UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册(人教版)
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教辅
摘要:
本讲义聚焦英语短语的形式、意义及使用这一核心知识点,系统梳理名词、动词、形容词、副词和介词短语的构成规则与句法功能。通过“先感悟(高考真题与教材典句)—会发现(结构特征)—善归纳(规律总结)—运用练(语境应用)”的学习支架,构建从具体实例到抽象规则再到实践应用的完整学习脉络。
该资料以“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观为指导,融合高考真题与教材素材,助力学生在语境中提升语言能力。通过分层练习设计,引导学生分析、归纳短语规律,培养思维品质,同时词汇拓展模块强化语言积累。课中辅助教师清晰授课,课后帮助学生查漏补缺,高效巩固语法知识。
内容正文:
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
复习短语
Helping others can help protect your mental and physical① health.The kind action② can keep you away from③ stress, make you remain mentally stimulated and provide a sense of purpose for you.It is true that the more you volunteer, the more benefits you’ll have.Very importantly④, volunteering doesn’t have to take a huge amount of time out of your busy day.
One of the most well-known benefits of volunteering is the impact on the community.Volunteering allows you to connect with your community and makes it a better place.
句①是形容词短语在句中作定语;
句②是名词短语在句中作主语;
句③是动词短语在句中作谓语;
句④是副词短语在句中作状语。
——运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语法观
英语中的短语是有一定意义但不构成独立从句或句子的一组词。从形式角度划分, 英语的短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、副词短语和介词短语等。
一、名词短语(NP)
【先感悟】
①(2025·1月浙江卷) I think it’s an amazing idea.
②(2023·1月浙江卷)The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund is June 15.
③(教材典句) Tombe’s father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead, led us to his house.
【会发现】
(1)句①中的名词短语作 ;
(2)句②中的名词短语作 ;
(3)句③中的名词短语作 。
【善归纳】
1.名词短语是指以一个名词为中心构成的短语,在句中当作名词,一般用作主语、宾语、表语、同位语或宾语补足语。
2.名词短语的构成:(限定词)+(形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)+名词+(介词短语)。
3.名词短语中的限定词常常包括冠词(a, an, the)、指示代词(this, that, these, those等)、物主代词(my, your, his, her, our, their等)和不定代词(some, no, neither, both等)。
【运用练】 完成句子
①We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are to develop and grow.
我们一直都在改变和学习,错误是发展和成长的积极方式。
② in our class is lack of interaction and teamwork.
我们班最明显的问题是缺少互动和协作。
③It is that only with joint efforts can we have a better tomorrow.
我坚信,只有共同努力,我们才能有一个更美好的明天。
④Among that are widely acknowledged, Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my opinion.
在被广泛认可的中国历史人物中,我认为范仲淹是最有影响力的。
二、动词短语(VP)
【先感悟】
①It took her a few months to adapt to the fast-paced life in New York City.
②When introducing himself to the new colleagues, he shook hands with everyone.
③The car broke down on the way to the airport, which made us miss the flight.
④He ran as fast as he could so that he could catch up with the others in the race.
⑤You should take part in some school activities actively through which you can make more friends in senior high.
【会发现】
(1)句①中的动词短语由 构成;
(2)句②和句⑤中的动词短语由 构成;
(3)句③中的动词短语由 构成;
(4)句④中的动词短语由 构成。
【善归纳】
1.动词短语是指以一个动词为中心构成的短语,在句中相当于动词。
2.动词短语的构成:(1)动词+副词;(2)动词+介词;(3)动词+副词+介词;(4)动词+名词+介词等。
【运用练】 完成句子
①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)When we met, I for his trust in me, gave him the fare and tipped him another sum of money.
当我们见面时,我感谢他对我的信任,给了他车费,又给了他一笔小费。
②He to make his country rich and powerful.
他不遗余力地进行了一系列改革,使他的国家富强起来。
③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The sunlight and the peaceful atmosphere all added color to the painting.
水面反射的阳光和宁静的气氛都为这幅画增添了色彩。
④When I turned the corner, I I hadn’t seen for years, and my heart .
当我转过拐角时,我看到了一位多年未见的老朋友,我的心里充满了喜悦。
⑤He decided to and .
他决定摆脱自己的坏习惯,开始一种新的健康生活方式。
三、形容词短语(AdjP)
【先感悟】
①(教材典句)It was so nice to get some sweets and jam from home.
②(教材典句)Science is my most challenging subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments.
③(2025·1月浙江卷)Kevin was pretty bored.
④It would be a good idea if you participate in all kinds of activities, which will help to make life more interesting.
⑤Thirsty and hungry, she went into the restaurant and seated herself at a little table.
【会发现】
(1)句①③中的形容词短语作 ;
(2)句②中的形容词短语作 ;
(3)句④中的形容词短语作 ;
(4)句⑤中的形容词短语作 。
【善归纳】
1.形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语,在句中可以作定语,可修饰名词或代词,还可以作表语或宾语补足语,也可以作状语。
2.形容词短语的构成:(副词)+形容词+(介词短语)。
【运用练】 完成句子
①(2024·全国甲卷)Shared bicycles provide a means of transport for short trips.
共享单车为短途旅行提供了一种方便、环保的交通方式。
②He spent one day in the wind and snow, .
他又冷又饿地在风雪中度过了一天。
四、副词短语(AdvP)
【先感悟】
①Equally importantly, we should develop a good habit of living.
②(教材典句) Later, I noticed a can standing upside down on the grill over the fire.
③I don’t know her well enough to ask her for help.
【会发现】
(1)句①中的副词短语修饰 ;
(2)句②③中的副词短语修饰 。
【善归纳】
1.副词短语是指以一个副词为中心构成的短语。副词短语在句中当作副词,可以修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
2.副词短语的构成:(副词)+副词。
【运用练】 完成句子
①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I painted the scenery of the park, where the willow branches were dancing in the breeze and several ducks were swimming in the river .
我画了公园里的风景,柳枝在微风中翩翩起舞,几只鸭子在河里平静快乐地游来游去。
②(2024·全国甲卷)Besides, China’s high-speed railway network
.
此外,中国的高速铁路网有效地连接了各个城市。
③He is so humorous, responsible and selfless that I .
他如此幽默、负责任、无私以至于我非常尊重并喜欢他。
五、介词短语(PrepP)
【先感悟】
①(教材典句) It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track covered in weeds.
②There is no doubt that many animals have become extinct and many more are in danger of extinction.
③(教材典句)We ate inside the hut sitting round the fire.
【会发现】
(1)句①②③中的介词短语均由 构成;
(2)句①③中的介词短语作 ;
(3)句②中的介词短语作 。
【善归纳】
1.介词短语是指介词加上其宾语成分构成的短语。介词短语在句中作表语、定语或状语。
2.介词短语的构成:介词+宾语,能在介词后充当宾语的主要有名词、宾格代词、动词-ing形式等。
【运用练】 完成句子
①(2024·全国甲卷)As we all know, changes will bring great changes to people’s lives.
众所周知,交通方式的改变将给人们的生活带来巨大的变化。
② , not only can we get in contact with others, but we can also deal with some problems.
在手机的帮助下,我们不仅可以与他人联系,还可以处理一些问题。
③My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences .
在过去的十年里,我的丈夫、我们的孩子和我都有美妙的露营经历。
Ⅰ.写出下列句子中加黑短语的类型及所充当的句子成分
1.Under the guidance of my mother, I turned on the gas cooker.
2.When I was in middle school, my teacher asked me to enter a writing contest.
3.After a temporary hesitation, David nodded in agreement, finally deciding to participate in the cross-country run.
4.The most important thing in life is to have a great aim and the determination to attain it.
5.The weather there is wet and warm.
6.Let’s use shared bicycles as common transports.
7.Overall, it was a valuable and enriching experience.
8.I felt so proud that I shared housework with my parents, which also showed I had grown up.
Ⅱ.用本单元所学语法完成下面的语段
Last Sunday, our volunteer group took part in a voluntary activity 1. (在汽车站).On arriving there, we were given 2. (热烈的欢迎).Some students 3. (打扫候车室) while the others offered the passengers the information they needed and 4. (搬运行李) for them. Although we were tired, we felt 5. (很开心). 6. (最为重要的是),we can do something for others.
1.resign vi. & vt.辞职;辞去
教材原句 One of my dreams is to work in Africa and continue to help the disabled after I resign from my job.我的一个梦想是在非洲工作,在我辞职后继续帮助残疾人。
【用法】
(1)resign one’s post/position辞去职务
resign from ... 从……辞职
resign as ... 辞去作为……的职务
(2)resign oneself to (doing) sth 听任/顺从/只好接受(做)某事
resign sb to ... 把某人委托给……
【佳句】 After several failed attempts, Jack resigned himself to the fate that he was not qualified for this kind of job.
经过几次失败的尝试,杰克接受了他不能胜任这种工作的命运。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Ten years ago,he resigned a company in Beijing and went to Shenzhen to do temporary work.
②He resigned the manager of the company because of the constant pressure and long working hours.
【写美】 完成句子
③He because he wanted to be devoted to his charity cause.
他辞去了职务,因为他想全身心投入到慈善事业中去。
2.deserve vt.值得;应得;应受
教材原句 I think everyone deserves the right to be happy.我认为每一个人都有幸福的权利。
【用法】
(1)deserve consideration/attention/praise值得考虑/注意/赞扬
deserve to do sth 应该做某事
deserve doing=deserve to be done 应该/值得被……
(2)deserving adj. 值得的;应得的
【佳句】 Seeing that my parents were occupied with their work and looked exhausted, I felt that they deserved a good rest.
看到我的父母忙于工作,非常疲倦,我觉得他们应该好好休息一下。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①She deserves (award) the highest honor because of her determination and effort.
②As far as I’m concerned,the money saved could be used for more (deserve) causes.
【写美】 完成句子
③It is you who build up our confidence and undoubtedly .
是您树立了我们的信心,无疑您值得我们的赞美。
提示:完成课后作业 UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ
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Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
【重难语法·要攻克】
一、会发现 (1)表语 (2)主语和宾语 (3)同位语
运用练 ①a positive way ②The most obvious problem ③my firm belief ④the Chinese historical figures
二、会发现 (1)动词+介词 (2)动词+名词+介词
(3)动词+副词 (4)动词+副词+介词
运用练 ①extended my gratitude ②spared no effort to carry out a series of reforms ③reflecting off the water ④caught sight of an old friend; filled with joy ⑤break away from his bad habits; start a new healthy lifestyle
三、会发现 (1)表语 (2)定语 (3)宾语补足语 (4)状语
运用练 ①convenient and environmentally friendly
②cold and hungry
四、会发现 (1)整个句子 (2)动词
运用练 ①peacefully and happily ②has connected various cities effectively ③respect and love him very much
五、会发现 (1)介词+名词 (2)状语 (3)表语
运用练 ①in transportation ②With the help of the cell phone ③over the past ten years
【随堂检测·要过关】
Ⅰ.1.动词短语;作谓语 2.介词短语;作表语 3.名词短语;作宾语 4.名词短语;作宾语 5.形容词短语;作表语
6.介词短语;作状语 7.形容词短语;作定语 8.形容词短语;作表语
Ⅱ.1.at the bus station
2.a warm welcome
3.cleaned the waiting room
4.carried the luggage
5.very happy
6.Most importantly
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①from ②as ③resigned his post/position
2.①to be awarded/awarding ②deserving
③deserve our admiration
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