately B.reluctantly C.casually D.willingly 25.（　）A.give in to B.break free from C.fit in with D.hold on to 26.（　）A.beauty B.resistance C.bitterness D.duty 27.（　）A.deny B.exhaust C.ignore D.welcome 28.（　）A.qualified B.ready C.hesitant D.shy 5 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking （2） A级基础练 Ⅰ.1.dismissed　2.integrity　3.dignity　4.declared 5.saleswoman　6.ladder　7.whereas　8.salary Ⅱ.1.weekly　2.appointment　3.guilty Ⅲ.1.on 2.（should） have a positive attitude towards your study 3.declared war on pollution 4.Here comes a good chance 5.whether it is necessary for parents to accompany students studying at school 6.It is ridiculous that 7.more her hard work than her cleverness 8.more like 9.was tested out 10.am guilty for/at/about Ⅳ.1.①C　②A　③D　④B　2.n.职务　3.n.完整 4.n.好处；意外收获 B级能力练 Ⅰ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了14岁的莎兰亚建造了一个太阳能垃圾收集机器人，该机器人将在保护环境方面发挥至关重要的作用的故事。 1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，莎兰亚在一本科学杂志上了解到的知识使她打算为机器人设计一个阳光追踪太阳能电池板。 2.A　段落大意题。根据第三段前三句可知，本段主要讲莎兰亚不断地尝试和坚持使她取得了成功。 3.C　推理判断题。根据第四段第二、三句可知，a metal-detecting sensor为金属探测传感器，是用来发现收集金属的，而object-detecting sensors是用来发现收集垃圾这样的物件。 4.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者想说明该机器人前景广阔。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过表述心理学教授K·安德斯·埃里克森和认知心理学家斯科特·巴里·考夫曼的说法表明，人们可以通过练习和学习提高自己的创造力水平。 5.C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，埃里克森没有找到成功的限制，他不相信这些限制是真的。由此可知，埃里克森认为成功不存在任何限制。 6.B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Small c” creativity refers to ... into similar and different thinking.可知，小创造力指的是日常创造性地解决问题，比如创造一个新菜谱或改进一个过程，心理学家将其进一步细分为相似和不同的思维。由此可知，建造一个塑料狗窝是一个“small c”的例子。 7.D　词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句可知，通常情况下，我们倾向于复制我们已经知道的东西，因为创造性想法会把我们带入一个充满风险的陌生领域，而遵循通常的行为是舒适的。由此可知，此处指缺乏创造力的人会尝试模仿，所以emulate意为“模仿”，和copy意思相近。 8.A　推理判断题。 根据最后一段内容可知，走出我们的舒适区，进行不经意的练习，容忍矛盾的想法、风险和失败，这些都是我们可以学会做得更好的事情。这样做不太可能把我们中的任何一个人变成有创造力的天才，但它确实有可能提高我们的创造力水平。由此推断，作者在文章中想要表达我们可以通过学习提升创造力的观念。 Ⅱ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些改善睡眠的方法。 9.B　上文指出努力获得更多睡眠不一定有回报。B项与上文衔接紧密，进一步说明努力获得睡眠可能产生不好的结果，即适得其反，与空后一句相呼应。 10.A　下文说明不要把注意力放在今晚能否睡好上。A项（丢掉今晚的期望）与下文内容相符，引出下文要把改善睡眠作为长期目标的内容。 11.E　空前一句指出白天不要小睡。E项解释了为什么白天不要小睡，因为白天小睡会减少自然疲劳感，不利于晚上入睡，与上文逻辑连接紧密。 12.F　下文提到了假笑的作用：即使是假笑也足以向大脑发送信息来改变你的情绪，并让大脑重新适应清醒状态，从而减轻紧张情绪，促进睡眠。F项与下文内容呼应，说明不一定要真心的笑，假笑也有作用。 13.C　根据上文可知，研究、监测或分析实际上都不能带来更好的睡眠。事实上，不断寻找解决方案无疑会让事情变得更糟，即过度关注睡眠并不能改善睡眠。C项（少关注改善你的睡眠）与上文内容一致，总结上文，引出下文建议不要再阅读关于睡眠的文章。 Ⅲ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者为让挑食惧新的儿子尝试新事物，引入“答应日”概念，全家在旅行中突破舒适区，收获美好体验。 14.C　根据上文可知，当时作者9岁的儿子利奥波德是个挑食的孩子，只喝鸡汤和酸奶，由于恐惧症，他对尝试新事物很谨慎。由此可知，为了说服他尝试新事物，作者在他们的旅行中引入了“答应日”的概念。persuade sb to do sth表示“说服某人做某事”。 15.B　根据for a mom-son ski trip to Keystone， Colorado以及下文描述的旅行经历可知，此处表示作者为这次滑雪旅行做准备。prepare for表示“为……做准备”。 16.D　根据下文at the airport buffet可知，地点是在机场的自助餐厅，所以此处应该是在登上航班之前。 17.C　根据下文our respective new foods， smiling：“not bad”可知，虽然没有再去拿更多食物，但从not bad可以看出他们都接受了新食物。 18.B　根据上文提到的ski trip以及下文描述的旅行中的经历可知，这里表示开始了这次“答应日”的旅行。 19.A　根据I took Leopold to his skiing instructor可知，此处表示在酒店安顿好之后，才去见滑雪教练。get settled表示“安顿下来”。 20.B　根据上文With our agreement以及语境可知，此处表示儿子遵守了他们之前的约定。 21.C　根据上文描述儿子在作者的鼓励下尝试滑雪，以及下文作者在某种鼓励下挑战自己去中级赛道可知，这里是他们相互鼓励。 22.D　根据to a blue square （中级赛道）， making it down safely and feeling proud可知，作者对去了中级赛道并安全滑下感到自豪，所以此处表示挑战自己。 challenge oneself to sth 表示“挑战自己做某事”。 23.A　根据getting his dad and sister on board in St.Augustine， Florida， during spring break可知，这里表示让爸爸和妹妹也参与到旅行中。involve sb in sth 表示“使某人参与某事”。 24.D　根据上文We had such a great time可知，他们玩得很开心，所以对于骑自行车、跳舞和骑马这些活动应该是欣然答应。 25.B　根据上文描述他们在旅行中尝试新事物、挑战自我等经历可知，“答应日”让他们摆脱了舒适区。give in to屈服于；break free from摆脱；fit in with适应；与……合得来；hold on to坚持；抓住。 26.A　根据下文enriches our lives ...more possibilities for adventure可知，说“好的”带来了很多积极的影响，所以此处应该是说“好的”的美妙之处。 27.D　根据语境可知，说“好的”带来了积极的结果，所以应该是迎接更多冒险的可能性。 28.B　根据上文描述说“好的”带来的积极影响可知，这里是鼓励人们准备好说“好的”。be ready to do sth 表示“准备好做某事”。 5 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $