UNIT 1 单元整合提升 知识巩固 素养提升(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语基础与应用能力培养，系统涵盖核心单词拼写（如“意外收获bonus”“荒谬的absurd”等）、拓展词汇词形转换（如appoint→appointment→appointed）、重点短语运用（如“检验test out”“占上风take over”）及经典句式（more...than...、完全倒装、强调句），形成从基础词汇到综合表达的学习支架。 该资料以语言能力培养为核心，通过词形转换填空（如用guilt的不同形式完成句子）提升词汇运用准确性，经典句式练习（如完成“more sad than angry”）培养思维品质中的分析与表达能力。融入《三体》阅读素材，结合科幻文学激发兴趣，增强文化意识。课中辅助教师分层教学，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，提升自主学习能力。

一、 核心单词写对 1.　　　　　　 n.意外收获；奖金；红利 2.　　　　　　 adj.荒谬的；荒唐的 3.　　　　　　 vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓 4.　　　　　　 conj.然而；但是；尽管 5.　　　　　　 n.谣言；传闻 6.　　　　　　 n.车费；船费；飞机票价 7.　　　　　　 adj.每周的 n.周刊 8.　　　　　　 n.女主席；女董事长；女委员长 9.　　　　　　 adj.更好的；占优势的；（在级别或重要性上）更高的 10.　　　　　　 n.英寸（长度单位，等于2.54厘米） 11.　　　　　　 adv.向后；倒着；往回 12.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.紧握；抓紧 13.　　　　　　 adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的 14.　　　　　　 vt.（去）拿来；（去）请来 15.　　　　　　 n.手帕；纸巾 16.　　　　　　 n.灯；台灯 17.　　　　　　 n.速度；步伐；节奏 vt.& vi.确定速度；调整节奏 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.He didn’t treat me with 　　　　　　　（尊严），which made me explode with anger. 2.To begin with， it couldn’t be better if students with mixed levels of English could be grouped together deliberately rather than at 　　　　　　（随机）. 3.She was offered a high 　　　　　　 　（薪水） to work at the tech company. 4.The chairwoman has declared that 100 workers will be 　　　　　　（解雇） next week. 5.Wherever you are， you should try to be a person with 　　　　　　（正直） and honesty. 6.The 　　　　　　（售货员） was very polite and knowledgeable about the product. 7.Even though this is a science 　　　　　　（小说） story， the plot is much too ridiculous. 8.They set 1 May as International 　　　　　（劳动） Day to show respect for workers of all countries. 二、拓展词汇用活 1.　　　　　　 n.预约；约会；委任→appoint v.任命；委任；安排→appointed adj.指定的，约定的 2.　　　　　　 adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→guilt n.内疚；罪行；有罪 3.　　　　　　 vt.表明；宣称；公布→declaration n.公告；宣言；声明 4.　　　　　　 vt.计算；核算；预测→calculation n.计算，运算 5.　　　　　　 n.分开；分隔；差异；除（法）→divide v.（使）分开，分散，分割，分成；分配 6.　　　　　　 n.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgent adj.迫切的；紧急的 7.　　　　　　 adj.最大极限的 n.最大量；最大限度→minimum adj.最低的；最小的 n.最小值 8.　　　　　　 vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破→explosion n.爆炸 9.　　　　　　 n.泥；泥浆→muddy adj.泥泞的；沾满泥的 Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.He was 　　　　　　as manager and wanted to tell his girlfriend the good news at the 　　　　　　time， but she missed their 　　　　　　somehow.（appoint） 2.A bomb 　　　　　　in the market. The 　　　　　　was heard a mile away.（explode） 3.I feel 　　　　　　about the silly mistake I made yesterday and no words can express my 　　　　　　.（guilt） 4.Before the discussion，the boys and the girls have been 　　　　　　　and the 　　　　　　is useful for their study.（divide） 5.There is so much 　　　　　　on the 　　　　　　road that you have to walk on it with caution.（mud） 三、重点短语用准 1.　　　　　　　　 检验；测试 2.　　　　　　　　 更像是；更接近 3.　　　　　　　　 根据；以……的方式（基准） 4.　　　　　　　 事物的利与弊；支持与反对 5.　　　　　　　　 比……更好；更胜一筹 6.　　　　　　　　 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 7.　　　　　　　　 与……冲突或抵触 8.　　　　　　　　 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是 9.　　　　　　　　 （逐渐）减少；消失 10.　　　　　　　　 有强烈的欲望做某事 Ⅲ.选用左栏短语并用其适当形式填空 1.It is necessary that we weigh the 　　　　　　　　of including English words in Chinese dictionaries. 2.He 　　　　　　　　to be guilty of his mean words and tears of regret blurred his eyes. 3.The view from the peak of the mountain was wonderful and our tiredness 　　　　　　　　. 4.Helen was chosen for the job because she 　　　　　　　　　any other candidate. 5.Technology really helps us， but we should not allow it to 　　　　　　　　our lives. 四、经典句式写美 1.句型公式：more ... than ... 与其说……不如说…… 教材原句：He seemed more like a human than a machine. 2.句型公式：完全倒装 教材原句：As she turned around， there stood Gladys Claffern. 3.句型公式：It is/was ...that/who ...强调句 教材原句：It was at ten o’clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career. Ⅳ.完成句子 1.She was 　　　　　　　　　　　　when her little son lied to her again. 当她的小儿子再次对她说谎时，她与其说生气倒不如说伤心。 2.In front of our teaching building 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 在我们的教学楼前面矗立着两棵大树。 3.As for the environmental protection， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　makes a difference. 至于环境保护，起作用的不是我们说什么，而是我们做什么。 　　How would human beings react if we found out we’re not alone in the universe？ What if we knew an alien civilisation was to invade （入侵） Earth？ What would we do？ 　　These are the questions asked in The Three-Body Problem. When a secret military project sends signals into space to get in touch with aliens， an alien civilisation in the face of destruction receives the signals and plans to invade Earth. Meanwhile， on Earth， people begin to separate into different groups： those who welcome aliens and those who want to fight against them. 　　The novel was written by Chinese author Liu Cixin and published in 2008.Translated into English in 2014 and almost 20 languages since， it was called an absolute “must-read in any language” by Booklist magazine. Liu has won several awards for it and in 2015， he became the first Asian to win the Hugo Award for Best Novel， the highest award in science fiction. 　　Just from the title， one could imagine that the text might be heavy with physics terms （术语）.But as US writer Jason Heller said， “Indeed this science fiction is full of lengthy passages explaining technical terms. But Liu Cixin supports all of that burning-brain theory with empathetic （感同身受的） characters and thrilling story plots.” 　　At the very heart of science fiction — and what makes it truly appealing to readers — is the concept of an uncertain future. This allows the author to push the boundaries of readers’ imaginations. Liu fully uses this approach to keep readers anxiously turning the page. While reading， they ask themselves， “What would I do？” 　　In an interview with The New York Times， Liu said， “China is on the path of rapid modernisation and progress， kind of like the US during the golden age of science fiction in the 1930s to the 1960s.The future in the people’s eyes is full of attractions and hope， but also threats and challenges. That makes for very fertile soil.” 【写作素材】 1.时间状语从句 When a secret military project sends signals into space to get in touch with aliens， an alien civilisation in the face of destruction receives the signals and plans to invade Earth. 2.情感描写 ①Liu fully uses this approach to keep readers anxiously turning the page. ②The future in the people’s eyes is full of attractions and hope， but also threats and challenges. 3.比喻 China is on the path of rapid modernisation and progress， kind of like the US during the golden age of science fiction in the 1930s to the 1960s. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 单元整合提升 【知识重温·提能力】 一、 1.bonus　2.absurd　3.suspend　4.whereas　5.rumour 6.fare　7.weekly　8.chairwoman　9.superior　10.inch　11.backwards　12.grip　13.hazy　14.fetch 15.handkerchief　16.lamp　17.pace Ⅰ.1.dignity　2.random　3.salary　4.dismissed 5.integrity　6.salesman　7.fiction　8.Labour 二、1.appointment　2.guilty　3.declare　4.calculate 5.division　6.urge　7.maximum　8.explode　9.mud Ⅱ.1.appointed； appointed； appointment　2.exploded； explosion 3.guilty； guilt　4.divided； division　5.mud； muddy 三、1.test out　2.more like　3.on a ...basis　4.pros and cons　5.superior to　6.take over　7.conflict with 8.turn out　9.fall away　10.have an urge to Ⅲ.1.pros and cons　2.turned out　3.fell away 4.was superior to　5.take over Ⅳ.1.more sad than angry 2.stand two big trees 3.it is not what we say but what we do that 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $