UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language(教用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language

复习短语

　　Helping others can help protect your mental and physical① health.The kind action② can keep you away from③ stress， make you remain mentally stimulated and provide a sense of purpose for you.It is true that the more you volunteer， the more benefits you’ll have.Very importantly④， volunteering doesn’t have to take a huge amount of time out of your busy day.

　　One of the most well-known benefits of volunteering is the impact on the community.Volunteering allows you to connect with your community and makes it a better place.

句①是形容词短语在句中作定语；

句②是名词短语在句中作主语；

句③是动词短语在句中作谓语；

句④是副词短语在句中作状语。

——运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语法观

　　英语中的短语是有一定意义但不构成独立从句或句子的一组词。从形式角度划分， 英语的短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、副词短语和介词短语等。

一、名词短语（NP）

【先感悟】

①（2025·1月浙江卷） I think it’s an amazing idea.

②（2023·1月浙江卷）The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund is June 15.

③（教材典句） Tombe’s father， Mukap， a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead， led us to his house.

【会发现】

（1）句①中的名词短语作　表语　；

（2）句②中的名词短语作　主语和宾语　；

（3）句③中的名词短语作　同位语　。

【善归纳】

1.名词短语是指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中当作名词，一般用作主语、宾语、表语、同位语或宾语补足语。

2.名词短语的构成：（限定词）＋（形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词）＋名词＋（介词短语）。

3.名词短语中的限定词常常包括冠词（a， an， the）、指示代词（this， that， these， those等）、物主代词（my， your， his， her， our， their等）和不定代词（some， no， neither， both等）。

【运用练】　完成句子

①We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are 　a positive way　 to develop and grow.

我们一直都在改变和学习，错误是发展和成长的积极方式。

②　The most obvious problem　 in our class is lack of interaction and teamwork.

我们班最明显的问题是缺少互动和协作。

③It is 　my firm belief　 that only with joint efforts can we have a better tomorrow.

我坚信，只有共同努力，我们才能有一个更美好的明天。

④Among 　the Chinese historical figures　 that are widely acknowledged， Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my opinion.

在被广泛认可的中国历史人物中，我认为范仲淹是最有影响力的。

二、动词短语（VP）

【先感悟】

①It took her a few months to adapt to the fast-paced life in New York City.

②When introducing himself to the new colleagues， he shook hands with everyone.

③The car broke down on the way to the airport， which made us miss the flight.

④He ran as fast as he could so that he could catch up with the others in the race.

⑤You should take part in some school activities actively through which you can make more friends in senior high.

【会发现】

（1）句①中的动词短语由　动词＋介词　构成；

（2）句②和句⑤中的动词短语由　动词＋名词＋介词　构成；

（3）句③中的动词短语由　动词＋副词　构成；

（4）句④中的动词短语由　动词＋副词＋介词　构成。

【善归纳】

1.动词短语是指以一个动词为中心构成的短语，在句中相当于动词。

2.动词短语的构成：（1）动词＋副词；（2）动词＋介词；（3）动词＋副词＋介词；（4）动词＋名词＋介词等。

【运用练】　完成句子

①（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）When we met， I 　extended my gratitude　 for his trust in me， gave him the fare and tipped him another sum of money.

当我们见面时，我感谢他对我的信任，给了他车费，又给了他一笔小费。

②He 　spared no effort to carry out a series of reforms　 to make his country rich and powerful.

他不遗余力地进行了一系列改革，使他的国家富强起来。

③（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）The sunlight 　reflecting off the water　 and the peaceful atmosphere all added color to the painting.

水面反射的阳光和宁静的气氛都为这幅画增添了色彩。

④When I turned the corner， I 　caught sight of an old friend　 I hadn’t seen for years， and my heart 　filled with joy　.

当我转过拐角时，我看到了一位多年未见的老朋友，我的心里充满了喜悦。

⑤He decided to 　break away from his bad habits　 and 　start a new healthy lifestyle　.

他决定摆脱自己的坏习惯，开始一种新的健康生活方式。

三、形容词短语（AdjP）

【先感悟】

①（教材典句）It was so nice to get some sweets and jam from home.

②（教材典句）Science is my most challenging subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments.